The drug for alcoholism in tablets. Pills for alcoholism. Formation of a negative conditioned reflex

Good afternoon! Let's talk about what drugs are for alcoholism. Do you know if there are pills for alcohol that cause disgust for him? It's good, isn't it? He gave a “magic” pill, and the person became a teetotaler forever.

I think that you will not argue with me: every alcoholic is sure that he can easily stop drinking at any time he wants. But something prevents him, and the hand again and again reaches for the bottle. In fact, a pathological craving for drinking is not at all the same as Friday gatherings with friends, and willpower alone is not enough to treat it. Modern medicine has a fairly large arsenal of tools to cope with alcoholism. All of them have their own characteristics and limitations for use. Let's figure it out.

It is believed that the human subconscious does not perceive the “not” particle, therefore it is impossible to force the patient not to drink, but it is possible to create conditions in which he can do something else.
The basis of the treatment of alcoholism is the motivation of the patient.

All drugs that exist today can help form a negative attitude towards alcohol only if the patient is determined to stop drinking. Therefore, experts recommend combining pills for alcoholism with psychotherapy.
Its goal is to form and maintain the patient's attitude to a sober life, the correct setting of priorities. Ultimately, the patient should be motivated to drink.
The second basic principle is working with the patient's environment. It must be carried out in two directions - to remove the alcoholic from his drinking environment, which supports his attraction to alcohol and work with sober relatives - the patient must feel healthy and loved among them. Lack of understanding from relatives may again push him to the bottle. The second aspect is even more important than "saving" the patient from the drinking company. Relatives should be explained that it is necessary to support the patient on his way to a sober life, and also that he should never be offered alcohol, including on holidays.
Thirdly, it is necessary to form in the patient a complete aversion to alcohol. In such a situation, there can be no talk of a drinking culture, since the effectiveness of treatment depends on the patient's self-control. The slightest gap in it can lead to the fact that all the efforts of the patient and his relatives will go to waste. If the patient's relatives who live with him decide to give up alcohol out of solidarity, this is a commendable aspiration. The less alcohol the patient sees, the easier it is for him to control himself.
The fourth and most important principle is social rehabilitation and change in the patient's habitual way of life. One of the conditions that provoke and support the development of alcoholism is the lack of leisure. A person who does not know what to do in the evening or weekend, except for drinking, can become an alcoholic if there is a genetic predisposition. And with already formed alcoholism, the presence of stable leisure with drinking supports the further development of the disease.

As can be seen from the above, pharmacotherapy is only a small part of the treatment of alcoholism. It is aimed at forming a patient's negative attitude towards alcohol with the help of conditioned reactions to its acceptance.

The most important thing that is needed for the formation of a conditioned reflex is for the patient to associate alcohol consumption with a deterioration in his well-being, so pills added to food secretly from the patient will not bring an effect. However, they are an important early treatment.

The active substance of this drug is disulfiram. It interferes with the metabolism of alcohol and blocks the enzyme acetaldehyde genase, which converts the toxic metabolite of alcohol, acetaldehyde, into easily excreted substances. As a result, after taking alcohol, acetaldehyde accumulates in the body and is extremely slowly excreted. This leads to a sharp deterioration in well-being after alcohol, headache, tachycardia, nausea.

In fact, Esperal enhances and prolongs the manifestations of a hangover. Against the background of treatment with Esperal, even small doses of alcohol cause a strong reaction, and gradually the patient develops aversion to alcohol.
Esperal is available in the form of tablets and gel for subcutaneous implantation.

Esperal tablets contain 500 mg of active ingredient. They must be used in the morning with meals every day, the dose of the drug is gradually reduced. The course of treatment lasts up to 7 days, then Esperal is taken at a maintenance dose for several years.

Esperal gel is used to create subcutaneous implants. It eliminates the need to take pills, the active substance is gradually absorbed from under the skin. The implant is valid for up to five years.

The purpose of Esperal's appointment is to create a negative attitude towards alcohol. With the simultaneous intake of two incompatible substances, a headache, nausea, vomiting, and impaired coordination of movements appear. The resulting discomfort is the basis of the therapeutic effect of Esperal. When taking it, it is important that the patient associates them with alcohol, and not with something else.

Side effects of Esperal: metallic taste in the mouth, which can be from slight to pronounced, which can cause vomiting. Esperal has a negative effect on the nervous system, and can contribute to impaired hearing, vision, sensitivity, memory and attention. Optic neuritis can be a serious complication of treatment. It can also be dangerous for the development of hepatitis and polyneuritis, as well as psychosis.

The combined use of Esperal and alcohol can be complicated by an attack of angina, heart rhythm disturbances, a drop in blood pressure, and life-threatening disorders in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems - ventricular fibrillation and pulmonary edema. Together with other antialcoholic drugs, it can contribute to the development of toxic hepatitis.

Esperal should not be used in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal failure, hepatitis of various origins, mental illness and convulsive syndromes. It is not prescribed during pregnancy and lactation, since its teratogenic effect is well established. To avoid overdose and reduce the likelihood of side effects, you must carefully read the instructions before use and follow the doctor's recommendations.

Although the drug should be dispensed only by prescription, in fact it can be purchased freely at any pharmacy.

Antabuse is an analogue of Esperal in terms of the active substance - it contains disulfiram in the same way and causes symptoms of intoxication in combination with alcohol.

Its difference from Esperal is that it is available in the form of effervescent tablets containing 200 or 400 mg of active ingredient. This allows you to reach the therapeutic concentration of the drug in the blood much faster.
The regimen of administration is the same as that of Esperal - starting with 400 mg, then the dosage is reduced.

It is necessary that the patient clearly connects his condition and the intake of alcohol.

An indicator of the effectiveness of treatment is the disulfiram-alcohol test - the simultaneous intake of large doses of Antabuse and alcohol. If there is a pronounced negative reaction, then the desired effect has been achieved. This test can be done in a hospital or outpatient setting.

Antabuse enters into drug interaction reactions with other drugs - how and with what exactly, is indicated in its instructions for use. It should be remembered that alcohol-containing drugs should not be used during treatment with Antabuse. This drug should not be used in case of hypersensitivity to its components, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy and lactation.

From pharmacies should be dispensed strictly by prescription.

Teturam - instructions for use

Also, like the two previous drugs, it contains disulfiram, but its dosage in one tablet is reduced - 150 mg.

It is designed to prevent relapse in chronic alcoholism. It is also used as a detoxifying agent for alcohol poisoning. For effective treatment, it is necessary that the patient associate the deterioration of well-being precisely with alcohol - then a persistent aversion to alcohol is formed.

Teturam is available as tablets and powder for oral suspension. The advantages of the powder form are much greater bioavailability.

After a week of treatment, an alcohol test is performed to evaluate its effectiveness. The presence of a violent negative reaction to alcohol is a sign of successful treatment.

Like all other drugs based on disulfiram, Teturam is dangerous and has a negative effect on the nervous system, kidneys and liver, and when taken with alcohol, it can cause life-threatening disorders in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Teturam should be sold in pharmacies strictly by prescription.

It is not prescribed for pregnant and lactating women, as well as people suffering from severe metabolic diseases, liver or kidney failure, mental illness. It is also contraindicated in glaucoma, neuritis, stomach ulcers and exacerbation of gastritis.

With an overdose of Teturam, a sharp increase in side effects occurs. The appearance during the reception of unpleasant sensations and feelings of numbness on the face and limbs, decreased vision, psycho-emotional disorders should be the reason for discontinuing the drug, but this should be done only after consulting a doctor.

Prescribing pills for alcoholism that cause disgust

Now you know what drugs for alcoholism are. As can be seen from the descriptions, the main component of anti-alcohol drugs - disulfiram - is effective due to the fact that it causes a sharp deterioration in well-being in combination with alcohol.

However, these drugs are dangerous both on their own and in combination with alcohol. In addition, their drug interactions are quite complicated - they all enhance the effect of anticoagulants, causing a risk of bleeding, can cause psychosis, change the effectiveness of antipsychotics. All this together significantly limits the use of anti-alcohol drugs.

The prescription of pharmacotherapy is an attempt to correct the patient's behavior if psychotherapy is not enough. They are also used to enhance its effect.

For a sustainable result, it is necessary that the patient realizes that the deterioration of his well-being is caused precisely by alcohol, and not by something else, that his condition does not depend on the quality of the drink and other factors. That is why he needs to know that he is taking a drug that causes rejection of alcohol.

Remember: drugs should not be given secretly from the patient - in this case, the appearance of a negative reaction to alcohol can be attributed to any external factors, and the likelihood of achieving a therapeutic effect becomes extremely small. I know from practice that often despairing relatives add or pour pills or drops from alcoholism into food, trying to treat the patient without his knowledge. It is unacceptable!

I very often used Kolme drops in my medical practice. I know that many wives poured them into the food of drunkards - husbands, because this medicine has no taste. Unfortunately, today it is impossible to buy drops of "Kolme", they say, there is only in Ukraine. But you don't have to get upset. An analogue of Kolma appeared - Mizo's drug for alcoholism. I like him even more. Read all the details about Mizo.

I am skeptical about homeopathic remedies, such as cheap pills for alcoholism "ProProTen-100", which supposedly reduce the craving for alcohol. I did not observe a good effect in my practice.

It is dangerous to use pills for the treatment of alcoholism without consulting a doctor, since only a specialist can take into account all possible side effects, possible benefits and harms from treatment.

Watch this interesting video on our topic:

In addition to anti-alcohol drugs, other means are also used to protect the body from the harmful effects of alcohol.

These are hepatoprotectors (Essentiale, Legalon) - drugs for protecting and restoring liver tissue, which are always prescribed in the treatment of alcoholism. In addition to them, drugs are also used for other diseases that the patient suffers from - antiarrhythmic, normalizing blood pressure, cardiac glycosides. They are necessary in order to restore the body after many years of hard drinking and return to relatively good health.

But we will talk about this next time. Now you know what modern alcohol pills are.

Treatment of alcoholism should be carried out in a complex and combine drugs for alcohol dependence and methods of psychotherapy. To date, many drugs have been developed that act on the patient's body and eliminate cravings for alcohol. There is no single cure for alcoholism that helps with all stages of the disease. The intake of drugs depends on the tolerance of the organism, the stage of alcohol dependence, the presence of diseases and pathologies in the patient.

There are several stages of treatment with drugs for alcohol dependence:

to eliminate pain from a hangover syndrome;
reduced craving for alcohol;
treatment of mental disorders on the background of the disease;
removal of alcohol intoxication.

Drugs for alcohol dependence can be used in the form of tablets, injections, drops, for hemming and cleansing the body with a dropper when intoxicated. They can be used without the knowledge of the patient, which simplifies the treatment process in most cases. However, treatment should be comprehensive and under the supervision of a physician, preferably in the clinic.

Drugs for alcoholism can be used independently at home, but you must first consult a doctor, as they have a number of contraindications. All drugs for coding for alcoholism are divided into 2 groups:

disulfiram and cyanamide preparations blocking the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and lead to severe poisoning, which causes an aversion to alcohol;
systemic drugs, reducing cravings for drinking, by influencing the main metabolic processes in the body.

Preparations for alcohol intoxication help cleanse the body of toxins and improve the patient's condition with a hangover. These include Alkoseltzer (Alka-Seltzer), aspirin, glycine, and limontar. They quickly cleanse the blood of the decay products of ethanol, remove it from the body. This improves the patient's well-being, so there is no need to get drunk. However, they do not cure alcoholism, but only alleviate the symptoms.

What codes for alcoholism? This group of drugs includes drugs with the substance disulfiram and teturam. They can be injected under the skin as an injection, taken as tablets and drops, sewn under the skin. Over a certain period, substances accumulate in the body that block the action of enzymes and cause the patient to aversion to alcohol.

The most effective drugs

Almost all drugs, antidepressants, analeptics, tranquilizers that are used to treat mental disorders in alcoholism can only be bought with a prescription from a psychotherapist, so it is important to take the patient for a consultation with a specialist. Below are the most common and effective medications for alcoholism and their names.

Colme

Esperal

Currently, many psychotherapists use antidepressant Cipramil. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that has a strong antidepressant effect, eliminates anxiety, insomnia and reduces cravings for alcohol. It is prescribed by a doctor and can only be used with his prescription.

The effectiveness of drugs for the treatment of alcoholism

Effective treatment of alcoholism can only be complex. Drugs for the treatment of alcohol dependence have only a temporary effect. After the completed course, the patient begins to drink again and even more. If the use of drugs is carried out without the knowledge of the patient, severe health complications and dangerous conditions, up to and including death, may occur. An incorrectly calculated rate of medication and drinking alcohol can lead to the death of the patient. To exclude such cases, it is necessary to persuade the patient to undergo complex therapy.

Drugs for alcohol dependence used in the early stages of treatment to cleanse the body of toxins, cause aversion in the patient to alcohol, weaken the feeling of pleasure from drinking alcohol. Then the work of a psychotherapist is required. It helps the patient to gradually realize the cause of binges, to exclude new relapses, and returns the person to a sober lifestyle.

The patient must definitely undergo a course of psycho-physiotherapy so that the treatment brings results. All of the above recommendations are a working option in the case when the patient can no longer fight alcohol cravings on his own. However, there are many intermediate states where the addiction has not yet taken root, and the patient's willpower can be an effective tool.

For such patients, in addition to the psychological support of loved ones, help in the physiological plan will also be important. For example, the use of drops without the knowledge of the patient. Most of these drugs are absolutely harmless - if taken correctly and following the instructions. Having an imperceptible effect on the body, they can also become a means of increasing psychological stability. And this is already 50% success.

Chronic alcoholism is one of the diseases in which it is not the patient himself who wants to recover, but his relatives and others. To save a loved one from addiction, relatives are ready to give life-saving pills for alcohol addiction without the knowledge of the patient. Narcologists are convinced that drugs for alcoholism are effective only if the patient is aware of his illness and actively participates in the treatment process.

The lack of a complete understanding of the neurochemical mechanisms of the formation of alcohol dependence is the reason for the lack of special means that completely suppress this attraction. The State Pharmacopoeia allows you to choose for a complex therapeutic effect of a group of medicines aimed at reducing cravings for alcoholic beverages and causing disgust from taking alcohol in any form.

The first group of drugs aims to induce an aversion to alcohol. It has 2 subgroups:

drugs that have the ability to induce vomiting;
inhibitors of enzymes involved in the metabolism of ethanol.

The second group sets the task to reduce cravings for alcoholic beverages.

The third group does not have a therapeutic effect in chronic alcoholism, but facilitates the hangover syndrome.

The fourth group is used to treat mental disorders that have arisen against the background of prolonged alcoholism.

The fifth group reduces the pharmacological effect and metabolic disorders while taking ethanol.

The doctor prescribing treatment takes into account the stage of chronic alcoholism and the patient's state of health, the results of the examination and laboratory tests. Treatment, as a rule, is complex and, in addition to the narcologist, other specialists are involved in the process - a psychotherapist, hypnologist, cardiologist, gastroenterologist, neuropathologist and others.

Most drugs for the treatment of alcohol dependence are prescribed as outpatients or at home.

As a rule, before the start of treatment, the patient must withstand a light interval - the refusal of alcohol for at least 12 - 24 hours.

Drugs that cause aversion to alcohol

In the last century, in the absence of a choice of drugs for the treatment of chronic alcoholism, the tactics of developing a conditioned reflex in the form of vomiting to alcohol intake were used. The applied technique was as follows. The patient received a subcutaneous injection of Apomorphine at a dose of up to 1 ml, after a few minutes he was asked to sniff ethanol. When nausea appeared, he was given 30-50 ml of ethanol to drink, after which vomiting occurred. Such a session was carried out in the hospital twice a day. After 25-30 sessions, the patient developed a negative conditioned reflex to ethanol. Currently, this injection for alcoholism is not used.

In the subgroup of inhibitors of enzymes that ensure the metabolism of ethanol, the leading place is occupied by Disulfiram and its substitutes.

In this subgroup are such tools as:

Torpedo;
Tetlong -250;

The principle of action is that the active substance Disulfiram blocks the action of the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. As a result, ethanol is not broken down to acetate (acetic acid), but remains in the form of a toxic compound of acetaldehyde. It is with him that a serious condition is associated after an active libation. Cell membranes are damaged, since acetaldehyde is even more toxic to the body than alcohol itself. All organ systems suffer - digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, but the nervous system and brain receive the greatest harm.

Narcologists know that if, while taking drugs containing Disulfiram, ethanol taken even in a small amount causes the so-called disulfiramethanol reaction. It is manifested by a sharp deterioration in well-being, the appearance of a feeling of panic, fear of death. At the same time, the patient develops palpitations, shortness of breath, trembling of the hands, nausea, vomiting, the attack is accompanied by a rush of blood to the face and neck.

The disadvantage of this group of drugs is a significant list of contraindications, most of which are characteristic of patients with chronic alcoholism. Among them:

atherosclerosis and cardiosclerosis, a history of stroke;
asthma and tuberculosis;
diabetes mellitus and thyrotoxicosis;
neuritis of the optic and auditory nerve, glaucoma;
peptic ulcer, kidney and liver damage;
older patients over 60 years of age.

Adverse reactions often occur in the form of polyneuritis, rarely hepatitis. Reduces side effects of ascorbic acid.

During treatment, you can not drink alcohol, because of the risk of developing a disulfiram-ethanol reaction.

There are not only pills for alcoholism. Coding was previously performed with Torpedo, an injection was given intravenously for alcoholism, after which a dose of alcohol was given, followed by a negative reaction. At the same time, an installation was given to refuse alcohol. Sometimes other drugs or placebos are used under the Torpedo brand.

Esperal - an injection is made into the muscle under the shoulder blade. The drug is administered in the form of a gel and lasts longer than six months. Prior to the administration of the drug, the patient signs an agreement that he has been warned about the prohibition of alcohol.

Teturam is available in the form of tablets of 2 types:

for internal intake through the mouth;
for subcutaneous or interfascial suturing.

Torpedo, Esperal, Teturam are used as drugs for coding for alcoholism.

Antabuse - all the same disulfiram at a dose of 200 or 400 mg is contained in effervescent tablets.

Tetlong-250 is a 1 ml ampoules containing 250 mg of disulfiram. An injection for alcoholism is given when the patient is on his stomach, slowly, once a month, for a course of 10-12 injections. Only a medical worker for the purpose and under the supervision of a narcologist has the right to perform an injection. Before the injection, the patient signs a reasoned refusal to drink alcohol.

Lidevin - tablets for alcoholism with the same active ingredient, at a dosage of 500 mg. In addition, they contain vitamins B3 and B4 to support the nervous system during treatment.

A similar mechanism of action, but the difference in composition is with Colme. It is based on cyanamide, which also blocks acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, increasing the level of acetaldehyde in the blood, with all the ensuing consequences. The package contains ampoules and a dropper dispenser for oral administration.

All these means can be used only as prescribed by the doctor when the patient decides to get rid of drunkenness. Giving drugs for alcoholism based on and cyanamide without the knowledge of the patient, pouring it into food or drink is not only not recommended, but strictly prohibited, since alcohol intake against the background of such "secret" therapy can cause fatal complications.

Koprinol is a dietary supplement based on a dung beetle plant containing disulfiram. There is no official registration, reviews are contradictory, clinical approbation is not presented.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol

Among this group of drugs, the most famous are:

Acamprosate;

Acamprosate, a drug known abroad, is not officially registered in Russia, but it can be purchased through foreign pharmacies at an expensive price, about 150 euros per pack.

Based on calcium acetyl homotaurinate. It restores the balance of chemicals disturbed by ethanol and the sensitivity of receptors. The effect of the drug has not yet been studied, but it has been established that its use in combination with psychotherapeutic effects reduces cravings for alcohol due to the neuroprotective effect and neutralization of free radicals. The drug is combined in simultaneous administration with antidepressants and analogues of Disulfiram. You can start taking pills after detoxification therapy, after eliminating the withdrawal syndrome and getting out of binge.

Acamprosate is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women, people with severe kidney and liver disease, with withdrawal symptoms, hypersensitivity and over the age of 65 years.

The course of treatment is about a year, the number of tablets taken depends on the weight, they are taken 3 times a day.

Side effects are possible from any organs and systems:

CNS (fatigue, headache, depression, hearing loss, fainting);
respiratory (cough, asthma attacks, rhinitis, bronchitis);
sexual dysfunction;
digestive (nausea, vomiting, flatulence, dry mouth).

Alcohol intake during treatment is prohibited.

Selincro is a new drug from a Danish company, approved for use in Russia, but not yet available in pharmacies. Imported from abroad at a price of over 300 euros.

The basis of the drug is nalmefin, which blocks the activity of opioid receptors, which, when taking alcohol, are actively involved in heavily produced opioids, resulting in increased dependence. Accumulating in the body, it gives the effect of the absence of euphoria from drinking alcohol and the craving for drinking weakens. At the same time, alcohol consumption is not prohibited against the background of treatment, a person has the opportunity to control the dose of the strong drink he drinks. Moreover, it is permissible to take the drug on the days of the alleged active libation.

Selincro is sold in tablets, in ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous injections and in suppositories. The course of treatment is signed by the doctor according to an individual scheme and lasts from 6 to 12 months. Already from the first doses, the dose of alcohol is halved, in the future, a mug of beer is enough for a person to satisfy the need for alcohol. Selincro treatment should be accompanied by a psychotherapeutic effect on the patient in order to achieve the best effect.

The drug is not without contraindications and side effects similar to other anti-alcohol drugs.

An analogue of Selincro is Vivitrol, a powder based on naltrexone, from which a suspension is prepared for intramuscular administration. The injection is performed once a month. The cost of 1 injection of Vivitrol is within 18500-19000 rubles. Side effects include suicidal tendencies.

Hangover medications

This group of drugs does not have a therapeutic effect in chronic alcoholism, these are symptomatic drugs used to relieve hangover. These include:

Metadoxine;
Biotredin;
Medichronal;
Alka-Seltzer.

Proproten-100 supports the ability of specific proteins to ensure the interaction of informational and metabolic processes in the brain structures involved in the formation of alcohol dependence, increases the brain's resistance to hypoxia and toxic effects. The drug is available in drops, which are sold in pharmacies without a prescription.

With a hangover of mild and moderate severity, it reduces psychopathological and somatovegetative phenomena, such as anxiety, irritability, insomnia, mood swings, nausea, tachycardia, weakness, sweating. 10 cap. the drug is dissolved in Art. a spoonful of water and take every half hour for 2 hours, then reducing the dose. In addition to pregnant and lactating women, it is not recommended for people with idiosyncrasy.

Metadoxine increases the detoxification properties of the liver, accelerating the metabolism of ethanol to non-toxic products, reduces the hangover relief time, and has an antidepressant and anxiolytic effect.

Metadoxine is available in tablets and ampoules. It should be used with caution in people suffering from bronchial asthma, as well as in pregnant and lactating women. With a severe degree of withdrawal symptoms, it is administered intravenously.

Carbamisepine at a dose of 200 mg 3 times a day in combination with other drugs can treat withdrawal symptoms. The drug belongs to anticonvulsants. It is used as monotherapy for epilepsy. This is a prescription drug with contraindications.

Biotrendin - sublingual tablets of threonine and vitamin B6, which, when combined, turn into glycine and endogenous acetaldehyde, due to which the effect of improving mood, relieving psycho-emotional stress, and reducing hangover is achieved. The action begins 10-20 minutes after ingestion.

Medichronal - bags with granules of glucose and glycine, they are diluted in water or non-carbonated drink. The drug has a detoxifying effect, increases the efficiency of the brain, reduces the load on the liver. Medichronal, taken before drinking alcohol, reduces the degree of intoxication.
The drug is not prescribed to patients with diabetes mellitus, arterial hypotension and idiosyncrasy to glycine.

Do not use simultaneously with preparations based on.

Analogue of Medichronal -. Tablets are placed under the tongue or on the cheek until resorption.
Alka-Seltzer effervescent tablets consist of acetylsalicylic acid, citric acid and soda. They help eliminate headaches after drinking alcohol.

It is impossible to treat alcoholism without the knowledge of the patient, but it is quite possible to give some drugs to get out of a hangover.

Means for the treatment of mental disorders after prolonged alcoholism

The arsenal of psychotropic, sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, anxiolytics is quite large.

Afabazol is intended to relieve anxiety, which is inherent in patients suffering from chronic alcoholism. Sleep improves, the feeling of fear and tension decreases, tearfulness and anxiety decrease. It does not have a cumulative effect, it is quickly excreted from the body. When used together with Diazepam, the sedative effects are mutually reinforcing. When interacting with Carbamazepine, the anticonvulsant effect of the latter is enhanced.

Particular attention is paid to the treatment of alcoholic delirium. The drug of choice is Clomethiazole, unfortunately unregistered in Russia. In our country, a group of benzodiazepines is used to boil delirium - Diazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, Midazolam. Their disadvantage is respiratory depression and an increased risk of aspiration.

In severe cases, combined administration of benzodiazepines and Haloperidol or Droperidol into a vein is used. Manipulations are carried out only in the ICU. Additional anticonvulsant therapy is carried out with Hydantoin or barbiturates. successfully copes with convulsions in the initial stage of delirium, is effective in relieving psychotic syndrome.

Sympathetic hyperactivity, increased blood pressure is also removed by alpha-blockers.

It must be remembered that the development of alcoholic delirium can be fatal, therefore, measures should be taken to hospitalize the patient as soon as possible in the intensive care unit.

Means that reduce the strength of the pharmacological effect of ethanol

Before the proposed feast, it is recommended to take olive oil, enterosorbents (Enterosgel, Polysorb). In the process of using ethanol, it is desirable to use choleretic agents (Allohol), pancreatic enzymes (Mezim, Pancreatin, Festal), hepatoprotectors (Essentiale Forte), and metabolism-improving agents (, Thiamine). Eating, drinking plenty of water reduces the effect of ethanol.
In acute alcohol poisoning, infusion therapy is performed.

The information presented allows us to make sure that the treatment of alcoholism is not a hopeless case. It is important not to start the treatment of alcoholism without the knowledge of the patient, but to convince him to contact the Narcological Center, where specialist doctors will select a treatment regimen and prescribe complex therapy.

In contact with

Drugs for the treatment of alcoholism are produced by pharmaceutical companies in various forms: tablets, ampoules, gels, etc. But the most common form of such drugs are drops. Often, relatives do not know how to save a loved one from drunkenness - many do not recognize addiction and refuse to go to the clinic. The only remedy is home treatment. Drops from alcoholism can be used secretly from the patient, pouring them into drinks. Before starting such treatment, you need to consult a doctor, as many drugs have contraindications.

Drops are a liquid solution poured into glass containers for oral administration. As a rule, it is colorless, often has no aroma, which is very convenient for use in secret from the patient. Some products have a strong odor, as the manufacturer warns about in the instructions.

Drops from alcohol addiction can be divided into two main groups: causing intolerance to ethyl alcohol and reducing craving for strong drinks. Their mechanism of action is different.

Means of the first group show good results. People who use them often completely give up alcohol. Therefore, they are considered effective. Basically, they are used to treat patients with a severe form of the disease (at stages 2-3).

The action of drugs of the second group is softer and more gentle for the body. Therefore, it is preferable to use them in anti-alcohol therapy. As a result, they have a more long-term effect than the funds from the first group. In the West, these funds are widely used, much more than in our country.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol show a stable result in cases where the patient himself seeks to eliminate addiction. Doctors recognize that this factor plays an important role in the treatment of chronic heavy drinking.

Composition, action

Drops for anti-alcohol therapy are chemical and based on natural ingredients. The former contain substances such as cyanamide, disulfiram and their analogues. The latter consist of natural elements such as extracts of herbs, Coprinus mushroom, succinic acid, etc. Additional items may include:

distilled water;
vitamins;
minerals;
acetic acid;
bioflavonoids;
other excipients.

Drops from drunkenness act on the body in different ways. After taking drugs that cause an aversion to alcohol, the patient begins severe nausea and vomiting. Additional symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, weakness, etc. As a result, a person, suffering from constant ailments, stops drinking.

The disadvantage of these funds is that when the drug is canceled, a person can return to alcohol again. Therefore, doctors consider the psychological impact on a person to be an important factor in anti-alcohol therapy. Relatives should indicate to the patient the need to return to normal life and become healthy. During the refusal of alcohol, it is necessary to support the patient in every possible way so that a relapse does not recur later.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol have a gentle effect on the body. A person does not feel discomfort when taking them. Many of these drops are dietary supplements. Because of this, such drugs are not considered by experts as highly effective and are recommended as additional measures.

In fact, these are also effective means, since they gradually wean the body of a drunkard from ethanol. Drugs that reduce the need for alcohol have a cumulative effect. As a result of treatment, a person feels that he no longer wants to take alcohol and considers this his own decision.

Principle of operation

To understand how drops from alcoholism affect the patient's condition, consider the mechanism of action in more detail. Aversive therapy is widely used in the treatment of addiction. The method is to make a person get unpleasant sensations from a bad habit. This method is also used in narcology.

As a result of treatment, associations that the brain perceives as negative are fixed in the mind. In the future, the patient will try to prevent any actions that cause undesirable consequences. It happens automatically, on a subconscious level.

This method is based on the principle of disulfiram. When ethanol enters the body, it is processed by the liver into acetaldehyde. It is converted into acetic acid, which, under the action of special enzymes, decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. These substances, harmless to humans, are freely removed from the system. These are normal reactions in a healthy body.

Disulfiram and its analogues block the work of the enzyme that breaks down acetate. Due to this, acetic acid does not break down, but accumulates in the blood of an alcoholic, causing severe poisoning. He starts vomiting, indigestion, dizziness.

With the repeated repetition of such symptoms, an association is formed in the brain that connects the use of vodka with serious consequences. A person, regularly suffering from a deterioration in health, quits drinking. The same method is used in coding, when an ampoule with a chemical substance is sewn into the patient's body.

The action of sparing medicines is based on another principle - homeopathy. They may contain vitamins and minerals that are lacking in the body of an alcoholic. Ethanol destroys valuable substances necessary for the system to function. Therefore, people who drink heavily become depleted and deficient in vitamins.

With the help of drops on plant components, the substances needed by the body are replenished. The patient feels much better, depression disappears, craving for alcohol decreases.

A new development are drugs that act on opioid receptors. The active elements of such drugs block the part of the brain that is responsible for obtaining pleasure while drinking alcohol. As a result, addiction disappears, stress decreases.

Indications for use

Anti-alcohol drugs in drops can be taken at all stages of the disease. They give the best effect at the stage when the dependence has not yet developed much. Before starting treatment, you should consult with your doctor. He will help you choose the remedy and prescribe the regimen.

alcohol addiction therapy;
preventive measures to prevent exacerbation;
relief from drunkenness.

Drugs that reduce cravings for alcohol can be used as adjuvant therapy, in combination with primary medications. Herbal remedies tend to work well with other drug categories.

Contraindications

Uncontrolled intake of anti-alcohol drugs is prohibited. Most medicines cannot be used in the presence of certain diseases.

Even homeopathic remedies based on herbal ingredients have contraindications. If used carelessly, the patient can be harmed.

The list of diseases for which certain drops cannot be taken can be found in the instructions for them. It may vary depending on the ingredients. However, there is a list of pathologies common to all remedies for drunkenness:

diabetes;
bronchial asthma;
damage to the vessels of the brain;
the second and third stages of tuberculosis;

peptic ulcers of the stomach and intestines;
severe mental disorders;
intolerance to any component of the drug.

How to use

Most people want to wean their loved ones from drinking as quickly as possible, so they are interested in which drug is the most powerful and how much it needs to be taken to be cured. It has been proven that the effectiveness of therapy largely depends on the desire of the patient to get rid of the bad habit.

Many alcoholics do not realize that they are sick, which is why families have to carry out treatment without their knowledge. It is necessary to choose a solution that is tasteless and odorless so that it can be freely poured into food or drinks. The dosage is indicated in the instructions, usually a few drops.

When the patient begins to eat, after a while he will become ill (will vomit, etc.). This is a normal reaction to these drugs. It is necessary to give drops daily, without stopping treatment. Otherwise, the patient will not stop drinking strong alcohol. The course can take up to three months.

There are compounds that cannot be added to vodka, as they cause severe poisoning. The manufacturer separately indicates compatibility with ethanol in the instructions.

Overview of funds

Pharmaceutics has a variety of anti-alcohol drugs that can be bought inexpensively at a pharmacy. The most popular are the following drops against chronic alcoholism:

Colme;
Lavital;
Koprinol;
Stopethyl;
Proproten-100;
Alcobarrier.

Colme

These drops for drunken alcoholics are very popular, as they are considered one of the most powerful drugs for drunkenness. The main active ingredient is cyanamide. It inhibits the breakdown of ethanol in the liver, causing intoxication. A few drops of the remedy are enough for the alcoholic to become ill and begin to vomit.

Cyanamide acts much faster than disulfiram. Symptoms appear as early as 45 minutes after taking the medicine. In addition to nausea and vomiting, the patient has:

a strong rush of blood to the face;
heaviness in the chest;
excessive sweating;
partial loss of vision.

Also, the patient has a panic fear, increased anxiety. The duration of symptoms is reduced compared to disulfiram-based drugs. Here the withdrawal period is 10-12 hours. When using Colme, the risk of deep fainting in a patient is reduced to almost zero, which is a plus.

The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of alcohol consumed. With a small amount of ethanol in the blood, the addict has an upset stomach, headaches. It is recommended to use these drops to remove a person from a long drinking bout, with severe chronic alcoholism.

The product has no taste and smell, which makes it convenient to treat without the knowledge of the patient. The solution is poured 10-25 drops into food or drink twice a day. The duration of therapy is 90 days.

The price for a package of Colme can reach up to 4,500 rubles. One box contains 4 ampoules with a solution, 15 ml each. The set is supplied with a dispenser with a pipette. You can buy one ampoule, which will cost about 1100-1200 rubles.

Koprinol

This tool consists of natural ingredients, so it is often referred to as dietary supplements. In fact, it is very effective due to the presence of Koprinus mushroom extract. This is a natural substance that inhibits the breakdown of ethanol in the blood.

Mushroom extract is a strong allergen! Therefore, before giving the drug to an alcoholic, you should make sure that he is not allergic to coprinus.

After taking the medicine regularly, even in chronic drunkards, a steady aversion to alcohol is created. Many people can't even stand the smell of alcohol afterwards.

Coprinol contains:

vitamin complex;
minerals;
extract of coprinus;
polyunsaturated acids;
succinic acid.

The last element also forms ethanol intolerance, so it enhances the action of Koprinus. An important property of drops is their absence of color and smell. The medicine can be put in any food and liquid. The tool is quite expensive - its price is about 10,000 rubles.

Propropten-100

Drops are drugs that reduce alcohol dependence. They are recommended to be used in combination with other medicines. The active element is antibodies to the protein substance S-100. The drug acts on pleasure receptors, which reduces the need for alcohol intake. Additionally, drops improve well-being, eliminate depression.

The advantage is the almost complete absence of contraindications. The drug does not affect the functioning of the kidneys and liver. The downside is that the medicine has a pronounced smell. Carrying out therapy without the knowledge of the patient, you can mask the drops only in food that exudes a strong aroma.

The drug is taken 10 ml twice a day. Treatment should be carried out up to three months. It takes six full packs. The medicine is inexpensive - 250 rubles per box.

Lavital

These drops also reduce the craving for alcohol. The tool is a popular dietary supplement, which is used as an adjuvant therapy. It is recommended in such cases:

drunken states;
treatment of chronic alcoholism in the first and second stages;
prevention to avoid relapse to drinking after treatment.

The drug helps well in removing a person from hard drinking, quickly relieving the symptoms of a hangover. Substances in its composition help to eliminate toxins from the body. The patient's sleep stabilizes, normal appetite appears, and anxiety disappears. The medicine strengthens the immune system, improves well-being.

The preparation contains plant extracts:

pharmaceutical camomile;
Melissa;
dandelion;
milk thistle;
thyme;
hawthorn;
motherwort.

In addition, the drops contain a complex of vitamins needed by the body. The tool can be bought at a pharmacy without a prescription. It does not cause side effects, almost no contraindications. Take drops of 25 ml, adding them to food. The cost of the drug is quite high - about 24,000. The price varies significantly in different regions.

A popular remedy for combating alcohol addiction. Has a natural composition. The effectiveness of treatment is achieved through properly selected components that enhance the action of each other. Koprinus, lovage, thyme cause intolerance to ethyl alcohol in a patient. The remaining ingredients contribute to the restoration of the body:

angelica officinalis strengthens the nervous system;
golden rhododendron favorably affects blood vessels;
centaury has an anti-inflammatory effect;
beaver musk has powerful regenerating properties.

The agent is poured into the patient's food in 10-20 drops. The course of therapy lasts up to 30 days. Alkoprost costs about 1000 rubles.

This remedy belongs to potent drugs. Before you start using it, you should consult with a narcologist.

Alcohol addiction is not a habit, but a disease that will lead to irreversible consequences. This article discusses the most effective pills for alcoholism that you can buy at a pharmacy and use at home.

It is useless to use even the most effective means for coding alcoholics, if you do not first remove the person from the binge, do not cleanse the body. If this is not done, the patient will have severe withdrawal symptoms (physical and neuralgic abnormalities that disappear after drinking alcohol). In severe cases, the syndrome turns into alcoholic delirium ("delirious tremens") and anergic state, threatening cardiac arrest, vascular collapse, hepatic and pancreatic coma.

A common detoxifier is activated charcoal. Tablets are an adsorbent that binds and removes harmful substances, acetaldehyde (the main product of the breakdown of alcohol).

In the treatment of alcoholism, you will have to undergo a course of purification; over the years of drinking, a lot of ethanol decay products accumulate in the body. Before the upcoming coding, narcologists prescribe a weekly course of taking activated charcoal, the dosage of the drug is calculated at the rate of "one tablet per 10-12 kg of a person's weight."

The advantages of activated charcoal are the price (from 5 rubles for 10 tablets) and the absolute safety of the remedy, it can be taken by everyone without consequences. Cons - long-term cleansing of the body of a chronic alcoholic, a weak effect on some decay products of ethyl alcohol.

Expensive, but strong and fast, are the following detox drugs:

Antihypoxants - tablets increase the saturation of the body with oxygen, accelerate the oxidation and elimination of harmful substances. Examples of funds: Astrox, Vitanam, Mexidol.
Metabolic tablets that stimulate metabolic processes. Examples: Limontar, Vasomag, Mitomin, Stimol, Alvezin.
Hepatoprotectors and tablets with potassium chloride - these funds restore the functioning of the liver, which bears the main burden when cleaning from the decomposition products of ethyl alcohol. The most commonly used drug in the treatment of alcoholism is Metadoxil. .

With advanced stages of alcoholism, detoxification alone cannot be carried out with pills. A strong cleansing is needed, which will reduce the symptoms of withdrawal symptoms: for this, intravenous saline, glucose, dextrose, rheopolyglucin, hemodez or magnesium sulfate are used.

Means that reduce the pleasure of alcohol

Removing cravings for alcoholic beverages is carried out using the following methods:

Soft coding: means are used to block the center of obtaining pleasure from alcohol, or, conversely, to improve the condition during periods of sobriety.
Hard coding: drugs that greatly increase the symptoms of alcohol poisoning and develop an aversion to alcohol.
Recovery: pills to reverse the harm done by long-term alcoholism.

First, there will be a list and analysis of tablets from the first category. They are suitable for the treatment of alcoholism of the first and second stages and for the treatment of a person without his knowledge.

Corrida-K

Domestic natural remedy to not want to drink alcohol. The tablets contain safe bioflavonoids that dull cravings for alcoholic beverages. They act gently, you can give an alcoholic to prevent relapse without his knowledge. Corrida-K tablets reduce the euphoria from alcohol, a person begins to want a new dose less. True, this relieves cravings only in the initial stages of alcoholism.

The average cost of pills for alcoholism is 249 rubles.

Acamprosate

Acamprosate tablets are not used for coding, but to "convince" the body that it is better off without a constant dose of ethyl alcohol. The drug alleviates the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome, acts on the neurotransmitter system: calcium acetylhomotaurinate from the composition of the drug activates the production of phospholipase, endonuclease and protease, which are involved in the production of hormones responsible for mood and activity. Acamprosate - to develop a conditioned reflex that "it's nice to be sober."

Tablets are prescribed after the withdrawal of a person from hard drinking and detoxification. The optimal duration of treatment with Acamprosat is 12-13 months. The minimum duration of treatment (for mild alcoholism) is 15 days.

Proproten-100

Proproten-100 is a product available in the form of lozenges. You can choose it for people with alcoholism of the first and second stages.

Useful for drunkenness, has a modifying effect on the functional activity of the S-100 protein. Controls metabolic processes, affects the parts of the brain responsible for getting euphoria when drinking alcohol. In a state of sobriety, the drug, on the contrary, increases the synaptic plasticity of neurons - a person feels cheerful from pills, his mood improves, the withdrawal syndrome is less pronounced, which allows you to overcome cravings for alcohol.

A remedy for alcoholism is used according to the scheme: in the first 2 hours, 1 pc. every 30 minutes, then drink 1 tablet every 2 hours for 2-3 days. Then for 2-3 months - 1-2 tablets per day. Sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. Approximate price 340 rubles. for 40 pcs.

Alkopharm

Soft remedy for alcoholism Ukrainian production. It is used to treat alcoholism without the knowledge of the dependent person. Tablets are not as strong as drugs that cause alcohol aversion (for example, causing vomiting every time you take an alcoholic drink). But they have almost no contraindications, they are not able to provoke severe complications.

One package contains 120 tablets - this is enough for a full course of treatment for alcoholism. The action is based on reducing the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome, which prevents a person from going into binges. The tool increases the activity of a man, improves mood, does not allow you to fall into depression in a state of sobriety - this increases the motivation to give up alcohol. Akofarm is compatible with drugs, therefore, to enhance the effect, tablets are used in combination with other drugs that reduce cravings.

The price of tablets is from 1310 rubles.

Means for developing an aversion to alcohol

The most effective remedies for alcoholism are drugs that cause unpleasant symptoms even after taking a small dose of alcohol. Treatment with pills will be difficult, but the result is positive.

Esperal

The action of Esperal anti-alcohol tablets is based on the inhibition of enzymes responsible for the processing of ethyl alcohol: if a person drinks alcohol within a day after taking the drug, then his blood pressure will drop, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness will begin. These will lead to the development of a reflex of disgust for the taste of alcohol and even for its smell.

Esperal is taken only after complete detoxification; during the withdrawal syndrome, the medicine cannot be drunk. Take 1 tablet for the first week. After 7-8 days, the dose is reduced (5 days to take 1/2, then 5 days to 1/4). If a person has a craving for alcohol, the remedy can be drunk 1/8 tablet for 3 years.

The cost of the remedy for drunkenness is 1,714 rubles. (in one package Esperal 20 tablets).

Teturam

Teturam is the name of a strong addiction drug. The active substance disulfiram converts ethyl alcohol into acetaldehyde, which is extremely toxic to alcoholics. When drinking alcohol together with Teturam, severe nausea, vomiting occur, the patient may lose consciousness. Symptoms should be a good reason not to drink a single gram of alcohol.

For a course of treatment for alcoholism, you will need one package of the remedy. The box contains 50 pcs. For 10 days, take 2 tablets, then reduce the dosage to 1 pc., After 5 days, reduce to 1/2 tablet. After switching to a maintenance course (up to 3 years) - take 1/8 tablet.

The price of an agent that discourages cravings for alcohol is from 187 rubles. for packing.

Lidevin

Prearat with disulfiram. Price from 1400 r for 20 pcs., Tablets are suitable for the treatment of all stages of alcoholism. Sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.

The action of Lidevin is based on the deterioration of the condition of an alcoholic who has drunk alcohol (nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness occurs after 10 grams of alcohol). In addition to disulfiram, the composition contains vitamins B3 and B4, which improve the functioning of the liver, which always suffers from long-term alcohol abuse.

It is allowed to take a remedy for alcoholism no earlier than 3 days after the last alcohol consumption and after the completion of detoxification. Otherwise, when using tablets, a person will immediately feel bad because of the breakdown products of ethyl alcohol remaining in the body.

Antabuse

Effervescent tablets dissolve in water, when taken, they are quickly absorbed into tissues, which ensures high bioavailability of active substances and fast action. To stop drinking with the drug, it is important to follow the instructions and remember that it is forbidden to give the drug without the knowledge of the patient (this will lead to symptoms of artificial toxic poisoning).

Antabuse acts as an emetic (vomiting occurs a few minutes after drinking alcohol, which should keep you from taking a new dose of alcohol). Drink 2-3 tablets during the course, the duration depends on the degree of alcoholism. After completing the main course for 2-3 years, it is allowed to take Antabuse for the prevention of breakdowns: drink ¼ tablets daily. The price is approximately 460 rubles.

Attention: the listed remedies for alcohol addiction are strong. In the process of treatment, one must remember the rules for taking drugs for addiction - monitor the dosage, compatibility with other drugs. If a person cannot resist drinking and takes alcohol during treatment, then it is important to take measures to alleviate his condition. Pills in combination with alcohol do not code, they cause excruciating symptoms that relieve addiction, but provoke heart problems, stroke, coma. When treating with anti-alcohol drugs, maximum caution is required.

Pills for recovery after long-term alcoholism

Rejection of alcohol dependence should be complex. In addition to taking drugs that prevent the use of alcohol (reducing cravings for alcohol), it is necessary to undergo rehabilitation treatment. In order to stop drinking, a person must feel good in sobriety. Diseases can be depressing, and negative emotions serve as a reason to return to a bad habit.

The following medications may be included in an alcoholism treatment program:

Andrews Answer or Biotredin - tablets increase physical and mental performance, cope with depression, depression, which often occur in the first months after giving up a bad habit.
Glycine - eliminates the negative effects of ethanol on the brain, improves memory, concentration.
Diazepam - often prescribed by doctors in parallel with detoxes to prevent delirium tremens.
Means Carbamazepine - has a pronounced anticonvulsant, antidepressant, normothymic (improving mood) effect.

Attention: you can not independently select means that suppress cravings for alcohol and restore the body. Pills for alcoholism have many contraindications, moreover, not all drugs are compatible with each other. The selection of drugs and control over treatment should be carried out by a narcologist. This will avoid complications, help to achieve an early improvement in the human condition.

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