Hunters are being trained to exterminate wolves. Textbook: The culture of writing. blushed from embarrassment and from fast walking

1. The writer was concerned that no mistake should slip through; he first read the proofs himself, then gave them to the editor. 2. In the first text, nouns are in the right form, in the second - numerals. 3. The road is constantly being repaired. So it turns out: yesterday I was driving here, but today it is no longer possible. 4. Cases of missing books in a boarding school are usually hushed up. Therefore, we will focus on them in particular. 5. Sometimes there is no exemplary essay in the class that can be read for everyone, so the best work should be kept by the teacher. 6. The stronger the difference in languages, the more difficult it is to compile a dictionary. For example, compiling a dictionary of French words in English is not as difficult (thanks to the significant similarity of languages ​​and cultures) as compiling a dictionary of the Zulu language in English.

2. Determine in which sentences the homoform is used incorrectly. Correct the mistake.

1. Courage is not a mother's rudeness or running away from home. 2. Sugar almost completely replaces honey in the diet of Abkhazians. Therefore, they do not suffer from toothaches. 3. A convoy with food was accompanied by a platoon of submachine gunners. 4. The jump of the beast was ahead of the shot. Turkin turned out to be a sharp shooter. The tiger fell heavily to the ground. 5. The patient was not allowed to walk around the room on the first day. 6. 1,400 athletes served 10 canteens.

3. Find the wrong semantic connection of words. Correct the mistake.

1. Andrei Bolkonsky believed that he would achieve glory by sitting not in his office, but on the battlefield. 2. The strike committee received an official proposal to submit their demands to the factory management in writing. 3. It was established that moonshine sourdough was also made by citizen Ivanova, who was in the fermentation stage. 4. The training of hunters for the extermination of wolves and persons in charge of the raid has begun. 5. This plant has fermenters, compressors, fermenters, microbial germinating boilers, laboratories and trained personnel.

Shortness of speech

1. Among the phrases below, find the following types: a) tautological combinations in which one of the words is superfluous; b) phrases that are not tautological, but one of the words can be excluded in order to avoid redundancy; c) phrases in which not a single word can be excluded.

First baptism of fire, own signature, greatly improve, make the most of, latent reserves, modern requirements, manufactured products, great effort, further development, at a given time, first acquaintance, step back, first debut, new revival, in March, unusual phenomenon, future perspective, a thousand people, resume again, multiply many times over, guiding thread, lead to the last journey, stumbling block, railway, bosom friend, rising star, fall into despair, the main essence, it is useless to disappear, foresee in advance, valuable treasures.

2. Indicate which word is missing.

1. Reader's mistakes hurt the ear unpleasantly. 2. Scrap iron was carried in a wheelbarrow: an old stove, an old water tap, a flattened and unusable kettle. 3. In this poem by Mayakovsky there are words newly created by the poet. 4. There can be no question that a person's abilities are allegedly explained only by his heredity. 5. Suddenly Sophia loses her consciousness. 6. Always calm, invariably correct, he stood out noticeably against the background of his class and enjoyed great prestige among his classmates.

Purity of speech

Each time has its heroes and its symbols. The end of the second millennium in the former USSR is symbolized by the word "as if". And "as if-virus" spread literally in the last two years. There was nothing like it before: just listen to the recordings of radio broadcasts of past years or watch old movies. And now? Let's listen to the speech of our friends, acquaintances, relatives. At home and in public transport. On radio and television. At lessons at school, lectures at the institute, at scientific sessions, in stores. This is especially noticeable in TV talk shows, in programs where the main characters are talking heads, where there is a free exchange of opinions and colloquial speech is heard. "Hero of the Day", "Rush Hour", "Theme", "We", "Field of Miracles" and numerous interviews. “As if” is a favorite phrase of representatives of various segments of the population: both highly educated and not very well-educated, artists, writers, engineers, politicians, officials, ordinary people. Even announcers, as soon as they step away from smooth, pre-written comments and try to improvise, immediately insert this word.

… What does this phrase reflect? It seems to me that this is a reflection of the instability, the uncertainty of the time in which we live, when one cannot be sure of anything. Either we have to look for a job, or not, or they will pay a salary, or not, or we live in capitalism, or in socialism, or maybe, under war communism, either it will rain or snow. Everything in our life is unsteady, then we rush in jumps, then we get up as if rooted to the spot. Or maybe our rulers are now so delicate: they are afraid of offending the people and deliver bad news with a shy smile, inserting “as if” and leaving a loophole for retreat.

... Sigmund Freud argued that slips of the tongue in ordinary speech and misspellings in writing are not accidental, but reflect what a person is trying to hide. Perhaps the reason for such a frequent use of the phrase "as if" lies in line with this concept. And that, it seems, we will start getting rid of this weed word only when the situation in our society stabilizes, there will be certain prospects for a particular person and for a particular company.

In the meantime, I propose to play: after all, you can benefit from everything. Sit in front of the TV and count in which program people most often use this phrase: who, in connection with what and how many times it was used. And as a result, it will be possible to derive the “as-quickness index”: the amount of use of “as if” per unit of time. Why not? (They say that the famous physicist, academician Landau, by his own definition, was “beautiful” and derived the “city beautifulness index.” This index was expressed through the quotient of the number of beautiful women whom the academician met during his stay in a particular city, by the total number of women met there.) As a result, you can choose “super as fast”. Come up with the "Golden kakbyst" award.

As they say, "the mouth of a baby speaks the truth." Recently I heard how a little girl, drawing something on the melted spring snow, says: "It's like a dog, and it's like a cat is running away from it." "Why like a cat?" I asked. “But they are not real, but make-believe,” the girl replied. Maybe our whole life is now make-believe ... (Neva time. 04/12/2007).

2. Read the sentences and comment on the use of foreign words in them. Is it always justified? Correct the suggestions.

1. It is necessary to collect the best ideas from all political forces, but not to make a conglomerate of them, but to draw up an integral document that would be close to everyone.

2. The Max washing machine has become the bestseller of the new season.

3. The activity of the editorial office to clarify the texts is limited by the loss of part of the manuscripts.

4. The winners of the tender were a consortium of Western and Russian banks headed by CS First Boston. RAO's image was seriously damaged, as was the prestige of its main shareholder, the state.

5. One could cite an armada of figures characterizing the country's economy...

• 3. Species and generic concepts are not combined as homogeneous members:

• The grocery store has a large selection of cakes, confectionery, fruits and wines

• (by confectionery" obviously meant sweets, cakes, etc., i.e. something other than "cakes", but the first concept includes the second, if you did not want to continue the listing, you could continue after the word cakes add: and other confectionery).

• 4. The enumeration of homogeneous members should not include intersecting concepts, i.e. concepts that partially coincide in their logical scope:

• There were journalists, writers, tourists in the rest house (obviously, it meant that journalists and writers were not tourists and vice versa, but this combination cannot be considered justified).

• The exception is fixed turnovers: the international festival of youth and students

• 5. Stylistically unsuccessful constructions in which the controlled word can be assigned to different rows of homogeneous members:

• Training of hunters for the extermination of wolves and persons responsible for carrying out this event (we are talking, of course, about the preparation of hunters and other persons for this purpose, but the proximity of the words “for the extermination of wolves and persons” is unfortunate).

• 6. When pairwise combination of homogeneous members, the principle of their ordered selection (on the basis of adjacency, similarity, contrast) must be observed, but there should not be random coincidences:

• These issues are covered in books and newspapers, lectures and brochures, reports and magazines (instead of: ... in books and brochures, newspapers and magazines, lectures and reports)

• 7. Some heterogeneous morphological categories are not combined as homogeneous members, for example, a noun and an infinitive:

• Made commitments:

• 1) cost reduction;

• 2) increase labor productivity;

• 3) improve product quality (in all three cases, either a noun or an infinitive should be used)

1. It is erroneous to combine in a neutral style of speech as homogeneous members of disparate (substantially heterogeneous) concepts, for example: blushed from embarrassment and from fast walking; compared to eternity and Mont Blanc. Such combinations are used in fiction as a special stylistic device (creating a comic effect, individualizing the speech of the narrator or character, etc.), for example: During the night, he almost killed me three times with fear, then with his feet (Herzen); ... Girls and lackeys with candles and joyful faces ran out to the entrance (L. Tolstoy); Lev Savvich Turmanov, a common man in the street with a capitalist, a young wife and a respectable bald head, once played vint (Chekhov) at a friend's name day.

2. The source of the error may be the lexical incompatibility of one of the homogeneous members with a common word for them in the sentence, for example: during the debate, a number of proposals and comments were made (the comments are not “made”, but made).

3. Specific and generic concepts are not combined as homogeneous members, for example: “The grocery store has a large selection of cakes, confectionery, fruits and wines” (cakes are a type of confectionery).

4. The enumeration of homogeneous members should not include intersecting concepts, i.e. concepts that partially coincide in their logical scope, for example: “There were journalists, writers, tourists in the rest house” (obviously, it meant that journalists and writers were not tourists and vice versa, but this combination cannot be considered justified). But the combination of the international festival of youth and students has taken root and corresponds to the stylistic norm.

5. Stylistically unsuccessful constructions in which the controlled word can be assigned to different series of homogeneous members, for example: “Training of hunters for the extermination of wolves and persons responsible for carrying out this event” (we are talking, of course, about the preparation of hunters and other persons for the specified goals, but the proximity of the words “for the extermination of wolves and persons ...”) is unfortunate. Wed a sentence from the biographical sketch attached to the “Complete collection of poems by N.A. Nekrasov” (ed. 1902): “Letters, poems, telegrams flocked to him from all over Russia, from its most distant parts, expressing deep sincere sympathy for him, as a poet of people’s grief, along with wishes for getting rid of illnesses and long life."

6. When combining homogeneous members in pairs, the principle of their ordered selection must be observed (on the basis of adjacency, similarity, contrast - with a special stylistic task, but there should not be random combinations, for example: “These issues are covered in books and newspapers, lectures and brochures, reports and magazines” (follows: ... in books and brochures, newspapers and magazines, lectures and reports).

7. Some heterogeneous morphological categories, for example, a noun and an infinitive, are not combined as homogeneous members; cf. under the heading: “Accepted obligations: 1) cost reduction; 2) increase labor productivity; 3) improve product quality (in all three cases, the same form should be used - either a noun or an infinitive).

Digressions are found in fiction as a stylization technique for colloquial speech or vernacular; for example: Having expressed his pleasure that the boots fit well, Mr. Golyadkin asked for tea, to wash and shave (Dostoevsky).

8. Each of the parts of the comparative (double) union is placed in front of the corresponding homogeneous member; a change in this order usually leads to a violation of the stylistic norm, for example: "It is necessary not only to pay attention to the knowledge of students, but also to their practical skills" (follows: It is necessary to pay attention not only to the knowledge of students, but also to their practical skills).

Deviations from this rule are permissible in cases where one part of the comparative conjunction refers to the predicate, and the other part to the member of the sentence, logically distinguished and dependent on another verb-predicate, synonymous with the first, for example: “The huge premises of the circus under construction in Perm will be universal: here it will be possible to hold not only circus performances, but also organize large concerts, sports competitions, meetings, and show films”; “A university graduate should be a theoretically trained specialist who knows not only his specific narrow field of science, but also has a good knowledge of the fundamental branches of science, as well as a number of other sciences.” Wed with repeated unions: ... In the distance, along the road, then a cart will pass, then a car (V. Panova) (with intonation-logical selection of homogeneous subjects).

Sometimes the wrong pairs of unions are created: not only ... but also (follows: not only ... but also), how ... and also (instead of: how ... and), for example: “In a short time in a satellite city not only new schools, a hospital, but also a drama theater have been built.”

Poorly positioned particle not and union a in the sentence: “The disease itself is not dangerous, but its consequences” (follows: It is not the disease itself that is dangerous, but its consequences).

9. If there is a generalizing word in the sentence, homogeneous members must agree with it in the case. This provision is sometimes violated, for example: "The factual data are given in various newspaper and journalistic genres: article, correspondence, essay" (homogeneous members should have been put in the prepositional case).

A displaced construction of the type has a colloquial character: Noise, screams, laughter - the fairground was filled with all this motley range of sounds (cf. the variant with agreed homogeneous members: Noise, shouts, laughter - all this motley range of sounds ...)

10. It is not necessary to combine the members of the sentence as homogeneous syntactic elements (in particular, participial and adverbial constructions) and subordinate clauses. This provision is sometimes violated, for example: “Suspended coverings attached to screws are expedient and which allow covering large spans”; "Those who spoke in the debate, without objecting to the main provisions of the report, however, consider it incomplete."

It should be noted that not only in oral speech, but also in written speech, there are often cases of combining heterogeneous syntactic structures with the help of coordinating conjunctions - a sentence member and a subordinate clause (in artistic speech such a connection is used as a stylistic device), for example: The sovereign immediately remembered your last name and that you were in Vyatka (Herzen); I see a ribbon on your neck and even how on the left side your curl fell on the brow (Leonov); I remember a trip to the Canterbury Music Hall and how I sat in a red plush chair and watched my father perform (Chaplin. My autobiography. Translation). Wed - in Dostoevsky: For a moment they almost forgot Nastasya Filippovna and that after all she was the mistress of her house; You ask about your faces and what I noticed in them.

Even more often, in different styles, a combination, as homogeneous members of a definition expressed by an adjective or a participle, and a subordinate attributive sentence is observed, for example: There is an excellent wide road in the Perm province, which has long been traveled and which I have seen until that time only once in my life ( Herzen).

The combination encountered by writers as homogeneous members of participial and participle turnovers is associated with the possibility of convergence of their meanings in context, for example: The father, sighing and obviously embarrassed, very soon interrupted his speech ... (L. Tolstoy); Touched by the sight of this beautiful group and not wanting to disturb the lovers, I already wanted to pass them (Kuprin).

5. Mentally eliminate the underlined word. Watch how the connection between words changes in this place.

1. Soon N.K. Fedorov began his work on the study of muscle chemistry, work, which was destined to lead to major discoveries. 2. The general theory of parts of speech is necessary to create full-fledged scientific and educational grammars of real languages, grammarian, reasonably taking into account both the general and the particular in different languages. 3. Consider what mistakes are found in school essays, mistakes, which should be considered invalid.

6. Underline the error signal (word or phrase that brings clarity).

1. Dozens of students from educational institutions sent to work do not arrive at their destination. 2. The basis of the story "Chapaev" Furmanov put the fighting of the Chapaev division in the Urals, where he was appointed commissar. 3. Petya ran to open the gate, and, rounding a huge puddle along the rounded road, the dog rushed under his feet. 4. We send you a ski on the left leg, which does not need lubrication. 5. At yesterday's meeting, the Laws on Higher Education, on Border Troops, which were being finalized, were discussed.

Key. Error signal: 1. directed(meaning students, not educational institutions); 2. appointed commissioner; 3. dog, 4. in lubrication; 5. on revision.

7. Eliminate the error by bringing together the elements of the correct semantic connection.

1. Chatsky tells how one landowner exchanged his servants for three greyhound dogs, which more than once saved his life and honor. 2. More than one spacecraft has already been put into orbit with a man on board. 3. In what fairy tale did the father of the youngest daughter bring a feather from the city? 4. He told how Davydov organizes the sowing work, trying to keep the style of the novel. 5. The commission visited a boarding school with a number of subjects taught in English in the Kyiv region. 6. At the meeting, the issue of preparing tractors for sowing was discussed.

8. Indicate with a Y sign (bird) the place where you want to insert the word when eliminating an erroneous semantic connection using the “word insertion” method. Choose the correct word to insert.

1. We read the description of the fascist atrocities by Ilya Ehrenburg. 2. The entourage of this businessman included the criminal Brailovsky, who was caught stealing state property Koganov. 3. The training of hunters for the extermination of wolves and persons in charge of the raid has begun. 4. On the left, in the corner, there is a small table with a TV, on the contrary - a piano. 5. Subscription to newspapers of workers and employees is going well. 6. Who does not remember Platon Karataev, this bright representative of the people, the courtyard girl of the Rostovs? 7. Inna Kudryavtseva went to work in a store. Here she was faced with an unfair attitude towards the work of her colleagues. 8. The victim was not identified after the second examination. 9. This plant has fermenters, compressors, fermenters, boilers in which microbes germinate, laboratories and trained personnel.

Key. In each case, the word is inserted between the elements of an erroneous semantic connection. Recall that it is necessary to insert a word that does not change the general meaning of the sentence and at the same time eliminates the erroneous semantic connection. Possible fixes: 1. ... in the essay by Ilya Ehrenburg;. and caught; 3. and instruction of persons; 4. with t o and t grand piano; 5. among workers and employees; 6. who does not remember the yard girl Rostovs? 7. from their colleagues; 8. and after re-inspection; 9. The plant has laboratories and trained personnel.

9. Eliminate the erroneous semantic relationship by replacing one of its elements with a synonym.

1. Employees of the criminal investigation department arrived at the scene of the incident with dogs that were called to detain the criminals. 2. On the At the rally, a resolution was adopted demanding the immediate transfer of the landlords' land to the peasants without any redemption and increased taxation of the capitalists. 3. Nikolai Brilev in the store "Children's World" got into the pocket of citizen Chesnokov, where he was caught. 4. The team headed by Trofimova did a good job, which expanded due to people who came to clean up.

Key. 1. ... called to apprehend criminals. 2. ... demanding that the peasants be immediately handed over to the landlords' land without any redemption and that they impose increased taxes on the capitalists. 3. ...and was caught in the act. 4. ... Trofimova's brigade, roaring at the expense of ... As you can see, the replacement may entail the exclusion or rearrangement of some words.

10. Eliminate the erroneous semantic connection of words by dividing the sentence into two independent ones.

1. Instead of flying in formation, the planes took off one by one to save fuel, they headed straight for the coast of Japan (L. Groves). 2. A group of soldiers in protective caps appeared from the forest, shouting something. 3. The technical school invites engineers, a watchman, a stoker to teach. 4. The best room was awarded with a player with new records and various household items. 5. The cause for which they are fighting cannot fail to win, having such defenders, truth cannot fail to triumph. 6. Chaban Nuriev filed an application for an incorrect deduction from his earnings for a shortage of sheep, which had lain for five months.

11 (summary). Determine in which sentences an erroneous semantic connection of words occurs. Choose a way to eliminate it and offer your own option.

1. It was necessary to teach elementary cleaning techniques to students and schoolchildren. 2. He has a thin face, on which black eyes look especially large, an angular figure. 3. We found a clearing in the forest. Around dry land for a fire as much as you want. 4. Stepan wanted in his heart to have such bulls only on his farm. 5. A competition for the best work on history has been announced, in which high school students can take part. 6. The many different theories about the origin of the alphabet in modern science are striking. 7. She endured all the torture, but did not betray her friends, like Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. 8. Simultaneously with the practical work, the participants of the expedition were engaged in the training of specialists in the fight against agricultural pests from the local population. 9. The same situation with the bath and on the second farm, which also stopped its work this year. 10. Then they examined a suitcase with books, at the very bottom of which they found a photograph. 11. The laboratory receives materials for the study of animal diseases, cases of their death are studied through bacteriological analysis. 12. The interlocutors do not understand this phrase, which is completely clear to the reader, since these two meanings of the word do not differ in oral speech.

Exercises for §3

1. Find the erroneous and correct semantic connection of words.

Sample: "I watched with admiration the planes, the wonderful creation of enthusiastic people, who moved to the east."

OS "people who left"; PS by aircraft that were removed (OS erroneous semantic connection, PS correct semantic connection).

1. Andrei Bolkonsky believed that he would achieve glory, sitting not in the office, but on the battlefield (OS sitting on the battlefield; PS will achieve on the battlefield). 2. Please say a few words about the new ship for our readers (OS about the new ship for our readers; PS a few words for our readers). 3. Execute-| obligations to supply poultry meat and milk (OS - ~ "bird's milk; PS for the supply of milk) are also not made. 4. Tolstoy shows honest and courageous commanders and careerists (OS honest and courageous careerists; PS shows careerists). 5. The strike committee received an official proposal in writing to submit their requirements to the management of the factory (OS official proposal in writing; PS in writing to submit). was there in the novel; PS told in the novel).

2. Underline two words (phrases) between which an erroneous connection occurs. Connect its elements with a bow with a cross. Check the correctness of your decision, based on the general patterns of semantic association of words formulated above during initial perception.

1. And a cheerful guy Maxim, who had just graduated from school on a tourist package, came to this camp. 2. Pechorin wants to die in Persia, where he was on his way in the second chapter, to lie in foreign sands. 3. Foreign critics admit that these heroes of the novel do not express the author's position, but this does not prevent them from blackening our reality. 4. With all the desire to answer this question is almost impossible. 5. On the Rassvet collective farm, the effectiveness of rolling potato tops was recorded by the chief agronomist Volsky and researcher Troshin. 6. It was established that moonshine sourdough was also made by citizen Filippova, who was in the fermentation stage.

3. What unforeseen, absurd meaning arises when perceiving the following lines of poetry from beginning authors? What provoked the wrong combination of words in each case?

1. Behind the shoulders of the central fight

Single-barreled our friends.

2. I believe, as if the dawn is clear,

You will come as spring comes.

3. Turning around like an arrow,

A quick “Victory” slipped through.

(Example of I. L. Selvinsky)

4. A hanged man smears the house here

Outdoor painter.

(Example N. A. Dobrolyubov)

5. I am now such a worker,

Whose historian will write the trace.

(Example of V. M. Zhirmunsky)

4. Determine which of the three letter schemes each design belongs to.

1. Kutuzov, as shown by L. Tolstoy, while on the battlefield, most of all cared about maintaining the morale of the soldiers. 2. The Puppet Theater concludes contracts for holding New Year trees with the participation of Santa Claus, the Snow Maiden, an accordion player and a puppet show. 3. The construction of a cowshed for 200 heads with silos has begun. 4. This idea is not new; M.V. Lomonosov. 5. Regular consultations are held, classrooms are equipped, visual aids, instruments are also prepared. 6. The carpenter made an oak bookcase with four legs. 7. Starch is an insoluble carbohydrate in water. 8. This group, which included pharmacologists and clinicians, has been purposefully studying the neurogenic mechanisms of damage to internal organs for two decades with an original method of pharmacological analysis.

5. Mentally eliminate the highlighted word. Watch how the connection between words changes in this place.

1. Soon N.K. Fedorov began his work on the study of muscle chemistry, work that was destined to lead to major discoveries. 2. The general theory of parts of speech is necessary to create full-fledged scientific and educational grammars of real languages, grammars that reasonably take into account both the general and the special in different languages. 3. Consider what errors are found in school essays, errors that should be considered unacceptable.

6. Underline the error signal (word or phrase that brings clarity).

1. Dozens of students from educational institutions sent to work do not arrive at their destination. 2. The basis of the story "Chapaev" Furmanov put the fighting of the Chapaev division in the Urals, where he was appointed commissar. 3. Petya ran to open the gate, and, rounding a huge puddle along the rounded road, the dog rushed under his feet. 4. We send you a ski on the left leg, which does not need lubrication. 5. At yesterday's meeting, the Laws on Higher Education, on Border Troops, which were being finalized, were discussed.

Key. Error signal: 1. directed (meaning students, not educational institutions); 2. appointed commissioner; 3. dog, 4. lubricated; 5. on revision.

7. Eliminate the error by bringing together the elements of the correct semantic connection.

1. Chatsky tells how one landowner exchanged his servants for three greyhound dogs, which more than once saved his life and honor. 2. More than one spacecraft has already been put into orbit with a man on board. 3. In what fairy tale did the father of the youngest daughter bring a feather from the city? 4. He told how Davydov organizes the sowing work, trying to keep the style of the novel. 5. The commission visited a boarding school with a number of subjects taught in English in the Kyiv region. 6. At the meeting, the issue of preparing tractors for sowing was discussed.

8. Indicate with a Y sign (bird) the place where you want to insert the word when eliminating the erroneous semantic connection using the “word insertion” method. Choose the correct word to insert.

1. We read the description of the fascist atrocities by Ilya Ehrenburg. 2. The entourage of this businessman included the criminal Brailovsky, who was caught stealing state property Koganov. 3. The training of hunters for the extermination of wolves and persons in charge of the raid has begun. 4. On the left, in the corner, there is a small table with a TV, opposite the piano. 5. Subscription to newspapers of workers and employees is going well. 6. Who does not remember Platon Karataev, this bright representative of the people, the courtyard girl of the Rostovs? 7. Inna Kudryavtseva went to work in a store. Here she was faced with an unfair attitude towards the work of her colleagues. 8. The victim was not identified after the second examination. 9. This plant has fermenters, compressors, fermenters, boilers in which microbes germinate, laboratories and trained personnel.

Key. In each case, the word is inserted between the elements of an erroneous semantic connection. Recall that it is necessary to insert a word that does not change the general meaning of the sentence and at the same time eliminates the erroneous semantic connection. Possible corrections: 1. ...in the essay by Ilya Ehrenburg;. and caught; 3. and instructing persons; 4. with so and t grand; 5. among workers and employees; 6. who does not remember the yard girl Rostovs? 7. from their colleagues; 8. and after re-examination; 9. The plant has laboratories and trained personnel.

9. Eliminate the erroneous semantic relationship by replacing one of its elements with a synonym.

1. Employees of the criminal investigation department arrived at the scene of the incident with dogs that were called to detain the criminals. 2. At the meeting, a resolution was adopted demanding the immediate transfer of the landlords' land to the peasants without any redemption and increased taxation of the capitalists. 3. Nikolai Brilev in the store "Children's World" got into the pocket of citizen Chesnokov, where he was caught. 4. The team headed by Trofimova did a good job, which expanded due to people who came to clean up.

Key. 1. ... called to apprehend criminals. 2. ... demanding that the peasants be immediately handed over to the landlords' land without any redemption and that they impose increased taxes on the capitalists. 3. ...and was caught in the act. 4. ...Trofimova's brigade, roaring at the expense of... As you can see, the replacement may entail the exclusion or rearrangement of some words.

10. Eliminate the erroneous semantic connection of words by dividing the sentence into two independent ones.

1. Instead of flying in formation, the planes took off one by one to save fuel, they headed straight for the coast of Japan (L. Groves). 2. A group of soldiers in protective caps appeared from the forest, shouting something. 3. The technical school invites engineers, a watchman, a stoker to teach. 4. The best room was awarded with a player with new records and various household items. 5. The cause for which they are fighting cannot fail to win, having such defenders, truth cannot fail to triumph. 6. Chaban Nuriev filed an application for an incorrect deduction from his earnings for a shortage of sheep, which had lain for five months.

11 (summary). Determine in which sentences an erroneous semantic connection of words occurs. Choose a way to eliminate it and offer your own option.

1. It was necessary to teach elementary cleaning techniques to students and schoolchildren. 2. He has a thin face, on which black eyes look especially large, an angular figure. 3. We found a clearing in the forest. Around dry land for a fire as much as you want. 4. Stepan wanted in his heart to have such bulls only on his farm. 5. A competition for the best work on history has been announced, in which high school students can take part. 6. The many different theories about the origin of the alphabet in modern science are striking. 7. She endured all the torture, but did not betray her friends, like Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. 8. Simultaneously with the practical work, the participants of the expedition were engaged in the training of specialists in the fight against agricultural pests from the local population. 9. The same situation with the bath and on the second farm, which also stopped its work this year. 10. Then they examined a suitcase with books, at the very bottom of which they found a photograph. 11. The laboratory receives materials for the study of animal diseases, cases of their death are studied through bacteriological analysis. 12. The interlocutors do not understand this phrase, which is completely clear to the reader, since these two meanings of the word do not differ in oral speech.

Exercises similar to those given provide step-by-step development of the general technique for eliminating the erroneous semantic connection of words, its meaningful assimilation. They actively develop stylistic thinking, as they model the activity of the writer in a typical, repetitive problematic situation of written communication.