Winding the induction coil with copper tape. Method for manufacturing flat spiral inductors. I claim in my invention
Consider several options for the execution of such containers and their manufacturing sequence. In the photo, a flat coil is a container,
made of two internal conductors of the telephone cable ShTLP-4. A cable length of 20 meters was taken, after which the inner cores were removed from the common braid and wound on separate coils.
The base is pre-made, on which double-sided tape is glued. In the center, we install a round protrusion with a diameter of about 25 mm (More precisely: you can vary from 1/10 to 1/5 of the outer diameter), around which we begin to lay two wires at once parallel to the plane of the base.
After finishing the manufacture of such a flat coil, we obtain a container from two spiral plates nested in each other (the metal bolt, of course, is removed). It is possible to use other types of wire, the diameter of which, together with the insulation, does not exceed 1.5 mm, while the diameter of the coil should not exceed 23-25 cm. Fixing the wire from above can be done by simply sticking adhesive tape or in any other convenient way. Can be fixed with glue, but in no case should epoxy and polyester resins be used.
Setting
After manufacturing the coil, it is necessary to determine the frequency of operation of this container. We make two taps from the coil, taking the end of one wire from the inside of the coil and the second from the other wire from the outside. At the same time, the circuit remains open, and we simply cut and isolate the two unused outputs of the plates (Caution! high voltage at the ends - skin burns are possible). When using a standard generator with a power of up to two watts, it is possible to determine the frequency of operation by simply connecting the oscilloscope probe in parallel with the generator terminals (Approx. Since the oscilloscope probe contributes its capacitance to the total capacitance of the oscillatory circuit). By smoothly increasing the frequency of the generator, we are looking for the first frequency at which the output voltage of the generator is the smallest, this will be the operating frequency of this capacitance.
The second option is to measure the voltage across a 1 ohm resistor connected in series in the power circuit. In this case, we are looking for the first largest value of the amplitude.
In the absence of an oscilloscope, it is possible to determine the operating frequency of the capacitance by making a separate flat inductor into the load, which includes 2 counter LEDs. A digital frequency meter can be connected to these LEDs if the generator does not have an accurate frequency indication. With this method, the frequency search is based on the maximum luminosity of the LEDs, the generator voltage in this case must be reduced, thereby reducing the frequency range at which the glow is observed.
If the wire is well fixed and the coil is not subjected to strong mechanical deformation, then after determining the optimal power frequency of the capacitance, its frequency will not change during operation. For the above capacitance design, the approximate frequency is 310kHz, with the effective supply range within ±10kHz of the operating frequency. The container made in this way has a wide electrostatic spectrum and a low gradient of density change towards the center of the coil during operation. This allows you to work effectively at the level of the central nervous system, eliminate circulatory problems and many other small vortex problems of living organisms.
More powerful in terms of impact on pathogenic formations will be the capacity with a reduced distance between the plates. For example, can be done with a wire 0.5mm in diameter in varnish insulation, the length of each wire will be 14-16 meters. The inner diameter will also be approximately 25mm, and the outer 120-130mm. Such a capacity is already much more effective at dealing with smaller (at the physical layer) problems, such as viruses and fungal diseases, can quickly remove scar tissue and accelerate healing.
A further reduction in the diameter of the wire and the overall size of the coil form another more aggressive version of eddy capacitance. At the same time, the overall dimensions of 51mm outer diameter and 25mm inner diameter set the wire thickness of about 0.1mm for the manufacture of the coil, which creates tangible difficulties when creating manually. A simplified version of manufacturing in the form of a torus is possible.
For its manufacture, you will need a twisted pair cable from a computer network with a length of approximately 14-16 meters. The wire consists of four or eight strands twisted in pairs. We need to remove the outer insulation of the cable and separate one pair from the rest. To create such containers, it is possible to use almost any type of wire, the only condition is to form the same distance between the wires along the entire length, so it is easiest to use twisted pair from improvised materials. If the twisted pair is wound to the left, it must be untwisted and curled to the right. It is most convenient to unwind and braid with a drill, after fixing one of the ends of the wire in a vise.
Next, you can use a piece of electric corrugation to create equipment for winding the coil. We bend the corrugation (diameter 25 mm) into a torus of the size we need in order to get a torus opening of about 50% of the total diameter of the container, make a cut along the outside and fix it inside with a couple of turns of electrical tape. T Which winding allows you to maintain the correct parameters of vortex formation. At the same time, we form a whole spectrum of frequencies, where the inner part of the winding is responsible for high frequencies, and the outer one - for low frequencies of the spectrum. Before starting the winding, we thread the inner wire lead into the previously prepared corrugation hole, and after winding we fix the outer leads.
To fix the winding, you can remove the corrugation in parts, fixing the coil with electrical tape. We unwind the twisted pair pins, and simply isolate the unused pins.
Next, we determine the power frequency of our torus, as well as the previous flat coils. The generator terminals are connected from different sides to different wires of the vortex capacitance. Oscilloscope probes are connected directly to the generator terminals to determine the output voltage. We determine the first frequency of the maximum voltage drop relative to the input. In other words, we determine the frequency of the maximum conductivity of the vortex capacitance. Further power will be carried out by a sine at this frequency. Pulse power for the tank is unacceptable, because. it has no inertia in this mode. The effective frequency range for tori is the same as for flat coils - 270-380 kHz. During the operation of the tank, the supply voltage supplied by the generator can sag up to ten or more times, while the total active power supply may not exceed 0.1 watt. The maximum input power should be limited by current to 200mA, and voltage to 20-24 volts. Exceeding these parameters can lead to electrostatic breakdowns in the form of discharges from the center of the coil.
We will read about how to use coils in the next chapter.
I chose this patent for several reasons. Many people, not understanding the essence of the invention, often throw the remark "try to use Tesla's bifilars - you will get a good increase in efficiency in your devices." Moreover, these people do not even remotely guess why, in fact, this method of winding suddenly makes the coil more efficient. After all, if you look closely, it becomes clear that the current is always directed in one direction (for example, clockwise) in all turns, both even, related to one winding, and odd, related to the second, .. that is, exactly in the same way as in a flat coil wound in one wire. And the magnetic field that arises in any arbitrary turn, in the same way interferes with the movement of charges (current) in the next turn, as it happens in a simple coil. Moreover, Tesla's inductive bifilars are often confused with non-inductive Cooper bifilars, in which the current in arbitrarily chosen two adjacent turns flows in different directions (and which, in fact, are static power amplifiers and give rise to a number of anomalies, including antigravity effects). Then a parallel question arises - if winding in two wires improves the parameters of the coil, then why not wind in three, four ... wires, i.e. make trifilar, quadrifilar, etc. coil, and not increase this positive effect?
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The answer comes, oddly enough, with the Russian translation of the patent itself. It's all about the potential difference in two adjacent turns. Tesla studied in detail the process of induction and self-induction, as well as the losses that occur in coils. He found that if the capacitance of the coil is greatly increased, then for a given current frequency, the resistance in the turns decreases and the effect of self-induction drops rapidly. Read more about these ratios in the patent.
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Here in the figure: the upper curve is the value of the stored energy in the bifilar Tesla coil, and the lower curve is the value of the energy in an ordinary flat coil wound in one wire (the experiment was carried out under resonance conditions).
Also, many do not realize that this coil was developed by Tesla exclusively for resonance conditions (series LC circuit, voltage resonance), and he did not use it in its usual form (more precisely, he used it, but more on that some other time). At resonance at the ends of the inductor (coil), a potential much more powerful than the external control signal of the loop (applied voltage) appears. But you can't take it directly from there. When the load is connected, the ratio L and C of the resonant circuit is violated (the inductance decreases) and the system goes out of resonance. Tesla himself (in his early creative period) did not set such a goal. Therefore, the title of the patent very well reflects the essence of the invention.
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In a later period, Tesla, of course, desired to take away this colossal power appearing in the coil (energy of free vibrations). Here the fact that the coil is inductive plays into our hands. Those. it can be used as one of the windings of the transformer. If you make a transformer with asymmetric mutual inductance of the primary and secondary windings, then you can hang a load on the secondary and enjoy a freebie. If the load is static in nature (for example, a light bulb), then everything is simplified by an order of magnitude - in this case, even a transformer is not necessary. The main thing is to accurately calculate everything. And now, in fact, the patent itself:
To whom it may concern.
Let it be known that I, Nikola Tesla, a US citizen living in New York, have invented a useful improvement in coils for electromagnets and other apparatus, which is described below, accompanied by drawings. In electromechanical apparatus and alternating current systems, self-inductive coils or conductors can in many cases operate with losses, which is known as industrial efficiency, and which is detrimental in various aspects. The self-induction effect mentioned above can be canceled out by capacitating the current to a certain degree according to the self-inductance and frequency of the current. This is achieved by using capacitors assembled and applied as a separate tool.
This invention of mine has the object of making the coils perfect and avoiding the involvement of capacitors, which are expensive, bulky and difficult to adjust. I declare that in the term "coil" I include the concepts of solenoids or any conductors of which the various parts are in relationship with each other and in fact increase self-induction.
I found out that in every coil there is a certain relationship between its self-induction and capacitance, which allows a current of a given frequency and potential to pass through it with ohmic resistance (DL: here Tesla means the disappearance of reactance) or, in other words, as if it works without self-induction. This occurs as a result of the relationship between the nature of the current and the self-induction and capacitance of the coil, i.e. the amount of the latter is sufficient to neutralize the self-induction for a given frequency. It is known that the higher the frequency or potential difference of the current, the less capacitance is required to neutralize the self-induction, therefore, in any coil, especially a small capacitance, you can achieve your goals if you achieve the right conditions.
In ordinary coils the potential difference between turns or coils is very small, so that while they are in interaction with capacitors they carry very little capacitance, and the relationship between self-induction and capacitance is not the same as in the ordinary state, which satisfies the above requirements, where the capacitance is very small relative to self-induction.
To achieve the goal of increasing the capacity of any coil, I wind it in such a way as to provide the greatest potential difference between adjacent turns, and since the energy stored in the coil (we think, as in a capacitor) is proportional to the square of the potential difference between the turns, it becomes clear that I can thus, through a certain arrangement of turns, an increase in capacitance is achieved.
I have shown in the appendix a drawing according to which I made this invention.
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Fig. 1 is a diagram of a coil wound in the usual way. Fig. 2 is a diagram of a coil wound according to the invention.
Let -A- in Fig. 1 denote any coil of spirals or coils of which it is wound and which are insulated from each other. Let us assume that the ends of this coil show a potential difference of 100 V and that it contains 1000 turns. It is then obvious that there is a potential difference of one tenth of a volt between any two adjacent points on adjacent turns.
If now, as shown in Fig. 2, the conductor -B- is wound parallel to the conductor -A- and isolated from it, and the end -A- will be connected to the beginning of the conductor -B-, then the length of the conductors assembled together will be the same and the number of turns will be the same (1000). And then the potential difference between any two points of the conductors -A- and -B- will be 50 V, and since. Since the capacitive effect is proportional to the square of this difference, the energy accumulated in the coil will now be 250,000 times greater!
Following this principle, I can now wind any number of coils, not only in the way described above, but in any other known way, but so as to provide such a potential difference between adjacent turns as will provide the necessary capacitance to neutralize self-induction for any current that may take place. The capacity obtained in this way has the additional advantage of being evenly distributed, which is most important in most cases. And as a result, both efficiency and economy are more easily achieved if the size of the coils, the potential difference and the frequency of the current are increased.
Coils consisting of conductors in an insulator and wound turn by turn and connected in series are not new, and I do not pay much attention to describing them. However, what I am pointing out is that winding in other ways can lead to different results.
Applying my invention, experts in this field should have a good understanding of the relationship between the concepts of capacitance, self-induction, frequency and current potential difference. As well as understanding what capacity is achieved and what kind of winding should take place for each specific case.
I claim in my invention:
1. A coil for an electrical apparatus, consisting of turns which form part of a circuit and between which there is a potential difference sufficient to provide a capacitance in the coil capable of neutralizing self-induction, as has been described.
2. A coil consisting of insulated conductors connected in series has such a potential difference as to create sufficient capacitance in the whole coil to neutralize its self-induction.
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in AC/DC converters and contactless communication devices. The technical result consists in reducing the growth of effective resistance in the high-frequency range due to the skin effect due to the thinner flat coil. The flat coil 10 contains wires 11 parallel to each other, located in the same plane and helically wound. The ends 13a and 13b of the respective wires 11 are electrically connected to each other at the coil terminals 12a and 12b and are thus connected in parallel. The wires 11 are located in the same plane, so the thickness of the coil does not increase and the coil 10 is made thin. In addition, the wires 11 are connected in parallel. 3 n. and 9 z.p. f-ly, 21 ill.
FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
The present invention relates to a flat coil for use in a non-contact electric power transmission device and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the prior art, for example, Japanese Patent Publication Publication No. 2006-42519, as a non-contact transmission technology, a device for non-contact transmission of electric power using the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction generated by a coil is proposed. This device is shown in Fig.15. The non-contact electric power transmission device 80 includes a transmitting coil 81S and a receiving coil 81R arranged opposite each other, hereinafter referred to as a coil 81. When alternating current is supplied to the coil 81S, electrical energy is transferred to the coil 81R due to electromagnetic induction. 16A and 16B show the flat coil shape used for the coil 81. The flat helical coil 82 is thinner.
Typically, to keep the device 80 compact, the coil 81 is made small and used at a high frequency of tens to hundreds of kilohertz. 17 shows the frequency response of the effective resistance of this type of coil. When using a single copper wire to form a coil, the effective resistance in the high frequency range increases due to the skin effect and the proximity effect, and the efficiency of electrical energy transfer decreases.
In order to avoid an increase in effective resistance in the high frequency range, the coil 81 is formed by winding a stranded wire. FIG. 18 shows a cross-section of stranded wire 83. Typically, wire 83 is made by twisting together copper wires 84 of small outside diameter. For this configuration, the total surface area of the wire 84 is larger, and the stranded wire 83 controls the increase in effective resistance in the high frequency range (see FIG. 17).
However, when the stranded wire 83 is used in the flat coil 82, the outside diameter of the wound wire increases because the stranded wire 83 is formed by twisting the wires, so that the flat coil 82 cannot be made thin.
From the point of view of the efficiency of electric power transmission, it is preferable to use a coil 81 with a large outer diameter. When stranded wire 83 is used in coil 81, it is necessary to form at least a predetermined number of turns or provide a gap between turns to create an outer diameter of the coil. In Fig.19 shows a flat coil 85, in which between the turns of the stranded wire 83 there is a gap. In this case, the flat coil 85 must use an additional spacing element, or the coil must be formed in a special way to provide a spacing between the turns.
For comparison, FIG. 20 shows a flat coil using a printed circuit board. The flat coil 86 is made of a copper foil structure 88 in a printed wiring board 87 and has a through hole 89 for leading out the inner end of the coil. Structure 88 in coil 86 has a large surface area, whereby the effective resistance increases slightly in the high frequency range. Fig. 21 shows an enlarged section X of the coil 86. The structure 88 has a large eddy current 91 due to the resulting magnetic flux B, and as the width of the structure 88 increases, the eddy current loss increases.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention solves the above problem of making a thinner flat coil that reduces the increase in effective resistance in the high frequency range.
SOLUTION OF THE SPECIFIED PROBLEM
To solve the above problem, the present invention proposes a flat coil containing wires parallel to each other, located in the same plane and wound in a spiral, and the ends of the corresponding wires of the coil are electrically connected to each other at the output of the coil to provide a parallel connection of the wires.
Due to the above configuration, in which the wires are arranged in the same plane, the thickness of the coil does not increase, but, on the contrary, the coil becomes thinner. Moreover, the wires are connected to each other in parallel, so that the increase in effective resistance in the high frequency range due to the skin effect is reduced.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the relative position of the outer and inner loops of the wires connected in parallel varies along the winding of the wires.
Due to the above configuration, in which the positional relationship of the outer and inner circuits of the wires connected in parallel is changed along the winding, loop current generation is prevented, winding losses are controlled, and power transmission efficiency is increased by non-contact transmission of electric power.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the relative position of the wires changes an even number of times per revolution.
By the above configuration, in which the wire relationship is changed an even number of times in one revolution, the effect of coil diameter change occurring in the helical form is reduced, and loop current compensation is achieved with high accuracy.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the places of change in the relative position of the wires are not aligned with each other.
Due to the above configuration, in which the wire repositioning locations are not aligned with each other, said repositioning locations are not at the same location, and the increase in thickness caused by the wire repositioning is kept to a minimum.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flat coil has a configuration in which wires equal to an even number of turns connected in parallel are wound at a given number of turns divided by said even number; wires, the location of the inner and outer contours of which differ from each other, are connected in series at the output of the coil with the formation of a given number of revolutions; and the ends of the corresponding wires of the coil are connected to each other in parallel at the terminal of the coil.
With the above configuration, the wire relationship is changed at the coil terminal, so that it is not necessary to change the wire relationship in the wound coil, which makes it possible to simply form a thin flat coil.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flat bobbin has a configuration in which an even number of turns having the same diameter or at least the same number of turns are stacked; the relative position of the wires, the location of the inner and outer contours of which differ from each other, changes between turns, and the wires are connected in series with each other.
With the above configuration, the arrangement of the wires is changed between turns so that it is not necessary to change the positional relationship of the wires in the wound coil, which makes it possible to simply form a thin flat coil.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, copper wire is used as the wire.
Due to the above configuration, in which a thin copper wire is used, the flat coil is made thinner.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wire may be formed from a copper foil structure.
With the above configuration, the wire groups of the copper foil structures are connected in parallel, so that the width of each wire group and the eddy current can be reduced.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the copper wire is made from stranded wire.
With the above configuration, the stranded wires are coplanar and helically wound to provide the diameter required for a flat coil.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following is a description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that all drawings are presented for the purpose of illustrating the essence of the present invention or embodiments thereof. On the attached drawings:
Fig. 1A is a plan view of the flat coil according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1B is a side view of the flat coil of Fig. 1A;
Fig. 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the flat coil shown in Fig. 1A;
Fig. 3 is a side view illustrating the configuration of the flat coil shown in Fig. 1A in non-contact transmission of electric power;
Fig. 4A is a plan view illustrating the magnetic flux associated with a flat coil according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4B is a side view illustrating the magnetic flux shown in Fig. 4A;
Fig. 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the flat coil shown in Fig. 4A;
Fig. 6 is a plan view of a flat coil according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a plan view of a flat coil according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of a flat coil according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a plan view illustrating the configuration of a flat coil wire according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a flat coil drawing illustrating the connection of the wire of the flat coil shown in Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the flat coil shown in Fig. 10;
Fig. 12A is a top view of the flat coil according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 12B is a side view of the flat coil shown in Fig. 12A;
Fig. 13 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the flat coil shown in Fig. 12A;
Fig. 14 is a plan view of a flat coil according to the present invention in which a copper foil structure is used as a wire;
Fig.15 shows a block diagram of a known device for contactless transmission of electrical energy;
Fig. 16A is a top view of the flat coil shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16B is a side view of the flat coil shown in Fig. 15;
Fig. 17 is a plot of overall frequency response versus effective coil resistance;
Fig. 18 shows a cross section of a stranded wire;
Fig. 19 is a plan view of a prior art flat coil using stranded wire,
Fig. 20 is a plan view of a prior art flat coil using a printed wiring board; a
Fig. 21 is an enlarged view of the section X shown in Fig. 20.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS
1A and 1B show the configuration of a flat coil 10 according to a first preferred embodiment. The coil 10 is provided with wires 11A, 11B, 11C and 11D (hereinafter referred to as wires 11) which are wound parallel to each other in a spiral in the same plane. Ends 13a and 13b of wires 11 are located at terminals 12a and 12b of coil 10. Wires 11 are connected in parallel by electrically connecting ends 13a of respective parallel wires 11 at terminal 12a and by electrically connecting opposite ends 13b at terminal 12b. The wires 11 are insulated from each other between ends 13a and 13b. The number of wires 11 is not limited to four, but at least two wires must be used. The diameter and number of wires are chosen depending on the value of the effective resistance at the frequency used, as well as the diameter and thickness of the coil 10.
Figure 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a coil 10. Electric current flows in the coil when an electric current is applied between ends 13a and 13b or when the magnetic flux associated with the coil 10 changes.
The coil 10 is formed, for example, by winding straight wires 11 around a frame (not shown). The distance between the side plates of the winding core is chosen small and slightly exceeds the diameter of the wires 11. The spirally wound wires 11 are located between the side plates of the core. The wires 11 are made in the form of self-adhesive insulated wires, in which a layer of bonding material is located, for example, around an enameled copper wire. As the binder material, for example, a polyvinyl butyral resin, a copolymerized polyamide resin or a phenoxy resin can be used. Self-adhesive insulated wires can be quickly and easily attached to each other by heating or solvent treatment. The helical configuration of the coil 10 is maintained by bonding the wires 11 together. The shaped coil 10 is removed from the winding core.
In accordance with the present preferred embodiment of the coil 10, the wires 11 are arranged in the same plane, so that the thickness of the coil is not increased, but, on the contrary, the coil is made thinner. Moreover, the wires 11 are connected with each other in parallel, so that the increase in the effective resistance in the high frequency range due to the skin effect is reduced. In addition, the wires 11 connected in parallel are wound in a spiral, so that a desired flat coil diameter can be easily obtained.
The non-contact transmission of electric power using the coil 10 is described below. The transmitting coil 10S and the receiving coil 10R, configured as the coil 10 according to the present preferred embodiment, face each other along the transmitting sheath 14 and the receiving sheath 15. side.
The following describes in detail the magnetic flux associated with the respective flat coils in the contactless transmission of electrical energy, using the example of a flat coil in which two wires are wound in one turn. 4A and 4B illustrate a flat coil and magnetic flux. The magnetic flux passing outside the outer contour of the flat coil is not shown. In a flat coil 17, two parallel wires 18 and 19 are located in the same plane and are wound in one turn. The ends 18a and 19a of wires 18 and 19 are electrically connected to each other by soldering, for example, at terminal 20 of coil 17, and the ends 18b and 19b are electrically connected to each other in the same way at terminal 21. When an electric current is applied to terminals 20 and 21 a magnetic flux B occurs in the coil 17, which ensures the transfer of electrical energy. Part of the magnetic flux B between the wires 18 and 19 does not participate in the transmission of electrical energy in addition to the magnetic flux involved in the transmission of electrical energy. Magnetic flux B between wires 18 and 19 creates a loop current 23 in parallel wires 18 and 19. Loop current 23 causes losses in coil 17 and reduces the efficiency of electrical energy transfer. In addition, the loop current 23 increases the temperature of the coil 17, which leads to the need to release heat and eliminates the possibility of reducing the size of the device for contactless transmission of electrical energy.
Figure 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of coil 17. On one side, ends 18a and 19a are electrically connected, and on the other side, ends 18b and 19b are electrically connected in such a way that a coil is formed between ends 18a, 19a and between ends 18b, 19b.
Figure 6 shows the configuration of a flat coil 24 according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the configuration of the first preferred embodiment, in the coil 24, the mutual arrangement of the outer and inner circuits of the parallel-connected leads 25, 26 changes at the location 27 of the change in the relative position of the wires along the winding of the wires 25, 26. The wires 25, 26 are electrically connected at the terminals 28, 29 .
In the coil 24 having the above configuration, the directions of the loop current in the wires 25 and 26 are opposite, i.e. loop current flows in opposite directions between terminal 28 and location 27 (left side of coil 24 in Fig. 6) and between site 27 and terminal 29 (right side of coil 24 in Fig. 6), resulting in compensation and no loop current. Location 27 is preferably located such that the length of the wires from terminals 28 and 29 is substantially the same. With the above configuration, the symmetry between terminals 28, 29 and location 27 is improved, and thus compensation of the loop current with high accuracy is achieved.
As described above, in the coil 24 according to the present preferred embodiment, the positional relationship of the inner and outer circuits of the parallel wires 25, 26 is changed along the winding so that loop current can be avoided and coil losses can be controlled, and transmission efficiency is increased in contactless transmission of electric power. energy.
Figure 7 shows the configuration of the coil 30 according to the third preferred embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the second preferred implementation, in the coil 30 the relative position of the wires 31 and 32 changes an even number of times, at least twice per revolution. The ends of the wires 31 and 32 are electrically connected respectively (not shown: hereinafter to be understood in the same way). In the coil 30, the wires 31, 32 are helically wound in several turns, and the relative position of the outer and inner circuits of the parallel wires 31, 32 changes an even number of times in the places 33 and 34 of the change in relative position. An even number of locations 33, 34 are preferably arranged substantially symmetrically about the center of the coil 30.
In a flat coil wound with several revolutions, compensating the loop current with high accuracy by changing the relative position of the wires once per revolution is difficult due to the change in winding diameter that occurs with a helical shape. According to the present preferred embodiment of the flat coil 30, the positional relationship of the wires 31, 32 is changed an even number of times per revolution, so that the effect of changing the diameter of the coil is reduced, which allows the loop current to be compensated with high accuracy and the coil losses to be reduced.
FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a flat coil 40 according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the configuration of the second preferred embodiment, in the coil 40, the locations 45, 46 of the repositioning of the wires 41, 42, 43, 44 are not aligned with each other. For example, the relative position of the two wires 41, 44 of the four wires 11-44 changes in place 45 (located in the upper part of the coil shown in Fig.8), and the relative position of the remaining two wires 42, 43 changes in place 46 (located in the lower part of the coil shown in Fig.8).
When changing the relative position of all wires in one place in a flat coil formed by winding a large number of wires connected in parallel, the thickness of the coil increases in this place. According to the present preferred embodiment of the coils 40, the locations 45 and 46 are not aligned with each other and are not located in the same position, so that the increase in thickness caused by a change in the relative position of the wires remains minimal.
FIG. 9 shows the configuration of wires 51, 52, 53, 54 used in a flat coil according to the fifth preferred embodiment, and FIG. 54 are connected to each other. In addition to the configuration of the second preferred embodiment, in the coil 50, the wires 51, 52, 53, 54, the number of which is equal to an even number of wires connected in parallel, are wound at a predetermined number of turns divided by said even number, the wires, the relative position of the inner and outer contours of which different from each other, are connected in series at the coil terminal to form the specified predetermined number of revolutions, and the ends of the corresponding coil wires are connected in parallel to each other at the coil terminal.
As shown in FIG. 9, in the flat coil 50, the specified predetermined number of revolutions is six, and the number of wires connected in parallel is two. Two is chosen as the indicated even number, and four wires are 51, 52, 53 and 54, i.e. twice the number of two wires connected in parallel, wound in three turns, which is obtained by dividing the specified number of turns, i.e. six, two. The ends 51a, 52a, 53a and 54a of the coil wires are located on one terminal, and the ends 51b, 52b, 53b and 54b are located on the other terminal of the coil 50. Further, as shown in Fig.10, at the ends of the wires 51, 52, as well as the wires 53 and 54, the relationship between the inner and outer contours of the ends 52b and 53a and the ends 51b and 54a is changed, and the ends 52b and 53a, 51b and 54a are connected in series to form a coil. As a result, due to the series connection, the number of revolutions increases and becomes equal to six (3 + 3 \u003d 6), and the number of wires connected in parallel becomes equal to two. The ends of the coil are connected in series at the location 55 of the change in relative position. Due to the connection in which the mutual arrangement of wires in the coil 50 is changed as described above, the electric currents caused by the loop current pass in opposite directions between the wires 51, 54 and between the wires 52, 53, so that the electric current is compensated and the loop current is not passes.
11 shows the equivalent circuit of a flat coil 50. Ends 51a and 52a are electrically connected on one side, and ends 53b and 54b are electrically connected on the other side to form a coil between the ends of the coil.
According to the present preferred embodiment of the coil 50, the wire relationship is changed at the terminal of the coil, so that there is no need to change the wire relationship in the wound coil, and therefore a thin flat coil can be easily formed.
On figa and 12B shows the configuration of a flat coil 60 according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the configuration of the second preferred embodiment, the coil 60 is stacked with an even number of turns 61 and 62 that have the same diameter or at least the same number of turns, and the relative position of the wires 611, 612 and wires 621, 622, the location of the inner and outer the contours of which differ from each other, changes between turns 61 and 62, due to which the wires are connected in series with each other. The diameters and the number of revolutions in the turns 61, 62 are preferably chosen to be the same, so that the loop current is compensated with high precision.
As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, wire 611 is wound around the outer loop and wire 612 is wound around the inner loop of loop 61. Wire 621 is wound around the outer loop and wire 622 is wound around the inner loop of loop 62. In wires 611 and 612, ends 611a and 612a on one side are made as leads from the coil 60, and the ends 611b and 612b on the other side are made as connecting ends connected to the coil 62. In the wires 621 and 622, the ends 621a and 622a on one side are made as connecting ends, connected to the coil 62, and the ends 621b and 622b on the other side are made in the form of conclusions. The connecting end 611b of wire 611 on the outer loop is connected in series with the connecting end 622a of wire 622 on the inner loop at position 63 of the repositioning, and the connecting end 612b of wire 612 on the inner loop is connected in series with the connecting end 621a of wire 621 on the outer loop at position 63.
13 shows the equivalent circuit of coil 60. Leads 611a and 612a are connected in parallel to each other on one side, leads 621b and 622b are connected in parallel to each other on the other side, and connecting ends 611b, 612b, 621a and 622a are connected in series as described above.
As described above, in the coil 60 according to the present preferred embodiment, the positional relationship of wires 611 and 612 and wires 621 and 622 whose inner and outer circuits are different from each other is changed between turns 61 and 62 so that the wires are connected in series with each other. , and the loop current is compensated. Moreover, the wire relationship changes between the turns 61 and 62, so that the wire relationship in the wound coil does not need to be changed, and therefore the coil can be easily formed.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the number of wires and the number of turns in the coil in the corresponding preferred embodiment is not limited to the number illustrated in the drawings. In addition, a material other than copper can be used as the conductive material for the wire, for example, aluminum wire or an aluminum foil structure can also be used.
In addition, in the above preferred embodiment, parallel wound single copper wires or stranded wires can be used as the wire, as they produce a similar effect. A single copper wire or a stranded wire is appropriately selected as the wire, taking into account the thickness of the coil used, for example, to form the finished product into the desired shape.
Further, the wires may be formed from a copper foil structure. FIG. 14 shows a configuration of a flat coil 70 in which a copper foil structure is used as the wire. In the coil 70, the wires are in the form of a wire group 71 of a copper foil structure. The width of the structure of each group 71 is reduced, and the wire groups 71A, 71B, 71C, and 71D are formed on the board 72 to change the positional relationship of the group 71 and realize the positional change when connecting the wire groups at the terminal. The groups 71 are connected in parallel, and the width of the structure of each group 71 and the eddy current can be reduced. The board 72 is provided with a through hole extending through one side of the board 72 to the other side of the board 72 and connecting the group 71 along the winding of the group 71 (in the wound coil) and at the terminal. The mutual arrangement of the group 71 changes, for example, in the through hole in the coil or in the through hole 73 on the output.
The present invention is not limited to a flat coil used in a non-contact electric power transmission device, however, a flat coil according to the present invention can be used in, for example, an AC/DC converter or a non-contact communication device.
Although the present invention has been described in detail in terms of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
1. A flat coil containing wires parallel to each other, located in the same plane and wound helically, and
the ends of the corresponding wires of the coil are electrically connected to each other at the output of the coil to ensure the parallel connection of the wires, and the relative position of the outer and inner circuits of the parallel connected wires changes along the winding of the wires, and the places of change in the relative position of the wires are not aligned relative to each other.
2. The coil according to claim 1, in which copper wire is used as the wire.
3. The coil according to claim 1, wherein the copper foil structure is used as the wire.
4. The coil according to claim 2, in which a stranded wire is used as the copper wire.
5. A flat coil containing wires parallel to each other, located in the same plane and wound helically, and
the ends of the corresponding wires of the coil are electrically connected to each other at the output of the coil to provide a parallel connection of the wires, and
wires, the number of which is equal to an even number of wires connected in parallel, are wound at a given number of revolutions divided by an even number; a
wires, the mutual arrangement of the outer and inner contours of which differ from each other, are connected in series at the output of the coil with the formation of a given number of revolutions.
6. The coil according to claim 5, in which copper wire is used as the wire.
7. The coil according to claim 5, wherein the copper foil structure is used as the wire.
8. The coil according to claim 6, wherein the stranded wire is used as the copper wire.
9. A flat coil containing wires parallel to each other, located in the same plane and wound helically, and
the ends of the respective wires of the coil are electrically connected to each other at the output of the coil to provide a parallel connection of the wires, and the relative position of the outer and inner circuits of the parallel connected wires changes along the winding of the wires, and
an even number of turns having the same diameter or an equal number of turns are stacked;
the relative position of the wires, the relative position of the inner and outer contours of which differ from each other, changes between turns, and the wires are connected in series with each other.
10. The coil according to claim 9, wherein copper wire is used as the wire.
11. The coil according to claim 9, wherein the copper foil structure is used as the wire.
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely to the design of inductive elements made on printed circuit boards, and can be used as sensors for searching and detecting objects made of magnetic or electrically conductive material.
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in frequency filters for radio engineering devices for various purposes, for example, in harmonic filters of powerful high-frequency radio transmitters. The technical result is to expand the operational capabilities. The inductor contains an ordinary cylindrical winding with a pitch, located on a prefabricated frame, consisting of two side panels arranged in parallel and connected by combs made in the form of rectangular bars with slots for wires. The winding is made with a non-insulated round wire in the form of N windings laid in the corresponding grooves of the combs to form non-circular coils and connected in parallel. Each turn of each winding has M edges, where M is the number of combs, of which two diametrically opposite and located in the same plane combs have an increased length, protrude beyond the side panels and have holes for fastening. Side panels and combs are made of heat-resistant dielectric. The remaining M - 2 combs also have an increased length and protrude beyond the side panels. All combs and side panels are metallized at the points of their connection and provide the possibility of their fastening. Each side panel has N metallized holes connected to each other and with an additionally introduced contact by means of double-sided metallization of the side panels and designed to fix the wires at the beginning and at the end of each winding by soldering. 3 ill.
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in AC/DC converters and contactless communication devices
This article will talk about manual winding of a small and flat frameless coil thin copper wire. Such a coil can be useful for placing in a narrow space where a small thickness is needed, or for example to create a coil for wireless charging.
From the materials we need:
- two plastic plugs with a diameter slightly larger than the future coil;
- long screw with nut and washers;
- plastic tube with an inner diameter equal to the diameter of the screw;
- an awl, a knife, adhesive tape, glue and the actual wire for winding.
In both plugs in the center, holes must be made according to the diameter of the screw used. I used an ordinary awl for this purpose.
After that, adhesive tape is glued to both corks and holes are also made in it. In the future, with the help of adhesive tape, it will be easier to remove the finished coil from the structure.
From a plastic tube evenly, with a sharp knife, you need to cut a circle along the thickness of the future coil. We push our screw through one plug, put a cut out circle on it, which will set the thickness of the winding, and by pushing through the second plug we fix the entire structure and tighten it with a nut.
After assembling the frame, you can start winding the coil itself. In my case, I needed a tap from the middle, so I wound two bobbins at the same time with two copper wires folded together.
Just before the start of the winding process, it is necessary to lubricate the gap between the cheeks of the frame with glue in the place of the future coil so that its turns stick together with each other. I used the glue that was on hand - this is the usual universal glue that hardens under the action of an activator. I fixed the beginning of the wires by wrapping a small amount around the screw. Next, we start winding, during which the wire completely passes through the glue and is thus covered with a thin layer, providing reliable fastening after solidification.
One small nuance that helped me determine the moment the winding was completed. I specifically used transparent corks from all available, so that during winding through the cork, you can see how much wire is wound and how much more needs to be wound.
Union of Soviet
Socialist
Republics
State Committee
II0 for inventions and discoveries (53) UDC 621. 18. .44 (088.8) M.Ê. Chirkova, L.E. Briskina, V.P. Kozin, I.A. Arkhipov. and V.I. Berezin (72) Inventors (71) Applicant (54) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLAT SPIRAL
INDUCTIVE COILS
The invention relates to methods for manufacturing inductors, c. in particular to the manufacture of small-sized high-frequency inductors, and can be used in electrical engineering.
A method of manufacturing flat inductors is known, including the operations of winding the wire and fastening the turns with glue. The manufacture of coils is carried out in a device consisting of two parallel planes - disks, between which an insulated wire is wound in the form of a flat spiral of Archimedes. After winding, the coils of the spiral are lubricated with glue through the holes in the upper disk, and the coil is dried. are released from fixation and separated from each other.The inductance spiral remains on the upper disk and is removed by light prying with the blade (1
The disadvantages of this method are the low quality factor and the large self-capacitance of the inductors, due to the fact that with this method of fastening the turns, the space between them is filled with glue, the dielectric constant of which is quite high, poor repeatability of electrical parameters, due to the fact that the glue between the turns with this method of fastening located in an uneven layer; the complexity of the manufacturing technology.
The closest to the proposed technical essence is a method for manufacturing inductors, including winding a wire with plastic, for example, polyethylene, insulation and fastening the turns to each other by heating the coils to the melting temperature of the insulation. To get coils with a pitch, as well as to improve the electrical936059
55 ical characteristics of inductors at high frequency during the winding process, a material identical to the insulation is supplied, placing it between the turns, and heated to a melting temperature, fastening the turns (2).
The disadvantages of this method are the low quality factor and the large self-capacitance of the coils, due to the presence between the turns of the insulation material, the dielectric permittivity of which is much higher than that of air, a complex manufacturing technology, since when the wire insulation and the material used to create the pitch are melted, the wire is shifted, which leads to poor repeatability of parameters and low accuracy of manufacturing coils, therefore, additional devices and operations are required to hold the wire in the required position, the impossibility of using the simplest method of adjusting the inductance by unwinding the turns, as this leads to a violation of the integrity of the structure, the limited application of the method , since the wire is used only in plastic insulation.
The purpose of the invention is to improve the electrical characteristics at high frequency and increase productivity.
The stated goal is achieved by placing the thermoplastic material parallel to the winding plane, winding is carried out with two wires, when fastening the turns, a force is applied perpendicular to the winding plane towards the thermoplastic material, and after cooling the coil, one wire is removed.
In FIG. 1 shows a mandrel with a wound flat-spiral inductor, section; in fig. 2 - a flat-spiral inductor wound simultaneously with two wires: technological and working with a step without a technological wire.
The method is carried out as follows.
The winding of the spiral is carried out on a winding machine of ordinary winding in a mandrel, consisting of a guide axis 1 and two removable planes - disks 2 and 3. Two wires working 4 and technological 5 - are passed through a groove in disk 2, which is fixed on axis 1, onto disk 2 workpiece 6 made of polyamide film PK-4 is applied. Limiting disk 3 is fixed on the axis
1 in such a way that there is a gap between disks 2 and 3, the value of which is determined by the diameter of the wound wire. Then the spiral is wound. Next, the mandrel with a wound spiral is placed in a heated clamp, and under load, short-term heating is performed to the melting temperature, thereby bonding the spiral turns to the film. Then the coil is cooled. When using wire in insulation, the melting point of the substrate must be below the melting point of the insulation.
The use of the proposed method for manufacturing flat-spiral inductors makes it possible to improve the electrical characteristics of inductors at high frequency and increase productivity.
Claim
A method for manufacturing flat spiral inductors, including winding a wire, fastening the turns with a thermoplastic material heated to a melting point, and cooling the coil. characterized in that, in order to improve electrical characteristics and increase productivity, the thermoplastic material is placed parallel to the winding plane, the winding is carried out with two wires, when fastening the turns, a force is applied perpendicular to the winding plane towards the thermoplastic material, and after cooling the coils , ki one wire. delete.