Water repellents for concrete. Water-repellent impregnations and additives for concrete - what are they for and what to choose? Water repellents for concrete: solving various problems

One of the main problems in construction is the protection of all parts of the structure under construction from direct contact with liquids. It is solved by different methods and using different materials. But whether all of them are effective and convenient to use in any situation, the question is far from unambiguous.

That is why experts always recommend complex waterproofing, that is, combine several methods. Naturally, this will require more time, and the consumption of the corresponding products increases significantly. The use of agents called water repellents allows you to solve different problems at the same time.

Such compositions sharply reduce the ability of all building (finishing) materials to absorb liquids, not only on the surface, but also in depth. In terms of efficiency and effectiveness, they can be called analogues of several types - impregnation, roll, coating, and so on, that is, they are products "for all occasions."

Features of water repellents

• The possibility of processing any of the materials (asphalt, brick, slate, cement, gypsum, wood, etc.) used in the repair or construction. At the same time, it should be taken into account that for each of them a “own” type of product is selected.
• Many protection products allow the base to "breathe", which eliminates the appearance and development of fungus, mold (for example, in wood). They do not "seal" the pores of materials (do not form a film), like conventional paints, and if they reduce such an indicator as vapor permeability, then not much (no more than 10 - 15%). And that's just some of them.
• Versatility of application. It is possible not only to treat surfaces, but also to introduce them as additives into the composition of various mixtures in the manufacture of “artificial” products (various types of concrete, blocks, tiles, and so on). This technology increases the service life of the final product several times.
• In addition to the main purpose, they also perform a number of other useful functions, for example, they increase the elasticity and frost resistance of materials.

Varieties

By chemical composition:

• silicone;
• water based.

By application technology:

• Special paintwork.
• Wood stains.
• Impregnation means.

In order for the use of a water repellent to give the desired effect and not worsen other characteristics of the base material, it is necessary to choose the appropriate composition correctly.

As an example, we can name the most common domestic means for impregnation of the GKZH brand. The 10th series has been known for a long time, and recently the industry has been releasing a modified, 11th version.

Products under the SOFEKSIL brand (several types) have proven themselves well, the production of which has been established in the Moscow region. A number of others can be noted - Aquastat, Penta. From imported compositions (of Slovenian production) and German ones are in demand "Wakker", "Aqnafin", "Asolin". And this is not a complete list of water repellents.

Price

It depends mainly on the chemical composition of the product and the specifics of its application, so the price range is impressive. A few examples:

• "Tiprom" (Russia) - from 900 rubles for a container of 5 liters;
• German "AKEMI" for 5 liters - about 7,200 rubles;
• "Protect Guard" (France) is even more expensive - 2,180 rubles / l.

For any installation and exterior finishing work, water repellency of brick or concrete is mandatory. This is a reliable protection of artificial stone from excessive absorption of moisture, which increases its frost resistance and prolongs the service life of building structures. And the higher the porosity of the material, the more it needs such processing.

When are water repellents needed?

Water-repellent compositions are divided into two main groups: bulk and surface. The first includes various additives that are introduced into the concrete solution at the stage of its preparation with their own hands. They increase the water resistance class of the monolith, compact and strengthen it, and prevent the appearance of white efflorescence.

The second category is film-forming and penetrating water repellents that can be used to protect finished concrete products, brickwork, decorative cladding, tiles, etc. After application, they create a thin waterproof layer on the surface. From time to time, such a coating will have to be renewed, but it is cheaper than subsequently restoring the structures with your own hands.

For the most reliable protection, experts recommend combining both methods of hydrophobization. Moreover, it is desirable to choose not universal compositions, but those that are designed for specific materials and operating conditions. Manufacturers today offer formulas that can be used both as additives in the solution and for application to the surface.

Water repellents are in demand where artificial stone experiences the destructive effects of various liquids:

• Brick walls of houses and lined facades.
• Fences, blind area, borders, paving slabs.
• Receiving trays of drains, wells, septic tanks, bowls of pools.
• Concrete parking areas, workshops, laboratories, etc.

Overview of popular brands

When choosing water repellents, it is necessary to focus on the scope of their application: what is suitable for heavy concrete does not always work effectively on gas blocks with their high porosity. It is important to take into account the degree of exposure to moisture on the structure itself, so as not to waste money on expensive compounds.

1. Aquasil.

The concentrated preparation reduces the water-absorbing capacity of heavy and porous concrete by an order of magnitude and improves similar indicators for bricks by a factor of 30. At the same time, the formula provides a strengthening of the monolith by about a third of the original grade. The low alkaline mixture is fireproof and resistant - re-application will be required no earlier than after 10 years.

After diluting the concentrate in a ratio of 1:10, the consumption of Aquasil is about 250-500 ml/m 2 . This is a universal water repellent that can be used both to improve the characteristics of the solution (introduced up to 0.5% by weight of cement) and for surface application. In the second case, water-repellent properties appear already 2 hours after impregnation.

Concentrated emulsion for dense products protects not only the cement stone itself from external influences, but also reinforcement, as well as embedded metal parts of reinforced concrete products. Spectrum 123 perfectly fights mold and harmful microorganisms, and the effect of hydrophobization becomes noticeable after 20 hours after application.

The concentrated silicone mixture is diluted in a ratio of 1:4 or 1:3 if you have to work with porous substrates. It is applied only on a dry surface at a positive temperature. The depth of penetration into the thickness is 3-10 mm, the average consumption is 0.15-0.3 l / m 2.

3. Tiprom-U.

In terms of its main characteristics, it is similar to the already considered Aquasol: the same organosilicon concentrate used both in solutions and as a surface protection of porous materials. It shows itself well as a dirt-repellent composition, relieves brickwork from the appearance of efflorescence. However, he also has restrictions on use: in his instructions, the manufacturer does not recommend Tiprom-U for non-absorbent surfaces that are constantly in contact with water.

The composition penetrates into the thickness of concrete to a depth of 35 mm, clogging the internal capillaries. In addition, it easily repels not only water, but also ice, which allows it to be used for processing paving slabs. The solution is applied in several layers at time intervals (no more than 10 minutes) until absorption stops. Consumption - 150-300 ml / m 2.

4. Crystallisol.

Under this brand, a whole family of various highly specialized water repellents for concrete is produced - each for its own scope.

The most popular of them:

• Monolith - a formula for volumetric hydrophobization. Increases the waterproof rating by 5 classes without entering into a "conflict" with plasticizers and antifreezes.
• Crystallisol W12 - provides the monolith with high moisture resistance up to 1.2 atm and increases the number of freezing cycles to F.

Surface water repellents of this brand are water-based, and therefore form only a transparent, colorless film on concrete with good vapor permeability. They are fireproof and have antiseptic properties.

5. Armokril-A.

The deep penetration agent is made on the basis of polyacrylates, and in fact it is an impregnating varnish. Great for pigmented products like artificial stone cladding, paving slabs and sectional fences as it prevents the paint from fading on their surface.

Armocryl has a pleasant “side effect”: it strengthens and removes dust from concrete bases, strengthens cement joints in brickwork. Instructions for use prescribe the application of varnish in two layers with a break of 12 hours. The total consumption depends on the texture of the surface, but usually does not exceed 210-260 ml/m 2 . Armokril itself is resistant to alkalis, acids and refined products.

6. Alpa Polyfluid.

Deeply penetrating water repellent, which includes not only synthetic resins, but also fungicidal additives, as well as antifreeze. Designed to protect porous and already slightly cracked surfaces, can be applied with a brush or used to inject problem areas. It functions on the principle of penetrating liquids, that is, it crystallizes in the pores and capillaries of concrete with the participation of moisture. Partly because of this, the price of the French remedy is higher than others. Polyfluid has an average consumption (about 0.2-0.3 l / m 2) and allows you to start working after 4 hours.

Application features

Any hydrophobic additive in concrete is introduced into the solution itself at the stage of its preparation. Here you only need to correctly calculate its amount for the total volume of the mixture, following the instructions on the package. Water-repellent coatings work differently. For do-it-yourself application, you can choose any convenient tool: rollers, brushes or spray gun. Coloring is usually carried out in several stages until the water repellent is no longer absorbed. After that, it is left for a day to dry. You can then paint, but if you chose a silicone-based composition, this will no longer be possible.

Before starting work, check the instructions for use on the package. Water-repellent coatings may differ from each other by the principle of application: on a wet or dry surface. The former usually include penetrating compounds, which need water to start a chemical reaction with concrete components and clog its pores with insoluble crystals. Film-forming mixtures are applied to a dry base, unable to penetrate too deeply.

Price

Modern technologies have made it possible to create improved building materials that help make structures more durable. One of these means is a water repellent for concrete, with the help of which it is possible to significantly increase the performance and strength of concrete products. Compared to the composition of previous products, the water-repellent impregnation for concrete has improved technical properties. The water-repellent properties of concrete are also briefly referred to as hydrophobic concrete.

Definition

The water-repellent additive is produced in the form of an impregnation, which includes organic substances. The water repellent has an astringent structure that is applied to the concrete surface - this is called concrete water repellency. This treatment allows you to create a dense film that reliably covers the voids in the concrete. Thus, moisture does not penetrate into the material. In addition, with the help of this additive, specialists can process any materials. A water repellent is used to protect natural and non-natural stones, tiles, ceramics, wood, etc.

What is the supplement for?

A solution of copolymers is considered a non-toxic agent that imparts water-repellent properties to concrete. Any such composition, produced by leading manufacturers, penetrates directly into the concrete structure, compacting the building material. This property of water repellents provides the necessary heat and waterproofing of the building, prolongs operation, and saves money on space heating.

Advantages of using a water repellent

The use of the composition does not pose a danger to the environment and human health. Water repellents for concrete are almost unaffected by ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes and precipitation. Using an additive to impregnate different types of concrete surfaces will give the following positive results:

• reduce the risk of material destruction;
• prevent the appearance of corrosive processes;
• save on paints and varnishes and various primers;
• achieve a water repellent effect.

In addition, thanks to the substances contained in the water repellent, multi-colored graffiti is not applied to the walls, which can disfigure the building.

Types of water repellents

The modern market offers two main types of composition: water-based and silicone-based. You must consider the above components when buying a water repellent, since different types of products are designed for a specific construction task.

Experts say that silicone-based water repellents for concrete have gained wide popularity due to their unique properties. Hydrophobic impregnation with silicone will not interfere with air exchange and at the same time will create a durable coating on the building material, which will become a reliable protection against moisture. Such a tool will not worsen the appearance of the surface.

At the same time, a water-based mixture also has a number of advantages. In particular, it improves the appearance of the processed building material, is resistant to precipitation and ultraviolet radiation, and does not affect the vapor permeability of concrete. Such solutions are easy to use and safe for the environment. However, it is important to choose the right additive depending on the type of material being processed. For example, for a wall of aerated concrete blocks, it is better to select a special tool for working on aerated concrete.

Operating principle

After application to products, the product is absorbed, solidifying inside. The capillary liquid is pushed to the surface, but the molecules can pass through the voids freely. Due to this, concrete begins to acquire a water-repellent characteristic without losing vapor permeability. It is possible to improve the hydrophobicity of a building material by combining. A high degree of moisture resistance and strength of concrete products is achieved as follows:

• increased resistance to temperature extremes;
• preventing the freezing of the liquid in the concrete structure, as well as its further spread, which leads to rupture or cracking of the material;
• strength improvement;
• increase of anticorrosive properties;
• change in the structure of the solution;
• reducing the risk of efflorescence.

There are different brands of mixes on the market that are designed to work on wet or dry material. This allows the connection of molecules in the concrete structure. The product dries in a day, while the temperature should reach 20 ° C. Before curing, the area must be protected from moisture penetration.

How to choose the best water repellent from manufacturers?

Today, a wide range of products are on sale that can increase the hydrophobicity of surfaces. One of the most popular are Aquasil, Penta, Tiprom. These brands are of high quality and at the same time sold at reasonable prices.

Aquasil

The use of the product will help reduce the absorption of liquid by foam concrete and concrete by at least ten times. At the same time, the strength of the building material increases by about thirty percent. The mixture is produced by the company of the same name. The advantages of the company's products include:

• low alkali content;
• increased fire and explosion safety;
• long service life (reapplication can be carried out at least ten years later).

Means are made in the form of concentrates, which should be diluted with water (proportions - 1:10). The average consumption of "Akvasila" is half a kilogram per square meter (it all depends on how many voids there are in the concrete). Such tools can be used for various building materials. In the manufacture of volumetric surfaces, the concentrate must be added to the liquid when creating a concrete mixture (the amount should not exceed half a percent of the mass of cement).

Tiprom

The mixture is also considered a high quality and reliable water repellent. The material does not lose its properties for ten years. Products are divided into several groups: low, medium, high degree of protection. These types of products differ from each other primarily in how deeply they penetrate the concrete. For example, there are mixtures that impregnate building materials by ten millimeters, and there are products that penetrate thirty-five millimeters. The products of this company are applied in several layers, without changing the shade of the processed material. In general, this is a fairly high-quality water repellent.

penta

The solutions produced by this brand also have different characteristics. The recent development "Penta-820" is used for processing dry and wet concrete products. The tool is ideal for walls in rooms with high humidity (for example, in basements). Some types of products are also used for volumetric thorough hydrophobization. The operational life of Penta trains reaches ten years. On average, their consumption is one liter per three to five square meters.

How to choose the right solution?

When choosing the best water repellent, you need to take into account its properties and the characteristics of the materials you plan to process. So, for aerated concrete, some types of mixtures are used, and for foam concrete, others. Experts recommend choosing silicate building materials. The use of such products allows:

• reliably protect concrete with a film;
• preserve the appearance of concrete products and structures;
• improve water repellency.

Conclusion

Concrete is a durable building material that can withstand heavy loads, the impact of external factors. However, it is exposed to liquid, which can lead to the destruction of structures. Water enters the structure of buildings and concrete products through many voids. After the liquid evaporates, stains appear on the surface, which can spoil the look of the concrete. To increase its hydrophobic properties, it is necessary to use special mixtures.

Timely and high-quality processing of products will protect structures from the negative impact of external factors that can lead to the destruction of concrete. Impregnation must be correctly selected, according to the type of material. So, for example, for the processing of aerated concrete blocks, you need to use a special water repellent.

kladembeton.ru

Overview of impregnations for concrete surfaces

Impregnation for concrete is a special composition designed to improve the properties of the material. Unlike additives that are added to the solution at the production stage, impregnating agents are designed to process an already finished concrete product.

Impregnations act exclusively on near-surface areas, without deep penetration into the structure of concrete or foam concrete. The maximum penetration depth of the impregnating compositions does not exceed 5 millimeters.

Impregnations perform several functions:

• protection of the material from destruction due to the negative impact of the external environment;
• improving the strength characteristics of the material;
• surface appearance becomes more attractive.

Varieties of impregnation

The impregnations existing on the markets are divided into several types according to their functions:

1. Dedusting. Designed to prevent the formation of dust on the coating. Usually used for the treatment of exposed concrete floors subject to high mechanical stress. Quite often similar modifiers are used for processing of the coverings located in the open air. The possibilities of dedusting compositions are not limited to dust control, since these impregnations can also increase the strength and wear resistance of concrete, as well as protect it from the harmful effects of moisture. Special additives make the surface resistant to the effects of aggressive chemicals, including fuels and lubricants. The latter quality indicates the indispensability of such compounds for processing concrete floors and walls in a garage or workshop.
2. Colored impregnation for concrete is a type of composition intended for finishing concrete. Of course, ordinary paint can also be applied to a concrete surface, but such a coating will not be durable if it is subjected to constant mechanical stress. It is much more correct in this case to use an impregnating composition, which not only strengthens the concrete, penetrating it by 2-5 millimeters, but also gives the surface the desired color. Before applying color compositions, it is recommended to treat the coating with hydrophobic impregnation.
3. Water-repellent (water-repellent) modifiers are designed to protect concrete from the negative effects of moisture. The action of the substance is based on the overlap of all pores and cracks, as a result of which moisture cannot penetrate deep into the material. In addition, moisture is repelled from the surface area of ​​the concrete. In addition to hydrophobic characteristics, water-repellent modifiers do not allow efflorescence and cracks to occur on the surface. Impregnations also increase the resistance of concrete to ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkaline compounds, fungi and mold. Hydrophobic impregnations are considered the most versatile due to their wide spectrum of action. However, if there is a need for some highly specialized qualities of concrete, it is recommended to opt for an impregnation designed to achieve the desired result.
4. Strengthening impregnation for concrete is most often an inorganic substance and is produced on the basis of potassium and sodium liquid glass. Strengthening occurs due to the penetration of the modifier to a depth of 3-3.5 millimeters and changes in the structure of the material at the molecular level, due to which the concrete acquires additional strength characteristics. As a rule, this depth is sufficient, but in some cases even deeper impregnation is required. In such a situation, one of the latest developments in the field of building materials, lithium-based impregnation, which can seep into concrete to a depth of 5 millimeters, will help. Lithium impregnations are considered universal, since when the molecular structure changes, concrete acquires hydrophobic qualities. Lithium also helps to avoid the formation of efflorescence. The drying time of the lithium modifier does not exceed 2 hours.

Classification of impregnations by composition

In terms of content, impregnations are usually divided into two types:

• organic;
• inorganic.

organic blends

Modifiers of this variety are liquid mixtures based on epoxy resins, acrylates and polyurethane. When applied to the surface, organic matter penetrates into the fine pores of the surface layer of the material, due to which the concrete acquires protective characteristics and becomes stronger. In other words, the impregnating composition acts as a primer.

Polyurethane impregnation for concrete has the most complete set of positive qualities.

Epoxy and acrylic based formulations are specialized and should only be chosen if one specific task is to be achieved, such as elasticity or hydrophobicity.

Inorganic mixtures

Modifiers based on inorganic components interact with concrete somewhat differently than organic ones. Such impregnations do not act through the pores of the material, but by reacting with external compounds of molecules from among those that can be dissolved. Subsequently, the compounds thus processed are inert and do not enter into any reactions.

As a result of impregnation with inorganic mixtures, concrete acquires all the same qualities that can be achieved with organic matter - resistance to water, strength, dust removal. The disadvantage of inorganic compounds is their high cost. Therefore, organic is more common among consumers. Also among the advantages of organic impregnations are their environmental friendliness and greater safety during use.

1. The compositions are allowed to be applied to the surface only after some time after pouring the concrete. For example, concrete impregnation "Monolith" is applied no earlier than 14 days later. The same recommendation is given by the manufacturer of Protexil.
2. At the time of application, the concrete must be dry, otherwise the reagents will not react.
3. Surface treatment should be carried out at an air temperature of 5 to 40 degrees above zero. Failure to comply with the temperature regime will adversely affect the quality of impregnation.
4. Surface treatment should not be carried out in conditions of high humidity or precipitation. If it has recently rained, you should wait until the surface is completely dry before starting work. Also, do not start impregnation of concrete in cloudy weather, when there is a risk of precipitation. The minimum period for drying the impregnated surface is 2 hours.
5. Small chips, cracks, potholes and other minor defects in concrete must be eliminated in advance by dry grinding. Please note: impregnation is intended to strengthen the material at the molecular level, but not to correct material defects.
6. The mixture can only be applied to a clean, dust-free surface.

Impregnation of concrete is not too difficult work, and it is quite possible to do it yourself. At the same time, it is important to choose the right modifier, as well as comply with the technological requirements discussed in this article.

kraska.guru

DIY hydrophobic coating - instructions!

Water is the source of life force, but excessive moisture can be extremely destructive, especially when it comes to building materials and structures. Therefore, very often, during the construction of structures, it is required to additionally impart moisture-proof properties to the structure in order to increase strength and durability and reduce possible monetary costs for repairs and the elimination of other problems.

DIY hydrophobic coating

Concrete and brick are the main building materials. Possessing a porous structure, they are able to swell due to the absorption of water by the capillaries and pores of the material, which is explained by the high water absorption (85-87%). Moisture is able to rise up from the source of its occurrence to a height of up to two meters along a concrete or brick base. Penetrating inside, water violates the salt composition of the material. And with constant moistening of the structure and its drying, white efflorescence forms on the walls, which significantly affects the strength and spoils the appearance.

Concrete and brick - the main building materials

In addition, at low temperatures, the water inside the pores of materials can increase in volume up to 8-9%, thereby creating additional pressure inside the walls of the structure. This leads to the creation of internal microcracks, and in the future - the destruction of the cladding and the formation of cracks on the outside of the building, and hence to the deterioration of thermal insulation properties.

Wet wall in the house

None of the natural materials is able to resist this, therefore, various water repellents are used to impart moisture-proof properties to materials. Concrete, brick and any natural stone should be subjected to such treatment, as they are able to absorb up to 85% of water from their surface.

Hydrophobization

What are hydrophobic agents?

There are two types of water repellent compounds:

• powders that are added to concrete and brick at the stage of their manufacture;
• liquid impregnations that treat the surfaces of already erected buildings.

The hydrophobic coating is a complex organosilicon polymer compound, less often - organic resins or metal alkyl siliconates and does not form a film on the wall surface.

Water repellent h3O Stop concentrate Neomid 5 l

The composition, penetrating a few millimeters deep into the material, evaporates from its surface and does not change the appearance of the wall, leaving a protective layer. Treating the walls of structures with such impregnations increases the ability to retain heat and durability, and provides protection from the negative effects of the environment. At the same time, water absorption is reduced by 12-19 times, which significantly reduces the likelihood of the development of fungi and mold.

Water repellent Monolith Hydro

It is important to pay attention to the fact that water repellents do not tighten cracks, therefore, in rare cases, treatment with water-repellent impregnations is impractical.

The water repellent consumption on concrete and brick walls is 250-500 ml per 1 sq.m. It is necessary to update the moisture-proof impregnation every 8-10 years.

Before using a water repellent, the surface should be thoroughly dried (rare formulations are applied to a damp surface) and cleaned. Mold, fungus, traces of grease, rust and efflorescence must be removed from the wall surface with special solutions and compounds.

Methods for applying hydrophobic impregnation

The most famous water repellents

Water repellents are classified into means of surface action or volumetric. With surface hydrophobization, the walls are treated with a brush, roller or spray gun. Volumetric is performed by pouring the solution into pre-drilled holes over the entire area of ​​the treated surface. The second treatment method is preferable, and the effect is protected until the demolition of the building, while with the first treatment method it lasts only 15-25 years.

The best known and most commonly used tools include:

Wood treatment with water-repellent impregnations

Undoubtedly, wood belongs to the category of the most commonly used materials in the construction of structures and its interior decoration due to its ease of processing, good consumer and aesthetic properties. Regardless of the quality in which wooden elements are used - as a material for the construction of a building or, among others, for finishing work, pre-treatment with special hydrophobic compounds is a prerequisite for successful and long-term operation in the future, since moisture negatively affects the tree, significantly reducing the life his service.

Exposed to moisture, the elements become more susceptible to mold, fungi and insects, which will ultimately affect the condition of the entire structure as a whole. When choosing a protective impregnation for wood, first of all, solutions with water-repellent properties should be preferred.

Hydrophobic impregnations

The range of impregnations used to protect wooden structures is quite wide. Modern manufacturers of building materials offer both narrowly focused solutions and multifunctional ones.

The first (narrowly targeted) include impregnations, the main task of which is to reliably protect wood from exposure to excessive moisture and maintain its integrity. Such impregnations can be used as an independent agent, or they can be added to the composition of special bioprimers before applying paints and varnishes. Bioprimers are applied to pre-prepared and dried wood and kept until completely dry, and only after that you can start painting or using varnish.

The group of multifunctional products includes impregnations and water-repellent solutions with various additional effects. Using these tools saves a lot of time and money.

Treated wood is more resistant to moisture, dirt and dust. What is especially important for rooms with high humidity - baths and saunas.

Assortment of impregnations for wood

Since the market for building and auxiliary materials is constantly evolving, introducing new brands to the consumer. It would be useful to mention already well-established products in this area.

Impregnation for wood

1. The most popular among hydrophobic agents today are impregnations of the Belinka brand. Their high quality and reliability they have thanks to a carefully designed composition. As a rule, the products of this manufacturer are multifunctional, which significantly saves time during repair and construction. In addition to moisture-proof properties, these impregnations protect against solar exposure, preventing fading and cracking.
2. Another well-known and no less reliable brand is Aqualazur. The range of impregnations in this series meets the highest requirements and is extremely wide. The manufacturer offers tools for both indoor and outdoor use. Impregnations do not contain toxic substances, dry quickly and are water-based.
3. Means of the Neomid series have good moisture-proof properties. Impregnations of this manufacturer create a durable waterproof layer on the surface of the wood and keep the wood from swelling. The most popular product of this brand is "Neomid Bio Color".

wood impregnation

When choosing a particular impregnation should be guided by certain principles:

• the appointment of hydrophobic impregnation;
• additional requirements for impregnation (protection against mold, fungus, UV rays, etc.);
• whether the impregnation should perform tinting properties.

This, as well as the area of ​​work carried out, will significantly affect the price, which in any case will be lower than the elimination of possible damage. The approximate consumption of hydrophobic impregnations is 200-450 ml per 1 sq.m, depending on the "texture" of the tree.

Also read on our website an article about do-it-yourself selective coating.

Video - Water repellent NEOGARD. DIY hydrophobic coating

svoimi-rykami.ru

Water repellent for concrete - impregnation composition (preparation methods)

A water repellent for concrete is a special chemical composition that allows you to provide reliable protection of any surfaces from exposure to a humid environment with the help of chemical additives or impregnations, called water repellents.

Hydrophobization allows you to form the thinnest film on the surface of the material, which prevents the penetration of moisture deep into the structure. Concrete, the operational properties of which are enhanced with the help of hydrophobic additives (or impregnations), is called hydrophobic. To understand the information, watch the video in this article.

Types of water repellents

Hydrophobic material is a type of heavy or light porous concrete. Structures made of such material are periodically in contact with a humid environment, or are constantly in water (hydraulic structures).

Hydraulic structures

The composition must meet the following requirements:

1. High adhesive strength (adhesion to the surface, moisture resistance).
2. Resistance to chemical reactions.
3. Environmental Safety.
4. Durability.

Hydrophobic Additives

Additives are single-component and complex:

• One-component water-soluble additives are added to the finished mixture, taking into account the technological requirements for the finished product.
• Complex additives are a multi-component composition that increases the hydrophobicity and regulates the setting speed of the mixture, as well as the corrosion of steel reinforcement, viscosity, plasticity and other special properties. Complex multicomponent additives are prepared and added to the mixture only at the solution units in accordance with the technological requirements for a particular brand.

Impregnation

Unlike additives, such a water-repellent composition for can be applied to the surface with your own hands at the construction site.

Impregnations prevent the oxidation of reinforcement and increase the frost resistance of the material. They create a new surface for coating - a reliable insulating layer that resists even the effects of acids and alkalis.

According to their structure, the compositions are divided into organic and inorganic compounds:

• Organic - composite compositions made on the basis of epoxy resins, acrylic or polyurethane. Such a coating provides dust removal of the surface, gives increased moisture resistance and additional strength to the product. (a photo)

• Inorganic (mineral) - hydrophobic compositions based on silicates.

The method of strengthening the structure, using silicate impregnation, is based on the occurrence of a chemical reaction between the mineral composition of the silicate composition and the molecular composition of the material. As a result of the reaction, high-strength crystalline compounds are formed in the pores, which increase the strength, wear resistance and impact strength of the surface.

A distinctive feature of the silicate variety is that it does not create a protective film on the surface that requires periodic renewal. The composition based on silicates is produced once for the entire period of operation of the structures.

Hints: – Before surface treatment, carefully read the instructions for use of the material. Silicate variants are applied to a wet surface to initiate a chemical substitution reaction in the structure. Organic - only on a well-dried base.

Preparation of concrete with hydrophobic additives

When constructing critical structures such as foundations, basement walls or basement floors of buildings, it is necessary to take seriously the protection of the surface from getting wet. To eliminate the disadvantages associated with high water absorption, hydrophobic concrete exists.

Let's consider how to make hydrophobic concrete from ordinary concrete using the example of the outer walls of a house made of aerated concrete blocks. Aerated concrete is a type of porous material, due to its cellular structure, it has low moisture resistance. As a result, external walls without additional treatment with prolonged contact with water (precipitation) quickly collapse.

Raw Material Defects

To protect the walls from moisture ingress into the structure of the material, there is an impregnation - a water repellent for aerated concrete.

Specially developed, deep-penetrating impregnations have the following advantages:

• reduce water absorption;
• increase adhesion to plaster solutions;
• environmentally safe.

Instructions for use:

1. Clean the surface of the walls from dust and adhesive residues.
2. We apply impregnation on the base of the walls with a brush or roller, and with a spray gun in case of large volumes. Avoid streaks of impregnation on the surface of the walls.
3. After applying the first layer, let the impregnation dry thoroughly. The following work on the facade of the building is allowed to be carried out one day after the end of this type of work.
4. When working with impregnation, be sure to use personal protective equipment!

The price of hydrophobic impregnations for aerated concrete depends on the functional purpose of the impregnation itself and the trademark of the manufacturer of this product.

The dream of every homeowner is to achieve the maximum safety of a capital structure and reduce the amounts that will be required for its repair. Unfortunately, this is not easy to do: modern wall materials are characterized by a high level of capillary absorption of moisture, which leads to negative consequences, expressed in a decrease in the strength of the material. In addition, salt crystals that dissolve under the influence of moisture settle on the surface of the walls, as a result of which the latter lose their decorative effect and their heat transfer qualities. Water repellents come to the rescue - impregnation for concrete and brick with a special liquid.

Brick and concrete suffer the most from the influence of excess moisture, and in fact they are the most common building materials that are used in the construction of walls. Natural stone is less susceptible to the negative effects of water.

The water absorption index of brick and concrete approaches 90%, moisture can rise to a height of about two meters through the pores of the walls, when freezing in the pores of the material, water forms a pressure above 2 t / sq. cm.

It is not difficult to assume that any of the building materials under such conditions will not be able to withstand its destructive influence: efflorescence appears on the walls, an increasing number of cracks form in the thickness of the material. All this leads to the loss of the attractiveness of the walls, the destruction of facing and wall structures.

In order to prevent the possibility of these negative phenomena, it is customary to apply the treatment of building structures with special substances, the so-called. water repellents. These compositions have complex chemical formulas, they are made on an organosilicon basis.

Application area

The advantages that the use of water repellents gives are the ability to:

• get rid of capillary suction of water and reduce water absorption;
• increase the frost-resistant characteristics of materials;
• reduce the degree of pollution of the facade during precipitation.

The positive point is the preservation of the vapor permeability of the treated surface. The essence of the treatment is the formation of a protective film that clogs the pores of the material, which eliminates the threat of efflorescence, mold and fungi on the surface of the walls.

At the same time, it should be noted that the applied solution does not create a film that is visible to the eye or sticky to the touch, provoking dust settling and sticking. Water-repellent impregnation has a guaranteed long service life, it does not contain solvents, it is environmentally friendly, explosion and fire safe.

Water repellents are universal waterproofing agents. They are used to process:

• brick walls, marble, concrete, artificial stone, cinder block, gypsum and sandstone;
• mineral wool, cement fiber surfaces, mineral paints.

It is recommended to use water repellents on dried surfaces, but modern formulations can be applied to a wet surface if it is not possible to achieve its drying. The penetration depth of the solution depends on the degree of porosity of the material, for example, for cement plaster and brick, it is approximately 10 mm.

Water repellents are an ideal tool to combat efflorescence. The reasons for the formation of this phenomenon can be water-soluble compounds contained in building materials, low-quality cement or water, violation of technology, antifreeze additives. The damage caused by efflorescence is not only in the loss of the aesthetic appearance of the walls - salt crystals, growing, lead to the destruction of the walls. After processing, the strength of the material increases by almost a quarter, its frost resistance - at times.

In the picture on the left you can see a water repellent liquid applied to a brick wall. On the right is a wall without application and water is absorbed into the surface.

It is customary to use water repellents for processing paving slabs and socles of buildings - after all, they are the most susceptible to the damaging effects of periodically freezing and thawing water. Reagent treatment will lead to a significant increase in the life of the tile and facing or decorative material. This type of waterproofing is also used as a primer.

Water repellents are recommended for the treatment of slate and ceramic tile roofs - after treatment, they will receive reliable protection against the growth of fungi, mold and moss, and therefore will look clean and attractive and retain their strength characteristics for a long time.

The water-repellent solution is able to cope with the problems of condensate settling, the reproduction of fungi and mold on the surface of walls and ceilings in rooms with high humidity, such as swimming pools, saunas, and baths.

The use of water repellents is effective for treating the facades of ancient buildings of historical value, even those whose walls have been slowly destroyed for several centuries.

Application technology

Water-repellent mixtures are quite economical products: they are not expensive, but at the same time they are concentrates, i.e. require additional dilution with water.

The solution should be applied to the cleaned surface: with the help of special solutions, efflorescence should be removed, if fungi and mold are present, the surface should be treated with antiseptics, loose plaster must also be removed, ordinary contaminants are removed with water.

The application of the water repellent is carried out in dry, warm weather. To process materials of moderate porosity, it will be enough to apply one layer of a water-repellent solution, more porous materials, for example, concrete, should be treated twice, the second treatment should be done 15 minutes after the first. Saving on impregnation is not worth it - the layer applied to the surface should give a visible shine.

Processing the facade and plinth with a water-repellent liquid will give the materials water-repellent properties for at least a decade.

The constant improvement of construction methods and the creation of innovative materials have led to the introduction of a new product on the market, allowing well-known materials to obtain improved properties. This article will talk about a concrete water repellent - an additive due to which a widely used material can become stronger, and buildings based on it more durable.
Water repellents can be safely called ideal tools for processing a wide variety of building materials. Their use allows the source material to acquire a water-repellent effect, and also allows buildings already in operation to gain reliable protection and prevent the incipient destruction of the walls.
The water repellent for concrete enters the market in pasty, liquid and powder form. What type of water repellent can be most effectively mixed with the original components to obtain the highest quality concrete? Let's try to find out.

What is a hydrophobic additive?

A hydrophobic additive or water repellent is an astringent impregnation based on components of organic origin. When a water repellent is applied to the treated surface, a dense protective film appears, reliably blocking all surface pores, as a result of which destructive moisture cannot get inside the material.
Water repellents can treat concrete surfaces of any type. In addition, the additive can be successfully used to improve the strength characteristics of tiles, artificial and natural stone, ceramic cladding, wood and other materials.

Features of the hydrophobization process

The process of concrete hydrophobization occurs at the molecular level, as a result of surface treatment with a water repellent, the material acquires new qualities, in particular:

• the process of destruction is completely stopped and its traces disappear;
• traces of corrosion disappear;
• it is impossible to apply graffiti on the treated surface, which carries a fairly simple protection against vandals;
• there is an opportunity for economical consumption of primers and paints and varnishes used for subsequent cladding;
• the vapor permeability characteristics present before the application of the water repellent are retained;
• the moisture absorption of the surface is reduced or completely disappears;
• the performance of work related to the creation of a protective waterproofing layer is greatly simplified.

Manufacturers of water repellents claim that after a single surface treatment with water repellent compounds, the surface is able to maintain the positive characteristics listed above for the next 30 years. In the case of deep impregnation, the concrete that has become hydrophobic will not change its inherent properties throughout the entire life of the structure built on its basis.
Currently, there are several varieties of water repellents on the building materials market, which differ in price. The cost of water repellents is due to the following factors:

• characteristics of the material whose surface will be processed;
• the number of newly acquired positive qualities that the material will acquire after processing;
• from the trademark and manufacturer of the water repellent.

Varieties of hydrophobization technology

Hydrophobic compounds for concrete are produced on the basis of organosilicon or silicone derivatives, due to which they can be easily dissolved both in water and in any liquid organic solvents. Based on this, the addition of water repellents to concrete can be performed either at the stage of creating a solution, or applied to the surface of an already finished structure.

Water repellent treatment - excellent protection of concrete from moisture

When buying a water repellent, each owner acquires not only a means for impregnating concrete, he becomes the owner of a chemical substance that can significantly improve the characteristics of concrete structures, breathe a "second wind" into them. Impregnation with a water repellent can be performed on the surface of already erected structures, or it can be introduced into the composition of the concrete solution at the construction stage.

As you know, there are no materials in nature that would not suffer from negative environmental influences during their service life. Not only brick suffers from moisture, cement, concrete, reinforced concrete and even, it would seem, such an eternal material as natural stone are afraid of moisture.
What additional characteristics can expand the range of positive qualities of traditional concrete with the correct use of a water repellent? First of all, it should be noted that the impregnation of the concrete surface with one of the water repellents will make it moisture resistant.
As you know, almost all currently used building materials are subject to the harmful effects of moisture. The ability of concrete or facing material to absorb moisture into the pores located on its surface leads to the fact that over time the walls of the building lose their original strength. As a result, the operational characteristics of their construction from year to year are seriously deteriorating, and the duration of the building's operation can be reduced by several times!
Analogues of natural materials, created artificially, are characterized by a higher degree of water absorption than natural materials. As a result, their destruction occurs much faster.
The use of water repellents gives the processed material a number of very important qualities that allow you to extend the life of the building, as well as get a number of additional benefits during construction:

• silicone or water-based water repellents added to the composition of the initial solution will not allow the concrete wall to delaminate in the future;
• the addition of water repellents to the initial solution improves its mobility and plasticity, which greatly facilitates the course of the working process, and also saves a certain amount of materials per unit area;
• on the surface of a concrete or brick wall treated with a water repellent, efflorescence will never occur, violating the aesthetic perception of the structure and destroying its structural elements;
• mold or fungus will never appear on the surface of the wall treated with a water repellent.

Water repellent - the solution to many problems

The hydrophobic compositions for concrete present on the modern market can be safely called a unique tool that allows you to solve many problems that arise during the construction or subsequent operation of buildings.
The basement of the building, the foundation and the underground part are most susceptible to the harmful effects of moisture. Their treatment with hydrophobic compounds will avoid the appearance of mold and fungi on the walls, as well as eliminate the need to make periodic cosmetic repairs.
As you know, the walls of buildings, which have absorbed moisture from the environment, almost completely lose their thermal insulation characteristics. Treatment with water repellents will get rid of this problem once and for all. Moreover, the introduction of hydrophobic substances into the composition of the solution during the preparation of cement and the subsequent construction of walls on its basis will save some money on the purchase of thermal insulation materials.

If there are already areas affected by mold and fungus on the walls of the premises of your home, cosmetic repairs can only lead to an improvement in their appearance. In fact, harmful microorganisms that have penetrated deep into the concrete wall will multiply regardless of whether cosmetic repairs have been carried out or not. They will slowly but surely destroy the building. To completely stop this process, it is necessary to use hydrophobizing compounds.
Another very important advantage, which is not observed in other moisture-insulating materials, is that the water repellent is able to create an insurmountable barrier in the way of moisture passage, however, at the same time, air circulation and vapor permeability of the structure will not be disturbed in any way.

Types of water repellents

The walls of the building, treated with hydrophobic compounds, are not afraid of even the heaviest snowfall or the most powerful downpour, as they are maximally protected and have the highest thermal insulation characteristics.
Currently, a wide variety of hydrophobic compositions can be found on the building materials market - these are concentrated mixtures that must be brought to readiness by mixing with ordinary water in certain proportions, ready-to-use compositions, as well as dry mixtures in which you need to add a solvent.
There are a very large number of types of hydrophobic mixtures on the market, thanks to which it is possible to successfully treat surfaces based on the following materials:

• reinforced concrete structures and concrete;
• limestone and cement;
• plaster and brick;
• natural and artificial stone;
• facing and;
• plaster surfaces;
• wood surfaces.

Regardless of the types of existing water repellents, they can be divided into two types:

• water-based products;
• silicone based products.

It is these components that play an important role in choosing a water repellent to perform a particular task.
So, we smoothly approached the answer to the question posed in the title of this article: “ What is the best water repellent for concrete? »
Experts clearly answer the question. They say with full confidence that the silicone-based water repellent is the leader in terms of its characteristics and popularity. Silicone-based hydrophobic mixtures will not become an obstacle to air exchange, while they will create a strong film on the surface of the processed material, which will be an insurmountable barrier to moisture. Only a silicone water repellent will not cause changes in the appearance of the treated surface.
At the same time, it is very important that the type of hydrophobic composition is correctly selected for the treated surface. For example, for masonry from aerated concrete blocks, a water repellent for aerated concrete should be chosen.