The musical development of a child is not complete without acquaintance with musical instruments. And if the right tool is not at home, then you can always do it yourself. And let it sound completely different from the academic version, but the pleasure from the manufacturing process and subsequent playing with such an instrument will exceed all your expectations.

Enthusiastic mothers have prepared 4 master classes for you to create a guitar, tambourine, piano and string instrument from improvised materials. I'm sure they will inspire you to create music with your children!

Stringed instrument

Our stringed instrument is made very simply, in a minute. We will need:

• a tin lid from a box for tea, sweets or cookies, preferably square or rectangular, so that the rubber bands hold better;
• rubber bands.

Exactly after a certain interval we stretch the rubber bands on the lid. We have had rubber bands that are slightly different in length, so when you pull them on and play with them, they make a slightly different sound.

In principle, this can be achieved with the same rubber bands, just adjust their length with a knot. Let's start playing with the fingers on the strings. The sound is reflected from the iron cover and becomes more melodic and louder.

Oksana Demidova and Fedya, 4 years old, St. Petersburg.

For the manufacture of the piano, we took:

• a square candy box;
• color film;
• cardboard;
• plastic.

First, dad cut the box to look like a real piano with a nice curve! Then they and Sonya began to paste over the piano with colored film (there was no black, so they made the piano red). Due to the curves, I had to use my mother's hair dryer to make the film lie flat. Inside, dad made an insert of plastic (so that the structure would not collapse) and pasted over it with a light beige film.

Cardboard was glued to the bottom of the piano, which protruded slightly from the front. A keyboard was glued to the protruding part (found on the Internet). From plastic, dad made three legs and a holder for the lid. The legs were glued on double-sided tape, and the holder was glued with special glue. Now you can arrange puppet concerts.

Olga Silina with her daughter Sophia (4.7) and her husband Andrey from Moscow.

Acoustic guitar

I am a big music lover. I especially like stringed instruments. Therefore, it was decided to do something from strings. With the eldest son, they chose for a long time what to make: a guitar or a balalaika. The guitar won. For its manufacture you will need:

• boxboard (the thicker the better);
• PVA glue (or glue gun);
• double sided tape;
• pencil;
• awl;
• a few rubber bands for money;
• clerical knife (you can use a regular one);
• two paperclips.

First you need to cut out the silhouette of a guitar from cardboard. You will need three parts with a neck and a hole in the body (socket) and two parts without a neck and a hole. It is most convenient to cut with a clerical knife. Next, you need to glue the two parts with the neck together. We used PVA glue for this.

Do you want to play with your child easily and with pleasure?

Then, stepping back a little from the bottom edge of the hole in the body, draw a line about 7 cm long and make a shallow cut along it. We insert a pencil or stick into the slot (we first cut off a piece of the desired length from the pencil) and make four notches in it with a knife. This will be the nut for the strings. Below the line, mark four points at an equal distance from each other and make through holes in these places with a thick awl (you can use a screwdriver with a thin drill). On the top of the neck we do the same, only here the length of the pencil will be about 4 cm. This will be the front side of the guitar.

Now we take 4 elastic bands for money, cut them and tie one end of each elastic band to a paper clip. We pass each elastic band through the hole in the upper part of the neck so that the paper clip remains on the wrong side. We stretch the rubber bands and thread the second end of each of them into the holes in the bottom of the guitar (under the hole in the body) so that the ends of the rubber bands are back on the wrong side. There we tie them to the second paper clip. If you pull the elastic bands with different strengths, you can get different pitches of the "string" sound.

It remains to glue one more cardboard part of the silhouette of the guitar with a neck from the wrong side so as to close the paper clips with tied rubber bands. And on top, glue two parts of the body without holes. Thus, we get a semblance of a guitar body with a resonator.

It remains to dry the craft and, if desired, paint it with felt-tip pens or paint.

By the way, if you stretch the strings well, the guitar sounds tolerably and you can play something on it.

Jaromir 4.6 years old, Artur 1.8 years old and mother Anastasia Kalinkova, St. Petersburg.

Tambourine

For the manufacture of a tambourine, we needed the following materials:

• paper ring from adhesive tape;
• multi-colored tape;
• glue;
• containers from shoe covers;
• different cereals;
• nails.

The husband screwed 3 containers for shoe covers to the ring from the adhesive tape to the paper ring. We decorate the ring. We covered it with colored tape. Beans, buckwheat, corn grits were poured inside.

Glued with glue moment, so as not to open. It turned out a tambourine, which can even be given to babies.

Svetlana Chaika, Vitya 4 years old 5 months, Moscow, pos. Kokoshkino.

Noisemaker from pistachio shells

We took the idea of ​​making a musical instrument from pistachio shells from a magazine. First, the shells were soaked for about a day so that they were softer, then they made holes in them. It was not easy, but a special tool for punching holes helped me with this. Then they put one shell on a thread and ordered a knot. It is better to make the bits not long, because during the game they get tangled. I really liked playing the noise, the sound is pleasant, not loud.

Irina Sartakova, son Nick, 5 years old.

Did you like the ideas of creating musical instruments with your own hands? Save yourself on the wall of the social network to repeat with the children!

Kolotygina Svetlana Valentinovna,

music director

MKDOU kindergarten "Mishutka", Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky

Master class for parents and children

"Production of musical instruments from waste material"

A master class for parents and children on making musical instruments from waste material for a noise orchestra and using them in fairy tales - noisemakers.

Target:

- Expand the parents' understanding of the variety of home-made noise musical instruments;

Show techniques and methods for making noise musical instruments from waste material;

Involve children and parents in playing fairy tales - noisemakers using noise musical instruments from waste material;

Promote the development of creative imagination; to promote joint creative work of the child with parents.

Stroke:

Musical director: The mysterious and alluring world of sounds surrounds the baby from early childhood. How to help a little person to take place in the world of musical sounds? Teaching for preschoolers should be not only easy and enjoyable pastime, but also interesting. . Musical instruments for children always remain wonderful, unusual and attractive objects that you really want to play. After all, an instrument for children is a symbol of music, and the one who plays it is almost a magician. The most favorite type of children's orchestra is an orchestra of homemade musical instruments, which allows you to include all children in music making. The use of home-made tools and household items in pedagogical practice not only brings much-needed fascination to children, it is also important from a methodological point of view. They develop ingenuity, associativity and variability of thinking, contribute to the enrichment of the musical ear, especially its timbre-rhythmic component. Practice has proven that children who were closed, thanks to playing home-made musical instruments, liberate themselves and open up from different angles, become more sociable, can perform in front of a large number of people, actively participate in all types of activities.

So what is noise? (answers of parents).

Noise - random non-periodic vibrations of a sounding body.

Unlike musical sounds, noise does not have a precisely defined pitch.

What about noise sounds? (parents' answers)

Noise sounds include crackling, rattling, creaking, rustling, etc., and noise orchestral instruments are devices for producing noise that create a certain rhythmic and timbre flavor.

What do you think, what instruments can be classified as noise orchestral?

Noise orchestral instruments include percussion instruments with an indefinite pitch: drums, gong, cymbals, tambourine, triangle, castanets, etc.

Some noise musical instruments can be made by hand. It is they who cause a special interest in music and the desire to play music. .

Here is something that can always be at hand: tin and plastic cans with dry rice, buckwheat, spoons, pot lids.

All kinds of rattles, combs, baby rattles, keychains, a bag of nuts - a wonderful rustle. Various paper (cellophane, parchment, newspaper, corrugated, etc.) Wooden cubes, blocks. Thread spools. Natural materials: acorns, chestnuts, nuts, cones, shells from them and much more. The music director draws the attention of parents to an exhibition of musical instruments made from waste material:

There are various noise instruments on the table. Take, please, one tool at a time, carefully consider, and try to describe what it is made of and how it can be used.

"Shurshunchiki

Colored plastic "kinder surprises" are filled with beans, peas, seeds or beads, etc. To turn the "rattle" into a "rattle", a hole is made for a stick-holder on one side of the "kinder surprise". For a variety of timbre, rattles can be used as a rattle filler.

"Watch-rustle".

A thin rubber band is pulled through the lid of the matchbox (according to the size of the wrist, and you can put any seeds, cereals, etc. in the box. Putting the watch on your hand, you need to shake your hand to “wake up” the tool. This tool is also convenient to use as reference point (right, left side) when performing musical and rhythmic movements.

"Naughty Caps" Caps from toothpaste, deodorant, varnish in different sizes. With these instruments, children are happy to tap the rhythm of the song, dance. Depending on the timbre of the “voice”, the caps acquired names: grandmother, grandfather, baby.

"Clapperboards".

To create this tool, you need to make two holes in the bottom of the vaseline jar with an awl, thread a thin rubber band through them, fasten with knots inside the jar, leaving a loop of elastic on the outside, closing the lid and connect both parts with adhesive tape. Flappers are put on the palms. Preschool children are very fond of clapping their hands in various rhythms when crackers are “hidden” in them. You can use the same principle to make crackers of their mayonnaise lids.

"Maracas-turners"

Various fillers (cereals, seeds, beans, peas) are poured into jars of chips - these are maracas. If you play on the lid of the maracas with a stick or finger, then it "turns" into a drum. This transformation of the instrument allows it to be used in games to determine the nature of music.

"Drums with Two Voices"

Made from clear plastic raisin containers. The children gave this name to the instrument, noticing the different sound of the drum, if you play on the colored side and on the transparent side.

Sounding Keys.

For convenience, you need to make a rack in the form of the letter P and hang the keys. The percussion instrument can be a nail, spoon or stick (a wooden or plastic mallet may work). Instead of a rack, you can take clothes hangers.

"Bell Ringers"

Metal jars with metal pendants attached to the lid.

"Miracle Castanets"

Double folded cardboard from under the light bulbs. Glue metal caps from beer bottles on both inner sides of the cardboard. The sound is extracted by squeezing the miracle castanets in the palm of the child.

Ratchet "Accordion"

Wooden or plastic parts from the pyramid assembled with an elastic band. The elastic band is tied with a loop on both sides. We stretch, as if playing the harmonica.

Shaker.

Tin cans from coffee, drinks with small bulk items.

Musical director: Children love everything bright, shiny, colorful, so it is advisable to decorate all home-made tools with colored, shiny packaging or self-adhesive paper, etc. Children can decorate all these tools to their taste by pasting them with multi-colored paper.

And now let's call our children and try to make musical instruments with our own hands (children are invited and, together with their parents, make musical instruments with their own hands).

And now I propose to play together with our musical, home-made instruments in the "Orchestra" (the Russian folk melody "Oh, canopy" sounds).

Musical director: One of the most fascinating forms of musical-rhythmic games with noise instruments for a child is telling fairy tales-noise makers. Playing along with musical instruments when telling even the simplest, long-known fairy tale to a child will open up a fascinating world of musical creativity. Such joint play leisure for a child can be organized by parents without special methodological or musical training. In such a fairy tale, the text is composed in such a way that after one or two phrases the child is given the opportunity to depict something with noise.

But still, when choosing the text of a fairy tale, it is necessary to take into account how it suits children in terms of complexity and volume. It is important to determine in advance the noise design for the selected story or fairy tale, semantic accents and pauses, make appropriate notes or symbols in the text. Through the use of tools, a story or a fairy tale becomes more interesting and vivid. Playing the instrument should sound in pauses, illustrating the text. Facial expressions and gestures can tell the child the volume and speed of the game.

An adult must prepare instructions for playing instruments in advance, but at the same time be ready to support the unplanned entry of the child, his creative initiative.

The child should gradually remember the names of the instruments, recognize the sound.

And now the guys and I will show you the fairy tale-noisemaker "Little Red Riding Hood".

Fairy tale-noisemaker "Little Red Riding Hood"

1. (Street organ) Once upon a time there was a little girl. Her name was Little Red Riding Hood. Once

Mom baked a pie and said to her daughter:

Go, Little Red Riding Hood, to your grandmother, bring her a pie and a pot of butter and find out if she is healthy.

2. (Metallophone notes in order) Little Red Riding Hood gathered and went to her grandmother.

The path was not close. Sometimes she walked slowly.

3. (Metallophone notes through one) And singing cheerful songs, she was skipping.

4. (Metallophone - from high to low sounds) Went down the hills.

5. (Rattles and triangle). I admired the beauty of the summer meadow, with butterflies hovering above it.

6. (Metallophone - sounds in order. Hare - xylophone jerky sounds, through a step). On the way, the girl met various forest animals, one of which was a mischievous hare.

7. (Wooden sticks, maracas, drum) And then Little Red Riding Hood entered the dense forest.
8. (Tambourine) Where the terrible gray Wolf spotted her.

9. - Where are you going. Red Riding Hood? - asks the Wolf.

I go to my grandmother and bring her a pie and a pot of butter.

How far does your grandmother live?

Far away, - replies Little Red Riding Hood.

Okay, - says the Wolf, - I also want to visit your grandmother. I'll go down this road, and you go down that one. Let's see which one of us comes first.

10. (Metallophone and tambourine) The Wolf said this and ran, which was in his spirit, along the shortest path. And Little Red Riding Hood went along the longest road.

11. (Tambourine) Before Little Red Riding Hood had even reached the mill, the Wolf had already galloped up to Grandma's house and was knocking on the door: Knock-knock!

12. (Rattle) - Who's there? - asks the grandmother.

13. (Tambourine) - It's me, your granddaughter, Little Red Riding Hood, - the Wolf answers, - I came to visit you, I brought a pie and a pot of butter.

14. Grandmother was sick at the time and was in bed. She thought that it really was Little Red Riding Hood, and she called out:

(Rattle) - Pull the string, my child, the door will open!

15. The wolf pulled the rope - the door opened.

(Tambourine) The Wolf rushed to the grandmother and swallowed her at once. He was very hungry because he had not eaten anything for three days. Then he closed the door, lay down on his grandmother's bed and waited for Little Red Riding Hood.

16. Soon she came and knocked: (Bell) Knock knock!

17. (Tambourine) - Who's there? - asks the Wolf. And his voice is rough, hoarse. Little Red Riding Hood was frightened, but then she thought that her grandmother was hoarse from a cold, and answered:

It's me, your granddaughter. I brought you a pie and a pot of butter!

The wolf cleared his throat and said in a thin voice:

Pull the string, my child, and the door will open. Little Red Riding Hood pulled the rope-door and opened it.

18. The girl entered the house, and the Wolf hid under the covers and said:

Put the pie on the table, granddaughter, put the pot on the shelf, and lie next to me!

Little Red Riding Hood lay down next to the Wolf and asked:

(Sounds tambourine and triangle)

Grandma, why do you have such big hands?

This is to hug you tighter, my child.

Grandma, why do you have such big ears?

To hear better, my child.

Grandma, why do you have such big eyes?

To see better, my child.

Grandma, why do you have such big teeth?

And this is to eat you sooner, my child!

19. (Tambourine) Before Little Red Riding Hood had time to gasp, the Wolf rushed at her.

20. (Drum) But, fortunately, at that time, woodcutters with axes on their shoulders passed by the house. They heard a noise, ran into the house and frightened the wolf.

21. (Quick tapping of the palms on the table) The wolf was so frightened that he released his grandmother and ran away.

22. (clapping hands) And Little Red Riding Hood and Grandmother both remained safe and sound.

Musical director (to parents): Would you like to show a fairy tale noisemaker? (tools are distributed to parents).

Fairy tale "Cowardly Hare".

There lived a cowardly hare in the forest.

Once a hare came out of the house, and a hedgehog in the bushes suddenly rustled! (rattles)

The hare got scared and run away (drumming with fingers)

He ran and ran and sat down on a stump to rest. And the woodpecker on the pine tree will knock! (knock cubes)

The hare rushed to run (drum)

He ran, ran, ran into the very thicket, and there the owl flapped its wings! (ratchet)

A hare ran from the forest to the river (drum)

And on the bank of the river the frogs were sitting (harp made of pencils)

They saw a hare and jumped into the water (ringers)

The hare was delighted that the frogs were afraid of him - and boldly galloped back into the forest.

Reflection: And now let's organize an exhibition of works of musical instruments that you made today with your children.

I suggest that you answer the following questions in writing:

Did you like your work?

What did you learn new about yourself today?

What else would you like to know about music education? (parents write answers in pictures with musical instruments, then they put them on the board to make an orchestra).

If you are traveling by car, or if you just live in a very creative musical family, this workshop is for you. Make fun tools out of ordinary things that everyone in the house can find.

It happens that when a family goes somewhere on a long journey by car, it becomes catastrophically boring. Sometimes, of course, the radio saves, but not always there you can hear songs that both children and parents will like. But with these tools, you will never be bored again!

The sound of such instruments will, of course, be different from the real ones, but they are made so simply and easily that you will not regret taking the time to create them. You will find almost all materials in the kitchen.

What you will need:

• 2 plastic or thick paper small buckets
• 2 strong balls
• 8 wide straws
• scissors
• scotch
• rope
• 2 plastic beaters
• 2 plastic eggs that can be opened (use plastic kinder boxes)
• sprinkling for Easter cakes (or beads)
• hole puncher
• several people who will become musicians!

How to make small bongs

Take buckets. Make holes on the sides with a hole punch, through which you connect the bongs with a string. Next, take the balls and cut off their ends. Now stretch the received materials on the tops of the buckets. Then you can fantasize and decorate bongs.

Now we make cookies

We take straws, put them in a row and shorten them to different lengths. We make cuts (as in the photo), and then glue them together. Attach rope if desired.

Let's start creating maracas

It will be very easy! Take boxes from kinders, place beads or sprinkles for Easter cakes in them. Now put those little jars into plastic whisks. Ready!

Enjoy the music and don't get bored!

Based on materials from the site: http://www.handmadecharlotte.com/

Playing music for children opens the child to the magical world of musical sounds, helps to plunge into the melodic beauty of the sound of instruments, and awaken creative initiative. In a child, it is important to develop everything of value that nature has so generously endowed him with, creating a favorable environment for the formation of a musical culture, based on the innate abilities of the child, revealing and improving the inclinations and inclinations inherent in him.

The goals of conducting classes about musical instruments in kindergarten, specific tasks and techniques

The aesthetic pleasure derived from playing a variety of instruments, accompanying creative and outdoor games contribute to the expansion of the set of musical impressions, the personal development of the child, stimulate creative activity, develop thinking, attention, memory and volitional qualities. That is why it is so important to carry out work on musical education systematically and purposefully, carefully studying the methods and techniques of teaching.

Any instrument is easy to play: you just need to touch the right key at the right time, and the instrument will sound itself.

J. S. Bach

Goals and objectives of the classes, methodological techniques relevant for different groups

Goals: development of musical and creative abilities, education of love for music and artistic taste.

• develop rhythmic hearing;
• introduce the classification and sound of musical instruments;
• teach to play the simplest percussion, noise, string-plucked instruments.

General teaching methods:

• verbal:
  • educational conversation;
  • practical explanations;
  • leading and problematic questions;
  • riddles;
  • poems;
• visual:
  • demonstration and examination of tools;
  • discussion of thematic illustrations;
  • showing the ways and techniques of the game;
• practical:
  • reproduction by children of playing techniques on various musical instruments;
  • improving acquired skills;
  • production of musical instruments and playing aids from improvised and waste material;
• gaming:
  • didactic games;
  • mobile music games.

Video: game "Merry Tambourine"

Music lessons involve a competent alternation of the frontal, group, individual format of the teacher's work with children. This approach allows children to become more deeply acquainted with the expressive possibilities of each instrument, stimulates interest in music-making, creative improvisation, and awakens inspiration for writing.

Methodological methods of working with different age groups

Each age period has its own characteristics and requires its own pedagogical approach. Methodological recommendations also differ.

Age: 2–3 years (first junior group)

Game techniques: children get acquainted with musical instruments while playing out a surprise situation. For example, a bear brought a bag with some amazing items (pipes, rattles, drums, cubes), the kids are examining the instruments, trying to make sounds. Then, to the musical accompaniment, rhythmic movements of different strengths are performed with a rattle, which makes it possible to achieve either a quiet or a loud sound. The lesson turns into a small study, knowledge of the new, and gives its discoveries. This creates an atmosphere of unconstrained joyful surprise and enjoyment from communicating with music. At the next lesson, communication with the forest friend continues, the clubfoot bear offers to dance with him to the sound of a tambourine. Kids will be happy to imitate their favorite hero, moving slowly from foot to foot, waddling and trying to follow the rhythmic pattern of dance movements. In play fun, children also learn:

• to distinguish the sound of different musical instruments;
• identify sounds by pitch;
• develop a sense of rhythm.

Age: 4 years old

Babies of the fourth year of life additionally get acquainted with a musical hammer and a metallophone, they are happy to take part in rhythmic games with instruments. For example, kids are asked to convey the sound of the wheels of a moving train speeding up or slowing down, or the clatter of the hooves of a running horse. In game didactic tasks, children of this age without much difficulty can:

• play fast and slow sound rhythm on one instrument (a smart bunny jumps fast, a big clumsy elephant walks slowly and heavily);
• to distinguish between high and low sounding of the bell;
• convey the elementary rhythmic pattern of the melody;
• recognize the musical instrument they know by its "voice".

Children of middle preschool age master the art of playing the metallophone

Age: 5 years old

Children of this age master the art of playing the metallophone. This instrument helps to develop an ear for music, a sense of rhythm, as well as musical memory. The teacher pays great attention to showing and synchronously explaining the correct position of the body, hand movements. The primary acquaintance with the technique of playing the metallophone takes place in the classroom, and training and consolidation of skills continues during individual communication with children - for example, when a child is asked to draw a rhythmic pattern of his own name with simultaneous voice accompaniment. For a correct image of the rhythm, the teacher suggests first slapping and then reproducing the rhythmic pattern on a tambourine or musical mallets. Of great importance are the reproduction of the melodic line, the observance of the tempo, the coherence of movements.

Playing stringed instruments also develops fine motor skills.

Age: 6 years old

Children get acquainted with new and rather complex string-plucked (harp, zither, harp) and keyboard (accordion, button accordion) instruments. Mastering the ability to play the zither is carried out on an individual basis. Didactic games of a musical orientation are of paramount importance, awakening children's imagination and imagination and developing sensory abilities. In the second half of the year, children begin to master musical literacy. The study of the musical staff and the names of notes takes place with the help of game situations that cause a lively emotional response and cognitive interest; actively used poems, songs, fairy tales.

Stages of acquaintance with musical instruments

Game tricks:

1. Junior preschool age:
   • rattle: strikes with an instrument on the palm or a hard horizontal surface (table, floor); shaking;
   • tambourine: the instrument is fixed in one hand, a blow is struck with the palm or fist of the other hand; shaking;
   • bells: the instrument is held upright, struck with a stick, pushed with a finger, or shaken freely;
   • drum: synchronous, alternating rhythmic beats with sticks or shot;
   • wooden spoons: "patty" reception, hitting the "heel" on the "heel";
   • metallophone: confident driving with a hammer in the air, a blow with a rebound on one plate.
2. Middle preschool age:
   • tambourine: a new technique - a blow with the fingertips;
   • metallophone: practicing the glissando technique (slow sliding from sound to sound);
   • spoons: a new technique - "pancakes" (alternate hits on the "heel" of the left spoon, then on the "heel" of the right spoon).
3. Senior preschool age:
   • glockenspiel:
     • freely unfolding the brush, perform the “hit-rebound” technique;
     • to achieve the correct movement of the hammer up and down;
     • learn to convey a sound rhythmic pattern with the help of percussion;
   • xylophone, rumba: "Bourdon" reception (continuous sound);
   • Acquaintance with the techniques of playing percussive-noise instruments:
     • beaters,
     • maracas,
     • castanets,
     • bells.

Video: concert number (middle and senior preschool age)

Organization of lessons on acquaintance with musical instruments

Lesson structure:

1. Introductory, motivational part:
   • musical welcome,
   • watching a presentation video
   • educational conversation,
   • topic discussion.
2. Main part:
   • creative tasks and exercises,
   • playing children's musical instruments,
   • musical and didactic games.
3. Final part:
   • final conversation between the teacher and the children,
   • gratitude for the active work and interest shown in the lesson.

Interest in music-making will help to awaken the professional approach and personal imagination of the educator, who can use in his work to activate the creative potential of his pupils:

• poems;
• riddles;
• games;
• costume performances;
• demonstration of illustrations;
• listening to a fragment of a piece of music;
• viewing multimedia presentations, videos or animated films.

The thoughtful approach of the educator to the organization of the lesson, comprehensive preliminary preparation will create an informal, lively atmosphere, increase the interest and emotional impact of children.

Table: Introductory Lesson Ideas

Video: acquaintance with musical instruments (GCD - directed educational activity, middle group, author I. V. Tyarina)

Topics for developing conversation:

• "Is it possible to live without music?"
• "Keyboard City"
• "Visiting Wind Instruments"
• "Secrets and mysteries of Russian folk instruments"

Stories about different instruments for the introductory part of the music lesson

You can also use information and communication technology (ICT), supplementing the text with the records of the relevant tool and pictures:

1. From the first moments of a person's life, sounds surround him. In the natural world, music is everywhere. Listen - and you will hear the melody of birds singing, the rustle of autumn leaves under your feet, the rolling sound of the sea wave, the quiet breath of the spring breeze, the chirping of cicadas on a hot summer day. Music surrounds us everywhere, we just need to learn to hear it. People invented a wide variety of instruments, invented a special musical writing, learned how to record melodies with the help of notes. Today we will touch the wonderful world of musical instruments.

   Music is everywhere in the natural world

2. Percussion instruments are a loud, noisy team of instruments. Its most famous, powerful and important member is the drum. Guys, why do you think the drum is round and not triangular? (Only a circle allows you to achieve the necessary skin tension force). With the help of sticks, you can get sounds of different strengths - from the rustle of light steps to a menacing rumble. Drumming is the most difficult performing technique and requires real virtuoso skill from the musician.

   Percussion instruments - the loudest, noisiest, instrument team

3. The family of wind instruments (brass) - leads the parade processions, being a welcome participant in solemn events: the jubilant voices of brilliant handsome men (trumpet, flute, saxophone) perform melodies in honor of the winners of sports competitions, greet the most dear and important guests. Perhaps the name is due to the fact that the magical sounds that delight the listeners will be extracted only by those musicians who put their souls into the game.

   The family of wind instruments (brass) leads the ceremonial processions, a welcome participant in solemn events

4. The commonwealth of string instruments (violin, guitar, cello) has always been very loved by even the most demanding and strict audience due to its gentle and soft sound. In their form, these instruments are very reminiscent of the human body, sounds are extracted with a bow or fingertips. String instruments occupy the most important places in a symphony orchestra - in front of the conductor and the audience.

   In their form, these instruments are very reminiscent of the human body, sounds are extracted with a bow or fingertips.

Video: “How do keyboard and wind musical instruments sound” (cartoon)

Musical and didactic games for the younger group

Variants of game exercises and tasks for kids of two to four years:

• playing to the soundtrack of any popular children's song, tapping "to the beat";
• sound accompaniment to poems;
• sound pictures on the proposed topic (for example, depict a natural phenomenon - rain, wind noise, snowfall);
• fairy tale story in sound (onomatopoeia of fairy tale characters).

"History of squirrels"

In autumn, the squirrels ran along the forest paths, diligently picking mushrooms and nuts for the winter (drumming with their fingers). But fluffy white snowflakes (metallophone) began to quietly fall to the ground, gradually they wrapped the chilled earth with a beautiful snow-white blanket, on which traces of nimble squirrel cubs (triangle) became visible. In their cozy and warm houses in the trees, the squirrels gnawed nuts (spoons). The warmth of their houses was kept by a rug of dry leaves (by rustling noise instruments). And it was cold outside, an icy wind (flute) was blowing.

"On the meadow"

Forest animals came running to a sunny clearing to warm up - diverse music sounds, conveying images of animals: a slowly waddling bear, a quickly jumping bunny, a cautiously sneaking chanterelle. Kids need to guess who is who and show in motion and sound.

Toddlers need to portray the image of the animal in motion and sound

"Droplets and Rays"

Children listen attentively to music depicting the sound of rain. Kids need to tap the rain with claps, convey the smooth movements of gentle sunlight on a musical instrument. Children independently choose the appropriate instrument, come up with dance moves.

"Musical Flowers"

A game to recognize the nature of the melody.

The pictures are on the table. Children listen to the soundtrack, take turns determining the nature of the music, choosing the appropriate flower and showing it.

Each baby has one flower, if a melody sounds that matches the mood of the expression on the face of his flower, then the child raises his card.

The middle of the flower depicts options for the emotional state

The middle of the flower depicts options for the emotional state:

• gentle, affectionate, calm, pacifying;
• sad, melancholy, melancholic;
• perky, joyful, mischievous.

Games for middle and high school age

In middle and older preschool age, children can already cope with more difficult tasks.

"Rhythmic Ornaments"

The game develops the idea of ​​high and low, long and short, smooth and sharp sounds. Didactic material: pictures with a graphic image of a rhythmic pattern.

The game develops the idea of ​​high and low, long and short, smooth and sharp sounds.

Children are invited to clap, play on instruments, show with the help of voice or plasticity of movements the musical pattern depicted on the card.

"Rhythmic fence"

The game reinforces the concept of a strong beat, develops a sense of rhythm. The teacher slams melodies of different genres (polka, waltz, march) with an emphasis on the downbeat, demonstrating the appropriate card.

The game reinforces the concept of a strong beat, develops a sense of rhythm

"Choose a picture"

An exercise to reinforce the concept of musical tempo. Children listen to a piece of music, determine the tempo (fast, slow, very fast, very slow) and choose a picture depicting an animal whose character and temperament correspond to the musical tempo.

An exercise to reinforce the concept of musical tempo

"Guess the musical instrument"

Musical fragments are played by a musical instrument, children recognize it by sound and point to the corresponding card.

Children recognize the instrument by its sound and point to the corresponding card

"Magic Screen"

The game expands the musical horizons, develops memory and attention. Children must recognize the song, remember the name, pick up a picture depicting an episode from a popular cartoon. From the picture, the child determines the cartoon, remembers and sings a song.

From the picture, the child determines the cartoon, remembers and sings a song

"Lotto for little musicians"

The game trains the ability of pitch hearing. It uses two groups of cards:

The child chooses an instrument and performs a melody ascending, descending or on one sound: up from the first to the fifth, down from the fifth to the first, on the same line.

"The Fourth Extra"

The game reinforces knowledge about percussion, strings, wind and keyboard instruments. The child is offered a sheet with images of 4 musical instruments, where three belong to the same type, and the fourth does not. The picture that falls out of the logical series, the child closes with a card.

The violin does not belong to the group of keyboards

"Musician Cube"

To play, you will need a large cube, it can be made from a packing box or from a modular constructor element, images of children's musical instruments are glued to the edge of the cube. The cube should be light, attractive. The players, accompanied by musical accompaniment, throw it in a circle, the music stops, the children stop playing. The child, who has a cube in his hands, calls the instrument drawn on the upper face, approaches the table, takes the corresponding musical instrument and plays a melody, repeating the rhythmic pattern after the teacher.

The child names the instrument drawn on the top face, goes to the table, takes the corresponding musical instrument and plays a melody

"Ladder"

Items for the game: a five-step ladder made of building kit elements, toys, children's musical instruments. The first player plays a melody, the second player determines the direction of the sound movement and moves the toy to the upper step, the lower one, or leaves it on the same step.

The player determines the direction of the sound movement of the melody and moves the toy up the stairs

Video: playing musical instruments (senior group)

Table: riddles about musical instruments

Video: musical and didactic game "Guess the musical instrument"

Project development algorithm

A creative project to get acquainted with musical instruments is a combined and expanded version of the implementation of cognitive and creative activities that combines several multidirectional artistic, aesthetic and practical activities (musical development, fiction, drawing, appliqué, making children's musical instruments, concert performances, etc.). ) that have a common theme.

Project types:

• short-term - from one lesson to one week;
• long-term - from a month to a year.

Project development algorithm:

• preparatory work;
• main part;
• final stage.

Directions and forms of implementation:

• intellectual and cognitive development:
  • educational conversations with parents and pupils;
  • quizzes and musical didactic games;
  • hometasks;
  • demonstration material and visual aids (games, presentations, information stands, folders, sliders, a music museum or corner, albums, an exhibition of children's drawings, etc.);
  • festive musical and theatrical events;
  • excursions, visits to museum expositions and concerts;
• educational games (musical and didactic, artistic, role-playing).
• practical activities in the manufacture of musical instruments;
• verbal techniques aimed at activating attention and developing memory (poems, tongue twisters, riddles, folklore materials, fairy tales);
• costumed musical entertainment, concert, musical lounge (with the participation of a musical worker).

Table: musical project "Russian Miracle Instruments"

Table: musical project "Russian folk instruments", author E. A. Glushko

Video: Kindergarten Music Day

DIY children's musical instruments

Such crafts are easy and simple to make with children.

Maracas "Herringbone" and "Flower", "Noise" from the box

Materials and tools:

• a large bottle of children's champagne,
• smaller bottle of juice
• box,
• sets of colored and corrugated paper,
• sheet of standard size paper
• markers,
• simple pencil,
• scissors,
• PVA glue,
• cereals, peas, salt.

For noise musical instruments you need containers, filler and paper for pasting

Step-by-step instruction:

1. Prepare a long strip of colored corrugated paper four to five centimeters wide, apply glue and shape the body of the juice bottle.
   

   Prepare a long strip of colored corrugated paper four to five centimeters wide, apply glue and shape the body of the juice bottle

2. Cut from corrugated paper ribbons of two colors 8 and 10 cm wide, the length depends on the diameter of the bottles. Cut strips on one side of the tape.

   Cut corrugated paper into strips of two colors 8 and 10 cm wide

3. Apply a strip of glue along the edge of a wide strip and glue a narrow strip of a different color to it.

   Apply a strip of glue along the edge of a wide strip and glue a narrow strip of a different color to it

4. Prepare another strip for the neck about six centimeters wide and make cuts in the same way.

   Prepare another strip for the neck about six centimeters wide and make cuts in the same way

5. Glue the body of a large bottle starting from the base, glue the neck in a spiral motion.

   Glue the main part of the bottle body, starting from the base, glue the neck in a spiral motion

6. On A4 paper, draw a circle of thirteen to fourteen centimeters (with a compass or circle the finished template).

   On A-4 paper, draw a circle thirteen to fourteen centimeters (with a compass or circle the finished template)

7. Divide the circle into eight parts, round off the edges of the inner triangles in the form of petals.

   Divide the circle into eight parts, round off the edges of the inner triangles in the form of petals

8. Cut out a flower, draw a round center according to the size of the neck and make cuts along the lines.

   Cut out a flower, draw a round center according to the size of the neck and make cuts along the lines

9. Draw two blanks with colored pencils or felt-tip pens (optional).
   

   Draw two blanks with felt-tip pens or colored pencils

10. Put the blanks on the neck of the bottle, pour the noise material into the bottles.

    Put the blanks on the neck of the bottle, pour the cereal into the bottles

11. Prepare bright colored strips three to five centimeters wide and two squares, paste over the box; we do not glue one of the back sides, we leave the opportunity for falling asleep cereals in a box. Pour the filler into the box.

    Prepare bright colored strips three to five centimeters wide and two squares, paste over the box

12. Screw on the lids, close the box: the musical toys are ready!

    Musical toys are ready

Instruction:

1. Paste over mayonnaise jars with colored paper blanks.
2. Pass bright ribbons through the side holes.

With my own hands. Of course, it will not be possible for a master unprepared for this type of activity to make a violin or piano without special training, materials, and devices at home. And this is a fact that should be accepted unconditionally. But how to make fairly simple musical instruments with your own hands - our article will tell those who are interested.

Where to find the source material for crafts

Any object from which sound can be extracted belongs to the musical. And this is almost everything that surrounds us! If you carefully follow one-year-old babies, it will become clear: the back of an iron bed, when hit with a spoon, makes a melodic ringing, similar to the sound of a metallophone. And if you knock wooden spoons on the table and chairs, you get an amazing likeness

It turns out that we are surrounded by continuous musical instruments! With your own hands, you only need to decorate them in the right way, collect them in one place and plant a “musician” next to them.

Gift for a drummer

For example, a beautiful one is obtained from a set of pots, lids and wooden sticks. Pencils, wooden spoons, brushes are suitable as the latter. You can also carve special sticks for a beginner drummer out of wood.

As you can see from the photo, making these with your own hands is quite simple. For beauty, you can even come up with a special emblem and decorate each item with it. For "plates" fit metal lids, mounted on a stand. By the way, next to the pots, metal buckets, mugs, bowls, basins will get along wonderfully. The main thing in this matter is to choose containers of various sizes that are capable of making different sounds.

Spoon tool

Everyone knows such Russian as spoons. Even solo numbers are practiced, where the performers manage to perform quite interesting compositions.

You can expand the possibilities of spoon musicians by creating an entire installation for them. She needs a wooden matryoshka. By arranging them in ascending order of volume, you can get an excellent tool-installation.

DIY Guiro

Skilled woodworkers can make quite professional musical instruments. Handmade rattles are also of interest to musicians today.

Initially, guiros were made from the fruits of the gourd tree, on which notches were made. Its origin is considered to be Latin America. Modern guiros are musical instruments made by hand from solid wood with notches, which should be driven with a scraper called "pua". The musician thus extracts interesting chirping sounds, accompanying singing or performing his part in the orchestra.

Today, this kind of musical instruments appear, made with their own hands from metal or plastic tubes. In Russia, rattles made of notched wooden planks were an analogue of the guiro.

Maracas, shakers - rattles

You can make musical noise instruments with your own hands from a variety of containers. For crafts, metal coffee cans, plastic yogurt bottles, Kinder surprise egg boxes, wooden caskets, and even inner cylinders from paper towels or cardboard toilet paper are suitable. Only the latter need to be sealed at both ends so that something can be put there. A shaker is also made from two disposable cups, gluing them together with adhesive tape.

To create a sound effect, cereals, sand, small pebbles, beads, shot, buttons are placed inside the container. You can attach handles to round containers, paint them with acrylic paints. Then you get very beautiful musical noise instruments, which you can build with your own hands from improvised materials.

Castanets

Children are very fond of making a variety of crafts with adults. DIY musical instruments can also be made at home.

You can make castanets using two large buttons to which loops are attached. These devices are put on the thumb and middle fingers. The knock of the castanets at their contact and the sound is extracted.

From absolutely unnecessary things prepared for taking to the trash, you can make quite interesting crafts. Do-it-yourself musical instruments are created by gluing covers onto cardboard pieces, after which the blanks must be fastened together, folding them perpendicular to each other.

Tambourine

Often in children's musical instruments there are bells and bells that ring beautifully. You can hang them on an empty paper towel cylinder or on the edges of disposable plates fastened together. It is best to fold the latter asymmetrically.

By coloring the instruments brightly made in this way, you can use them in a noise children's orchestra.

Whistles and pipes

It's easy and simple to make DIY hands that make sounds when the performer blows into them. They are made from hollow stems of blades of grass, bark of twigs, plastic handles, straws from cocktails. If the latter are cut diagonally at different lengths, then you can get whistles that make a different sound.

Whistles are also obtained from the pods of beans, peas or acacia. In childhood, everyone at least once, but "played" such a musical instrument.

Craftsmen make pipes out of wood by cutting holes in hollow tubes. But here special skill is required. No less difficult - and just as interesting! - make a toy whistle out of clay or salt dough. Usually, a variant of the "Dymkovo" toy is used here. Although you can make a little thing by hiding a ready-made whistle inside. Having made several of these toys that make sounds of different pitches, you can even play some melodies on them.

You can make homemade musical instruments with your own hands from almost nothing. For example, a cap from a plastic bottle, on which a piece of rubber cut out of a burst balloon is stretched, will become an exciting toy for a child.

You can also use empty vials as a whistle. If you blow into the inlet from top to bottom, applying the container only to the lower lip and holding it vertically, you can make amazing sounds! The musicians change the inclination of the “instrument”, the distance between the lips and the opening of the bubble, the force of blowing air, and various melodies are born into the world.

"Litrofon", or "singing bottles"

Today, more and more often, performers with such interesting instruments come on stage that you can only wonder! And from what only they do not make them! You can make it yourself, for example, from bottles or wine glasses, filling them with water.

Different heights of emitted sounds are achieved due to the amount of liquid being poured, the material for making dishes, and changing the volume of the container. The less water is poured, the thinner the sound. For beauty and convenience, the liquid is tinted.

Harp, or "musical comb"

Taking an ordinary flat comb (“hedgehog” will not work), you need to cover the location of the teeth with foil or tissue paper. By blowing into this simple instrument, you can make cool rattling sounds.

Talented musicians from the stages perform various musical compositions on the harp, up to classical ones. Particularly interesting is this tool, made from a comb with different thicknesses of teeth.

The main theme of Oginsky's "Polonaise" or the melody of a folk song/hit come out surprisingly similar to the original!

DIY guitar

This is truly amazing! But you can even make a guitar with your own hands from improvised materials, but simply from rubbish.

Closed cardboard boxes, empty flat plastic shampoo bottles are taken as the basis. Of course, the sound of the instrument will depend on the material of the guitar frame and the size of the hole cut in it.

It is also important to choose the right strings for the guitar. Most often, they take clerical or aviation rubber bands and pull them with different strengths.

So now you do not need to run to the children's toy store if the baby is capricious. After all, you can simply make an exciting toy for him - a musical instrument that will become the most beloved and expensive thing for the child.