Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary. He was born into the family of a shoemaker. From childhood, Adolf showed the ability to draw, and in his youth he earned a living from this. His parents, Alois and Clara Hitler, were ordinary peasants, but his father managed to break into the people and become a state customs official, which allowed the family to live in decent conditions.

Adolf's childhood years were spent in constant moving, caused by the peculiarities of his father's work, and changing schools, where he did not show any special talents, but still managed to finish four classes of a real school in Steyr and received a certificate of education, in which good grades were only in drawing and physical education . During this period, his mother Klara Hitler dies of cancer, which dealt a serious blow to the psyche of the young man, but he did not break down, but, having completed the necessary documents for receiving a pension for himself and his sister Paula, he moved to Vienna and set foot on the path of adulthood.

At first he tried to enter the Art Academy, as he had an outstanding talent and craving for fine arts, but failed the entrance exams. The next few years, the biography of Adolf Hitler is filled with poverty, vagrancy, odd jobs, constant moving from place to place, rooming houses under city bridges. All this time, Adolf did not inform his relatives or friends about his location, as he was afraid of being drafted into the army, where he would have to serve along with the Jews.

At the age of 24, Hitler moved to Munich, where he met with the First World War, which made him very happy. He immediately signed up as a volunteer in the Bavarian army, in whose ranks he took part in many battles. He took the defeat of Germany in the First World War very painfully and categorically blamed politicians for it. Against this background, he engaged in large-scale propaganda work, which allowed him to get into the political movement of the People's Workers' Party, which he skillfully turned into a Nazi one.

Having become the head of the NSDAP, Adolf Hitler gradually began to make his way deeper and deeper to political heights and in 1923 organized the "Beer putsch". Enlisting the support of 5,000 stormtroopers, he broke into a beer bar, where a rally of the leaders of the General Staff was held, and announced the overthrow of the traitors in the Berlin government. On November 9, 1923, the Nazi putsch headed towards the ministry to seize power, but was intercepted by police detachments, who used firearms to disperse the Nazis.

In March 1924, Adolf Hitler, as the organizer of the putsch, was convicted of treason and sentenced to 5 years in prison. But the Nazi dictator spent only 9 months in prison. In December 1924, for unknown reasons, he was released.

Immediately after his release, Hitler revived the Nazi party NSDAP and transformed it, with the help of Gregor Strasser, into a nationwide political force. During that period, he managed to establish close ties with the German generals, as well as establish contact with large industrial magnates. At the same time, Adolf Hitler wrote his work "My Struggle", in which he outlined his autobiography and the idea of ​​National Socialism.

In 1930, the political leader of the Nazis became the supreme commander of the assault troops, and in 1932 he tried to get the post of Reich Chancellor. To do this, he had to renounce his Austrian citizenship and become a German citizen, as well as enlist the support of the allies. From the first time, Hitler failed to win the elections, in which Kurt von Schleicher was ahead of him. A year later, German President Paul von Hindenburg, under Nazi pressure, dismissed the victorious von Schleicher and appointed Hitler in his place.

This appointment did not cover all the hopes of the Nazi leader, since power over Germany continued to remain in the hands of the Reichstag, and his powers included only the leadership of the Cabinet of Ministers, which had yet to be created. In just 1.5 years, Adolf Hitler managed to remove all obstacles from his path in the form of the President of Germany and the Reichstag and become an unlimited dictator. From that moment, the oppression of Jews and Gypsies began in the country, trade unions were closed and the "Hitler era" began, which for 10 years of his reign was completely saturated with human blood.

In Potsdam, Nazi leader Adolf Hitler on March 3, 1933, proclaimed the formation of the Third Reich, as Nazi Germany is later called in literature and historiography. Its synonym is the term "Thousand Year Reich". In history, this was the unofficial name of the German state, Germany during the period when the NSDAP party was in power.

In 1934, Hitler gained power over Germany, where a total Nazi regime immediately began, the ideology of which was the only true one. Having become the ruler of Germany, the Nazi leader immediately revealed his true face and began major foreign policy actions. Rapidly creating the Wehrmacht and restoring aviation and tank troops, as well as long-range artillery. Contrary to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany seizes the Rhineland, and after Czechoslovakia and Austria.

Then he carried out a purge in his ranks. The dictator organized the so-called "Night of the Long Knives", when all prominent Nazis who posed a threat to Hitler's absolute power were destroyed. Assigning himself the title of supreme leader of the "Third Reich", the Fuhrer created the Gestapo police and the concentration camp system, where he imprisoned all "undesirable elements", namely Jews, gypsies, political opponents, and later Soviet prisoners of war.

The basis of Adolf Hitler's domestic policy was the ideology of racial discrimination and the superiority of indigenous Aryans over other peoples. His goal was to become the only leader of the whole world, in which the Slavs should become "elite" slaves, and the lower races, to which he ranked Jews and Gypsies, were completely destroyed.

Along with massive crimes against humanity, the ruler of Germany was developing a similar foreign policy, deciding to take over the whole world.

In April 1939, Hitler approves a plan to attack Poland, which was defeated already in September of the same year. Further, the Germans occupied Norway, Holland, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg and broke through the front of France. In the spring of 1941, Hitler captured Greece and Yugoslavia, and on June 22 attacked the USSR, then led by Joseph Stalin.

In 1943, the Red Army launched a large-scale offensive against the Germans, thanks to which World War II entered the territory of the Reich in 1945, which completely drove the Fuhrer crazy. He sent pensioners, teenagers and the disabled to fight, ordering the soldiers to stand to the death, while he himself hid in the "bunker" and watched what was happening from the side.

There are several versions why Adolf Hitler hated the Jews so much, whom he tried to "wipe off the face of the earth." Historians who have studied the personality of the "bloody" dictator put forward several theories, each of which could be true. The first and most plausible version is the "racial policy" of the German dictator, who considered only native Germans to be people. In this regard, he divided all nations into three parts - the Aryans, who were supposed to rule the world, the Slavs, who were assigned the role of slaves in his ideology, and the Jews, whom Hitler planned to completely destroy.

The economic motives of the Holocaust are also not ruled out, since at that time Germany was in a critical state in terms of the economy, and the Jews had profitable enterprises and banking institutions, which Hitler took away from them after exile in concentration camps.

Adolf Hitler - the founder of National Socialism and the totalitarian dictatorship of the Third Reich, the Reich Chancellor and Fuhrer of Germany, as well as the Supreme Commander of the German Armed Forces during World War II. Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in the village of Ranshofen, which is now part of the Austrian town of Braunau am Inn, in the family of an Austrian customs official. The Fuhrer's first surname was Schicklgruber, however, when he was five years old, his mother remarried the poor miller Hiedler. Almost all the ancestors of the Fuhrer came from peasants. Beginning in 1921, Hitler began to deliberately hide and obscure his origins and family ties, so there are still a number of ambiguities in his origin.

Adolf changed schools several times due to his family moving first to Fischelgam, then to Hafeld near Lambach, and then to Leonding near Linz. In elementary school, he studied well, but, having matured, he began to choose only what he liked - history, geography, and especially drawing. From childhood, he developed a critical attitude towards the church, but he became interested in the swastika, which he saw on the coat of arms of one abbot. When he was 13 years old, his father died unexpectedly. At the request of his mother, he continued to study at school in the hope of becoming an artist, and not an official, as his father dreamed of. Hitler was actually very good at drawing and also composed plays, wrote poetry and even composed a libretto for a Wagner opera. At the age of 18, he tried to enter an art school in Vienna, but did not pass the 2nd round of the exams. At this time, Adolf's mother was hopelessly ill and soon died.

With the outbreak of the First World War, Hitler voluntarily goes to the front. It was during this period that he begins to manifest himself as a nationalist and militarist. In 1919 he joined the German Workers' Party, which he later led and transformed into the National Socialist. In the early 1920s, Hitler was already a political figure to be reckoned with, especially in Bavaria, where he organized the Beer Putsch. For this armed assault in 1924, Hitler was convicted and sentenced to 5 years in prison. During his time in prison, he wrote his most significant work, Mein Kampf, translated from German as My Struggle.

Hitler's ascent as a politician began in 1929, along with a crisis in the country. In 1930 he was already appointed Supreme Führer of the Assault Troops, and in 1933 Reich Chancellor. After that, he banned all parties in the country, except for the Nazi one, and became a dictator for 4 years. The next step was the post of leader of the Third Reich. With the receipt of unlimited power, Hitler brought in the SS units, armed the army and founded concentration camps. In 1938, Austria and Czechoslovakia were captured by Germany, and in 1941 an attack on the USSR took place. This war ended in defeat for Germany. Hitler died on April 30, 1945 after Soviet troops surrounded Berlin. He and his wife Eva Braun committed suicide. An important part of his domestic politics throughout his life was anti-Semitism.

Adolf Hitler ... One of the most difficult and sinister figures in the history of mankind in general, Europe and the twentieth century in particular. And at the same time, it is necessary to remember it, if only in order to understand such a formidable danger!

Nothing foretold...

The biography of the future Nazi dictator began simply. He lived in the family of an extremely poor miller (he did not even have his own house). In 1895, Adolf began studying at a school near the town of Lambach, in the town of Filschgame. In the second grade, he saw the swastika for the first time in his life. Having moved from a rural school to a real one, Hitler began to teach only those subjects that he considered necessary and pleasant for himself - as a result, he became a repeater. At the beginning of the 20th century, a decision matures: to become an artist. Worst of all, the future tyrant was given the French language, the exam in which he managed to pass only on the second attempt. Already in the later school years, psychopathic inclinations clearly revealed themselves - poor self-control, irascibility, stubbornness, self-will. Plus hatred for everything in general that was around. Nationalist and racist views, according to some researchers, have only become a concentrated expression of this hatred.

patronymics in the conventional sense Hitler didn't have Still, it is uncharacteristic for the German language. But if it were, he could be called Adolf Aloizovich.

In the 1910s, Hitler achieved great success in painting (at least financially), which allowed him to educate himself, study foreign languages, history, and be interested in political issues. As soon as the world war began, he volunteered for the Kaiser's army. There Hitler throughout the war manifests himself fearlessly. He meets the end of hostilities in the hospital, and the defeat of the German troops comes as a shock to him.

Eva Brown What was the name of Adolf Hitler's wife, was such, in fact, only one day - from April 29 to April 30, 1945. The Third Reich was counting down its last hours, and its Fuhrer was still making symbolic gestures, no longer counting on victory, but on the revival of his ideas. Apparently, he was unshakably convinced of their truth, strength and viability. Even the collapse of the whole cause and the entire state under the blows of the enemy armies was unable to reverse Hitler's fanaticism.

Hitler initially was buried in the fence of the Reich Chancellery (where he was burned and buried after his suicide), then at the SMERSH (later NKVD-MVD) base in Magdeburg, and in 1970 the third “burial” took place - exhumation, another cremation and scattering over the Elbe.

In this article you will learn:

The name of the well-known dictator of the 20th century is still on everyone's lips. His personality interests many. Despite the fact that hundreds of thousands of people died through his fault, the most famous tyrant of the last century was forever engraved in the memory of millions. Read a short biography of Adolf Hitler.

Ziga Adolf

Birth

Adolf Hitler was born on April 20 in the village of Ranshofen, which was located in the Austro-Hungarian state. His father was an official, and his mother was engaged in household chores and looked after the children. By the way, in this family there is an interesting fact - Hitler's mother was his father's cousin's niece. Thus Adolf was conceived through incest.

Youth

Young Hitler

When the father of the future tyrant began to be promoted, the family began to move from house to house. They finally managed to settle down only in Gafeld, where they bought a house. All this time, Adolf "wandered" in different schools. But in each of them, the teachers noted him as a hardworking boy with a certain ability to study. Parents hoped that their diligent son would become a priest, but since childhood, Hitler had a negative attitude towards religion and under no circumstances agreed to study at a church school.

When Hitler was 16 years old, he decided to leave school and go into art. Adolf began to paint pictures. But at the insistence of his mother, he abandoned this business for a while, finishing school. After he entered the Vienna Art Academy. In his opinion, he had an unusual ability to write pictures of various genres, but he was not appreciated at the art school, advising him to do something else. After this refusal, he tries to enroll in similar courses again, but he will fail again.

World War I

Until the age of 24, Hitler wandered around different cities, just not to be noticed and drafted into the military ranks. He explained this to everyone by the fact that he had no desire to stand on a par with the Jews. At 24, Adolf moved to Munich. There he found the First World War, bravely fought at the front. Even after he was wounded, he returned to the front.

In 1919, he returned to where revolutionary views reigned. The whole city was divided into 2 sides: for the state and against. Then Hitler decided not to touch on this topic, but in 1919 he discovered his oratorical talent, speaking at a meeting of the NSDAP party. He was noticed and made the leader. Then Adolf's nationalist ideas began to slip through.

Rise to power

In 1923, Hitler goes to jail for an unauthorized parade. While he is in jail, his party is falling apart. Upon exiting, he created a new similar one. And so I begin to gain momentum fascist ideas. He quickly moves up the career ladder from party manager to candidate for the Reich President. But he did not get this post following the results of the popular elections.

But the government is under pressure from the National Socialists, and Hitler is appointed Reich Chancellor. So the fascist machine begins its work. In 1934, Adolf Hitler becomes the head of the country and is appointed the full leader of Germany. In 1935, he issues a decree according to which all Jews are deprived of civil rights in the territory of the state.

Despite the cruelty and tyranny of Hitler, during his reign, the country emerges from a state of decline. There is almost no unemployment, production is in full swing, and the country's military potential is growing. Hitler raised Germany to a new level, although it cost many human lives.

Favorite of the German people

World War II and suicide

In 1939, Adolf Hitler begins his movement to seize the countries of the world. The first was Poland. This was followed by other countries of the Baltic States, Europe and, of course, the Soviet Union.

The despot was not ready for such a strong confrontation from the USSR and eventually lost the war. When the Russian victorious troops were already close to Berlin, Hitler, along with his beloved Eva Braun, committed suicide with potassium cyanide.

Adolf Hitler dodged death many times, which was waiting for him in different places: behind the podium during a speech, in a car. But he would rather die by his own hands, taking his mistress with him.

The main and only achievement of the tyrant of the 20th century is that by his reign he developed Germany. Despite racial oppression and a rather cruel policy, the German people obeyed him, industry was gaining momentum, people worked for the good of the country. but his mistake was to start a war against the whole world. During this time, all the Germans were starving and dying on the battlefields, this again brought the country into a state of decline.

Adolf and Eva Braun

Interesting Biographical Facts About Hitler

• He was a supporter of healthy food, did not eat meat products.
• He was overly mannered in demanding this from others.
• He was a fanatic of cleanliness. He could not be near sick people, on this occasion he even had bouts of hysteria.
• Every day he read 1 book.
• He spoke very quickly, and the stenographers rarely recorded him, because they did not have time.
• He was so responsible for his speeches that he could not sleep at night to bring the performance to the ideal.
• In 2012, one painting by Adolf Hitler was sold for 30,000 euros. It was called "Night Sea".

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Political activities of Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) - political and military leader, founder of the totalitarian dictatorship of the Third Reich, leader of the National Socialist German Workers' Party, founder and ideologist of the theory of National Socialism.

Hitler is known to the whole world, first of all, as a bloody dictator, a nationalist who dreamed of taking over the whole world and purging it of people of the "wrong" (not Aryan) race. He conquered half the world, launched a world war, created one of the most brutal political systems and destroyed millions of people in his camps.

Brief biography of Adolf Hitler

Hitler was born in a small town on the border between Germany and Austria. The boy did not study well at school, and he never managed to get a higher education - he tried twice to enter the Academy of Arts (Hitler had artistic talent), but he was never accepted.

At a young age at the beginning of the First World War, Hitler voluntarily went to fight at the front, where the birth of a great politician and National Socialist took place in him. Hitler achieved success in his military career, received the rank of corporal and several military awards. In 1919, he returned from the war and joined the German Workers' Party, where he was also quickly promoted. During a serious economic and political crisis in Germany, Hitler skillfully carried out a series of National Socialist reforms in the party and achieved the post of head of the party in 1921. Since that time, he began to actively promote his policies and new national ideas, using the party apparatus and his military experience.

After the Bavarian putsch was organized on Hitler's orders, he was immediately arrested and sent to prison. It was during the time spent in prison that Hitler wrote one of his main works, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), in which he outlined all his thoughts on the current situation, outlined his position on racial issues (the superiority of the Aryan race), declared war Jews and communists, and also stated that it was Germany that should become the dominant state in the world.

Hitler's path to world domination began in 1933 when he was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Hitler got his post thanks to the economic reforms he carried out, which helped to overcome the crisis that erupted in 1929 (Germany was ruined after the First World War and was not in the best position). After his appointment as Reich Chancellor, Hitler immediately banned all other parties except the Nationalist Party. In the same period, a law was passed according to which Hitler became dictators for 4 years, having unlimited power.

A year later, in 1934, he himself appointed himself the leader of the "Third Reich" - a new political system based on the nationalist principle. Hitler's struggle with the Jews flared up - SS detachments and concentration camps were created. In the same period, the army was completely modernized and re-equipped - Hitler was preparing for a war that was supposed to bring Germany world domination.

In 1938, Hitler's victorious march around the world began. First, Austria was captured, then Czechoslovakia - they were annexed to the territory of Germany. The Second World War was in full swing. In 1941, Hitler's army attacked the USSR (the Great Patriotic War), but in four years of hostilities, Hitler failed to capture the country. The Soviet army, on the orders of Stalin, pushed back the German troops and captured Berlin.

At the end of the war, in his last days, Hitler controlled the troops from an underground bunker, but this did not help. Humiliated by defeat, Adolf Hitler, along with his wife Eva Braun, committed suicide in 1945.

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