How and when to check and repair the ventilation in the apartment? How to check the ventilation in an apartment building on your own Who checks the ventilation in an apartment building
Inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts is necessary in order to detect and eliminate possible faults in the ventilation system of an apartment or house. Every spring, the state of ventilation ducts in apartment buildings and in the private sector is checked. Representatives of management companies and gas services visit houses for the purpose of inspection. You can do it yourself, just by bringing it to vent lit match. If the flame and smoke of an extinguished match lean into the ventilation, then the draft is good. If the match burns with an even flame, then the ventilation does not work. Another option is to check the ventilation ducts in apartment building- bring a regular paper napkin - it should be attracted to the hole. During the periodic inspection of smoke ventilation ducts, the tour starts from the apartments. Checking inspectors check if the exhaust system is installed correctly. Then they go up to the attic and onto the roof to check the condition of the ventilation ducts and heads. They must be safe and sound. It is very important to quickly eliminate the ventilation malfunction, restore traction, otherwise the risk of poisoning increases. carbon monoxide.
If in closed room turn on the hood with the geyser, then the air will begin to be removed into the ventilation shaft. fresh air where to come from, and the products of combustion move into reverse direction. So carbon monoxide accumulates in a significant concentration in the apartment. Every year, hundreds of adults and children die from carbon monoxide poisoning in Russia, and entire families die. The reason for this is faulty ventilation and tightly closed windows. The lion's share of cases is associated with reverse draft in the smoke ducts of apartments equipped with gas water heaters. Backlash is caused by two factors:
- lack of air flow closed window and window leaf);
- exhaust hood over the stove or exhaust fan in the ventilation duct.
Inspection and cleaning of smoke and ventilation ducts
To conduct an inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts at a convenient time for you, just call the Center emergency assistance in emergencies to get service when you are at home. You can also conclude an inspection contract, according to which periodic and unscheduled maintenance will be performed. The frequency of inspections is once a year. And if there are gas water heaters in the house, the frequency of checks should be increased to 2 times a year. Smoke ducts should be thoroughly inspected every 3 months. Maintaining the health of ventilation shafts, hoods, heads and other equipment is a guarantee of safety for everyone who lives in an apartment or house.
One of possible causes lack of traction, in addition to a malfunction of the hood, there may be a clogged ventilation duct. Most often, bricks that have fallen from the heads, branches, debris and even birds are found in it. These problems need to be dealt with radically. To eliminate the blockage that has arisen, several methods are used: lower the load, clean the channel from below with a brush or cable, make a technological hole from the side of the entrance or residential apartment. What to do if you smell all the smells of the neighbor's kitchen in your apartment? Do you have serious suspicions that ventilation has not been fulfilling its function for a long time? The CEHR specialists will help to set up the ventilation as efficiently as possible.
Organizations that perform ventilation duct inspections
State bodies, having discovered inconsistencies, will certainly make an order to correct everything. If the situation is an emergency, then information about this is sent to gas service, which will turn off the gas supply to the apartment until the violations are eliminated. Termination of gas supply occurs in the event of unauthorized and uncoordinated reconstruction of chimneys and ventilation ducts, unauthorized transfer gas equipment and its connection, unauthorized redevelopment. Checking the technical condition of ventilation and smoke channels VDPO inspectors conduct several times a year. If a gas boiler or geyser equipped with a red brick chimney, a quarterly check is needed (every 3 months). If the chimney is made of silicate brick or asbestos-cement pipes, then the timing of checking the ventilation ducts is much less frequent - 1 time per year. Many people who are faced with the problem of lack of normal ventilation in the apartment turn to their management company. However, the result has to wait a very long time.
Frequency of inspection of the technical condition of the chimney
Signs of violation correct operation ventilation is:
- high (above 60%) or low (below 40%) humidity in the apartment;
- condensation on windows;
- foreign odors.
If the air in the apartment is either too dry or too humid, this adversely affects respiratory system which can lead to the development of lung diseases. Checking and cleaning ventilation is carried out using technology that will show if there are deviations from the standards. Measurements begin with determining the speed of air movement. To check if there is draft and how well the ventilation system works, use special device anemometer. The readings of the device allow you to determine what kind of air exchange in the apartment.
Services for checking ventilation and smoke ducts
In cases where Management Company for some reason, it is delayed in solving the problem, you can independently initiate a check of the ventilation ducts. The price of the service is more than affordable. So, if you value your time and are interested in quickly and efficiently tidying up the ventilation, chimney and ventilation duct, just dial the CEPHS phone number. Our experts can carry out an urgent inspection and cleaning. In order to draw up an act of periodic inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts, the specialists of our center examine the ventilation shaft for blockages, check the condition of the fire cuts in those places of the roof where the chimney passes through the ceilings, and make sure that the heads are in good condition. After all these actions are completed, an act of examination of the smoke channels will be drawn up. If the owner of a residential building or the entrepreneur renting the premises does not have an act on the periodic inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts, then the gas supply organization has the right to stop the gas supply to heating equipment, which is used in this case. In order not to receive a disconnection notification from the gas supply company, it is more correct and safer to sign an inspection contract. Needless to say, prevention is better than repair. The cost of periodic inspection of ventilation ducts is much less than the urgent cleaning. This is especially important to do before heating season. If you are interested in the safety of your home and the health of your loved ones, be sure to call us.
The construction of a residential building at the design stage provides for the mandatory presence of channels for natural ventilation. From a safety point of view, this applies primarily to houses with installed gas appliances. Improper circulation or insufficient air supply can also lead to negative consequences.
Checking ventilation as a vital necessity
Ventilation of premises is understood as the entry of air into the apartment from the outside, ensuring its ventilation, displacement of gaseous waste products of humans, animals, etc. Ventilation systems include devices and equipment that ensure the regulation of air exchange. There are several types of ventilation systems, but in multi-storey residential buildings, basically, the supply and exhaust type of ventilation operates.
The absence or inefficient work of it will immediately be noticed by the owners of apartments in a multi-storey building. Main features:
- deterioration in the well-being of people;
- penetration of odors from neighbors;
- the formation of mold, fungus in the bathroom and bathroom;
- high humidity in the rooms, linen that does not dry out for a long time;
- the spread of odors from the toilet, kitchen throughout the apartment.
If these symptoms are present, a ventilation check is performed. Its main goal is to eliminate the listed problems, prevent damage to household items and furniture. The main requirement is the creation of a healthy microclimate.
Analysis of ventilation efficiency: tasks to be solved
- Identification of compliance (non-compliance) of the microclimate with sanitary requirements.
- Analysis of work separately for inflow and exhaust gives an actual picture of the functioning of household appliances, appliances (gas boiler and stove).
- The shortcomings identified during the inspection can serve as a reason for cleaning the ventilation ducts, arranging air vents, installing additional equipment (supply valves, fans for forced exhaust, etc.)
Attention! Regulatory documents governing the operation of ventilation are SanPiN 2.1.2.1002-00 (PDN for microclimate and indoor air), an addition to SNiP 2.08.01-89 Reference manual "Heating and ventilation of residential buildings", SNiP 31-01-2003 by type of system ventilation and others. According to them, the regularity of checking ventilation shafts, channels is carried out once a year (at least). If heating and cooking installations are operated all year round, the ventilation should be inspected at least 2 times.
How can I organize an audit?
During the inspection of the supply and exhaust systems, the compliance of the air exchange in the premises with different purposes with the requirements of the project and sanitary standards is revealed. In good condition, properly designed ventilation shafts are visually hidden, their work is not audible. There are several ways to check the ventilation in an apartment.
Match
The effect of a lit candle (match). Bringing a burning flame to the ventilation grill in the bathroom or in the kitchen to the channel closed by the grill will show the operation of the ventilation. If the vertical column of flame, with the window (window) open, deviated into the room or remained in the same position, then the system is not working. But this method is dangerous and is not recommended by employees of the gas supply organization. In the event of a gas leak in the house, the open fire of a candle can provoke an explosion.
Paper
Safe, but no less effective "paper" option. With the window open, a sheet of newspaper or other thin paper placed against the grate should adhere tightly to it and be held by a pull.
These methods justify themselves only in the cold season. In the heat, at almost the same temperatures outside and inside the premises, the laws of physics for the displacement of warm light masses by colder air do not work. Therefore, regular ventilation is organized. If malfunctions are found in the operation of ventilation, measures are taken to eliminate them.
Devices
A professional ventilation survey gives an assessment of the degree of clogging of floor and common house ventilation ducts. The power of the air draft and the degree of "sucking" that occurs due to the formation of reduced pressure are checked.
Using devices to evaluate the effectiveness of ventilation
The most accurate check of ventilation in an apartment building is instrumental measurements. An anemometer is used. For personal use, you can purchase the simplest model. Representatives of the sanitary service work with more advanced devices for calculating the rate of air exchange in rooms of different purposes. Such anemometers have remote sensors and built-in computing modules.
According to current regulations, the natural movement of air must be:
- for the kitchen - 60 m3 / h (without a gas stove);
- for a bathroom and a bathroom - 25 m3 / h.
The anemometer reading is the speed of air movement in the ventilation duct. Knowing it, as well as the cross section of the lattice, it is possible, using special tables, to calculate the performance of the system.
Important! Measurements are carried out for each exhaust shaft and the causes of the identified failures in the operation of ventilation are clarified.
Measurement algorithm
- By opening the window, air flow is created.
- The ventilation channel is released from the grate.
- The impeller of the included anemometer is placed in the channel.
- The instrument readings are read.
- Actual measurements are compared with normative data.
Attention! In the exhaust ventilation shaft, the air velocity must be at least 5 m/s. In bends - at least 3 m / s.
What tasks does professional expertise solve?
Most often, the cause of misted glass, the formation of fungus, dampness and stale air in the room lies in the mistakes of designers and builders. Their correction is impossible without radical measures: a major overhaul or reconstruction of the house. An independent inspection reveals the flaws of builders during the installation of shafts, ducts, highways, and also proposes measures to eliminate them.
Checking the ventilation in the apartment by the management company should be carried out on the basis of the "Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building". The document contains a list of sequential steps to maintain it in good condition. This includes:
- system performance analysis and maintenance;
- Troubleshooting causing excessive levels of vibration and noise during operation;
- development of restoration and repair measures, etc.
Important! The company is responsible for the technical serviceability of the ventilation ducts, therefore it is obliged to check the operation of the systems every six months (in summer and winter). Regardless of the type of air exchange organization, the maintenance of residential buildings is confirmed by an inspection report.
If the building with inefficient ventilation is a multi-apartment new building, then it is covered by a guarantee (at least 5 years). It is necessary to require the developer to conduct an inspection of the ventilation system, troubleshooting.
In the event of a dispute in an apartment building, an independent examination is carried out. The examination allows to identify the reasons for the inefficiency of ventilation, non-compliance with construction and installation rules when installing ventilation shafts. Indicates a list of works to improve aeration. All proposals are documented. Recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of the system in different areas of the apartment and house.
Question :
How should the smoke and ventilation ducts of an apartment building be periodically checked? Do you need to walk around the apartments and check the presence of draft, or is it enough to check the draft in the ventilation shafts? Provided that only a gas stove is installed in the apartment, how often should the ventilation ducts be checked? Should the managing organization check the presence of traction in the apartment or is it the responsibility of the owner? And in the bathroom the same frequency of checking ventilation ducts as in the kitchen?
Answer :
Smoke and ventilation ducts belong to the common property of an apartment building.
The managing organization itself can carry out inspections of the condition and functioning of smoke and ventilation ducts, if necessary, their cleaning and (or) repair by persons responsible for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building if they have a license, or by concluding an agreement on their inspection, as well as when the need for cleaning and (or) repair with a specialized organization.
The frequency of checking smoke and ventilation ducts in an apartment building is carried out at least 3 times a year, if there are only gas stoves in apartments, such checks are carried out 2 times a year, the terms should be reflected in the contract.
Checking the presence of traction in the channels is carried out directly in the apartments by the managing organization or a specialized organization.
The frequency of checking the draft in the sanitary facilities is determined by the contract.
By virtue of clause 5. Rules for the use of gas in terms of ensuring safety in the use and maintenance of in-house and in-house gas equipment when providing public service on gas supply (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 14, 2013 N 410) (hereinafter referred to as Rules 410), a prerequisite for the safe use of in-house and in-house gas equipment is the proper maintenance of smoke and ventilation ducts in residential premises and apartment buildings.
According to paragraph 14. Rules 410, an agreement on inspection, as well as, if necessary, on cleaning and (or) repairing smoke and ventilation ducts, is concluded with an organization admitted to perform the relevant work on the basis of a license issued in the manner prescribed by the Regulation on Licensing Activities for installation, maintenance and repair of means of support fire safety buildings and structures, approved by the Government Russian Federation dated December 30, 2011 N 1225, and is executed in the manner prescribed by Art. 730-739 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
In accordance with clause 12 (Rules 410), the condition of the smoke and ventilation ducts is checked and, if necessary, they are cleaned:
When accepting smoke and ventilation ducts for operation during the gasification of the building and (or) connecting new gas-using equipment;
During the reconstruction and repair of smoke and ventilation ducts;
During the operation of smoke and ventilation ducts (periodic inspection) - at least 3 times a year (no later than 7 calendar days before the start of the heating season, in the middle of the heating season and no later than 7 days after the end of the heating season);
In the absence of traction detected during operation, during the maintenance and repair of in-house and (or) in-house gas equipment, in the diagnosis of in-house and (or) in-house gas equipment and emergency dispatch support.
Service organizations housing stock are responsible for the technically sound condition of the ventilation ducts.
In the process of maintenance of the housing stock, they must ensure periodic checks of the suitability of ventilation ducts and chimneys for operation within the following periods (clause 4.3.12 of MDK 2-04.2004):
a) chimneys:
Brick - once every three months;
Asbestos-cement, pottery and heat-resistant concrete - once a year;
Heating and cooking stoves - three times a year (before and in the middle of the heating season, as well as in springtime);
Heating stoves and boilers - once a year (before the heating season);
b) ventilation ducts of premises where gas appliances are installed - at least twice a year (in winter and summer).
In accordance with clause 5.5.6. "Rules and norms technical operation housing stock” (Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated September 27, 2003 N 170), an organization servicing the housing stock must: