Balda, poor fellow, white-handed, beast, chatterbox, tramp, beech, tall, tycoon, lying, know-it-all, squeezed, drank, upstart, bouncer, unfortunate, thug, dirty, goofy, playboy, businessman, dobrya, dear, goner, cudgel, fool, fool, tall, fidget, greedy, victim, bully, ringleader, bully, arrogant, stutterer, slobber, splinter, bore, sang, tucked in, healthy, crammed, crippled, capricious, kopush, grimacing, bloodsucker, biter, reveler, gourmet, liar, couch potato, whacker, muff, baby, good fellow, ignorant, ignorant, ignoramus, touchy, half-educated, fidget, slob, ripped off, glutton, goody, scribbler, crybaby, beggar, fawn, beggar, fussy, stuck, molested, burnt, rogue, dupe, rogue, idler, drunkard, hard worker, slacker, confusion, disheveled, deadhead, self-taught, holy man, handsome man, orphan, miser, sweet tooth, sweet tooth, sleepyhead, daredevil, dude, scarecrow, chatterer, namesake, grouse, quiet, hasty, stupid, clever, ugly, hypocrite, hap ugh, cunning, sharomyga, rogue, sneak.

Gender of indeclinable nouns

Indeclinable nouns reveal their gender syntactically, in combination with explanatory words: military attaché, short interview.

In the modern literary language, indeclinable nouns make up about 350 common nouns, excluding a large group of indeclinable proper names, geographical names and compound words.

The gender of indeclinable nouns is connected with the semantics of the word. First of all, animate and inanimate nouns are distinguished. In animate nouns, the gender is determined by the biological sex of the named persons or animals. Words that call males by profession, social status, character traits, etc., are masculine nouns: attache, bourgeois, impresario, caballero, entertainer, croupier, curé, effendi, yankee.

The names of female persons refer to the feminine gender: ingenue, lady, madam, mademoiselle, milady, miss, mrs, madam, frau, emancipe.

Some nouns that have a general gender value can be used both for a man and for a woman: counterpart, incognito, protégé, ultra and etc.

Words denoting animals are qualified as masculine words in dictionaries: dingo, zebu, kiwi-kiwi, hummingbird, kangaroo, cockatoo, marabou, pony, flamingo, chimpanzee. The exception is the names of the African fly- tsetse(female) and game fish iwashi(female).

In the text or in oral speech, when a female animal is called, for all nouns that are recommended as masculine words, agreement can also go in the feminine gender: kangaroo feeding a baby, The little chimpanzee was named Betsy.

The names of inanimate objects are most often neuter nouns. Deviations from this general rule and fluctuations in the generic design are observed primarily in cases where indeclinable words are closely related to semantically close generalizing words. Sometimes in these cases the gender of the generalizing word wins, although in general during the 19th-20th centuries. there is a tendency to eliminate hesitation in favor of variants of the middle gender.

In the modern literary language, the following fluctuations and deviations from the norm are registered: avenue(zh.r. and sr.r.), auto(cf. and m.r.), whiskey(cf. and f.r., rarely - m.r.), Jersey(cf. and m.r.).

The list of nouns, in the generic affiliation of which there are fluctuations:

Bolero (m.s. and s.r.), wildebeest (m.s. and f.s.), dingo (m.s. and f.s.), jersey (m.s. and s.s. ), incognito (m.s. and m.s. more often), coffee (m.s. and s.s. - colloquial), tropical tree mango (m.s. and s.s.), mezzo -soprano (s.p. and j.p. - colloquial), pas de deux “type of pair dance” (s.p. and m.p.), pas de trois “type of ballet dance for three ”(s.r. and m.r.), rally (m.r. and sr.r.), salami (f.r.), soprano (s.r. and m.r.).

Common nouns are a group of nouns that, depending on the context, can be both masculine and feminine nouns.

Among them can be both common nouns and proper names.

Examples of common nouns of a common gender: orphan, dirty, quiet, orphan. You can say both an unfortunate orphan and an unfortunate orphan.

Examples of proper names of the general gender are the names Sasha, Shura, Zhenya and others, which can be used both in relation to a woman and in relation to a man. This also includes foreign-language surnames ending in a vowel (for example: Morua) and some other surnames (for example, with the ending -YХ: Borzykh).

The gender of nouns in Russian is a lexical and grammatical category that directly refers to the totality of words of the masculine gender (TV), feminine gender (antenna), neuter gender (sun) and the so-called common gender (cry-baby, smart girl, egoza).

The last group of words includes many classic examples when a noun looks like a feminine word, but can be correlated and semantically consistent with words of various parts of speech that have forms of any of the genders.

For example.

• Bully Petya now and then clashed with classmates.
• The bully Masha was constantly arguing with her neighbors.
• The bullying sun no longer allowed the last snow to lie quietly and made deep holes in nm.

Common nouns are words that cannot be used to determine which gender they belong to. But you can say something like this:

In the first context, the word moat used as a masculine noun. And in the second context - as a feminine noun. It all depends on the meaning of the sentence and the entire text with a common noun included in it:

• Rva Zina cried and cried. A ditch - she is a ditch.
• Rva Kostya cried all day long. Rva - he is the ditch.

Some universal proper names (Zhenya, Sasha, Valya, Shura, Sima, Bondarenko, Krutykh, Longshanks) are sometimes conditionally referred to as nouns of the general gender. In the same group, one can situationally include a number of words denoting professions (he is a doctor; she is a doctor; he is a janitor, she is a janitor).

But it should be noted that the last examples (with professions) are far from classical and in many cases erroneous. In the dictionary, the word doctor, for example, will appear with a litter of belonging to the masculine gender. Same with the janitor. Therefore, one can only say that such words sometimes take on some features nouns of the general gender, while not being such.

Common nouns in Russian are nouns that can be used both in the masculine and in the feminine, and both grammatically and in meaning are both a masculine noun and a feminine noun (and the middle one too). For example: smart girl, good fellow - these words are nouns of a common gender.

In Russian, nouns usually belong to one of three genders: masculine (city, young man, apprentice), feminine (matryshka, girl, nanny) and neuter (lake, crossroads, mumi). But among the nouns of the first declension with the ending -A highlight words generic, which have the meaning of masculine or feminine, depending on the context:

Confused Tom is always looking for a pen. Confused Kolya asked me for an elastic band.

In the first example, the word confused has a feminine gender, since a female name is indicated, in the second it is masculine.

The words of the general gender traditionally include nouns: an orphan, a crybaby, a bully, a liar, a slob, a gourmand, a slut, a singer, a weirdo, a hack, a tramp, etc.

The common gender of nouns means that, depending on the neighboring words in the sentence, such nouns can become both masculine and feminine or neuter without changing the spelling.

Such words include a number of nouns, for example, crybaby, hard worker, Sasha, Valya, doctor, incognito, ignoramus, etc. Thus, such nouns are immediately visible to the naked eye, since it is impossible to say to which gender they specifically belong.



An example of using common nouns:



There are a lot of such nouns in Russian. Depending on the context in the sentence, they can either be feminine or masculine. And do not be confused by the typically feminine ending a or its absence in some cases.

Examples from professions: doctor, judge, cook, secretary, foreman, director.

Indeclinable surnames and abbreviated names: Sasha, Valya, Zhenya, Belykh, Chernenko, Sizykh.

Emotionally colored nouns that give some characterization of a person: a bully, a slob, a bungler, a hard worker, a clever one, a clumsy, a klutz, a swindler, a swindler, an ignoramus.

There are also immutable words, such as: vis-a-vis, incognito, protégé.

Noun examples generic In russian language:

sleepyhead, badass, bully, well done, smart, smart, slut, toady, mean, hard worker, orphan, baby, fidget.

These words can be used to refer to people of both sexes:

Sleepy cat. Peacock dormouse.

She is a slob. He's a slob.





There are such nouns in Russian that do not belong to either the male or the female sex. These are common nouns. Such nouns include, for example, words such as well done, bully, sleepyhead, sweetheart, ignorant, ignorant and others.

In Russian there is such an interesting concept as common nouns.

These are nouns that can be both masculine and feminine, depending on what kind of object they are associated with.

These nouns have 1 declension - that is, they end in A and Y.

They are used to denote the characteristics of the character of a creature.

For example, dirty, imagined, clean, etc.

These words can refer to any living beings whose behavior can be somehow characterized - that is, to people, animals ...



Examples

1) Masha is quiet with us!

What a quiet man you are! mother said to her son.

2) My daughter is a crybaby! my friend complained

Ivan, it turns out you're a crybaby! - Classmates laughed at the boy.

3) Katya, well, you are a sleepyhead! - said mom

Get up, sleepy! - the grandmother woke up the grandson.

Common nouns in Russian mean those nouns that can be equally well combined with both masculine and feminine words. It can be said that these are some kind of intermediate words. Example: Vanya is a sleepyhead; Tanya is a sleepyhead. WORD SONIA.

Also, these are such words as fidget, quiet, dirty, tramp.

Education

Examples of common nouns. What are common nouns?

The noun is one of the most frequently used parts of speech. Moreover, such words have a gender, of which there are three in Russian: male (dog, house, bow, father), female (goat, cat, room, pear) or middle (village, sky, cooking, distance). The gender category refers to the number of constant features of a given part of speech. However, there are a number of exceptions. We offer you to get acquainted with examples of common nouns.

What is a genus

• This is a permanent sign. So, if the number and case can change (for example, the words “cat” - singular and “cats” - plural), then the gender always remains the same. No matter how many cats we are talking about, this word is always feminine.
• In the plural of nouns, this category is not expressed. In this case, if a definition is necessary, the word should be put in singular. h.
• Words that are not used in the singular (scissors, stretcher) have no gender.

How to determine

The easiest way to determine gender is by substituting pronouns. This is taught in school. For example:

• Table, house, closet, chair - he is mine.
• Dog, door, skirt, geranium - she's mine.
• Butter, milk, plant, composition - it's mine.

Sometimes, over time, a word can change its gender, for example, the word "swan" was previously feminine, but now it is masculine.

Related videos

Common gender

Let's get acquainted with examples of common nouns and consider what it is. There are a number of words that can be used in relation to a being of any gender:

• Slut.
• Muddler.
• Crybaby.
• Yabed.
• Quiet.
• Nerd.

From the context it becomes clear which kind is being referred to. For example:

• Tanya was a terrible crybaby and always solved the problem with tears.
• Egor was a terrible crybaby and always solved the problem with tears.

The word "crybaby" is an example of a common noun.

Examples

There are a lot of words that fit into the category of "general nouns". Here are some examples of phrases:

• Poor dog - poor Olga.
• All-knowing Maxim - all-knowing Katerina.
• Podliza (boy, girl).
• Dirty (Vanya, Anya).
• Glutton (cat, dog).

These are common words. Most often they have a pronounced emotional coloring, express the attitude of the speaker to the subject described by him.

Here are examples of sentences with common nouns:

• The baby son constantly asked a lot of questions.
• Pochemuchka Julia often baffled her parents.
• Simpleton Kirill got into ridiculous situations so often that they were already tired of laughing at him.
• This man went down in history as a regicide.

It can be seen from the examples that in their form such words resemble feminine nouns, this is indicated by the endings -а / я, however, when combined, it is necessary to take into account what kind of word they depend on.

First example

Hard worker Petrov received the award. The word of the general gender "hard worker" characterizes a man, therefore it also applies to noun. male. The agreed definition should be chosen appropriate: "conscientious, executive hard worker."

Another example

Self-taught Aksenova has achieved significant success in scientific activities. Here "self-taught" describes a woman, so the word should be assigned to the feminine gender, the agreed definition would be: "talented, intelligent, hard-working self-taught."

Examples from texts

Here are examples of nouns of the general gender from Krylov's work "Elephant and Pug":

So crowds of onlookers followed the Elephant.

I can get into big trouble.

There are two words of the general gender here - "onlooker", "bully"; both first declension, plural.

In the fable "The Cat and the Cook" there is another example of a generic noun:

Oh you glutton! ah villain! -

Here the cook reproaches Vaska.

The word "glutton" of the general gender is used here.

Another example is from the Mirror and the Monkey fable:

Of my gossips, there are five or six such wimps.

And again we have an example of a generic noun.

How not to make a mistake

Often, without context, it becomes difficult to identify the gender of a common noun. Eg:

• Well, you are an upstart!
• You are a loner, you do not know how to work in a team.

Words mean a qualitative characteristic of a person, but do not give an indication of his gender. If we supplement the examples with supporting words, the meaning will become clear:

• Well, you're an upstart, Misha!
• Katya, you are a loner, you do not know how to work in a team.

Thanks to the supporting words, we understand that in the first example the word "upstart" refers to a boy, therefore it is a masculine noun, and in the second - to a girl, therefore its gender is feminine.

Words of the general gender should be assigned to the masculine gender when they designate a male person, or to the feminine when they designate a female person.

Common Mistake

Often, schoolchildren can mistakenly take lexical units that denote professions as nouns of a common gender:

• doctor;
• Professor;
• geologist;
• archaeologist;
• librarian;
• paleontologist;
• surgeon.

They can refer to both men and women, but their gender is always male: Dr. Ivanova, surgeon Smirnova. If it is necessary to coordinate the adjective with them, one should remember that they are combined with the masculine form: the talented surgeon Smirnova. The combination "talented surgeon Smirnova" would be a mistake.

Most of this vocabulary does not have a parallel form of the feminine gender, but sometimes in colloquial speech turns like “doctor Ivanov”, “librarian Savinova” can slip through, which are unacceptable in literary speech.

There are also feminine words in Russian, meaning the name of persons by profession: typist, ballerina. If it is necessary to designate a male person, descriptive phrases come to the rescue: ballet dancer.

proper names

As examples of nouns of a common gender, one can also cite proper names - indeclinable surnames of both Russian and foreign origin: Sidorenko, Vidnykh, Grodas.

Diminutive forms that can refer to people of both sexes also have a common gender: Sashenka, Shurochka, as well as abbreviated forms of names: Valya, Sasha.

Common noun groups

Based on the above material, three groups of general gender names can be distinguished:

• Common nouns, in their form resembling feminine words, as indicated by the ending -a / ya: orphan, clumsy, rogue, sweet tooth. Most often they have a bright emotional coloring.
• Diminutive proper names, referring to both boys and girls: Sanya, Valya, Zhenya.
• Indeclinable surnames: Savchenko, Dumas, Sedykh.

It is important to use common nouns correctly in speech, but most often native speakers understand the meaning of the statement thanks to the supporting words or based on the general meaning of the dialogue.

I have compiled a list of Russian words of the common gender, which I remember. These words (nouns ending on -a/-ya) can denote both masculine and feminine human beings. Your additions and corrections are welcome!

I undertook to remember Russian words of a common gender. These are nouns with the endings -a (ya), which serve as the names of both male and female persons (little crybaby - little crybaby, such a wretch - such a wretch). As a rule, these words have an expressive connotation (often disapproving) and are used in colloquial speech.

I have such a list. To help learners of Russian as a foreign language (RFL), I have accompanied them with definitions.

Additions and corrections are welcome! When borrowing material, please provide a link.

white hand- who is not accustomed to dirty work
big man- a tall man (see tall man)
thief- notorious, inveterate thief
vermin- who harms everyone, an unfriendly, unpleasant type (expletive)
reptile- nasty person (expletive)
upstart- a person who intervenes first before others in something, in order to earn approval, to curry favor with someone; a person who has not rightfully taken some sth. position, position
dirty- who does not keep himself or his house clean (cf. clean)
fool- fool
tall- a tall, lanky person
fidget- a mobile, restless person (more often about women, approvingly)
greedy (greedy-beef)- greedy person
infection- scoundrel, scoundrel (expletive word)
bully, bully- a pugnacious person who offends the weak
ringleader– active, enterprising person, the soul of the company
arrogant- who has a high opinion of himself, considers himself the smartest
sleeping- dormouse (see)
stutterer- a person who stutters (neutral word)
nerd- boring, boring person
sang- a singer who starts singing, picked up by the choir; (trans.) initiator, initiator
vicious- an angry person or someone who is constantly angry at everyone
cripple- a person who has lost any part of the body or the ability to own it, crippled, disabled (neutral word)
colleague- workmate, person of the same profession (neutral word)
antics- who grimace, behave pretentiously and coyly
revelry- who spends money in restaurants
gourmet– who loves sweets and delicacies
lefty- a person who uses his left hand better than his right (cf. right-handed) (neutral word). "Lefty" - a story by Nikolai Leskov (1881)
couch potato- a lazy person, a loafer who loves to lie, wallow (cf. sleepyhead)
liar- petty liar, liar
cutie, cutie- nice, likable, likable person
mymra- a dull and gloomy person.
klutz- impractical person
touchy- too sensitive person
dropout- who failed. “The half-educated magician” - song by A. Pugacheva (cf. self-taught)
fidget- an active person who loves to travel, he does not sit still
slut- dirty (see)
sad sack- someone who can do little, an armless person
nurse- crybaby (see)
glutton- who eats a lot, overeats
scribbler- who writes bad, deceitful texts, corrupt journalist
lick- flatterer (from the verb "suck up")
crybaby- who often cries (see roar)
why curious person (usually a child) who asks a lot of questions
right-handed- a person who owns his right hand better than his right, in contrast to the left-hander (see) (neutral word)
dupe- naive, gullible person, "loh"
drunkard- drinking too much alcoholic beverages (neutral word)
hard worker- who works hard (praise), a simple person "of the people"
rift, rift- Distracted, inattentive person. Comedy French films: Le Corniaud and Inspecteur la Bavure
confused (confused, Masha-confused)- who often lose things
muddler- disorganized person
roar- crybaby
self-taught- who learned on their own, without attending educational institutions (neutral word)
orphan- a child left without parents (neutral word)
sweet tooth- who likes sweets
dormouse- loves to sleep longer
dude– fan of Western fashion (in the 1950s)
quiet girl- a quiet, timid person
smart girl- smart, intelligent person (praise)
hanyga- beggar, drunkard
grabber- selfish acquirer (from the word "grab")
cunning- cunning
skinny- emaciated, frail person
neat- who cares too much about cleanliness
sneak- who sneaks, denounces (usually about children)

In my opinion, the following words are the most frequent and useful for memorizing RFL students: upstart, stutterer, bore, greedy, cripple, colleague, left-handed (right-handed), slob, glutton, crybaby, drunkard, hard worker, slob, self-taught, orphan, clever , grabber, sneak.

Funny riddle verses(from here). Slutty, slob, greedy?

In the house - dirt, black shirt
And his name is...

Nothing in the world
Petya will not share with you:
Not a cheesecake, not a toy,
Not a funny animal...
And the children shout to the boy:
"Oh and ... you, Petya!"

All year round we have losses:
Calendar - this week
Last month - ticket
This is the book and package.
The whole family is innocent
After all... it's me!

Common nouns also include invariable surnames (Makarenko, Hugo, etc.) and colloquial forms of some proper names (Sasha, Valya, Zhenya).

Words that name a person by profession, occupation (doctor, professor, architect, author, etc.) do not belong to common nouns. They are masculine nouns.

Therefore, the following words in -а (-я), apparently, should be considered masculine words:
bombed- illegal taxi driver ("bomb" - to engage in private transportation without registration)
bully- burglar thief; participant in the pogrom
threw- a swindler (cf. neologisms "throw", "scammer")
changed- who changes money, exchanges one currency for another

Words denoting feminine objects in the main meaning retain the feminine gender in a figurative meaning:
star- well-known, popular person
black grouse- a slow person (sleepy, lazy etc.). deaf t.- about a person who has not heard something or a deaf, hard of hearing person (disapprovingly)
bump (bump out of the blue)- an important, influential person (ironic)

UPD. Thanks to Gunnel Salminen for the addition (left-handed, right-handed, colleague, cripple)

Common nouns in Russian form a special group. Its definition is based on the grammatical uniqueness of words, which is based on the change of gender depending on the gender of the specified person.

Noun gender

In total, there are 4 genders for nouns in Russian gender, neuter, masculine and feminine. The last three are easy to determine by the end or semantic context. But what if the word can mean both male and female at once? Such a problem occurs with the words "bully", "cunning", "rogue", "unfortunate", "touchy", "sleep", "mediocrity", "subhuman", "hurry", "piggy", "bully", kind which may change.

Traditionally, it is considered that in the Russian language there are only three genders, they include masculine, feminine and neuter. To determine the gender of some common words, it was customary to refer to the context. The names of professions, for example, are divided into parallel names: seller-saleswoman, teacher-teacher, schoolgirl-schoolgirl, pilot-pilot, cook-cook, writer-writer, athlete-sportswoman, leader-leader. At the same time, in official documents, the masculine gender of these words is more often used for women. And there are examples of nouns of the general gender that are exclusively masculine: gynecologist, lawyer, linguist, philologist, correspondent, ambassador, academician, judge, toastmaster, surgeon, doctor, therapist, paramedic, master, courier, curator, appraiser, insurer, diplomat, politician, employee, specialist, worker. Now there is a tendency to attribute such words to the general gender, since they can be applied to both a man and a woman.

Controversy

Disputes about the recognition of the existence of a common genus have been going on since the 17th century. Then similar words were mentioned in the grammars of Zizania and Smotrytsky. Lomonosov singled out such nouns, pointing out their formal characteristics. Later researchers began to doubt their existence, defining such nouns as words with alternating gender, depending on what was meant.

So to this day, opinions are divided, some scientists consider nouns of a common gender in the Russian language to be separate homonyms of different genders, while the other recognizes them in a separate group.

Surnames

Some indeclinable surnames of foreign origin and Russian surnames in -o and -yh/ih can be added to the words of the general gender. Sagan, Depardieu, Renault, Rabelais, Dumas, Verdi, Maurois, Hugo, Defier, Michon, Tussauds, Picasso and others. All this among foreign surnames. Among the Slavic surnames of a common gender are often found: Tkachenko, Yurchenko, Nesterenko, Prokhorenko, Chernykh, Makarenko, Ravensky, Kucherenko, Dolgikh, Savchenko, Sedykh, Kutsykh and others.

Nationalities

The names of some nationalities are defined as words of a common gender. These include: Khanty, Mansi, Quechua, Komi, Gujarati, Hechzhe, Mari, Saami. The fact is that there are already "Mari" and "Mari", but the word "Mari" will be common to the entire nation or nationality.

According to the same principle, the names of breeds (Sivka, Okapi, Bulanka), as well as representatives of groups (vis-a-vis) are also included in the general genus.

Informal proper names

In addition to surnames, there is an interesting separate category of proper names related to the topic of the article. These are abbreviations for official names, with which there is often confusion during gender determination.

The name "Sasha" can belong to both Alexandra and Alexander, and the name "Valya" is called both the girl Valentina and the boy Valentina. Other such names include "Zhenya" from Evgeny and Evgenia, "Glory" from Yaroslav and Yaroslav, Vladislav and Vladislav, "Vasya" from Vasily and Vasilisa.

Evaluative, characterizing words

However, for the first time, the question of the existence of common nouns was raised because of evaluative words that affect the character or traits of a person. In direct speech, when using them, it can be more difficult to track the gender of the recipient of the remark, for example: "You're a badass!" Here the word "bully" can be addressed to both the female sex and the male. They can also include the words of the general gender "bully", "swindler", "clever", "well done", "tramp", "rigid", "crippled", "stinker", "dylda", "malyavka", " disheveled."

In fact, there are a lot of such evaluative words. They can be both positive and negative. At the same time, such words should not be confused with an assessment as a result of a metaphorical transfer, due to which they retain their original gender: crow, fox, rag, ulcer, beluga, goat, cow, deer, woodpecker, seal.

General gender words with negative and positive meanings include: bulldozer, hypocrite, reptile, thug, baby, child, baby, quiet, invisible, poor fellow, couch potato, dirty, tall, sweet tooth, clean, greedy, miser, chatterer, beast, star , idler, mumbling, arrogant, rogue, klutz, sly, asked, hard worker, hard worker, ignoramus, onlooker, drunkard, sweetie, cudgel, imagined, redneck, slob, dormouse, sneak, whim, lying, kopush, fidget, toastmaster, rubak , hanging.

An example of use is clearly shown in fiction: “A little son came to his father” (Mayakovsky), “There lived an artist Tube, a musician Guslya and other kids: Toropyzhka, Grumpy, Silent, Donut, Rasteryaika, two brothers - Avoska and Neboska. And the most famous among them was a baby named Dunno." (Nosov). Perhaps it is the works of Nikolai Nosov that will become a real collection of words with a common gender.

Least of all words in this group are occupied by neutral words, such as: right-handed, left-handed, colleague, namesake, orphan. The gender of such words is also common.

How to determine gender in a common gender?

The general gender of nouns in Russian is determined by the impossibility of a confident indication of the gender in the absence of pronouns and generic endings of adjectives. Words that can be classified as both masculine and feminine will be included in this group.

In order to determine the gender of a noun, the accompanying demonstrative pronouns "this, this, that, that" are most often used, adjective endings -th, -th / th. But if the name of the profession, position or rank is determined with the ending in the consonant "sergeant, doctor, doctor, director" and others, then the adjective can only be masculine, but the predicate is expressed feminine. "The doctor prescribed the drug" and "Attractive doctor came out of hospital", "The sergeant gave the order" and "The strict sergeant allowed me to rest", "This Marina Nikolaevna is an exemplary teacher!" and "The Exemplary Teacher Conducted an Open Lesson", "The Cheerful Puppeteer Conducted a Performance", and "The Old Master Sat on the Porch". The predicate does not have to show the gender, then the task of determining the gender becomes more complicated: "The teacher conducts the lesson", "The specialist makes the decision."

Variety of examples

Thanks to examples, it becomes clear that a wide variety of words can be found among common nouns, such as "daredevil", "bully", "bred", "forester", "old-timer", "tail", "six", "ignorant", "bore", "white-handed", "squishy", "loose", "messy", "smear". And other words. But they are all united by ambiguity in the definition of gender. Orphan, stylist, marketer, comrade, coordinator, curator, linguist, linguist, shirt, foreman, kid, judge, Kolobrodina, sly, razin, protégé, roar, sang, muff, bombed, dunce, stupid, toady, upstart, youngster, scarecrow, poor thing, cripple, charming, first-grader, senior-grader, eleven-year-old - all these nouns can be used in relation to both sexes.

The wide cultural distribution of common nouns in the Russian language is also interesting. For example, they were widely used in proverbs and sayings:

1. A healthy man in food, but a cripple in work.
2. For every dupe there is a deceiver.
3. A reveler in his youth is modest in his old age.
4. A drunkard is like a chicken, wherever he steps, he will peck there.

And in literature:

1. "So a strange deal took place, after which the tramp and the millionaire parted, quite pleased with each other" (Green).
2. "A good girl, an orphan alone" (Bazhenov).
3. “Your cleanliness, as the doctors say, is sterile” (Dubov).
4. "Hills! - What? - She recoiled" (Shargunov).

There are many such examples in the literature. Determining the common gender from the words listed in the exercise is one of the tasks in the Russian language lesson that is easy to deal with.