Plaster for damp rooms, protection against moisture penetration. What kind of plaster to choose for wet rooms? Cement-based plasters for wet rooms

Waterproof plaster is a versatile coating that may well become a good barrier that prevents the penetration of moisture into various buildings. Wet room plaster is a modern finishing material that is in great demand today among the masters involved in repairs. Buying quality plaster is not as difficult as it seems at first glance, but you need to carefully study the characteristics of the material in order to make a really right choice.

Plaster for wet rooms: varieties of material

It's no secret that modern plaster can be used to achieve the following goals - decorative interior decoration, renovation in the bathroom, etc. However, the main purpose of any plaster is protection from moisture.

The material performs this task perfectly, because it has a number of advantages:

• Excellent waterproofing characteristics. Plaster can be used for both interior and exterior work. The material is usually used for finishing rooms that suffer from high humidity due to a sharp temperature drop.
• Good plasticity and ease of application. Decorative, gypsum or cement plaster is easily applied to the surface, forming a durable and even insulating layer. Also, bathroom plaster is leveled with a conventional spatula, so you do not need to buy expensive equipment.
• Environmental friendliness. As mentioned above, waterproof plaster can be decorative, cement or gypsum. These materials do not emit any harmful substances, are resistant to high temperatures and are quite durable.
• Versatility. Plaster is perfect for bathrooms, boiler rooms or other wet areas, regardless of the type of substrate on which it will be applied.
• High strength. As a rule, plaster forms a solid waterproofing layer that does not lose its original qualities for a long time.
• Affordable price. Nowadays, many people who are starting repairs in their apartment want to buy waterproof plaster, and the affordable price of the material only contributes to an increase in demand.

The fact that modern plaster is ideally combined with such bases as brick, cinder block, natural stone and others deserves special attention.

Plaster for wet rooms: the most famous brands

Today, manufacturers offer various waterproof plasters at an affordable price, but we recommend paying attention to the following types of material that have already proven themselves from the best side:

1. Bergauf Praktik. Such a mixture is usually used for repair work in rooms where the humidity level does not exceed the norm. The plaster is perfect for working on concrete, old cement, drywall and masonry.
2. Founds PC22. This composition is intended mainly for leveling brick and concrete walls. Also, the technical characteristics of the plaster make it possible to use it for interior and exterior decoration of premises, regardless of their degree of humidity.
3. Founds PC23. This plaster is used by craftsmen, both for interior and exterior decoration. The main advantages of the mixture are good vapor permeability, resistance to sudden changes in temperature and laying in a thin layer.
4. Stroybrig Tanilit. Cement plaster, which boasts ease of application, excellent strength and other positive characteristics. A similar composition is usually used for finishing facades and leveling walls.
5. Volma Aquasloy. This mixture is one of the lightest in its class. It consists of various fillers, polymers and mineral additives, which favorably affect the performance properties of the plaster. As a result, such a solution is quite strong and reliable.
6. Weber Vetonit TT40. Cement plaster of rather high quality. It is resistant to various kinds of mechanical stress, therefore it is often used by craftsmen to level walls and ceilings in residential premises.
7. Founds PC117. High-quality material, which is intended for the base plaster layer. Such a solution is almost indispensable for the insulation of facades and interior finishing work.

As you can see, each of the above materials has clear advantages, so when choosing a plaster, first of all, you need to take into account the performance characteristics of the mixtures.

Experts recommend paying particular attention to the decoration of rooms with high humidity: do not use materials that are not able to withstand the aggressive effects of temperature and moisture changes. For example, it is not recommended to use wallpaper or gypsum putty in the bathroom - very soon the room will need repairs again.

But polymer and cement plasters are resistant to such influences. Modern high-tech materials for wall decoration, which include moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom, make it possible to use it in rooms with a high level of humidity along with traditional materials - tiles, panels, paint.

Moisture resistant plaster: types, application

Today, domestic and foreign manufacturers of finishing materials offer a fairly wide range of waterproof mixtures. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the most common options and the possibilities for their use in a humid environment.

Depending on the substances included in the moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom, there are:

• silicate;
• mineral;
• acrylic;
• silicone.

It is important to choose the right type of this material so that the work done does not disappoint you.

mineral plaster

Mineral plaster in its composition contains lime and cement. To give texture, marble, carefully crushed, is additionally added to it. The larger the pieces of marble, the deeper the relief of the plastered surface. This is a waterproof plaster for the bathroom. Its protective properties are explained by the fact that its composition includes hydro-resistant components.

It is convenient to take care of such a surface - most of the contaminants are easily washed off with water. The mineral finish has excellent water and vapor permeability. Thanks to this, the walls "breathe". In addition, this material is resistant to mechanical stress and has a long service life. Almost all varieties of this material are made in light colors. When choosing this moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom, one should take into account its small drawbacks - low elasticity and intolerance to vibrations.

Polymer plaster

Acrylic (polymer) plaster is a mixture made on a water basis. It is already ready for use. It consists of ash elements and synthetic resins, crushed marble and glass. These compounds are tintable, so there are usually no problems with choosing a color scheme.

Such moisture-resistant decorative plaster for the bathroom has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of such compositions include resistance to moisture, but at the same time, like any polymer, it does not let steam through at all, therefore its use in rooms with poor ventilation is not recommended. Another indisputable advantage of such a coating is its long service life - such plaster will last you up to fifty years.

The best acrylic plasters

Cement-polymer mixture that has waterproofing. Shows good results when applied under ceramic tiles.

Consolit 540

Waterproofing plaster, which is a multi-component composition based on a polymer-cement mixture.

Dufa Kratzputz aussen

Acrylic plaster. It is used as a moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom with a decorative effect. It has an original texture - "orange peel".

Stuc Granito, Stuc Deco

Moisture-resistant mixtures containing a polymer as a binder. They have excellent decorative properties.

silicone plaster

The composition of this plaster includes silicone resins. For those who want to make repairs in the bathroom for a long time, we recommend that you pay attention to these compositions. The durability of silicone plaster is more than sixty years.

The bathroom is good because it repels water from the surface, and is also easy to clean. On such surfaces, a fungus or mold never starts. Moisture-resistant silicone-based plaster tolerates ultraviolet radiation well.

Silicate decorative plaster

This finishing material is based on potash glass, which is sometimes called liquid glass. Surfaces covered with silicate plaster perfectly repel water, they protect the walls from the appearance of mold and fungus. In addition, this material has a high vapor permeability. This moisture-resistant bathroom plaster is also attractive with a huge selection of colors - there are more than 250 shades.

The disadvantages of this material, buyers include a rather high price (from 3.5 to 5 thousand rubles per 25 kg).

Gypsum compositions

Opinions of experts differ about this material: some believe that it is not very suitable for finishing a bathroom, others argue that moisture-resistant gypsum plaster for a bathroom is good, but subject to good ventilation in the room. The fact is, gypsum has one drawback - it actively absorbs moisture. Despite this, gypsum plaster is quite often used to finish the bathroom, especially the ceiling.

Buyers are attracted by the whiteness of this material, which greatly facilitates painting, ease of application and surface leveling and quick drying. In order to eliminate the main drawback, additives (for example, PVA glue) are used in the preparation of the composition and the coating of the plaster layer with a special water-repellent primer. The applied layer should be no more than 25 mm.

The application of moisture-resistant (gypsum-based) is justified in the case of using compositions from well-known manufacturers. They produce mixtures with the addition of special ingredients. For example, moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom ("Knauf") Rotband, based on gypsum, is designed specifically for rooms where humidity is very high. You can also note the ready-made moisture-resistant composition "UNIS Teplon".

Moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom should be chosen, taking into account what the finish coat will be. Quite often, in rooms, the walls are lined with ceramic tiles. In this case, the requirement for the strength of the material under constant exposure to moisture and the ideal alignment of the walls comes first. The color of the plaster and the appearance of minor cracks do not play a significant role, since it is masked by tiles. Therefore, the use of cement-polymer and cement mixtures is justified.

A different approach is required when preparing walls for painting. With the help of paint it will not be possible to hide even the smallest defects, rather, they will appear more. Any slightest cracking is unacceptable. These requirements are fully met by gypsum plaster.

In recent years, more and more preference is given to moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom, which does not require additional coating. This issue can be solved with the help of decorative plaster, which is also produced in a waterproof version. The decorating effect can be achieved in different ways: three-dimensional texture, different colors, imitation of natural materials.

It is not recommended to apply a layer with deep furrows (for example, the so-called bark beetle plaster), since microorganisms can multiply in them. Of the finished compositions, moisture-resistant plaster for the Knauf bathroom has proven itself perfectly (their price ranges from 350 to 730 rubles per 25 kg).

The combination of areas with decorative plaster and tiled cladding looks very original. When creating an unusual interior, Venetian plaster is often used today. To increase the reliability of such coatings, it is recommended to cover them with a protective layer. The most common are wax formulations, for example, "Optimist".

Experts recommend in rooms with high humidity to play it safe and use additional protection against the effects of moisture. This is achieved by applying a very thin primer layer from the Aquastop composition.

It is necessary to carefully choose a moisture-resistant decorative plaster for the bathroom. Price is sometimes crucial, but saving on these formulations is not worth it, since inexpensive mixtures from unknown manufacturers do not always guarantee high quality.

Wall preparation

Before applying moisture resistant plaster, it is necessary to prepare the walls. First remove the old coating. Paint, for example, is convenient to burn out with a blowtorch. You can go the other way - cover the surface with a special strengthening compound. Be sure to check the walls for strength. If the technical plaster is not holding well somewhere (and you will hear this by a dull sound when tapping), then it must be removed.

Large chips or potholes are sealed with new mortar. Preparing the walls in the bathroom before applying the plaster involves a certain surface roughness, in contrast to the preparation before other types of finishes, when they achieve the ideal smoothness of the wall. If the surface turned out to be too smooth, then it is necessary to make notches on it - they will provide good adhesion to the decorative composition.

Before starting work with plaster, the wall is treated with a degreasing compound and rubbed a little with a metal brush to get rid of dust.

Applying plaster

Wall decoration with moisture-resistant plaster involves the sequential application of three layers: base, rough and finish (protective). The base layer of finishers is called splatter. First, the surface of the wall is abundantly moistened with water. Then, until the moisture is absorbed, a thick solution is collected with a small ladle and thrown onto the wall. The thickness of this layer should not exceed 0.5 cm. It can reach 1 cm if the surface is wooden.

The spray is done so that the entire wall is covered with the solution. At the same time, do not level the mixture - it should solidify in its original form.

When the first layer dries, you can take on the rough layer. It needs to be leveled. For this fit spatula and trowel. First, a small amount of plaster is thrown onto the surface, just as in the first layer. Then the composition is leveled. After that, it is necessary to smooth the surface with a wooden trowel, periodically wetting it with water. The movements must be circular. Check the surface with a level.

And finally, it remains to apply the final layer. It is started after the previous one has dried. The wall is again abundantly moistened with water. Moisture-resistant putty is applied with a trowel, after which it is rubbed with a trowel to a flat surface. When working with a trowel, experienced plasterers recommend keeping it at an angle of 20 °. This will facilitate the process, and the material will lie more evenly. If you want to apply a decorative pattern, this is done immediately, before the mortar has hardened.

We examined the features of applying plaster on. If you do everything right, you will get a beautiful and durable surface. The main thing is to choose the right material and knead the dry composition strictly according to the instructions that are indicated on each package.

For finishing rooms with high humidity, a special material is used - plaster for wet rooms. This coating allows you to increase the level of protection of the walls of basements, rooms located in the basement of buildings and bathrooms. Waterproof plaster is not in vain considered a universal remedy that does not require special skills when using and investing large financial resources.

The main property of plaster for wet rooms is its increased moisture resistance. It is used both for leveling walls made of bricks and cinder blocks, and for leveling and decorating gypsum, cement and foam concrete surfaces.

There are several ways to apply plaster, depending on the material used and the surfaces to which the plaster will be applied. You can apply a ready-made special mixture, prepare a moisture-resistant plaster yourself or treat an already plastered surface with a special water-repellent solution.

Features of moisture resistant plaster

• It is made from environmentally friendly components, which makes it possible to use it even in residential areas. It does not contain harmful impurities, which allows you to apply plaster in places with high temperatures. Such mixtures are not radioactive and harmless;
• ease of use is due to the plasticity of such a mixture. When applying plaster, there is no need for any special technical devices; application on surfaces is carried out with ordinary spatulas;
• has increased strength, resulting in a smooth surface, without the formation of cracks. The ability to add a hardener before applying to the surface to be plastered will give the mixture resistance to cracking even in rooms that may not be heated for a long time or in which there are sharp temperature fluctuations, as well as where the temperature is often much higher than normal;
• protection against high humidity - allows the use of such mixtures for both internal and external finishing work. After the applied plaster dries, a waterproofing layer is formed that protects any surface from moisture penetration.

The process of preparing moisture-resistant plaster

You can also prepare a waterproof plaster mixture yourself; for this, hardeners that increase moisture resistance are used, which are added to the sand-cement mixture in proportions one to one. Lime or other substitute hardeners may be used.

If it is necessary to protect an already plastered surface, then waterproofing impregnations or mixtures will be needed for this.

Before proceeding with the application of plaster on the surfaces of interest to us, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work, which includes: cleaning walls and surfaces from old layers of paint, plaster and, most importantly, dust that has already been or may appear during repair work. This is done for better adhesion of the applied layer of water-repellent plaster to the treated surface. Therefore, the better the cleaning of excess stains, paint and plaster is done, the better and smoother the new layer will lie.

What to do with the surface on which whitewash has been applied? One can hope that the plaster will lie well on the lime surface, but it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve the necessary adhesion of the new layer with the old whitewash. Therefore, it is also better to clean off or wash off such a layer. It is possible to use a special impregnation, which is also intended for the treatment of concrete surfaces. It should not be forgotten that the impregnation is applied several times, with pauses of about half an hour. Complete drying of such an impregnation will occur in ten hours. Drying times are approximate - observe ambient temperature and manufacturer's instructions.

The mixture for using wall plastering must be mixed well, regardless of whether you use ready-made or prepared yourself. In such a mixture there should not be any undissolved lumps - the quality of the work performed depends on this. A poorly mixed mixture will begin to crack very quickly, the waterproofing effect will be impaired.

In the process of plastering, the temperature regime should also be taken into account. It is worth using such mixtures at a temperature not lower than plus five and not higher than thirty degrees. Violation of technology when using such plaster can lead to its peeling and subsequent alteration of the work performed.

The work itself is carried out in several stages:

• the main layer of plaster is applied to the prepared surface with throwing movements;
• after some time (usually three hours is enough), a leveling layer is applied;
• after drying (five to six hours), final grouting of the surface.

How do you use wet room plaster? details in the comments!

Today, along with other options for finishing bathroom walls, the use of decorative moisture-resistant plasters is in demand.

Walls covered with such plaster acquire the texture of natural stone, marble, while they perfectly resist moisture and are not afraid of high air temperature in the bathroom.

And, if the laying of tiles on the walls requires special training and knowledge of the technological features of the work, then you can easily finish the walls with decorative plaster on your own.

Moisture resistant bathroom plasters are made on the basis of lime with the addition of Portland cement, clay and polymer binders.

Depending on the components included in its composition, it is possible to obtain a very different surface texture - from rough to absolutely smooth. Such plasters are also called "Venetian".

Advantages of moisture resistant decorative plaster

The main advantages of moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom include:

• lack of hygroscopicity. Such plaster does not absorb moisture.
• resistance to the spread of mold and mildew. Quality is very important for materials used in wet areas.
• vapor permeability allows the plaster to "breathe" without accumulating water vapor.
• variety of colors. Allows you to choose the desired shade of plaster. Does not require painting.
• sufficient cost-effectiveness of finishing.
• very high adhesion to any surfaces. It is possible to apply moisture-resistant plaster on concrete, MDF, drywall without preliminary preparation and surface priming.
• high aesthetic qualities. The appearance of decorative moisture-resistant plaster allows you to give the interior of the room a very special, noble look.

The main areas of application of such plasters are the repair of walls and ceilings, the solution of design problems in a given style, the restoration of interior coatings.

What decorative plaster looks like in the interior, you can see in the photo below:

You can watch a video about the advantages of decorative plasters below:

Applying Venetian plaster

Before applying the plaster, you need to level the walls, as the layer of decorative plaster is too thin to hide the existing defects.

Only after the surface is completely ready, you can proceed directly to the decorative finish.

A primer (primer) is applied to the surface to be finished with plaster, which improves the adhesion of the plaster material to the surface material.

The primer is best applied with a paint roller.

Decorative plaster is diluted with water from a dry mixture. To do this, pour water into a container of a suitable size, add a coloring pigment to give the desired shade to the plaster, and then pour in the dry mixture.

The proportions of dye, dry plaster and water are approximately 5-6 liters of water per 16 kg of dry mix and up to 3 cans of 400 ml of dye.

The mixture is properly stirred with a mixer until a homogeneous consistency and then proceed to its application.

Moisture-resistant plaster can be applied with a small trowel or spatula.

Application takes place in two layers. In this case, the first layer sets the main texture of the surface, and the second layer fills in some irregularities and is applied over the slightly dried first layer (after 1-2 hours).

If a rough surface is not required, then the dried plaster is polished after application with a fine, non-crumbling sponge or spatula.

When using two colors, you can create interesting artistic effects that stylize the surface of the walls like natural materials.

A video of applying moisture-resistant Venetian plaster is presented below.

This article will discuss the possibility of using various types of plasters for finishing the surfaces of the bathroom and other wet areas. Our main task is to choose an adequate option for use in difficult conditions.

Leveling and decorating the base

Despite innovations in the construction industry, not all apartment owners in new buildings can boast of even walls. And when their curvature is especially annoying in the bathroom, it is worth sacrificing a few square centimeters of space to give the room a decent look. This can be done using special moisture-resistant plasterboard sheets mounted on a frame or glued. And it is better to go the way of plastering the surface - so you can make more efficient use of the already small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe bathroom.

In general, the use of plaster for wet rooms can solve two global problems:

1. preparation of the base for subsequent finishing work. This can be tiling or some other piece materials, painting, applying decorative plaster, etc.;
2. giving the base a finished look with the help of thin-layer decorative compositions. And if in the first case the choice is small, then in terms of design, the number of options is almost incalculable. But more on that later.

Alignment of walls (or ceiling) is carried out using solutions based on binders such as cement or gypsum. Usually they prefer ready-made dry mixes with verified proportions of the components, but this does not prevent you from kneading the solution yourself. We will talk about the advisability of using gypsum plaster below, but for now we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the approximate prices for dry mixes.

(*) Given the incomprehensible situation with the exchange rate of the Russian ruble and the abrupt change in prices for dry mixes, the table provides an estimated cost solely for comparing compositions on the “more expensive-cheaper” principle.

We did not give as examples the entire range of Ceresit and Knauf plasters. You can get acquainted with them in separate articles. The same applies to decorative plasters. Basically, you can use any Venetian plaster. Just do not forget to use a protective compound as a finishing layer. For example, wax for plaster Optimist. At a price of 500-800 rubles. per kg, the package is enough to treat a surface of 10-15 square meters. m.

What solution to use for leveling

This question is ambiguous - it all depends on the specific situation. For example, gypsum coatings are very afraid of operating conditions with high humidity. The direct impact of water is like death for them. The solution suggests itself to isolate the leveled plane from the external environment. This can be done using a coating type waterproofing composition. It would seem that the problem is solved. But even in this situation there is a risk. Let's assume that you plastered the walls and ceiling along the lighthouses, protected them from damp air with waterproof mortars, and glued the tiles. And after some time, the neighbors from above accidentally forgot to turn off the tap or knocked over a bucket of water on the floor, which will surely have time to seep to you. Moisture in this case will come into contact with the plaster from the unprotected side. This will cause it to swell and reduce adhesion. In the worst situation, tiles can fall off the walls.

But there are mixtures that are labeled as "moisture-resistant plaster." They are also gypsum, but due to their composition they make it possible to obtain a surface for which exposure to moist air is not terrible.

The video below discusses situations when gypsum plaster can be used, and when it is better to use cement compositions for finishing bathrooms. Well, in general, it is shown to what state it is better to refine the base for the subsequent gluing of tiles.

Why do so many finishers use gypsum plaster when leveling bathroom walls? Everything is explained by the fact that this composition is the easiest to work with. In fact, "for themselves" these people work with cement mortar - it's more reliable.

And for good reason: it is the cement mortar that is considered the most successful solution for the bathroom. It has good adhesion to stone substrates, water resistance, durability. Below is a video on how to carry out plaster work in the bathroom. We are talking about leveling the base for the subsequent gluing of tiles. The video demonstrates the approach to the installation of beacons and the use of an adhesive layer for better adhesion of cement-based plaster.

In most cases, you can get by with the usual dry plaster mix M150. It is produced by many manufacturers, and it is quite capable of coping with the task of leveling the base in the bathroom and other wet areas. Advantages: low cost, availability, ease of use and high quality of the finished surface. Disadvantages: high consumption (per 1 sq. m. 18-20 kg with a layer 10 mm thick), it is necessary to withstand a significant pause in order to achieve the desired properties of the coating.

Often, lighthouses are fixed with gypsum plaster, using cement plaster to form a leveling layer. After it has set, it is imperative to remove the beacons and clean the wall from traces of gypsum mortar.
If you are going to lay tiles for the first time, but are dealing with an uneven base, do not rely on the possibility of adjusting the plane due to the adhesive solution. Better work on the wall with plaster. A perfectly flat wall is much easier to veneer!
You can experiment with a solution, the components for which are cement and liquid glass. It sets quickly and gains strength just as quickly, but it allows you to get a really high-quality waterproof coating.
Regardless of the degree of water resistance of the finished plastered surface, it should be additionally treated with a deep penetration primer or suitable waterproofing compounds, for example, the same Aquastop, etc.
We must not forget that high humidity carries not only the threat of destruction of the finish, but also the development of microorganisms, mold, etc. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to apply a fungicidal primer, both on a non-plastered base, and after leveling the walls with a solution.

From the "Don't Do It" section. When plastering an old bathroom, it is imperative to remove a layer of paint - completely, otherwise the plaster will “thump” and fall off along with the tiles glued to it. If you are mixing the cement-sand mixture yourself, then do not spare the cement. Due to its lack, the coating may turn out to be too brittle.

Decorative plaster in the bathroom

You can use any ready-made solutions. An important role is given to the application of a protective layer, which will serve as a barrier to moist air. And despite the fact that the installation “In the bathroom - only tiles!” Is still entrenched in our minds, more and more people are discovering the endless possibilities of decorative plaster.

Video for those who doubt the advisability of using decorative plaster when finishing such premises as a shower or bathroom. In fact, today there are compositions that, in terms of their waterproof properties, are almost as good as tiles. And if you take into account the integrity of the canvas and the design possibilities that open up, then it becomes not so easy to make the final decision on the choice of material.

It might be helpful

Returning to the topic of mold development. It is worth choosing textures with the least pronounced relief. For example, bark beetle plaster is in no way suitable for finishing a bathroom, because. the decorative effect implies the presence of many furrows in the coating, in which mold is sure to start.
Surfaces that will subsequently be directly exposed to water are best tiled. The symbiosis of tiles and decorative plaster looks quite organic.