Methodological recommendations for rationing. On the approval of methodological recommendations for the development of labor rationing systems in state (municipal) institutions. Stages of development of regulatory materials

MINISTRY OF LABOR AND SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ORDER

In accordance with paragraph 10 of Appendix No. 2 to the Program for the gradual improvement of the wage system in state (municipal) institutions for 2012-2018, approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 26, 2012 N 2190-r,

I order:

Approve guidelines for the development of labor rationing systems in state (municipal) institutions in accordance with the appendix.

Minister
M.Topilin

Appendix. Guidelines for the development of labor rationing systems in state (municipal) institutions

Appendix
to the order of the Ministry of Labor
and social protection
Russian Federation

I. General provisions

1. Guidelines on the development of labor rationing systems in state (municipal) institutions (hereinafter referred to as the Methodological Recommendations) were prepared in order to provide methodological assistance to state and municipal institutions in the development (definition) of labor rationing systems, taking into account the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in institutions ( equipment and materials used, technologies and methods of work performance, other organizational and technical factors that can significantly affect the value of the labor standard).

2. When developing (defining) a system of labor rationing in a state (municipal) institution (hereinafter referred to as the institution), a set of decisions is formed, established in the local regulations of the institution or a collective agreement, which determines:

labor standards applied in the institution by types of work and workplaces in the performance of certain types of work (functions) (hereinafter - labor standards), as well as methods and methods for their establishment;

the procedure and conditions for the introduction of labor standards in relation to specific production conditions, workplace;

the procedure and conditions for replacing and revising labor standards as new equipment, technology is improved or introduced, and organizational or other measures are taken to ensure the growth of labor productivity, as well as in the case of using physically and morally obsolete equipment;

measures aimed at compliance with established labor standards.

3. The main objectives of the labor rationing system in the institution are:

creation of conditions necessary for the introduction of rational organizational, technological and labor processes, improvement of labor organization;

ensuring a normal level of tension (intensity) of labor in the performance of work (provision of state (municipal) services);

improving the efficiency of servicing consumers of state (municipal) services.

4. The composition and content of work on the regulation of labor in an institution are determined by the goals and objectives of the regulation of labor processes of employees of institutions in certain organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes.

5. The employer is responsible for the state of labor rationing in the institution. The organization of work related to the regulation of labor, including the implementation of organizational and technical measures, the introduction of rational organizational, technological and labor processes, the improvement of the organization of labor, can be carried out both directly by the head of the institution, and in the prescribed manner can be entrusted by the head to one of his deputies.

6. The development (definition) of the labor rationing system in the institution should be carried out by specialists with necessary knowledge and skills in the field of organization and regulation of work. Taking into account the number of employees and the specifics of the institution's activities, it is recommended to create a specialized structural unit(services) for labor regulation. In its absence, the performance of work related to the regulation of labor may be entrusted to a structural unit (employee), which is in charge of staffing the activities of the institution, organization of labor and wages.

II. Recommended approaches to the development of a labor rationing system

7. When developing a labor rationing system, labor standards are determined in relation to technological (labor) processes and organizational and technical conditions for their implementation in an institution. In the course of analyzing the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in an institution, it is recommended to take into account the technologies used, methods, standards for performing work (rendering services), the parameters of work and maintenance of the equipment used, working conditions at workplaces, forms of labor organization, work modes and rest and other parameters, including regulated breaks, characteristics of work performed, rational division and cooperation of labor.

8. When determining labor standards, it is recommended to analyze the existing standard (intersectoral, sectoral, professional and other) labor standards approved by the federal executive authorities in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 11, 2002 N 804 "On the rules for the development and approval of model standards labor" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2002, N 46, art. 4583) (hereinafter referred to as standard labor standards), and their correlation with the actual organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in the institution.

9. On the basis of standard labor standards, the following can be determined for use in an institution:

norms of time (expenditure of working time for the performance of a unit of work (function) or the provision of a service by one or a group of employees of the appropriate qualification);

service standards (the number of objects (jobs, equipment, areas, etc.) that an employee or a group of employees of appropriate qualifications are required to service during a unit of working time);

headcount norms (the established number of employees of a certain professional and qualification composition, necessary to perform specific production, management functions or scope of work).

10. Labor standards can be determined for a separate type of work, an interconnected group of works ( enlarged norm labor) and a completed set of works (complex labor norm). The degree of consolidation of labor standards is determined by the specific conditions of the organization of production and labor.

11. Labor standards can serve to establish a standardized task (a set amount of work that an employee or a group of employees performs per work shift or in another unit of working time).

12. Recommended methods for determining the population rate based on typical time standards and standard service rates, determining the service rate based on typical time rates are given in Appendix No. 1 to the Methodological Recommendations.

13. When determining labor standards in an institution on the basis of standard labor standards, comprehensively substantiated labor cost standards established for homogeneous work are used in relation to standard technological (labor) processes and standard organizational and technical conditions for their implementation in the relevant sector of the economy.

If the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in the institution coincide with them, it is recommended to use standard labor standards.

A similar decision is recommended to be taken if the existing differences in the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes cannot significantly affect the labor rate. The decision on the significance of differences in the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes is made taking into account the opinion of the representative body of employees.

Comprehensively justified norms of labor costs provide for progressive modes of operation of equipment, rational techniques and methods of work, organization and maintenance of workplaces, optimal employment of workers, maximum use of workplace opportunities, high quality products (works, services), maintaining the health and working capacity of workers.

14. When creating more progressive organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes or their non-compliance with standard labor standards, it is recommended to use standard labor standards as a basis for determining and justifying labor standards by adjusting them taking into account the actual organizational and technological conditions for performing technological (labor) ) processes in the institution.

Examples (algorithms) for calculating labor standards by correcting standard labor standards, taking into account the organizational and technological conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in an institution, are given in Appendix No. 2 to the Methodological Recommendations.

15. When planning measures to improve the efficiency of the provision of state (municipal) services, it is recommended to use standard labor standards as a reference:

for institutions in which the organizational and technical conditions are below the level for which the standard norms are designed;

in the study of the cost of working time and the analysis of the loss of working time.

After taking measures to change the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes, labor standards in the institution may be revised in the manner prescribed by law.

16. In the absence of standard labor standards for certain types of work and workplaces, the relevant labor standards are developed in the institution, taking into account the recommendations of the organization exercising the functions and powers of the founder, or with the involvement of relevant specialists in the prescribed manner.

17. The content of the work on the definition of labor standards are:

analysis labor process based on the standard for the provision of state (municipal) services, dividing it into parts;

choice the best option technologies and organization of work, effective methods and techniques of work;

designing modes of operation of equipment, techniques and methods of work, systems for servicing workplaces, modes of work and rest;

determination of labor standards in accordance with the characteristics of technological and labor processes, their implementation and subsequent adjustment as the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes change.

When carrying out this work, it is recommended to focus on methodological recommendations for federal executive authorities on the development of standard industry labor standards, approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated May 31, 2013 N 235, in terms of organizing work and calculating labor standards.

18. When purchasing new equipment in accordance with the established procedure, institutions are recommended to carry out a comparative calculation of the impact on the labor rate of the introduction of purchased equipment. At the same time, it is recommended to provide for a comparison of the characteristics of the purchased equipment with the characteristics of the equipment used in the development of standard labor standards (in the absence of standard labor standards, with the equipment used in the institution).

19. Along with labor standards established in an institution for an indefinite period, temporary and one-time labor norms may be applied for technological (labor) processes that are stable in terms of organizational and technical conditions.

Temporary labor standards are established for the period of development of certain works in the absence of approved regulatory materials for labor rationing.

The period of validity of temporary labor standards determined by the institution is recommended to be set no more than 3 months.

One-time labor standards are determined by the employer for individual work that is of a single nature (unscheduled, emergency).

III. Establishment of a labor rationing system in an institution

20. It is recommended that the system of labor rationing in an institution be established in the Regulations on the labor rationing system of the institution (hereinafter referred to as the Regulation), which is either approved by the local regulatory act of the institution, taking into account the opinion of the representative body of employees, or is included as a separate section in the collective agreement.

21. It is recommended to take into account the opinion of the representative body of employees in the procedure for adopting local regulations established by labor legislation.

22. It is recommended to include the following sections in the Regulations:

a) "Labor standards applied in the institution".

The appendix to this section contains:

references to standard labor standards used in determining labor standards;

applied methods for determining the population rate based on the typical time rate, the number rate based on the typical service rate and the service rate based on the typical time rate (if calculations were made);

calculation of the correction of standard labor standards, taking into account the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in the institution (if a correction was carried out);

methods and means of establishing labor standards for individual positions (professions of workers), types of work (functions) for which there are no standard labor standards;

b) "Procedure for the implementation of labor standards";

c) "The procedure for organizing the replacement and revision of labor standards";

d) "Measures aimed at compliance with established labor standards."

23. When concluding an employment contract with an employee, it is recommended to familiarize him with labor standards. If the employee establishes norms of time for the performance of work (provision of services) or norms of service, it is recommended to indicate in the employment contract with the employee that their performance is carried out within the limits of the working time established for him.

24. Employees are notified of the introduction of new labor standards no later than two months before their entry into force. In a similar period of time, employees are notified of the correction of erroneous labor standards (labor standards, when establishing which the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes were incorrectly taken into account or inaccuracies were made in the application of regulatory materials or in calculations).

Taking into account the opinion of the employees' representative body on the reduction of erroneous labor standards, employees may be notified within a shorter period of time.

25. The form of notification of the introduction of new labor standards is determined by the institution independently. At the same time, it is recommended to indicate the previously existing labor standards, new labor standards, the factors that served as the basis for the introduction of new labor standards or their adjustment.

26. It is recommended that before the introduction of new labor standards, instruct and train employees in the most effective methods and techniques for performing work, while both individual and group forms of their implementation can be used.

27. When carrying out work on the development of labor standards, it is recommended to analyze the degree of mastery of work by each employee on the basis of data on the implementation of standards.

When mastering labor standards in connection with the introduction of new equipment and technology, when, along with mastering rational methods labor, employees need to acquire new theoretical and practical knowledge, it is recommended to train employees.

When mastering new types of work (standards for the provision of state (municipal) services or discrepancy between the actual organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes designed in the newly introduced labor standards, it is recommended to apply correction factors.

28. It is recommended that a period of review be undertaken to determine whether it is appropriate to review applicable labor standards at least once every five years. Based on the results of the analysis, a decision can be made to maintain the established labor standards or to develop new labor standards. Until the introduction of new labor standards, the previously established ones continue to apply.

Labor standards may be revised as new equipment, technology is improved or introduced, and organizational or other measures are taken to ensure the growth of labor productivity, as well as in the case of the use of physically and morally obsolete equipment.

It is recommended to introduce new labor standards in institutions simultaneously with the introduction of new standards for the provision of services, new equipment, technology, types of products (services).

Other grounds for revising labor standards are not established by labor legislation. Overfulfillment of labor standards by individual employees, including due to a high level of personal professional qualities, the use of new methods of work on their initiative and the improvement of workplaces cannot be considered as a basis for revising the labor standards established in the institution.

The revision of erroneous labor standards is carried out as they are identified, taking into account the opinion of the representative body of workers.

29. The employer is recommended to take measures aimed at compliance with established labor standards, including the provision of normal conditions for employees to comply with labor standards. These conditions include, in particular:

good condition of premises, structures, machines, technological equipment and equipment;

timely provision of technical and other documentation necessary for work;

proper quality of materials, tools, other means and items necessary for the performance of work, their timely provision to the employee;

working conditions that meet the requirements of labor protection and production safety.

Appendix N 1 to the Methodological Recommendations. Recommended methods for determining the population norm based on standard time norms and typical service norms, determining the service norm based on typical time norms

Appendix No. 1
to the Guidelines

labor in public
(municipal) institutions,
approved order

protection of the Russian Federation
dated September 30, 2013 N 504

1. Recommended methodology for determining population norms based on typical time norms

The population norm based on typical time norms is determined by the formula:

Nch \u003d (To / Fp) * Kn, where:

Nch - the norm of the number of workers of a certain qualification, necessary for the performance of work, for which time standards are determined;

To - the total time spent per year on the amount of work performed by employees (hours) is determined by the formula:

That \u003d Tr * Kr, where:

Tr - time spent on the corresponding type of work, for which time standards are determined;

Tr \u003d Hv * Oi, where:

Нв - typical norm of time for work of the i-th type, hours;



Example 1. Determination of population norms based on typical time norms

1. Initial data.

Employees of the institution holding the position of employee "DS1" perform work on the provision of social services to citizens (hereinafter referred to as su): su1, su2, su3, su4. All work on the provision of social services to citizens is covered by labor standards, that is, according to this species work coefficient taking into account labor costs for work of a one-time nature, for which time standards are not determined Kp (su) \u003d 1.

In addition, in their official duties includes the preparation of methodological, reference and reporting materials (hereinafter - om): om1, om2, om3. Among the works of this type in the institution there are works that are of a one-time nature, for which time standards are not defined. The share of time spent on these works is 20% of the total time spent on preparing methodological, reference and reporting materials. For this type of work, the coefficient that takes into account labor costs for work of a one-time nature, for which time norms are not determined Kp (om) = 1.2.

Standard time norms for each of the works are established:

Hv (su1) = 0.5 hours;

Hv (su2) = 1 hour;

Hb (su3) = 1.5 hours;

Hv (su4) = 3 hours;

Hv (ohm1) = 5 hours;

Hv (ohm2) = 12 hours;

Hv (ohm3) = 20 hours.

The volume for each of the works performed during the year is determined:

O (su1) = 8500 units;

O (cy2) = 2380 units;

O (cy3) = 7900 units;

O (cy4) = 2500 units;

O (ohm1) = 100 units;

O (ohm2) = 8 units;

O (ohm3) = 4 units.



The total time not worked due to absenteeism of employees for the billing period (Tr) amounted to 7213 hours.

The average number of employees of the institution for 2011-2012 (Nav) amounted to 215 people.

2. Carrying out calculations.

According to formula 4 (Тр=Нв*Оi), the time spent on the relevant work is determined:

Tr (su) \u003d Hv (su1) * O (su1) + Hv (su2) * O (su2) + Hv (su3) * O (su3) + Hv (su4) * O (su4) \u003d 0.5 * 8500 + 1*2380 + 1.5*7900 + 3*2500 = 25980 hours;

Tr (ohm) \u003d Hv (ohm1) * O (ohm1) + Hv (ohm2) * O (ohm2) + Hv (ohm3) * O (ohm3) \u003d 5 * 100 + 12 * 8 + 20 * 4 \u003d 676 hours.

According to formula 3 (To = Tr * Kr), the total time spent on the amount of work per year performed by employees is determined:

To \u003d Tr (su) * Kr (su) + Tr (ohm) * Kr (ohm) \u003d 25980 * 1 + 676 * 1.2 \u003d 26791.2 hours.







Fp \u003d 1970 hours - (28 calendar days / 7 days of a calendar week * 5 working weeks * 8 hours) \u003d 1810 hours.

Fsum \u003d 3967 hours - (2 years * 28 calendar days / 7 days of a calendar week * 5 working weeks * 8 hours) \u003d 3647 hours.

According to formula 2 (Кн = 1 + Вр/(Фsum * Ср), the coefficient is determined that takes into account the planned absenteeism of employees during unpaid leave, illness, etc.

Kn \u003d 1 + 7213 / (3647 * 215) \u003d 1.0092.

According to formula 1 (Nch \u003d (To / Fp) * Kn), the population norm is determined:

Hch \u003d 26791.2 / 1810 * 1.0092 \u003d 14.94.

Accordingly, in the staffing table of the institution, it is necessary to provide for 15 positions of an employee "DS1".

2. Recommended methodology for determining the population rate based on standard service rates

The estimated norm of time for servicing one piece of equipment, one workplace, one serviced citizen, etc. is determined. according to the formula:

Нрн \u003d Tvr / Nob, where:

Нрн - the estimated norm of time for servicing one piece of equipment, one workplace, one serviced citizen, etc.;

Nob - typical service rate;

Tvr is a unit of working time for which the service rate was calculated, hours.

The population norm based on the estimated time norms is determined by the formula:

Nch \u003d (To / Fp) * Kn, where:

Nch - the norm of the number of employees of a certain qualification necessary to perform work, for which service standards are determined;

Фп - planned normative fund of working time of one employee per year. Determined by the production calendar for the current year. At the same time, the working time fund according to the production calendar is reduced taking into account the established duration of the employee's paid holidays (both basic and additional) and the reduced working time for individual positions of employees (professions of workers), and also depending on working conditions;

Kn - coefficient taking into account the planned absenteeism of employees during unpaid leave, illness, etc., determined by the formula:

Kn \u003d 1 + Vr / (Fsum * Chsr), where:

Вр - the total time not worked due to absenteeism of the employees of the institution for the billing period of time;

Fsum - the normative fund of working time of one employee for the billing period of time;

Chsr - the average number of all employees of the institution (including employees holding positions of employees, for whom the number norms are updated in the course of this calculation) for the billing period of time (it is recommended to choose a billing period of at least two years preceding the month of the calculation);

To - the total time spent per year on the amount of work performed by employees (hours) is determined by the formula:

That \u003d Tr * Kr, where:

Tr - time spent on the corresponding type of work, for which the estimated time standards are determined;

the values ​​are summarized for all types of work performed;

Кр is a coefficient that takes into account labor costs for work of a one-time nature, for which time standards are not determined.

The time spent on the corresponding type of normalized work is calculated by the formula:

Tr \u003d Hn * Oi, where:

Hrr - the estimated time rate for servicing one piece of equipment, one workplace, one serviced citizen, etc., hours;

Oi - the amount of work of the i-th type, performed during the year.

Example 2. Determining the population rate based on typical service rates

1. Initial data.

Employees of the institution, holding the position of an employee of "DS2", perform work to provide citizens with a complex of social services (hereinafter - og). For all works, there are established labor standards, that is, for this type of work, a coefficient that takes into account labor costs for work of a one-time nature, for which time norms Kp (og) \u003d 1 are not defined.

The typical rate of Nob service is 16 serviced citizens per working day (Tvr = 8 hours).

The number of citizens served is 320 people. Each of them is provided with a complex of social services daily.

Employees have a five-day working week, working hours - 40 hours a week, the duration of the annual paid leave - 28 calendar days.

The total time not worked due to absenteeism of employees for the billing period (Tr) was 15050 hours.

The average number of employees of the institution for 2011-2012 (Nav) amounted to 430 people.

2. Carrying out calculations.

According to formula 5 (Нрн = Нб/Твр), the estimated time norm per one served citizen for one calendar day is determined:

Нрн = 8/16 = 0.5 hours.

According to formula 9 (Тр =Нрн*Оi), the time spent on the corresponding type of work is calculated, according to which the time norms are determined. At the same time, the amount of work performed during the year is equal to the product of the number of citizens served by the number of calendar days in the year Oi(og) = 430 * 365 = 156960 complexes of social services.

Tr (og) \u003d 0.5 * 156960 \u003d 78475 hours.

According to formula 8 (To = Tr * Kr), the total time spent on the amount of work per year performed by employees is calculated:

To(og) = 78475 * 1 = 78475 hours.

The normative fund of working time of one employee for 2013 Fp and the normative fund of working time of one employee for the billing period of time Fsum are determined by production calendars for the respective years. In this example, we take the two previous calendar years (2011 and 2012). With a 40-hour working week, the working time fund of one employee was: in 2013 - 1970 hours, in 2012 - 1986 hours, in 2011 - 1981 hours.

The normative working time fund of one employee is reduced taking into account the time of paid annual leave. This takes into account the annual basic paid leave and the annual additional paid holidays provided to employees. In the given example, the duration of the annual basic paid leave is 28 calendar days, additional paid holidays are not provided to employees.

Paid vacation time is converted into working hours. To do this, the number of calendar days of vacation is divided by the number of calendar days in one calendar week (7 days) and multiplied by the number of working days in one calendar week (5 days) and the number of working hours in one working day (8 hours). After that, Fp and Fsum are determined (taking into account the fact that the working time fund is determined for two calendar years, the time for paid annual leave is doubled).

Fp \u003d 1970 hours - (28 calendar days * 8 hours / 7 days of a calendar week * 5 working weeks) \u003d 1810 hours.

Fsum \u003d 3967 hours 2 years * (28 calendar days * 8 hours / 7 days of a calendar week * 5 working weeks) \u003d 3647 hours.

According to formula 7 (Kn \u003d 1 + Vr / (Fsum * Chavl), a coefficient is determined that takes into account the planned absenteeism of employees during unpaid leave, illness, etc.:

Kn (og) \u003d 1 + 15050 / (3967 * 430) \u003d 1.008823.

According to formula 6 (Nch \u003d (To / Fp) * Kn), the population norm is determined:

Hch \u003d 78475 / 1810 * 1.008823 \u003d 43.7.

Accordingly, in the staff list of the institution, it is necessary to provide for 44 positions of the "DS2" employee.

3. Recommended methodology for determining service rates based on typical time rates

The service rate based on typical time standards is determined by the formula:

Nobr \u003d Fv / Hv, where:

Nobr - service rate;

Frv - working time fund for the period for which the service rate is determined (shift, week, month, etc.);

Hb - typical norm of time, hours.

Example 3. Determining the rate of service for one working day based on typical time rates

1. Initial data.

An employee of an institution holding the position of an employee of "DS3", as part of the implementation of social support measures, performs work on the issuance of material assets to citizens (food, essential goods, etc.).

The standard norm of time for serving one served citizen is 0.5 hours. The working day of an employee is 8 hours.

2. Carrying out calculations.

According to formula 10 (Nobr \u003d Fv / Hv), the service rate is determined:

Nobr \u003d 8 / 0.5 \u003d 16 served citizens.

The rate of service for an employee holding the position of an employee of "DS3" is 16 served citizens, which must be taken into account when organizing the provision of an appropriate social service.

Appendix No. 2 to the Guidelines. Examples (algorithms) for calculating labor standards by correcting standard labor standards, taking into account the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in a state (municipal) institution ...

Appendix No. 2
to the Guidelines
on the development of a rationing system
labor in public
(municipal) institutions,
approved order
Ministry of Labor and Social
protection of the Russian Federation
dated September 30, 2013 N 504

Examples (algorithms) for calculating labor standards by correcting standard labor standards, taking into account the organizational and technical conditions for the implementation of technological (labor) processes in a state (municipal) institution

Example 1 Calculation of an institution's time standard by applying a correction factor to a typical time standard.

The typical norm of time is “A” minutes required to perform work related to the escort by an employee of an institution of a citizen admitted to the admissions department to the day care department, provided that the distance between them does not exceed 50 meters. In addition, correction factors are provided for the following distances:

from 50.1 to 60 meters - 1.2;

from 60.1 to 70 meters - 1.4.

There are four day care departments in the institution, the distance between the reception department and the day care departments is:

branch N 1 - 40 meters;

branch N 2 - 54 meters;

branch N 3 - 65 meters;

branch N 4 - 80 meters.

Accordingly, the time limit for escorting to department No. 1 should be determined in the "basic" size - "A" minutes (distance up to 50 meters).

When escorted to department N 2, the time limit is determined in the amount of "A" minutes * by 1.2 (taking into account the correction factor provided for by the typical time limit - 1.2 for a distance of 50.1 to 60 meters).

When accompanied to department N 3, the time limit is determined in the amount of "A" minutes * by 1.4 (taking into account the correction factor provided for by the standard labor norm - 1.4 for a distance of 60.1 to 70 meters).

To determine the time norm of the institution when escorted to department No. 4, a correction factor should be calculated to the "base" value of the typical time norm ("A" minutes). When calculating, it is recommended to use the closest to the actual distance *

________________

The calculation is carried out in two stages. First, the average distance that the accompanying person and the citizen will move in 1 minute is determined = "A" minutes * 1.4 / 70 meters. In doing so, it is recommended to take into account the maximum distance for which the typical time norm is applicable.

Then, at the second stage, the norm of time is determined as the average for which the escort and the citizen will move in 1 minute, multiplied by 80 meters (the actual distance when escorted to department No. 4).

Example 2. Determining the norm of time for the provision of one service by comparing the characteristics of the equipment used.

The typical time norm defines the time for rendering one service "H" - 60 minutes. The calculation of the labor rate was carried out taking into account the use of the "X1" apparatus.

In the institution, when providing the "H" service, the "X5" device is used. Thus, the institution needs to evaluate the impact on the time of service "H" replacement of the device "X1" by "X5".

According to the operating instructions for the "X1" device, it must be warmed up for 10 minutes before starting work. At the same time it is necessary to enter the operating program of the apparatus. Each time the program is entered manually by the operator. The execution time of the program used in the provision of the "H" service is 2 minutes. Thus, out of 60 minutes of the provision of the service "H", 12 minutes are accounted for by the operation of the device "X12".*

________________
*The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.

According to the operating instructions for the "X5" apparatus, the heating of the "X5" apparatus takes 1 minute, during which it is necessary to select the operating program of the apparatus. The programs have been entered into the memory of the "X52" device.* The execution time of the program used in the provision of the "H" service is 2 minutes. Therefore, the total operating time of the "X5" device in the provision of the "H" service is 3 minutes. Accordingly, the replacement of the "X1" device on the device "X5" allows you to save 9 minutes (12 minutes - 3 minutes).The total standard time for the provision of one service "H" is reduced to 51 minutes, which should be recorded when determining the system of labor rationing of the institution.

________________
* The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.

Example 3. Determination of the norm of time for the provision of services in an institution, taking into account differences in organizational and technical conditions for the provision of services.

The typical time norm defines the time for the provision of one service "K" - 45 minutes. It is indicated that it includes five successive stages. An analysis of the provision of service "K" by the institution shows that, taking into account the peculiarities of technical or natural and climatic conditions (for example, additional heating of equipment located on an unheated site before starting up in the winter), one more additional stage is necessary. Accordingly, the institution must determine the standard time required to complete the additional stage, and, taking it into account, determine the labor rate of the institution.

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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ON REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS

Developed in order to establish the procedure and determine the labor costs of veterinary specialists when carrying out preventive, health-improving, therapeutic, veterinary and sanitary measures, veterinary and sanitary examination of food raw materials, products of animal and vegetable origin, laboratory studies of biological objects, state veterinary supervision and other veterinary works .

wear advisory character and can be used by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of veterinary medicine, the Rosselkhoznadzor and its territorial bodies, as well as organizations and institutions subordinate to them, for making calculations on the rationing of the work of specialists engaged in activities in the field of veterinary medicine.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The recommendations were developed in order to establish the procedure for determining the labor costs of veterinary specialists in the course of preventive, health-improving, therapeutic, veterinary and sanitary measures, veterinary and sanitary examination of food raw materials, products of animal and plant origin, laboratory studies of biological objects, state veterinary supervision and other veterinary work .

Methodology for rationing the work of workers, adopted in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation;

Methods for diagnosing, preventing infectious diseases, rules for veterinary and sanitary examination of products of animal and plant origin, laboratory studies of biological objects in veterinary medicine and other veterinary work;

Other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation regulating activities in the field of veterinary medicine.

1.4. Time norms are developed for the most common conditions for performing veterinary activities, veterinary work and contain norms for operational time, time for preparatory-final and other types of work, time for rest and personal needs.

1.5. Operational time norms are determined per unit of veterinary activities and work, taking into account norm-forming factors.

1.6. Taking into account the peculiarities of veterinary activities, the norms of operational time are established for individual, group and mass veterinary work. Individual work is associated with the implementation of such types of work that are performed in relation to one animal, individual processing, research, group work - in relation to a group of animals, group processing, research, mass work covers a large number of animals, numerous simultaneous studies of samples of biological materials.

1.7. The norms of time for preparatory-final and other types of work, rest and personal needs are determined for veterinarians, inspectors, paramedics, laboratory assistants and veterinary orderlies per year.

1.8. Time norms are divided into typical and individual. Standard time standards are developed and applied in the presence of highly qualified performers and the provision of their workplace with tools, equipment, medicines and other means in accordance with the mandatory lists of equipment necessary for the work of veterinary specialists. Individual time standards are developed in case of a significant difference in the conditions for the implementation of veterinary work from those laid down in the standard ones (lack of highly qualified specialists, use of non-standard equipment, etc.). When introduced into the practice of veterinary specialists, more modern methods and methods of work, new more productive machines, tools and equipment not provided for by these standards, individual time standards are also established.

1.9. Prior to the introduction of the recommended time standards in veterinary institutions, manufacturing enterprises, it is necessary to bring the organizational and technical conditions of veterinary activities in line with the accepted standards and instruct the performers.

1.10. Equipping veterinary institutions, veterinary services of enterprises with tools, equipment, medicines, biological products, reagents and other means is carried out according to the mandatory list of equipment necessary for the work of veterinary institutions and specialists.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF WORKING TIME

VETERINARY WORKERS

The working time of veterinary workers is divided into work time and break time.

2.1. Hours of work - this is the period of performance of the production task, during which the employee performs: preparatory and final, operational, casual, unproductive work and work to maintain the workplace.

The time of the preparatory and final work is spent by the performer (a group of performers - two or more veterinary specialists performing veterinary work) on methods and actions related to preparing for the performance of the production task (veterinary work) and its completion. It includes the time for putting on and taking off overalls and shoes at the beginning and end of the working day, during the lunch break; to receive production assignments and instructions from managers and specialists; transition from the sanitary checkpoint to the place of work and back; washing hands, shoes, preparing and cleaning the workplace; work with literature, etc.

Time of operational work - time of direct performance of veterinary work. It consists of time to perform the main and auxiliary work.

The time of the main work is spent on actions aimed at the object of labor, changing its quantitative and qualitative state. The impact results are the ultimate technological goal.

Auxiliary work time is spent on techniques and actions that ensure the successful completion of the main work. It is not associated with a direct impact on the object of labor, but without it it is impossible to perform the main work.

The time of organizational and technical maintenance of the workplace is spent on techniques and actions related to maintaining the workplace in a normal state, caring for equipment, adjusting instruments, tools, checking the quality of their work, and eliminating minor technical problems.

The time of casual, unproductive work is the time spent by veterinary workers on work not related to the performance of the production task, i.e. not covered by their official duties.

2.2. The break time is subdivided into the time of regulated (normalized) breaks, i.e. expedient, included in the norms of labor costs, and the time of unregulated (non-standardized) breaks.

The time of regulated breaks in work is connected with the personal needs and rest of the performers, with the technology and organization of work.

Rest breaks are the time used by performers to maintain normal performance throughout the working day.

The time of breaks due to production technology and the organization of the work process (organizational and technological breaks) includes the time of forced waiting by veterinary workers for the beginning, continuation and completion of work, during which the worker cannot be engaged in other types of work (short-term waiting for the result of the reaction, control operation of the equipment during the execution of work, etc.).

Unscheduled breaks include downtime due to untimely issuance of tasks, inconsistency in the actions of veterinary specialists and heads of production units, irrational placement of veterinary workers at certain stages of the workflow, untimely supply necessary materials, tools for trouble-free operation. Unscheduled breaks can also depend on the performers and are often associated with violations of labor discipline.

All unscheduled breaks are classified as non-standardized time, although they are recorded in the actual balance of working time during photochronometric observations.

The amount of time spent on preparatory and final, operational work, organizational and technical maintenance of the workplace, as well as time for rest, personal needs of the performer and breaks due to technology and organization of work, constitute normalized time.

3. METHODS OF REGULATION OF LABOR

3.1. To carry out work on labor rationing, state veterinary institutions and veterinary services of enterprises with a well-established work technology are selected, if possible, with equal organizational and technical conditions, with the best organization labor of employees performing work in a timely manner according to approved methods.

3.3. With the total rationing method, the labor process is not divided into constituent elements. Time norms are established experimentally and statistically for veterinary work as a whole according to average labor costs or on the basis of the experience of raters. With such rationing, it is impossible to establish the causes of low or high labor productivity, to identify reserves for its increase based on the optimization of the labor process. This method is used when rationing the cost of working time for rarely performed work (development of plans for veterinary measures, reporting, business trips, etc.).

3.4. The main method of rationing is analytical, which involves the decomposition of labor processes into component parts (elements of work) followed by a detailed study of the cost of working time for each element of work. The organization of element-by-element rationing consists of the following elements:

the study of production conditions and the labor process itself: methods and techniques for performing work, the cost of working time for each element of work, the actual production and its dependence on different conditions work (norm-forming factors);

analysis of the results of photochronometric and timing observations in order to identify opportunities for reducing working time for the implementation of individual elements of the labor process;

designing a rational construction of labor processes and calculating a scientifically based labor standard;

rationalization of the labor process, which includes the choice of the most effective forms of division and cooperation of labor, the expedient organization of labor at workplaces, their uninterrupted supply of instruments and materials, the use of advanced techniques, etc.;

development of organizational and technical measures to ensure the introduction of progressive standards into the practice of veterinary institutions and services.

3.5. The analytical method of normalization has two varieties: analytical-experimental and analytical-calculative. The first involves conducting chronometric and other observations under typical conditions to determine the norms of labor costs, the second - the definition of labor standards using pre-prepared standards for the elements of the labor process.

3.6. When determining the time spent on performing work by type, photo timing, photos of the working day and timing are used.

3.7. The photo of the working day of the performers is carried out in order to study the actual workload of veterinary workers during the working day, develop measures to improve the organization of work and eliminate the loss of working time.

The main tasks of working day photography are:

determination of the composition of the costs of working time, labor intensity and employment of employees during working hours;

rationing the time of preparatory-final and other types of work, regulated and unregulated breaks, as well as determining the unit time spent on the performance of work not provided for by the official duties of employees;

identifying the causes and measuring the loss of working time.

A photograph of the working day of a veterinarian, veterinary paramedic, laboratory assistant, veterinary orderly is carried out several days in a row in any month of the year and continues for a period during which the entire cycle of work is performed.

During the period of photographing the working day, the observer must record the current time and the names of sequentially performed works and operations. At the same time, a separate entry is made for each new type of work performed by the observed.

Each entry in the observation list must be formulated in such a way that it is clear what kind of work and operation was performed by the observed, the scene of action, the tools used, the amount of material, animals.

3.8. Chronometric observations are carried out to determine the time spent on performing veterinary work by their types and elements.

In the process of timing, the scope of duties and the specific weight of the participation of the relevant category of performers in this type of work are specified. Timing is carried out in the presence of the required number of specialists, support staff, the provision of performers with reagents, tools in accordance with the standards, subject to the performance of work at a pace designed for the average level of qualification of workers.

Timekeeping observations by types and elements of work are carried out in the following stages:

Selection of qualified performers with at least three years of experience in their specialty and at least a year in this position;

The division of the timed type of work into its constituent elements;

Monitoring the work of the performer and fixing the time spent on each element of the work;

Processing of the results of chronometric observations.

Timing of certain types and elements of work is carried out within one or several days, depending on their organization and technology. Accounting for the costs of working time by types and elements of work is carried out in at least three repetitions, followed by the calculation of their arithmetic mean values.

When performing some elements of the work that do not require the constant presence of the performer, the time is taken into account partially, since other types of work are also performed in parallel.

3.9. Photochronometry is a combined type of observation, which is a combination of photography of the working day and timing of individual types of work.

Photochronometric and timing data are recorded in the observation lists, which contain information about the performers (last name, first name, patronymic, position, work experience in the specialty and positions in this institution).

Sheet of chronometric observation of the labor process

veterinary specialist

Type of work performed: _____________________________________________________ Date of observation: ____________________________________________________________ Start of observation: ______________ End of observation: __________________________ Address of the veterinary institution: ______________________________________________ Veterinary Specialist: __________________________________________________________ Assistants: _________________________________________________________________ (in the presence of) Kind of animal: ______________________________________________________________ Age: _____________________________________________________________________ Note: _________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Fixing points, min		The duration of the labor reception, min	Types of employment
	the ending

3.10. In the process of performing a particular work, unscheduled breaks may occur for reasons beyond the control of the performers. Therefore, the duration of such breaks should not be included in the time spent on the work during which they occurred.

4. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS

STATE BUDGETARY INSTITUTIONS SERVING

FARM ANIMALS

4.1. Organization of work of veterinary specialists of state budgetary veterinary institutions (organizations) (hereinafter referred to as veterinary institutions) serving farm animals.

4.1.1. Veterinary specialists of veterinary institutions carry out preventive and forced anti-epizootic, veterinary-sanitary and therapeutic measures on farms of enterprises of various forms of ownership, peasant (farmer) and personal subsidiary farms of citizens in accordance with the requirements of federal legislation in the field of veterinary medicine.

4.1.2. Veterinary specialists of veterinary institutions carry out mandatory veterinary activities in accordance with the state task.

4.1.3. In addition to the state task, veterinary institutions provide public services to consumers of veterinary services and carry out other veterinary activities on the basis of contracts for a fee.

4.1.4. Veterinary specialists of veterinary institutions in municipalities of rural areas and cities plan and carry out veterinary services for livestock farms, animals of peasant (farm) and personal subsidiary plots of citizens located in their area of ​​activity. The organization of the work of specialists complies with the provisions.

4.2. The work performed by the heads of veterinary institutions includes:

Selection and placement of personnel of veterinary workers, organization of jobs, preparation of job descriptions;

Organization, control and coordination of the activities of subordinate veterinary workers;

Conclusion of contracts, agreements, contracts;

Drawing up business papers;

Preparation of veterinary reports and their submission to higher institutions, governing bodies;

Organization of paid veterinary services;

Drawing up and monitoring the implementation of the plan of financial and economic activities;

Control of accounting and use of material resources;

Work with letters, applications and complaints of legal entities and individuals;

Training.

4.3. The work performed by veterinarians of veterinary institutions serving farm animals includes:

Preparation, registration and issuance of veterinary accompanying documents;

Registration of passports, chipping (identification) of animals, entering data about the animal and the owner into a single database;

Implementation of anti-epizootic measures (allergic tests, vaccinations, deworming and other treatments);

Epizootological survey of farms;

Monitoring the fulfillment by the owners of animals of the appointments of veterinary specialists;

Visits to the owners of animals for the implementation of planned and forced veterinary measures;

Autopsy of animal corpses, making pathoanatomical diagnoses, taking pathological material, referral to the laboratory, execution of protocols (acts) of autopsy;

Drawing up contracts for veterinary services for animals and performing veterinary work;

Drawing up veterinary reports, veterinary accompanying documents, maintaining other veterinary office work on paper and electronic media;

Accounting and safety of forms of documents of strict accountability;

Registration of animals for veterinary care;

Control of the veterinary and sanitary condition of livestock farms, complexes, poultry farms, storage facilities and other facilities;

Participation in seminars, congresses, meetings and other events;

Implementation of educational work among the population, owners of animals on veterinary issues;

Training.

4.4. The work performed by veterinary paramedics of veterinary institutions serving farm animals includes:

Collection of biological materials from animals for laboratory research;

Maintenance of animals in a hospital, isolation ward of a veterinary institution or farm;

Preparation and implementation of veterinary measures (vaccination, deworming, disinfection, deratization, disinfestation, disinfestation, other treatments, the introduction of drugs, performing surgical procedures, simple surgical operations, providing obstetric and gynecological care, euthanasia of animals according to indications);

Assistance to the veterinarian in accounting for the material resources of the institution;

Participation in collective meetings of the veterinary institution;

Training.

5. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY

SPECIALISTS OF PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES SERVING

FARM ANIMALS

5.1. Organization of work of veterinary specialists manufacturing enterprises agro-industrial complex (hereinafter referred to as manufacturing enterprises), serving farm animals.

5.1.1. Veterinary specialists of production enterprises carry out preventive and forced anti-epizootic, veterinary-sanitary and therapeutic measures on farms of enterprises of various forms of ownership and farms in accordance with the requirements of federal legislation in the field of veterinary medicine.

5.1.2. Veterinary specialists of manufacturing enterprises are employees. Their work schedule is approved by the heads of enterprises in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

5.2. The work performed by the heads of veterinary services of production enterprises includes:

Selection and placement of personnel of veterinary workers, organization of jobs, preparation of job descriptions for employees;

Control and coordination of the activities of subordinate veterinary workers;

Conducting meetings, planning meetings;

Drawing up prospective, current and operational plans for veterinary activities;

Organization of work of employees of veterinary services;

Drawing up applications for veterinary drugs, consumables, tools, equipment;

Drawing up veterinary reports and submitting them to veterinary institutions of rural municipal districts (cities);

Organization of treatment and preventive measures;

Organization of measures for the prevention and elimination of infectious and parasitic animal diseases;

Notification of veterinary institutions of districts (cities) on cases of detection of infectious and parasitic diseases;

Training.

5.3. The work performed by veterinarians of production enterprises serving farm animals includes:

Reception of animals (clinical examination, prescription of treatment);

Re-admission of animals, adjustment of treatment;

Consultation of personnel serving animals on veterinary issues;

Taking biomaterial for laboratory research (blood, scrapings, secretions, etc.);

Diagnostic studies (ultrasound, radiography, endoscopy, electrocardiography, ophthalmoscopy, gynecological and andrological examinations, etc.);

Treatment of animals suffering from internal non-contagious, obstetric-gynecological, surgical, infectious and parasitic diseases;

Implementation of local, general, combined anesthesia;

Implementation of anti-epizootic measures (allergic research, sampling of biological materials for laboratory research, vaccination, deworming and other treatments);

Epizootic survey of enterprises;

Control over the fulfillment by personnel serving animals of the appointments of veterinary specialists;

Autopsy of animal corpses, making pathoanatomical diagnoses, taking pathological material, referral to the laboratory, registration of protocols for autopsy of corpses;

Obstetric and gynecological care for normal and pathological childbirth;

Organization of the implementation of plans for veterinary measures;

Drawing up veterinary reports, maintaining other veterinary records on paper and electronic media;

Accounting for material resources used in the treatment of animals, carrying out preventive treatments for animals;

Control of the sanitary condition of enterprises;

Managing the activities of subordinate employees;

Implementation of educational work on veterinary issues;

Training.

5.4. The work performed by veterinary paramedics of production enterprises serving farm animals includes:

Reception of sick animals under the guidance of a veterinarian;

Performing preventive, therapeutic and surgical procedures as prescribed by a veterinarian;

Collection of animal biological materials for laboratory research;

Preparation of animals for diagnostic, therapeutic, surgical and other procedures;

Maintenance of animals in a hospital, insulator of the economy;

Preparation and implementation of veterinary measures (vaccination, deworming, disinfection, deratization, disinsection, disinfestation, treatment, administration of drugs, surgical manipulations, simple surgical operations, obstetric and gynecological care, euthanasia of animals according to indications);

Preparation of the animal for surgery, assistance to the veterinarian during surgical procedures and operations;

Assistance to the veterinarian in maintaining veterinary records on paper and electronic media;

Preparation of the workplace, maintaining it in proper sanitary condition during the work shift;

Assistance to the veterinarian in accounting for the material resources of the veterinary service of the enterprise;

Participation in collective meetings of the enterprise;

Training.

6. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS,

PERFORMING STATE VETERINARY SUPERVISION

6.1. Organization of work of veterinary specialists exercising state veterinary supervision (hereinafter referred to as veterinary inspectors).

6.1.1. Veterinary inspectors organize and conduct state veterinary supervision over compliance by enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation, including veterinary rules in the production, processing, storage and sale of raw materials and products of animal and vegetable origin.

6.1.2. Veterinary inspectors control the provision of food, feed, technical products and raw materials of animal origin, safe in veterinary and sanitary terms, carrying out activities aimed at the diagnosis, prevention and elimination of contagious and other animal diseases; promoting veterinary knowledge.

6.1.3. State veterinary supervision is carried out on a scheduled and unscheduled basis through documentary and on-site inspections. The organization of work of veterinary specialists of state veterinary inspections complies with the provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

6.2. The work performed by the heads of state veterinary inspections of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as inspections), territorial departments of the Rosselkhoznadzor include:

Selection and placement of personnel of veterinary inspectors, organization of their jobs;

Organization of work, management and control of the activities of veterinary inspectors of inspections, territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor;

State veterinary supervision over compliance by all state bodies and public associations, organizations and institutions, enterprises and other economic entities, regardless of their subordination and form of ownership, officials and individual citizens with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation and its subjects in the field of veterinary medicine;

Control of conditions of storage and use of biological and other veterinary drugs;

Analysis and control of the activities of veterinary services of production enterprises serving farm animals, making proposals for improving their work, improving the organizational structure, selection and placement of personnel;

Implementation of state control in the sphere of circulation medicines, monitoring the safety of medicines, analysis of activities on issues of state control in the field of circulation of medicines (territorial departments of the Rosselkhoznadzor);

Preparation of draft reports for the management of Rosselkhoznadzor, speeches at meetings, seminars, boards of Rosselkhoznadzor, draft decisions of boards of Rosselkhoznadzor on issues of state control in the field of circulation of medicines (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Organization of inspections of compliance of medicines in circulation with the established mandatory requirements for their quality. Preparation of analytical information on the implementation of state control (supervision) in the field of circulation of medicines. Conducting analysis of results professional activity employees performing the functions of exercising state control (supervision) in the field of circulation of medicines, carrying out activities on licensing the production of medicines and pharmaceutical activities (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Monitoring the execution of orders to eliminate the identified violations of the legislation of the Russian Federation by its subjects in the field of veterinary medicine;

Conducting meetings, planning meetings;

Preparation and approval of annual inspection plans;

Drawing up applications for consumables, equipment, machinery;

Interaction with higher authorities, institutions of Rosselkhoznadzor, Rospotrebnadzor, prosecutor's office, police authorities, other supervisory authorities and executive authorities municipalities districts (cities);

Notification of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of veterinary medicine on cases of detection of infectious and parasitic diseases;

Analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of inspections (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Preparation of proposals to improve the efficiency of inspections (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Work with letters, applications and complaints of legal entities and individuals regarding the controlled objects and activities of veterinary inspectors of inspections (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Ensuring the accounting and safety of forms of documents of strict accountability;

Participation in seminars, meetings and other events;

Training.

6.3. The work performed by veterinary inspectors of inspections (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor) includes:

State veterinary supervision over compliance by all state bodies and public associations, organizations and institutions, enterprises and other economic entities, regardless of their subordination and form of ownership, officials and individual citizens with the requirements of legislation in the field of veterinary medicine of the Russian Federation and its subjects;

Control of conditions of storage and use of biological and other veterinary drugs;

State veterinary supervision over compliance with veterinary (veterinary and sanitary) rules for international (interstate), domestic transportation (transportation) of animals, other controlled goods by all modes of transport, as well as postal items and hand luggage;

Analysis and control of the activities of veterinary services of production enterprises serving farm animals, making proposals for improving their work, improving their organizational structure, selection and placement of personnel;

Monitoring compliance by public authorities, local governments, legal entities, individual entrepreneurs and citizens in the course of their activities with the Uniform veterinary (veterinary and sanitary) requirements for goods subject to veterinary control (supervision), approved by the relevant decisions of the Customs Union, international treaties of the Russian federation, technical regulations Customs Union;

Implementation of veterinary-sanitary and anti-epizootic measures aimed at preventing and eliminating diseases common to humans and animals, animal diseases with contagious and non-contagious diseases, protecting the territory of the Russian Federation from the introduction of contagious animal diseases from foreign countries;

Exercising control over the completeness and quality of the exercise by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the delegated powers with the right to conduct inspections, issue, in accordance with the established procedure, mandatory instructions for execution: on the elimination of identified violations and bringing to account, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, officials of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising transferred powers (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Carrying out checks of compliance of medicines in circulation with the established mandatory requirements for their quality. Presentation of analytical information on the implementation of state control (supervision) in the field of circulation of medicines, as well as the implementation of activities related to licensing the production of medicines and pharmaceutical activities (territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor);

Registration of veterinary accompanying documents;

Registration of permits for import, export and transit through the relevant territories of goods controlled by the state veterinary supervision;

Monitoring the execution of orders to eliminate the identified violations of the legislation in the field of veterinary medicine of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities;

Participation in meetings, planning meetings, seminars and other events;

Submission of the necessary information to the Rosselkhoznadzor, to regional and local government bodies;

Work with letters, statements and complaints of legal entities and individuals in relation to controlled objects;

Conducting veterinary office work, including filling out registers, issuing orders for control and supervision measures, acts of inspections, orders to eliminate identified violations, protocols for bringing to administrative responsibility, acts of sampling (samples), reports on the work done, etc. d.;

Ensuring the accounting and safety of forms of documents of strict accountability;

Carrying out educational work among officials of controlled objects, owners of animals on issues of state veterinary supervision;

Training.

7. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS,

SERVING SMALL PETS

7.1. Organization of work of veterinarians serving small animals.

7.1.1. Veterinary work in veterinary institutions and private veterinary clinics when servicing small domestic animals is carried out in accordance with the schedules of veterinary work and market demand for work (services).

7.1.2. Responsibility for the timing and quality of veterinary work carried out by veterinarians (paramedics).

7.1.3. Diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures for diseases of small domestic animals are carried out on an individual basis.

7.1.4. Laboratory research of biomaterials of small domestic animals is carried out in accredited veterinary laboratories, medical institutions and private veterinary clinics.

7.1.5. The staff of private veterinary clinics and veterinary treatment and prophylactic institutions in cities may include therapists, surgeons, ophthalmologists, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, specialists in X-ray diagnostics, ultrasound diagnostics, dermatologists, dentists, zoopsychologists, etc.

7.2. The work performed by veterinarians when servicing small pets includes:

Acceptance of sick animals;

Re-admission of animals;

Consultation of pet owners;

Departure to sick animals at their place of detention;

Diagnostic studies (ultrasound, radiography, endoscopy, electrocardiography, fluorescent examination, otoscopy, ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, punctures of the chest, abdominal cavities, stomach, bladder for diagnostic purposes, etc.);

Laboratory study of animal biomaterials (general blood, urine, feces; biochemical analysis of blood, feces; helminthocoprological studies; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for infectious and parasitic animal diseases, hormone levels; express methods for diagnosing animal diseases, etc.);

Implementation of preventive anti-epizootic measures and control over their implementation;

Treatment of animals suffering from infectious, invasive, non-contagious, surgical, obstetric and gynecological diseases;

Preoperative examination of the animal, the implementation of premedication, the introduction of anesthesia, monitoring of vital body functions, maintaining the animal in a state of anesthesia during surgical operations, withdrawal from anesthesia;

Implementation of local anesthesia;

Performing surgical manipulations, performing surgical and cosmetic operations;

Observation of an animal under inpatient treatment, in an isolation ward, postoperative box;

Extract of test results, results of diagnostic tests, accompanying documents, referrals for diagnostic tests, certificates, etc.;

Managing the work of subordinate employees;

Development of plans for anti-epizootic and veterinary and sanitary measures;

Drafting contracts for veterinary services;

Maintenance of veterinary records on paper and electronic media, preparation of veterinary reports;

Registration of orders for the purchase of materials for veterinary purposes and their accounting;

Control over the fulfillment by the owners of animals of the appointments of veterinary specialists;

Maintaining the workplace in a proper sanitary condition;

Training.

7.3. The work performed by veterinary paramedics when servicing small pets includes:

Reception of sick animals under the guidance of a veterinarian;

Consultation of animal owners on feeding, maintenance, implementation of preventive vaccinations and procedures;

Preparation of the workplace, tools and equipment for the reception and treatment of the animal;

Collection of animal biological materials for appropriate laboratory tests;

Preparation of the animal for diagnostic, therapeutic, surgical and other procedures;

Performing preventive, anti-epizootic, therapeutic, surgical procedures as prescribed by a veterinarian;

Servicing animals that are hospitalized or quarantined in a separate isolation room;

Registration of veterinary documents under the guidance of a veterinarian;

Assistance to the veterinarian in maintaining veterinary records on paper and electronic media;

Implementation of control over the sanitary condition of the premises of the veterinary institution;

Assistance to the veterinarian in accounting and ordering medicines, biomaterials, consumables, etc.;

Participation in meetings held in a veterinary institution;

Training.

8. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS,

SERVICE PROCESSING ENTERPRISES

8.1. Organization of work of veterinary specialists serving processing enterprises.

8.1.1. At present, at the enterprises of the processing industry, in accordance with the current legislation, veterinary services are provided by veterinary specialists of veterinary institutions (subdivisions of the state veterinary service at enterprises for the storage (sale) and processing of products and raw materials of animal origin). Technical control departments, physico-chemical and microbiological laboratories carry out quality control of manufactured products at dairy industry enterprises.

8.1.2. The veterinary service of processing enterprises is formed in accordance with the staffing of the enterprise and unites veterinarians - experts, paramedics, laboratory assistants, trichinelloscopists, veterinarians, disinfectors.

8.1.3. Veterinary specialists of processing enterprises carry out their activities according to employment contract in accordance with job descriptions.

8.1.4. The veterinary service of the processing enterprise ensures the release of high-quality and safe products through regular veterinary and sanitary control at all production sites.

8.1.5. The products of processing enterprises should not reach consumers without veterinary and sanitary control.

8.1.6. In their activities, employees of the veterinary service of the enterprise are guided by the law of the Russian Federation "On Veterinary Medicine", technical regulations Customs Union etc.

8.1.7. In modern enterprises of the meat and dairy industry, a separate quality management system is responsible for the safety and quality of products, where an important role is assigned to the veterinary and sanitary service.

8.2. The work performed by veterinarians - experts (included in the staff of the territorial veterinary institution and maintained at the expense of funds received from the provision of paid veterinary services) at processing enterprises includes:

Monitoring the fulfillment by processing enterprises of the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of veterinary medicine;

Regular control of animals and products entering the processing plant;

Control of pre-slaughter keeping of animals;

Implementation of veterinary and sanitary measures at all production sites and assessment of the sanitary well-being of products;

Carrying out veterinary sanitary examination of meat, other slaughter products, ensuring the safety of food, feed, technical products and raw materials of animal origin;

Microbiological control of the sanitary state of production;

Sampling for laboratory research of finished products and raw materials of animal origin in accredited veterinary laboratories;

Monitoring compliance with veterinary and sanitary rules when sending low-quality products for special processing regimes, disinfection, disposal or destruction in accordance with the veterinary and sanitary conclusion;

Checking the quality of cleaning, deboning and trimming of meat, preparation of offal;

Registration of acts on low-quality raw materials and materials received by the enterprise;

Participation in the consideration of claims for the quality of the company's products; participation in establishing the reasons for the release of low-quality products, as well as in the development and implementation of measures to eliminate them;

Monitoring the state and storage conditions of products and raw materials of animal origin in warehouses (refrigerators) of the enterprise;

The control sanitization territory, industrial premises, equipment, transport, inventory, containers and work clothes;

Sampling for disinfection quality control;

Monitoring the correct storage of manufactured and processed products;

Control of modes of production and processing of products;

Preparation, registration and issuance of veterinary accompanying documents;

Management of the work of veterinary paramedics, laboratory assistants, orderlies;

Maintaining veterinary records, compiling veterinary reports based on the results of the work of the veterinary service of the enterprise and submitting them to a veterinary institution;

Informing the veterinary institution about the establishment (detection) of zooanthroponotic and other infectious animal diseases on the territory of the processing enterprise;

Participation in commissions that take into operation newly built workshops or determine the readiness of the enterprise for the season of mass reception and processing of livestock;

Consultation of owners of animals, products of animal origin, employees of the enterprise;

Regular notification of the management of the processing enterprise about the state of veterinary and sanitary control of the enterprise's products;

Registration of requirements for the material and technical support of the veterinary service of the enterprise;

Participation in planning meetings, meetings of the labor collective of the enterprise;

Training.

8.3. The work performed by veterinary paramedics-experts (included in the staff of the territorial veterinary institution and maintained at the expense of funds received from the provision of paid veterinary services) at processing enterprises includes:

Preparation of the workplace for veterinary specialists of the enterprise, tools, equipment, consumables, etc.;

Assistance to expert veterinarians in the implementation of veterinary and sanitary measures at all production sites and in assessing the sanitary well-being of products;

Implementation of sanitization of the territory, industrial premises, equipment, transport, inventory and packaging of the enterprise;

Monitoring the process of processing the company's products;

Monitoring the receipt of incoming products and the correct storage of manufactured and processed products;

Maintaining veterinary records based on the results of veterinary and sanitary examination, microbiological control, etc.;

Training.

8.4. The work performed by laboratory assistants at processing plants includes:

Selection, registration and preparation of samples for laboratory research;

Conducting laboratory studies of selected samples from suspicious products of animal origin;

Extract of the conclusion based on the results of laboratory tests;

Preparation of the workplace for work, laboratory glassware, tools and equipment, maintaining the workplace in a sanitary condition during the shift and cleaning it at the end of the working shift;

Disposal of examined samples, materials, reagents;

Maintaining veterinary records;

Timely notification of the results of the product examination of the head of the product quality department, the management of the enterprise;

Training.

8.5. The work performed by trichenelloscopists at processing plants includes:

Preparing the workplace and the trichinelloscope for work, maintaining the workplace in a sanitary condition during the shift and cleaning it at the end of the working shift;

Registration of incoming samples for trichinoscopy;

Extract of conclusions based on the results of laboratory tests;

Timely informing the chief veterinarian, the management of the enterprise about cases of detection of trichinella in meat and taking urgent measures to neutralize the carcass;

Disposal of the examined samples;

Training.

8.6. The work performed by veterinary orderlies at processing plants includes:

Constant maintenance of cleanliness of the workplace of veterinary specialists;

Preparation and cleaning of the workplace at the end of the shift;

Waste disposal after laboratory examination of the company's products;

Preparation of reagents, consumables, disinfectants for work;

Sterilization of instruments and consumables;

Washing and disinfection of work clothes of veterinary specialists of the enterprise.

9. REGULATION OF WORK OF VETERINARY SPECIALISTS

STATE LABORATORIES OF VETERINARY AND SANITARY

EXPERTISE ON FOOD (AGRICULTURAL)

9.1. Organization of labor of employees of state laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in food markets.

9.1.1. The State Laboratory of Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, regardless of the scope of work and location, is located in isolated premises for the following purposes:

Department of Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of Meat and Fish;

Department of Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of Milk and Dairy Products;

Department of examination of products of plant origin and honey;

Room for radiological research;

Staff room;

Washing room with pantry for small inventory;

Refrigerator (isolated refrigerators compartment) for temporary storage of meat carcasses, meat products (offal) and other products from which samples were taken for laboratory research;

A room for the disinfection of meat and meat products (offal), equipped with digesters, autoclaves or special sterilizers;

Office of the head of the laboratory.

9.1.2. In the observation halls of the laboratory of veterinary and sanitary examination, there should be visual propaganda, posted rules for delivering food products to the market and the procedure for trading them, sampling rates and prices for veterinary and sanitary examination of food products.

9.1.3. The products entering the study are registered in the journals of the established form and the presence and correctness of the veterinary accompanying documents are checked.

9.1.4. In the laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination, a functional, technological and qualification division of labor is provided.

9.2. The work performed by the head of the state laboratory of veterinary and sanitary examination in the food market includes:

Organization of measures to prevent the spread of contagious animal diseases through products of animal and vegetable origin;

Monitoring compliance with federal and regional legislation in the field of veterinary medicine, rules for the veterinary and sanitary examination of meat and other food products;

Consultation of owners of products of animal and vegetable origin;

Managing the work of subordinate veterinary specialists;

Notification of the head of the veterinary service of the district (city) on cases of detection of infectious and parasitic animal diseases;

Drawing up a report in the form of a 5-vet. and providing it to a higher veterinary institution on paper and electronic media;

Drawing up applications for laboratory glassware, tools, equipment, reagents, household equipment for submission to a higher veterinary institution;

Accounting for the collection of funds for paid services, registration in the statement, delivery of money to the cash desk of the institution;

Training.

9.3. The work performed by veterinarians of state laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in food markets includes:

Veterinary and sanitary examination of meat, dairy and other food products;

Veterinary examination, sanitary assessment of meat, milk and other food products;

Sampling for laboratory research;

Carrying out bacteriological, biochemical and other special studies of products of animal and vegetable origin;

Branding of meat;

Issuance of permits for the sale of meat and other food products;

Sampling of samples of meat and other food products for bacteriological, toxicological and other types of research in a veterinary laboratory;

Providing methodological and practical help laboratory assistants in matters of veterinary and sanitary examination of milk, honey, vegetable and other food products;

Prevention of the sale of food products not subjected to veterinary and sanitary examination and recognized as poor quality, as well as livestock and poultry without veterinary accompanying documents;

Confiscation of unsuitable food products with the preparation of acts;

Organization and quality control of disinfection of conditionally suitable products;

Organization of disposal of unsuitable food products, waste samples;

Control of the sanitary condition of trade places, warehouses, refrigerators and the territory of the market;

Prohibition of the use of equipment, inventory, trade and storage of products in places that do not meet sanitary requirements;

Keeping records and registration of incoming products and performed analyzes in journals of the established form, on electronic media;

Study of veterinary certificates, certificates, references;

Quality control of disinfection;

Passing periodic internships in veterinary institutions, educational institutions;

Participation in seminars, meetings, meetings;

Collection of money from owners of animals, products, registration and issuance of receipts, cashier's checks;

Maintaining veterinary records;

Training.

9.4. The work performed by laboratory assistants of state laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination includes:

Conducting veterinary and sanitary examination of milk and dairy products, honey, vegetable and other food products;

Study of veterinary certificates, certificates, references;

Laboratory research of milk and dairy products, honey, vegetable and other products;

Issuance of a permit for the sale of milk and other products;

Keeping records and registration of emerging products and ongoing analyzes in journals or on electronic media;

Market duty: control over the sale of dairy, vegetable and other products;

Cooking special paints, working solutions, laboratory glassware, other means for analysis (testing);

Monitoring the operation of equipment, devices and their adjustment;

Carrying out high-quality cleaning in the market;

Preparation and cleaning of the workplace at the beginning and end of the working day;

Compliance with the instructions of veterinarians-veterinarians;

Disinfection in the laboratory premises;

Training.

10. REGULATION OF WORK OF SPECIALISTS

VETERINARY LABORATORIES

10.1. Features of labor rationing for veterinary laboratory workers:

Compliance with labor standards the same work performed by veterinarians and laboratory assistants under similar production conditions;

Ensuring the optimality of labor costs at the same intensity for all labor processes associated with laboratory research;

Compliance of labor standards of an advanced organization with modern technologies and equipment;

Ensuring the growth of labor productivity based on the use of modern domestic and imported laboratory equipment;

Revision of labor standards as the organizational and technical conditions for performing laboratory tests change;

Strict consideration of norm-forming factors (types of means of labor, qualifications and experience of workers, organization of workplaces, sanitary and hygienic conditions, work and rest regime, volume of diagnostic studies, types of diseases, test material, methods and results of studies);

Drawing up a balance of the annual working time fund depending on the duration of the working week, holidays established by the Government of the Russian Federation and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

Improving the material and technical base of veterinary laboratories, which leads to the expansion of laboratory diagnostics and the emergence of new types of laboratory work;

Regular advanced training of veterinary laboratory workers;

Narrow specialization of the staff of veterinary laboratories: veterinarian - bacteriologist, virologist, toxicologist, etc.;

Maintaining primary veterinary records in laboratory research journals and (or) in special computer programs, drawing up veterinary reports of the form N 4-vet (4-vet A, 4-vet B, 4-vet C, 4-vet G), examinations, extracting the results of analyzes of laboratory tests, etc.

10.2. The work performed by veterinarians of veterinary laboratories includes:

Preparation of equipment for work;

Laboratory study of animal biomaterials (blood, urine, feces, scrapings, mucus, secretions, hair, secrets);

Laboratory research of products of animal and vegetable origin of non-industrial production, sent for laboratory research;

Drawing up plans for diagnostic studies, logistics departments and laboratories;

Laboratory study of pathological material;

Laboratory research of feed, feed additives, etc.;

Analysis of the results of bacteriological, virological, biochemical, toxicological, mycological, serological, radiological, pathomorphological, histological and other studies;

Maintaining the workplace in a proper sanitary condition during the work shift;

Study of accompanying documents and accounting of incoming pathological material, samples of biological materials, etc.;

Visits to agricultural enterprises for examination and sampling of biological (cadaveric) material, sampling (samples), drawing up acts of sampling;

Registration of the conducted studies, execution of conclusions, examinations, answers based on the results of laboratory studies, drawing up protocols for the autopsy of animal corpses;

Advisory assistance to animal owners, representatives of agricultural enterprises, veterinary specialists;

Preparation of veterinary reports and submission to higher executive authorities in the field of veterinary medicine;

Implementation of veterinary educational work;

Accounting for the logistics departments of the laboratory;

Preparation of reports, applications, acts for the write-off of various diagnostic tools and materials, preparation of accompanying documents;

Participation in meetings, seminars, master classes;

Participation in collective meetings held in the veterinary laboratory;

Advanced training.

10.3. Work performed by veterinarians or in collaboration with laboratory assistants includes:

Acceptance of pathological material;

Pathological anatomical examination of corpses and organs of dead animals;

Preparation of pathological material for histological examination;

Preparation of smears;

Sowing on nutrient media and studying cultures of microorganisms;

Growing crops in a thermostat;

Staining of smears and their examination under a microscope;

Preparation of test samples, laboratory glassware, equipment, reagents, antigens, control sera for testing;

View cultures and their selection for the museum;

Neutralization and destruction of materials used in laboratory research;

Preparation, storage of nutrient media, checking their quality;

Implementation of serological surveys;

Bacteriological studies of water, air, feed, semen, meat, fish, milk, eggs, bees, mucus, swabs from dairy equipment, places of food trade, samples when determining the quality of disinfection; counting somatic cells of milk, determining the species of meat, etc.;

Histological studies;

Histochemical studies;

Chemical-toxicological studies of feed, products of animal and vegetable origin;

Object research external environment, feed and food for pesticides;

Determination of the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics;

Research on mycoses, mycotoxicoses;

Hematological studies for leukemia;

Virological research;

Determination of the intensity of immunity in Newcastle disease, classical swine fever, etc.;

Analysis of the amino acid composition of proteins, free amino acids in blood serum, the content of macro- and microelements, vitamins;

Setting up a bioassay on laboratory animals;

Food research;

Radiological and radiochemical studies;

Study of the content of antibiotics;

Investigation of feed for nutritional value, content of vitamins, macro- and microelements.

10.4. The work performed by laboratory assistants in veterinary laboratories includes:

Preparation of the workplace, laboratory glassware and equipment for laboratory research;

Preparation of reagents, reagents, special paints, nutrient media for research;

Primary preparation of samples for research;

Regular care of laboratory animals in vivariums, control of their health;

Work on high pressure equipment;

Utilization of biological waste, materials after laboratory tests;

Preparation of laboratory animals for testing (setting up a bioassay, taking blood, etc.);

Assistance to the veterinarian in conducting laboratory tests (bacteriological, virological, biochemical, toxicological, mycological, serological, radiological, pathomorphological, histological, etc.);

Registration of the results of examinations in special journals or an electronic database;

Registration of the results of the analysis and other documents under the guidance of a veterinarian;

Monitoring the sanitary condition of instruments, equipment, premises of the veterinary laboratory;

Accounting for material resources used in laboratory tests;

Participation in meetings, meetings held by the veterinary laboratory;

Training.

11. BALANCE OF THE ANNUAL FUND OF WORKING TIME

VETERINARY SPECIALISTS

11.1. The balance of the annual working time fund of veterinary specialists is determined taking into account the number of calendar days per year, the number of working days, weekends and holidays, the length of the working day, the number of working hours per week, planned absences from work.

11.2. The balance of the annual fund of working time of veterinary specialists of state institutions of veterinary medicine of the treatment and prophylactic profile.

Indicators	Meaning
Calendar days
Work days
Weekends and holidays
illnesses, etc. (working days)

11.3. The balance of the annual fund of working hours of veterinary specialists of state laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in food markets and specialists exercising state veterinary supervision.

Indicators	Meaning
Calendar days
Work days
Weekends and holidays
Working hours according to the legislation, h
Working hours for a 40-hour work week
Planned absences from work:
next vacation (calendar days)
additional vacation (working days)
illnesses, etc. (working days)
Non-working hours in accordance with planned absenteeism
Annual effective working time fund, h

11.4. Balance of the annual fund of working hours of veterinary specialists of veterinary laboratories.

Indicators	Meaning
Calendar days
Work days
Weekends and holidays
Working hours according to the legislation, h
Working hours in a 36-hour work week
Planned absences from work:
next vacation (calendar days)
additional vacation (calendar days)
illnesses, etc. (working days)
Non-working hours in accordance with planned absenteeism
Annual effective working time fund, h

11.5. Balance of the annual fund of working hours of veterinary specialists of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex.

Indicators	Meaning
Calendar days
Work days
Weekends and holidays
Working hours according to the legislation, h
Working hours for a 40-hour work week
Planned absences from work:
next vacation (calendar days)
illnesses, etc. (working days)
Non-working hours in accordance with planned absenteeism
Annual effective working time fund, h

11.6. Annual norms for the expenditure of working time of employees of veterinary institutions for regulated breaks and other types of work, h.

Types of work and breaks
		paramedics, laboratory assistants	junior staff
1. Veterinary institutions of medical and preventive profile
Preparatory and final work
Other types of work
2. District and inter-district veterinary laboratories
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
3. Regional, regional, republican veterinary laboratories
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
4. Interregional, interregional veterinary laboratories of Rosselkhoznadzor, Central Research and Production Veterinary Radiobiological Laboratory (FGBU) (hereinafter referred to as interregional, interregional veterinary laboratories)
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
5. FSBI TsNMVL (Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory) (hereinafter referred to as the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory)
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
6. Diagnostic rooms of district (city) stations for combating animal diseases
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
7. State laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in food markets
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work
8. Inspections and territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work

11.7. Annual norms for the expenditure of working time of veterinary workers of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex for preparatory and final work, regulated breaks and other types of work, part 1

Types of work and breaks
	veterinarians	veterinarians, laboratory assistants	junior veterinary staff
Preparatory and final work
Breaks for rest and personal needs
Other types of work

11.8. The annual fund of operational working time of veterinary workers in institutions of the State Veterinary Service of the Russian Federation and enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, part 1

Types of work and breaks
		paramedics, laboratory assistants
Veterinary institutions of medical and preventive profile
Veterinary Laboratories:
regional, inter-district
regional, regional, republican
interregional, regional
Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnostic rooms of district (city) stations for combating animal diseases
State laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in food markets
Enterprises of the agro-industrial complex
Inspections and territorial departments of Rosselkhoznadzor

12. CALCULATION OF THE LOAD ON VETERINARY SPECIALISTS

WHEN CARRYING OUT VETERINARY WORKS

12.1. To calculate the load on veterinary specialists during veterinary work, the norms of operational time for the performance of each type of work, the norms of time for preparatory and final work and regulated breaks are established.

12.2. The norms of operational time for the performance of each type of veterinary work are established based on the materials of photochronometric observations and are given in regulatory reference books.

12.3. The time limits for each type of preparatory and final work are established by photographing the working day or photochronometric observations for each category of veterinary workers separately. By adding up the costs of working time for all types of preparatory and final work performed per day, the daily norm of time for these works is established. The annual rate of time for preparatory and final work is calculated by multiplying the average daily rate of time spent by the number of working days in a year.

12.4. The time of regulated breaks (for personal needs and rest of performers) is determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 108), which provides for such breaks of at least 30 minutes per day, which are not included in working hours. The annual time of regulated breaks is determined by multiplying the daily norm by the number of working days.

12.5. The load on veterinary specialists (Nn) is determined by dividing the daily fund of operational time by the norm of time to perform a specific type of work according to the formula

Hn \u003d (Td - Tpz - Totl): Hb,

where Td - duration of the working day, min; Tpz - daily norm of time for preparatory and final work, min; Totl - daily norm of recommended breaks, min; Hb - the norm of time to perform a specific type of veterinary work, min.

12.6. The norm of the number of employees of state veterinary institutions and industrial enterprises is determined by the complexity of performing veterinary work according to the formula

where Ncis. - the norm of the number of employees of the corresponding category for the annual volume of veterinary work; , , , ... - norms of operational time of employees of the relevant categories to perform a unit of volume of veterinary work, min; , , ... - the annual volume of veterinary work by their types in the appropriate units of measurement; Тyear - annual effective working time fund of a veterinary worker, h; Tpz - the annual norm of time for the preparatory and final work of employees of the corresponding category, h; Трп - annual norm of time for regulated breaks, h; Tdr - the annual norm of time for other types of work, h.

12.7. The reserves for increasing labor productivity of employees of state veterinary institutions and manufacturing enterprises by reducing the time to perform other work (), eliminating unscheduled breaks () and the general reserve for increasing labor productivity (Tp total) are determined by the formulas

,

where Tdr is the time for performing other work not included in the official duties, min; Top - time of operational work, min; Tbn - time of unscheduled breaks, min.

12.8. The effectiveness of the use of working time by veterinary workers is estimated by the coefficient of use of the working time fund (Kr) and the level of employment of veterinary workers with operational work (Uzr) according to the formulas

Kp \u003d (Top + Tpz + Trp): Trd;

Uzr \u003d Top: Trd x 100%,

where Top - time of operational work, min; Tpz - time of preparatory and final work, min; Trp - time of regulated breaks, min, Trd - length of the working day, min.

Guidelines for the rationing of working capital in blanks for Arina LLC

Rationing working capital in blanks for Arina LLC is carried out by developing economically sound norms and standards that provide conditions for uninterrupted procurement, organization of the process of underworking, sorting and processing of harvested products, as well as selling them to consumers.

Taking into account the specific conditions of procurement activities, the following nomenclature of normalized working capital is defined: products and raw materials (prepared goods); containers and packaging materials; auxiliary materials; fuel; other excises; cash.

Rationing of working capital is carried out in LLC "Arina" on the basis of plans for economic and financial activities.

As defined above, the working capital ratios for all items, with the exception of other assets, are calculated by multiplying the norms in force for a number of years by the corresponding turnover. For other assets, working capital ratios: are set directly in monetary terms.

Rationing of working capital in Arina LLC is accompanied by the development and implementation of organizational measures to accelerate the turnover of working capital by improving the organization of procurement; reduction of the period of part-time work of purchased products for manufacturing and raw materials; improving the organization of material and technical supply; reducing the consumption of material assets; mechanization of warehouse operations; accelerate the shipment of purchased products; application of progressive forms, calculations and acceleration of turnover documents.

When normalizing working capital in the context of individual elements, it is necessary to proceed from the characteristics of the circulation of specific inventory items and their share in the total standard, therefore, for the main elements and their main components, which occupy the largest share in the total standard of working capital, the method of direct or combined accounts, which ensures maximum accuracy of calculations with minimum labor intensity. Other items of working capital, occupying a small share, are normalized according to the simplified account method, which is simple and sufficient in this case, economic feasibility. In this case, the calculation method is applied taking into account the nature of the circulation of normalized funds. So, for elements whose stocks are subject to sharp fluctuations during the year (fuel, sometimes billets), the calculation of the norm and standard is based on their average minimum balance for the last three years. At the same time, for items whose value is stable during the year (for example, auxiliary materials), it is recommended to calculate the norm and standard on the basis of the average annual balance for the reporting period.

Procurement goods include products and raw materials purchased both for local sale and for industrial consumption (going for processing). When rationing working capital in the goods of blanks, one should proceed from their division into two groups. The first of them includes those purchased throughout the year, the second - purchased and sold only in a certain season. Due to a long break in the procurement and sales of procurement goods classified in the second group, their stocks are absent for several months of the year. No standard is set for such goods, and the entire need for working capital invested in their stocks must be covered by short-term loans.

Therefore, the rate of working capital is calculated only for the first group of goods of blanks, and by the method of direct counting or simplified.

The direct counting method is used by procurement organizations whose turnover is dominated by seasonal goods of blanks, this organization also includes Arina LLC. At the same time, the rate of working capital is calculated for the main types of non-seasonal products and raw materials, which occupy at least 70% of the turnover of this group. It consists of the time: the presence of blank goods in enterprises for their purchase; preparation of goods blanks for sale; their stay in the current warehouse stock. The calculation of the norm is carried out for each of its components. The time spent by procurement goods at Arina LLC for their purchase is calculated only by those procurement organizations that purchase through their own network. If an organization receives certain types of products and raw materials from other organizations and simultaneously purchases them through a network of its own procurement points, then the residence time of the procurement goods is determined as a weighted average.

The above calculation takes into account that for the main types of raw materials taken to determine the norm, purchases are made during the day, then the prepared products are delivered to the warehouse. The duration of stay in the enterprises for their purchase will in this case be no more than one day.

Preparation of products and raw materials for sale includes the time required for labeling, packaging and other operations to bring them to the requirements that meet established standards.

The preparation time for sale (shipment) is calculated for the average shipment lot and depends primarily on the type of purchased raw materials, of course, taking into account the specific working conditions of the organization. For example, scrap of ferrous and non-ferrous metals usually does not require time to prepare for sale, and products such as meat and milk - no more than one day.

The residence time of prepared products in the current warehouse stock is calculated based on the duration of the intervals between their adjacent shipments.

The average interval for shipment of large raw materials to Arina LLC is 23.9 days. After defining constituent parts individual norms for each type of goods of blanks of the first group, the rate of working capital is calculated for their entire totality. The norm of working capital, calculated for the main types of goods of blanks of the first group, applies to all their types not included in the direct calculation. Then this rate is calculated by the weighted average for the entire procurement turnover, including the turnover for the second group of products and raw materials.

The norm obtained in this way (7.5 days) is accepted for this organization as a long-term one and is used for the annual calculation of the norm for procurement goods.

A simplified procedure for calculating the rate of working capital for the goods of blanks for Arina LLC is shown in table 11.

Table 11 shows that the average minimum balance of blanks is 291.2 thousand rubles. Hence, the rate of working capital for the goods of blanks will be equal to 4.7 days.

Containers and packaging materials include items for packaging purchased products and raw materials, as well as products of their processing.

When normalizing working capital in stocks of containers and packaging materials, one should proceed from dividing them into two groups. The first of these includes containers and packaging materials for packaging raw materials purchased and sold throughout the year, the second includes containers and packaging materials for packaging raw materials purchased and sold only during a certain season.

Since containers and packaging materials of the second group are intended for packaging goods of procurement and processing, the stocks of which are not available for several months due to long interruptions in their procurement and processing, the norm of own working capital is not established for them. The entire need of the organization for its own working capital, pledged in containers and packaging materials of the second group, should be formed at the expense of short-term loans.

Therefore, the general norm of working capital for containers and packaging materials is established on the basis of individual norms calculated by the direct counting method for the main types of containers and packaging materials of the first group, constituting at least 10% of the total consumption of this group.

The individual rate of working capital for certain types of containers and packaging materials of the first group consists of time: the current stock of containers; its guarantee (insurance) stock; being under the goods of blanks; for repair and cleaning. The residence time and the current warehouse stock is determined by those types of containers and packaging materials that, in connection with the shipment of the types of raw materials packed in it, leave the economy irrevocably or with subsequent return by buyers based on the duration of the intervals between receipts from buyers (for returnable containers) and suppliers (for new container).

The duration of the intervals is set on the basis of contracts and delivery schedules. In the absence of agreed terms for the delivery of containers, the intervals are determined by one of two methods;

based on the actual number of deliveries;

based on their actual frequency data.

The first method for calculating the average delivery interval is applied in the case of uniform receipt of containers and packaging materials by dividing 360 (the number of days in a year) by the actual number of deliveries per year. For example, cardboard gaskets were received twice during the reporting year. In this case, the average delivery interval will be 180 days (360:2). The second method is used in the case when the packaging and packaging materials arrive various types transport or the same type, in terms of unequal carrying capacity, in connection with which deliveries differ sharply in volume and interval.

Table 12 provides an example of calculating the average delivery interval for cardboard boxes for Arina LLC.

For containers that are exchanged upon delivery to buyers of the goods packed in it, the current warehouse stock is equal to the average interval between the delivery of goods of preparations. The latter is calculated by dividing the number of days in a year by the number of delivery of blank goods for the reporting year, adding the time required for their preparation, transportation, unloading and delivery to customers.

The safety margin in case of possible interruptions in the receipt of containers is determined by analyzing these interruptions that occurred in the reporting year, however, taking into account measures to eliminate them in the future. The time spent by containers and packaging materials under the goods of blanks is calculated by their types, based on the average duration of the turnover of the goods of blanks being packed.

In cases where certain types of containers and packaging materials are used for packaging various kinds raw materials, the time spent by containers under the goods of blanks is calculated as an arithmetic weighted average based on the current stock of certain types of products and raw materials and the volume of their purchases in the reporting year.

Table 13 shows the calculation of the norm of working capital for containers and packaging materials for the blanks of Arina LLC.

The norm obtained as a result of the calculation in this way (58.4 days) is taken as the norm, which is used for the annual calculation of the norm for containers and packaging materials for the header.

For fuel and auxiliary materials, we recommend applying the simplified calculation method based on average actual balances over the last three years. Here, as an example, a simplified procedure for calculating the norm and standard for goods of blanks can be taken.

In this case, the consumption of fuel and auxiliary materials, respectively, is taken as revolutions.

For other normalized assets, the standard is determined based on their average balance in the reporting year and the ratio between the percentage increase or decrease in the actual balances of other normalized assets and the volume of purchases turnover in the reporting year compared to the previous one.

The average balance of other normalized assets is determined by the chronological average for quarterly dates (excluding surplus and unusable material assets). For cash, the working capital ratio is set at the level of the cash limit set by the bank for this organization.

The total need for working capital for the procurement activities of Arina LLC is determined by adding the standards for individual elements of working capital for commercial blanks (tare and container materials, fuel, auxiliary materials, other normalized assets and cash).

The proposed methodology for calculating the norms and standards of working capital makes it possible for Arina LLC to improve the quality of financial planning needs in terms of determining the volume of financial resources in order to successfully operate the procurement industry.

Abstract - The procedure for attestation of workplaces for working conditions and maintaining documentation on their classification and standardization (Abstract)

Miller E.E. Technical regulation of labor in mechanical engineering (Document)

Ivanov V.B., Kovalik A.G. Handbook on labor rationing in road transport (Document)

Antipova O.V. Lectures on personnel management (Document)

Coursework - Evaluation of working conditions at the workplace of a mechanical engineer in the vibration diagnostics laboratory (Coursework)

Abstract - Certification of workplaces for working conditions as an integral part of the process of ensuring labor safety (Abstract)

Rational organization of workplaces (Document)

Pashuto V.P. Organization, regulation and remuneration of labor at the enterprise (Document)

n1.doc

RESOLUTION OF THE MINISTRY OF LABOR AND SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
November 26, 2004 No. 134

NORMS AND REGULATIONS FOR REGULATION OF WORKERS' LABOR
Based on the Regulations on the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated October 31, 2001 No. 1589 "Issues of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus", the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus

DECIDES:

2. The Main Department of Labor and Wages and the Research Institute of Labor of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus shall ensure the publication of this resolution in the Bulletin of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus.

Minister A.P. Morova

APPROVED

Decree of the Ministry of Labor

and social protection of the Republic of Belarus

FOR LABOR RATE OF WORKERS
GENERAL PROVISIONS
In a market economy, the role of labor standards increases as one of the components of the economic mechanism that determines the effectiveness of the organization's activities, increasing the interest of the employer and employees in the rational use of all types of production resources.

The purpose of labor rationing in organizations is to ensure the effective use of its production and labor potential, the competitiveness of products on the basis of targeted work to reduce labor costs as a result of the introduction of scientific achievements and best practices, their timely reflection in the norms.

In the conditions of market relations, work on labor rationing should combine as a solution to current tasks:

• 
  identifying the most effective conditions production, their consolidation in the norms and the development of these norms, as well as the performance of work related to the solution of promising strategic tasks;
• 
  assessment of the achieved value of labor costs at the industry-wide level, identifying the possibility of achieving this level and ways to reduce it;
• 
  checking the economic justification for reducing labor costs as a result of a set of technical and organizational measures.

Legislation gives complete freedom to organizations in matters of labor rationing. In accordance with Art. 87 of the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus, labor standards are established by employers with the participation of trade unions.

In the same time government bodies management began to pay more attention to labor rationing issues, such as:

• 
  development of norms and standards for labor costs that have intersectoral and sectoral application;
• 
  organization of work on tracking and using the achievements of world practice in the field of management of rationing and organization of labor;
• 
  development of unified approaches to optimization of labor standards;
• 
  providing professional training, etc.

Labor standards, which in their economic essence are a measure of labor, perform the following functions:

• 
  rational organization labor and production;
• 
  current and long-term planning;
• 
  assessment of labor efficiency and the basis for stimulating highly productive labor;
• 
  the basis for ensuring the normal intensity and severity of labor;
• 
  a guarantor of the observance of the interests of the employee in terms of the content of the work assigned to him in accordance with the labor standard, the prospects for his professional and qualification growth (career).

Methodological recommendations are intended for use in the development of methodological and regulatory materials for labor rationing of workers in sectors of the economy, as well as work on labor rationing in organizations.

With regard to the conditions of various sectors of the economy when using various forms of organization of labor processes, the above basic principles for establishing norms and standards may differ somewhat.

Distinctive features the establishment of norms and standards should be reflected in industry guidelines.
1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF REGULATION OF LABOR
Improving labor rationing contributes to reducing labor costs and at the same time provides lower unit costs for other types of material resources.

Organizations, on the basis of reducing labor and material costs, can receive additional income by increasing the volume of output with the same technical base and production areas.

In connection with the strengthening of the role of labor standards in reducing the price of products (goods, works, services), expanding their functions in planning, as well as their orientation to the capabilities and needs of the employee, Labor regulation should be based on the following basic principles:

• 
  the maximum possible expansion of the scope of labor rationing, which ensures the measurement and evaluation of the labor contribution of each employee (universality of labor rationing);
• 
  the norms should reflect the necessary labor costs and be the same for the same work performed in similar organizational and technical conditions;
• 
  the validity of labor standards, taking into account both organizational and technical, and economic, psychophysiological and social factors;
• 
  taking into account advanced achievements of science and practice;
• 
  formation of a management system for reducing the labor intensity of products, which allows for a targeted impact on saving labor costs at all stages of the cycle "research - design - production - operation".

Market relations predetermine the wider use of labor standards as the basis for establishing economic standards and other indicators used for planning and organizing production, as an objective criterion for evaluating the work of teams and individual workers.

Severe competition in the field of product marketing requires a real assessment of labor costs at all stages of preparation and release of products, research, technical training, product manufacturing, auxiliary work and management.

This brings to the fore the principle of the universality of labor rationing for all categories of workers - workers, managers, specialists and other employees - mainly by direct rationing methods, which make it possible to determine the labor intensity of work, set the optimal load, increase the efficiency of their work and increase the dependence of its payment on the final results.

Work on labor rationing must be carried out systematically and cover the entire "life cycle" of the norm:

• 
  analysis of existing norms;
• 
  establishment of a new norm (for new products or replacement of the current norm with a new one);
• 
  mastering the norm, again analyzing and carrying out work in promising directions by introducing new technology, advanced technology, organizing production and labor so that labor costs are always reduced and ensure the competitiveness of products.

The validity of labor standards, taking into account all factors, is of particular importance for certain categories of workers (pregnant women, persons of retirement and pre-retirement age, disabled people, adolescents), allowing, with high labor productivity in market conditions, to maintain human performance and health on the basis of reasonable work and rest regimes.

Labor standards should be developed on the basis of organizational and technical conditions (technical equipment of labor, organization of production and labor, composition of the workforce) that are actually available in organizations or can be created by the time the standards are introduced.

In the context of the exacerbation of the problem of sales and competition between producers, marketing requirements will force organizations to take into account the achievements of science and technology and ensure that labor standards comply with at least average progressive conditions, their constant comparison with current standards in organizations that produce similar products.

Based on the analysis, the design of new organizational conditions for the performance of work is carried out: the use of more productive equipment, advanced technology, the introduction of a new rational organization of production and labor by changing the division of labor, using effective methods and methods of work, improving the skills of workers, improving working conditions.

The formation of a management system for reducing the labor intensity of products, which makes it possible to carry out a targeted impact on saving labor costs at all stages of the cycle "research - design - production - operation", should cover all participants in this process, from issuing technical specifications for design to substantiation and setting prices (tariffs). ) for products sold and services rendered.
2. LABOR STANDARDS AND REGULATORY MATERIALS FOR LABOR REGULATION
labor standards determine the amount and structure of labor costs required to perform a particular job, and are the standard against which the actual labor costs are compared. The objectivity of labor standards used in organizations is largely determined by the quality of normative materials for labor rationing, which serve as the basis for calculating labor costs.

Regulatory materials for labor rationing are developed in relation to various options for averaged or typified organizational and technical conditions for performing work at the workplace in specific organizational and technical conditions for performing work.
2.1. Types of labor standards
When rationing the work of workers, the following types of labor standards are applied: norms of time, production, number, service, as well as normalized tasks.

Norm of time- this is the amount of time spent working, established for the performance of a unit of work by one employee or a group of employees of appropriate qualifications in certain organizational and technical conditions.

Production rate- this is the established amount of work (the number of units of production) that an employee or a group of employees of appropriate qualifications is required to perform (manufacture, transport, etc.) per unit of working time in certain organizational and technical conditions.

population rate- this is the established number of employees of a certain professional and qualification composition, necessary to perform specific production functions or scope of work in certain organizational and technical conditions.

Service rate- this is the number of production facilities (pieces of equipment, jobs, etc.) that an employee or a group of employees of appropriate qualifications are required to serve during a unit of working time in certain organizational and technical conditions.

In order to increase the efficiency of the work of time-paid workers, they are assigned normalized tasks based on the above types of labor standards.

Normalized task- this is the established amount of work that an employee or a group of employees perform per shift or in another unit of working time on time-paid work.

Labor standards are set for a separate operation ( operating rate) and an interconnected group of operations, a completed set of works ( enlarged, complex norm). The degree of differentiation of norms is determined by the type of production, the size of the batch of processed parts (products), the characteristics of the products, the forms of organization of production and labor.

Enlarged and comprehensive rules are established for a planning and accounting (accounting) unit of production (works, services), for a finished product, assembly, brigade set, technologically separate operation, volume of agricultural, construction or other work, stage or construction object.

Along with the labor standards established for work, stable according to organizational and technical conditions, apply temporary and one-time norms.

Temporary labor standards are established for the period of development of new products, equipment, technology, organization of production and labor in the absence of norms and regulatory materials for labor rationing. The period of validity of temporary norms is determined by the collective agreement.

One-time labor standards are installed for separate works that are of a single nature (unscheduled, emergency).

The application of one or another type of labor standards depends on the conditions of production, the nature of labor and other factors. The main, most commonly used type of labor standards are time standards, since working time is a universal measure of the amount of labor expended. The costs of working time are taken as the basis for calculating the norms of production, maintenance and number.
2.2. Regulatory materials for labor rationing

Regulatory materials for labor rationing (hereinafter referred to as regulatory materials) are regulated values ​​of labor costs (time) for the performance of elements or work packages, maintenance of a piece of equipment, workplace, team, structural unit, etc., as well as the number of employees required to perform production functions or the amount of work taken as a unit of measurement, depending on the specific organizational and technical conditions and factors of production.

To normative materials relate:

• 
  standards for operating modes of equipment;
• 
  time standards (including microelement);
• 
  norms of regulated breaks;
• 
  population standards;
• 
  service time standards;
• 
  norms of time, production and service, differentiated according to the elements of the labor process and the degree of consolidation of which is lower than the established labor norms.

Standards for operating modes of equipment– regulated values ​​of the parameters of the equipment operation, ensuring its most appropriate use. They are developed both in laboratories and under production conditions, during which the kinematic and dynamic capabilities of the equipment are taken into account.

The standards are developed taking into account the type of production, the type of equipment, the materials being processed, the nature of the processing, the tools used and the characteristics of the products being manufactured.

Time standards- regulated amounts of time spent on individual elements of the labor process, designed to calculate specific labor standards, standardized tasks, develop time standards for more high degree enlargement.

Time standards are developed for the following elements of the labor process: labor movement, labor action, labor reception, a set of techniques, labor operation, as well as types of working time costs: main, auxiliary operational time, workplace maintenance time, preparatory and final time, part-time piece time .

Service time standards- regulated values ​​of time spent on maintenance of a piece of equipment, a workplace and other production units.

Number standards- the regulated number of workers necessary to perform a unit of work volume or its individual function.

In accordance with the division of the labor process into its structural components and types of working time costs, time standards are divided into differentiated and enlarged.

To differentiated include time limits for the implementation of individual labor practices, actions and movements. Differentiated time standards developed for the performance of labor movements and actions are called microelement standards.

Enlarged standards are established for separate techniques for several components of the norm of time or for larger elements of the labor process - complexes of techniques, an operation.

According to the scope of application, normative materials on labor are divided into intersectoral, sectoral and local.

Cross-industry regulatory materials are developed in the manner determined by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, and are used to standardize the work of workers engaged in the performance of work using the same technology in similar production conditions in organizations of various sectors of the economy.

Industry regulatory materials are developed by decision of industry bodies government controlled and are used to standardize the labor of workers engaged in the performance of work specific to a given industry, or in the absence of intersectoral regulatory materials for any type of work.

Local regulations are developed for certain types of work in cases where organizations do not have relevant intersectoral or sectoral regulatory materials, as well as when creating more progressive organizational and technical conditions in the organization compared to those taken into account, when developing existing intersectoral and sectoral regulatory materials for labor rationing.
3. METHODS OF REGULATION OF LABOR
Under normalization method labor is understood a set of techniques for setting labor standards including:

• 
  analysis of the labor process;
• 
  designing a rational organization of labor;
• 
  norm calculation.

Used to standardize labor experimental-statistical (total) and analytical methods. At experimental-statistical (total) methods labor standards are established without dividing the labor process into elements.

Varieties of experimental-statistical (total) methods:

• 
  experimental method based on the use personal experience rater;
• 
  statistical method- on statistical data on the performance of similar work.

Analytical method involves: analysis of a specific labor process, dividing it into elements, designing rational ways and organizational and technical conditions for the performance of work, the calculation of the necessary time spent on the elements of the labor process, the establishment of labor standards.

The analytical method ensures the development of scientifically based norms and standards of labor costs. The analytical method of establishing labor standards has two varieties: analytical-calculative and analytical-research.

Analytical-calculative method provides for the establishment of specific labor standards based on the existing standards for equipment operation modes, technical data and time standards for elements of the labor process. Depending on the degree of differentiation of labor processes, the calculation of norms can be carried out according to microelement, differentiated or enlarged standards.

At analytical research method labor standards are established based on the results of a direct study of the labor costs of workers and the time of using equipment when the labor process is divided into its constituent elements.

Through analysis, a rational order for the implementation of each element of the labor process and a more complete use of equipment power over time are revealed.

The sequence and types of work performed when establishing labor standards by analytical-calculative and analytical-research methods are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

The sequence and types of work performed when establishing labor standards analytical methods

No. p / p	Types of work performed when establishing labor standards	Methods
		analytical and calculation	analytical research
1	Study of technical documentation, regulatory, technical and special literature	+	+
2	The division of the labor process into elements, the establishment of factors affecting the amount of labor costs, and the preliminary design of the labor process	+	+
3	Preliminary study of organizational and technical conditions and methods of performing work in the workplace	+	+
4	Make necessary improvements to the researched workflow	-	+
5	Determining the type and scope of normative observations	-	+
6	Selection of workers for observations in accordance with the requirements established for the performer of this work	-	+
7	Conducting observations and primary processing of the results of standard observations	-	+
8	Determination of sources of obtaining information and its collection to establish labor costs (time) by elements of the labor process	+	-
9	Clarification of the list of factors affecting the amount of labor costs	+	+
10	Designing standard values ​​of labor costs for the elements of the labor process	-	+
11	Establishment of labor standards based on the projected standard values ​​of labor costs and existing standards	+	+
12	Determination of the numerical and professional qualification composition of the executors of the labor process	+	+
13	Checking the draft labor standards in production conditions and adjusting them according to the comments received	+	+
14	Registration of materials and calculations for the establishment of labor standards in the form of an explanatory note	+	+

When choosing a method for establishing labor standards, preference should be given to the analytical calculation method, as the most economical, or a combination of analytical calculation and analytical research methods, which provides for the possibility of normalizing at least part of the labor process according to standards.

According to the degree of differentiation of the labor process, analytical methods are divided into differentiated and enlarged.

Differentiated Methods provide for the division of the labor process into elements (up to labor movements and actions), the study of factors affecting the duration of each element, the design of the composition, sequence and duration of the element of the labor process.

Aggregate Methods suggest the division of the labor process into complexes of methods and operations. The necessary time costs are established, as a rule, on the basis of aggregated standards or previously developed aggregated calculated values, which are the expenditures of working time for operations or types of work performed under certain organizational and technical conditions.

According to the nature of the dependence of labor standards on factors affecting their magnitude, analytical methods are divided into direct and indirect.

Using direct methods labor standards are calculated on the basis of establishing a direct relationship between the value of the norms and the labor intensity of the corresponding work. Usage indirect methods involves the establishment of a norm based on the statistical dependence of its value on factors that indirectly affect the labor intensity of the relevant work. In their content, indirect methods are "borderline" between analytical and summary.
4. COMPOSITION OF LABOR STANDARDS
The norm of time for the manufacture of a unit of production or the performance of a unit of work ( H in) consists of the following categories of working time costs:

H in \u003d t op + t obs + t ex + t pt + t pz,

where t op- operational time, which includes the main ( t about) and auxiliary ( t in) time; t obs- the time of maintenance of the workplace, which includes the time of technical ( t thoset org) workplace; t exc- time for rest and personal needs; t Fri- time of unrecoverable interruptions due to technology and organization of the labor process; t pz- preparatory and final time.

In the case when the norm of time for the manufacture of a unit of production or the performance of a unit of work is established no set-up time, it is called piece time (H vsh).

The norm of time, established taking into account the preparatory-final time, is called piece-calculation (H high school) and is calculated by the formula:

H high school = H vsh +,

where n- number of product units in a batch (series).

The establishment of the norm of piece time for the labor process is carried out by determining the time for each category of costs by analytical methods with their subsequent summation.

If the labor process is performed by several workers, then the time spent by all workers (in man-min) for each category is summed up. At the same time, such categories of costs as the time of maintenance of the workplace, the time of unrecoverable breaks due to technology and organization of the labor process, time for rest and personal needs are determined as a percentage of the operational time.

All components of the norm of time are determined in the same units of measurement.

In this case, the unit time rate is calculated by the formula:

H vsh =
,

where g obs- the time of maintenance of the workplace as a percentage of the operational time, which includes the technical time ( g those) and organizational services ( g org) workplace; g Fri- time of unrecoverable interruptions due to technology and organization of the labor process, as a percentage of the operational time; g exc- time for rest and personal needs as a percentage of operational time.

In cases where maintenance time of the workplace is expressed as a percentage to the main one, the norm of piece time is calculated by the formula:

H vsh =
,

When determining g exc the possibilities of using breaks due to technology and organization of production for rest of workers are taken into account. These breaks, as well as the time of passive observation during the period of computer and hardware time, are used for rest. In this case the set rest time is reduced by the amount of these breaks.

There are cases when there is no need to allocate preparatory and final time, then it is also determined as a percentage of the operational time, and time limit for labor process(H exp =
;

2nd way:

H exp =
,

where T cm- shift working hours; T obs- time of service of the workplace per shift; T exc- time for rest and personal needs per shift; T Fri- time of unrecoverable breaks due to technology and organization of the labor process per shift; T pz- preparatory-final time related to the shift.

Norm of productivity (production) of equipment (machines, aggregates, devices) H on is determined by the formula:

H by \u003d P K pv K n,

where P- hourly design productivity of the equipment during its continuous machine or cyclic operation (determined on the basis of passport data based on the established rational modes operation of the equipment and taking into account its design features); To pv- coefficient of useful time of equipment operation; To n- coefficient taking into account the incomplete use of equipment due to technical reasons that are not dependent on workers and production (load factor of an excavator bucket, fill factor of a mechanism for wrapping curd cheeses, etc.).

Useful operating time coefficient of non-cyclic equipment is determined by the formula:

To pv =
,

where T m- machine time per shift.

When determining T m from shift duration exclude:

• 
  the necessary time for interruptions in the operation of equipment at the beginning and end of the shift, caused by the acceptance and delivery of the shift, inspection, adjustment and maintenance of equipment;
• 
  non-overlapping auxiliary time (starting, stopping equipment and other time costs);
• 
  non-overlapping time for rest and personal needs;
• 
  breaks caused by the established technology and organization of production.

Using the time standards for the elements of the labor process, To pv can be calculated using the formula:

K pv \u003d K 1 K 2,

where To 1 - coefficient expressing the proportion of machine time in the operational time, taking into account interruptions in the operation of equipment caused by the established technology and organization of production; To 2 - coefficient of operational time and technological breaks per shift.

K 1 =
,

K 2 =
,

where t m- machine time per unit of production; t opm- operational time per unit of production; t ptm- breaks in the operation of equipment per unit of production, provided for by the technology and organization of production.

The useful time coefficient of operation of cyclic equipment is determined by the same formulas as for continuous equipment, but instead of T m and t m are substituted into the formulas T c and t c, where T c- time of cyclic work during the shift, t c is the time of one cycle. In this case K 1 = 1, and To pv = To 2 .

If the machine (unit) is serviced by a team of workers, then in addition to calculating the rate of productivity of the machine, equal to the rate of output, is determined brigade size (H):

H =
,

where T zo- the time the workers are busy with the maintenance of the machine, including the time of active observation (man-min).

on the establishment of norms and standards

to standardize the work of workers

In order to improve labor standards, I ORDER:

2. Department of Labor and Social Partnership to ensure the publication of this order in the media, as well as on the website of the Ministry.

3. This order shall enter into force from the date of its signing.

Minister B. Saparbayev

Approved

by order of the Minister of Labor and

social protection of the population

Republic of Kazakhstan

on the establishment of norms and standards for the regulation of the work of workers

1. General Provisions These Guidelines are intended for use in the development of regulatory materials for the establishment of norms and standards for the regulation of the work of workers in organizations.

Regardless of the accepted economic conditions, labor rationing is essentially the only tool with which you can reasonably determine the required number of employees and the number of jobs, plan the use of working time, evaluate the achieved level of labor productivity (efficiency) of employees and the available reserves for its growth, ensure the adequacy of the level remuneration for the quantity and quality of work or functions performed.

The purpose of labor rationing in organizations is to ensure the effective use of its production and labor potential, the competitiveness of products on the basis of targeted work to reduce labor costs as a result of the introduction of scientific achievements and best practices, their timely reflection in the norms. The work on labor rationing solves the following tasks: identifying the most effective production conditions, fixing them in the norms and mastering these norms, and carrying out work related to solving long-term strategic tasks; assessment of the achieved value of labor costs at the industry-wide level, identifying the possibility of achieving this level and ways to reduce it; checking the economic justification for reducing labor costs as a result of a set of technical and organizational measures. Labor standards, which in their economic essence are a measure of labor, perform the following functions: rational organization of labor and production; current and long-term planning; assessment of labor efficiency and the basis for stimulating highly productive labor; the basis for ensuring the normal intensity and severity of labor; a guarantor of the observance of the interests of the employee in terms of the content of the work assigned to him in accordance with the labor standard, the prospects for his professional and qualification growth (career). Work on the organization and improvement of labor rationing in market conditions is carried out by the employer. With the strengthening of the role of labor standards in reducing tariffs (prices, rates of fees) for services (goods, works), due to the need to focus on the capabilities and needs of the employee, labor rationing should be based on the following principles: the maximum possible expansion of the scope of labor rationing, ensuring measurement and evaluation of the labor contribution of each employee (universality of labor rationing); the norms should reflect the necessary labor costs and be the same for the same work performed in similar organizational and technical conditions; the validity of labor standards, taking into account both organizational and technical, and economic, psychophysiological and social factors; taking into account advanced achievements of science and practice; formation of a management system for reducing the labor intensity of products, which allows for a targeted impact on saving labor costs at all stages of the cycle "research - design - production - operation". Work on labor rationing must be carried out systematically and cover the entire "life cycle" of the norm: analysis of existing norms; establishment of a new norm (for new products or replacement of the current norm with a new one); development of the norm, re-analysis and work in promising areas through the introduction of new technology, advanced technology, organization of production and labor.

2. Development of regulatory materials for labor rationing

The development of normative materials for labor rationing is a research work based on the analysis and systematization of source materials, the choice of factors affecting the value of norms, and the use of methods for mathematical processing of normative values, taking into account psychophysiological, socio-economic and other factors.

Regulatory materials are the basis for establishing labor standards in specific organizational and technical conditions, and the quality of labor standards is largely determined by the quality of the regulatory materials on the basis of which they are calculated.

The quality of standard materials depends on many factors, in particular, on the degree of their differentiation, the nature of the objects and means of labor, the range of products, the repeatability of manufacturing the same type of products, the number of factors that affect the amount of labor costs when performing elements of the operation, etc. But, despite certain differences, regulatory materials must meet the following general requirements:

be progressive, i.e. reflect modern level techniques, technologies, organization of production and labor;

when developing standards, take into account as much as possible all factors (technical, organizational, psycho-physiological, social and economic) that affect the amount of labor costs, and also more fully cover various options for organizational and technical conditions for performing work;

meet the required level of accuracy, since the level of accuracy of the labor standards established by them also depends on the accuracy of the standards;

to be convenient for use and to ensure the minimum time spent in setting labor standards.

2.1. Stages of development of regulatory materials

The process of development and verification in production conditions of reasonable regulatory materials consists of the following enlarged stages:

First stage :

establishing a list of works for which regulatory materials will be developed;

study of available methodological and regulatory materials, literature, data on the implementation of existing standards;

selection of equipment passports, characteristics of the tool used, fixtures, materials, blanks and raw materials;

development of terms of reference and working methodology;

preliminary study of organizational and technical conditions and methods of performing work at workplaces;

selection of workplaces for observation and selective carrying out of individual measurements at workplaces;

the establishment of factors affecting the magnitude of labor costs;

preliminary development of layout tables and a collection of regulatory materials.

Second phase:

carrying out chronometric, photochronometric observations, photographs of the working day and other research work;

preprocessing of collected materials.

Third stage:

systematization of initial data based on the materials of normative observations;

clarification of the list of main factors affecting the amount of labor costs;

derivation of empirical formulas of dependencies between the values ​​of influencing factors and the values ​​of labor costs;

clarification of layouts of tables and collection;

carrying out calculations of standard values;

preparation of a draft collection in the 1st edition and an explanatory note to it.

Fourth stage:

preparation of instructive materials on the procedure for approbation of the draft collection in the 1st edition in a production environment;

processing and systematization of testing results;

collection of additional materials.

Fifth stage:

making changes and additions (preparation of the 2nd edition of the collection);

preparation of an explanatory note to the draft collection;

approval of the draft collection in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Technical task

The terms of reference include the following sections:

purpose of the collection being developed. The section defines the goals of the work performed, the scope of the collection (types of work and type of production), the total complexity of the work and the expected result from the use of the collection.

work sequence;

the main source materials that are proposed to be used in the development of the collection;

a list of organizations involved in the development of the collection, the procedure for joint work with them;

a list of organizations on which the collection will be tested.

The main stages of work and the timing of their implementation . The section determines the complexity (cost) of the work by stages, the start and end dates for each stage.

List of submitted materials. The section indicates the materials that are submitted for consideration to the customer for subsequent approval of the collection of standards.

Mandatory of these materials are:

technical task;

draft 1st edition of the normative collection;

a summary of organizations' comments on the draft 1st edition of the normative collection;

draft of the 2nd edition of the collection, finalized taking into account the comments and suggestions based on the results of approbation of the collection in production conditions.

2.3. Working Method