The price is 600 rubles / m2, but they can only start laying from October, because. they are loaded with work and will be released only at the beginning of October. If he agrees to wait, then they are ready to lay the masonry for him before winter. In the end, he agreed and received the masonry. Everyone is happy.

I can imagine what they imposed on him ... for that weather. then the rains pour, then the frost grabs.
Everyone is happy, you say? Oh well

... in some places, some, sometimes - usually large organizations involved in the installation of complex equipment AND EVERYTHING. The fact that at least someone somehow works and produces a good result is already an achievement. In many regions, there is already no one to really work. Moscow is overloaded with builders, and an acquaintance was in Abkhazia - they cannot find electricians there. plumbers, sane finishers - they are stupidly absent. Demographics and failures in vocational training will show developers Kuzkin's mother ..

I mean that the masters with adequate requests that correspond to their professionalism have no need to look for orders. They are simply passed from hand to hand and that's it. And those who stand at the markets and proudly call themselves a "builder", while constantly repeating that he has been working in Moscow for 10 years and built a lot of things, they are aching for what the light is and are waiting for their orders until someone still disagree on their rates.

I know very good craftsmen who are not passed from hand to hand. And at the end of the work, albeit for a small amount, they try to throw it away. no complaints about quality. Moreover, they are trying to throw quite intelligent, educated people who draw their reputation almost with a halo over their heads in a conversation:

About not very professional builders. Excuse me, but where does it come from great amount seasoned professionals? Are they mass-produced somewhere? invest money and organize refresher courses?
... in some places, some, sometimes - usually large organizations involved in the installation of complex equipment AND EVERYTHING. The fact that at least someone somehow works and produces a good result is already an achievement. In many regions, there is already no one to really work. Moscow is overloaded with builders, and an acquaintance was in Abkhazia - they cannot find electricians there. plumbers, sane finishers - they are stupidly absent. Demographics and failures in vocational training will show developers Kuzkin's mother ..

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MINTYAZHSTROY USSR
GLAVSREDURALSTROY
Trust ORGTEHSTROY

ROUTING

PLASTERING IN A BRICK HOUSE
series 1-447s-34

Sverdlovsk 1969

The maps of labor processes were developed on the basis of generalization of the experience of advanced teams of plasterers of the Sverdlovskgrazhdanstroy trust and the conduction of schools of advanced methods plastering works organized by the Orgtekhstroy trust of Glavsreduralstroy in other construction organizations of the Glavka.

LIST OF STANDARD CARDS OF LABOR PROCESSES FOR PLASTERING IN A RESIDENTIAL BRICK HOUSE SERIES 1-447S-34

I. Scope

The technological map for plastering work has been developed in relation to standard project 5-storey brick residential building series 1-447s.

The flow-link method of plastering work adopted by this map helps to improve the quality of work and increase labor productivity. The work is carried out in rhythm: 14 days - entrance. The size of the brigade is 21 people, the brigade works in one shift.

II. Technical and economic indicators

1. Number of apartments - 58, including: 3-room apartments - 20; 2-room apartments - 14; 1-room - 24; staircases - 3.

2. The volume of plaster work for the whole house, m 2 ... .. 11510

3. Labor intensity of plastering work for the whole house, man-days ..... 829.5

4. Labor intensity per 1 m 2 of plaster, man-days ... .. 0.07

5. Output per 1 plasterer per shift, m 2 .…. 13.90

6. Duration of plaster work for the whole house, days (working) ..... 39.5

7. The cost of labor for the whole house, rubles .. ... 3985

8. Average daily wage for 1 worker, rub..... 4.80

III. Organization and technology of the construction process

1. Prior to the plastering of the premises, the following work must be performed:

a) all general construction works (except finishing);

b) mounted, pressure tested and tested systems central heating, water supply and sewerage;

c) laid and checked concealed wiring and wiring of low-voltage lines;

d) ventilation ducts were cleaned, temporary openings were sealed and the premises were cleaned from debris;

e) a plastering station has been installed, mortar pumps, a vibrating screen and other mechanisms have been checked and tested;

f) water supply to the plastering station and each floor is provided by connecting rubber hoses to the risers of the internal water supply.

Premises, buildings must be accepted by the foreman of the plastering team for plastering work from the team that performed the previous work.

2. Plastering work is carried out sequentially, starting from the 5th floor. Having finished work in one entrance, the plasterers move on to the next, and so on.

3. In accordance with the accepted flow-link method, the team of plasterers is divided into 7 links. After working for some time on the performance of any one operation and having mastered this type of work well, the link proceeds to perform other operations. Gradually, each worker of the brigade must master all types of work.

4. Considering that plaster solutions arrive at the site no earlier than 11 a.m., it is necessary to provide a supply of lime mortar for work in the morning hours3-4 m 3, ensuring its acceptance at the end of the working day. If the solution is received only in the second shift, it is necessary to ensure its supply for the work of the brigade for the entire first shift.

5. The brought mortar is enriched by adding appropriate binders: cement, lime paste, gypsum, depending on the type of surface to be plastered and its purpose.

To process the solution, a temporary unit is installed at the site site. The room for this node is assembled from inventory shields; it houses a mortar mixer, an inventory box for receiving a solution with a capacity of 4.5 m 3.

The solution is pumped by a screw pump directly into the loading bucket of the mortar mixer, cement is also added there, depending on the type of surface to be plastered and the quality of the delivered solution. From the mortar mixer, the solution enters the vibrating sieve with cells 5´ 5 mm, and from there into the mortar pump hopper. As the hopper is filled, the minder turns on the mortar pump and the solution is fed to workplace. The same mortar pump delivers the solution for straining through an inclined sieve with cells of 1.0´ 1.0 mm. The filtered solution goes to the coating, and the screening is fed by a mortar pump into the receiving box. Mechanisms (mortar pumps supplying mortar for coating and screening), containers, an inclined sieve are installed in one of the rooms on the ground floor for ease of work in winter. The mortar pumps supplying the solution to the mortar pipelines have been modernized. They are equipped with compensators and auto-regulators, which are proposed by N.P. Shepelenko.

6. The compensator (see drawing K-00-00) is installed on the mortar pump instead of the existing air cap. When the pump piston moves forward, the air in the compensator pipe is compressed, and when the piston moves back, it expands and sends an additional portion of the solution into the mortar pipeline. Due to this, the pulsation is smoothed out, the rubber mortar pipeline does not wear out at the kinks, and most importantly, when the mortar is applied mechanized, the torch is even.

7. Auto-regulator (see drawing A-00-00) serves to increase the reliability of protection of mortar pumps from overloads, regulation of the nozzle torch and its performance. Rubber hoses with a diameter of 51 and 38 mm are used as mortar pipelines. In order to facilitate the work of the worker performing the nozzle, the last 10 m of the mortar conduit are made of hoses with a diameter of 32 mm (for spraying and soil) and a diameter of 25 mm (for covering) and are connected to the main mortar conduit using an adapter. A rod is attached to the end of the hose.

8. The fishing rod is a composite (threaded) pipe with a diameter of 3/4 "with a plug valve; depending on the consistency of the solution, an appropriate auger nozzle is screwed onto the end of the fishing rod.

Nozzles differ only in the volume of the screw chamber and the diameter of the outlet. Each nozzle has a set of nozzles with different outlets.

For work in bathrooms, the middle part of the pipe is thrown away.

9. Grouting of surfaces is done manually, but grouting can be done mechanically; for this purpose, a map for grouting plastered surfaces with a C-943 pneumatic trowel has been developed separately. To operate this machine stairwell two inventory risers for water and compressed air are mounted. Compressed air supplied by compressor 0-38.

10. For units performing work not related to the mechanical application of the solution, the solution is fed at the beginning of the shift into special containers. Cement and gypsum are delivered to the floors in sacks using a lift designed to service teams performing finishing, roofing and other work.

IV. Evaluation of the quality of work

1. The adhesion strength of individual layers of plaster to each other (spray, primer and top layer), as well as to the surface to be plastered, should be checked by light tapping.

2. Cracks, bumps, shells (dutiki), coarsely rough surface, gaps at window sills, platbands, skirting boards, heating appliances and others are not allowed.

V. Organization and methods of work

1. The basis for organizing the process of plastering work provides for dividing it into operations - the division of labor between ranks, that is, the flow-link method of performing work.

2. The units of the brigade are staffed depending on the complexity, labor intensity and duration of the work performed and are included in the stream in a strict technological sequence.

3. Within the links, labor is distributed among individual plasterers in accordance with qualifications.

The composition of the brigade and the distribution of work by links

Notes . 1. Preparatory work(preparation of the surface for plastering, sealing of junctions) are carried out by workers who are not engaged in the main work (in the absence of a work front). After the preparatory work, the plasterers perform the main operations in separate sections - applying spray, soil, coating, plastering slopes, ceilings.

2. Work on plastering the ceiling is carried out by 2 units of 2 people each (see insert).

List of mechanisms, fixtures and tools for a team of plasterers of 21 people.

In the section on the question How many square meters can a plasterer plaster in a day? given by the author Nils Pelkonen the best answer is 20 meters on the floor is about 40 on the walls. the norm for a plasterer is 8-10 meters per working day. it will turn out really from 3 to 5 days depends on the walls. gypsum plaster faster

Answer from Venya-Benya[guru]
If my Ma didn’t sleep now, I would definitely tell you :))

Answer from flush[guru]
Do you imagine the work of a plasterer?
If everything is done in a good way, then 20 square meters can be done in 3-5 days, depending on what ceiling was before work.
And if you do it like a housing office or guest workers, then you can do it for 1 slave. day to cope.
Moreover, if you follow the technology and everything is in order, so that the rodbant does not fall off, you first need to go through the ceiling with a primer (it will take a day for it to dry completely), then after priming with betocontact (another day).
If the ceiling is curved, you need to freeze the beacons in terms of level, it will also take a day for them to dry, then you can already take on the
ceiling plaster. The work of visiting "masters" is expensive, but it's not a fact that everything is done there in good faith.
But the work of a skilled worker costs twice as much, but the work will last as long as you live.

Answer from throw away[guru]
In 2.5 days - I could easily do such a job - with the installation of beacons

Answer from sucker[master]
Normally but state enterprise the plasterer must plaster 8 square meters in 8 hours of work, if on the kolyma it is possible to try and quite realistically plaster 15-20 square meters per day, again, everything depends on what layer of plaster and what to plaster (on the grid, on the shingles, brick, cinder block....)

Answer from Dunno[guru]
an average of 15 sq. m. per day, depending on the walls, you can drive 30 squares.

Answer from Galina Berezina[expert]
You can plaster the entire length of the room, but to a height of not more than 1.5 m2. In order for the lower part to strengthen, the rest of the area is plastered the next day

Answer from Borya Bonev[guru]
norm 9-12 sq. m per shift from the finished solution

Answer from Katya Yurikova[newbie]
20 square meters

Answer from Maxim Khoteev[newbie]
I listen to all this nonsense and am surprised, many people seem to confuse plaster with putty. do you have any idea what it means to plaster 20 squares with beacons placed in a day? you can drive 30 on zalepuhe.

According to the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, from January 1, 1956, for all construction projects, ministries and departments, uniform norms for output and prices (ENiR) were introduced with a single tariff and qualification guide, with a seven-digit tariff scale for construction workers, as well as a single for all construction projects, a scale of piecework-progressive surcharges for overfulfillment of output standards.

The calculation with the workers for the work performed is carried out according to the ENiR.

The value of the norms and prices is determined depending on the nature of the work, the conditions in which it is performed, the complexity, complexity and accuracy of the materials used, machines, tools, etc.

Output standards are established taking into account the socialist attitude to work, the use of rational tools, labor methods and correct use working time.

Norms and prices, as a rule, are given for complex processes. This simplifies the rationing of construction and installation work, drawing up orders for workers, measuring the work performed, and also contributes to the widespread introduction of a piecework wage system at construction sites. In some cases, elemental norms are also given.

Shortcomings in the organization of labor and production cannot serve as a basis for any changes in norms and rates.

The norms take into account the time spent on preparing jobs; receiving tools, fixtures and materials from the warehouse; dressing, additive, tool point, as well as maintenance in good condition fixtures and machines. By virtue of the foregoing, these works are not separately paid, except as specifically provided in the relevant introductory parts and paragraphs of EH and R. The time required for rest of workers during the shift is also included in the norms.

When new machines, fixtures and tools that increase labor productivity, but not provided for in the relevant paragraphs of EH and R, are made available to workers, the use of EH and R is prohibited. In these cases, local reduced time standards and rates should be established, which are put into effect by order of the construction manager.

If innovative workers make various improvements in the organization of their work, the time standards and rates for them must remain unchanged for six months.

The regulations provide normal conditions production of construction and installation works. When doing work in special conditions, not provided for by paragraphs EN and R, by the methods of technical regulation, local standards and prices are developed, which are approved and put into effect by order of the construction manager.

In uniform norms and prices, two indicators are established: time standards (N. time) and prices (Rates). They are given either as a fraction (in the numerator - N. vr., in the denominator - Rasc.) or in two adjacent columns. For mechanized processes usually, instead of the norm of time, the norm of the productivity of the machine is indicated, or both are given.

The time standards are given in man-hours for the meter indicated in the paragraph. Prices are given in rubles and kopecks for the same meter and are calculated by multiplying the time norms by the corresponding estimated hourly rates of pieceworkers.

In addition, in paragraphs EH and R, the calculated composition of links or the category of workers for those types of work that are performed individually or by a group of workers of the same category are given.

The fulfillment of the task by workers of different categories than those indicated in paragraphs EH and R, as well as a change in the composition of links or the performance of link work on an individual basis cannot serve as a basis for any recalculation of rates and prices.

The norms and prices in the text of the paragraphs or in the relevant introductory parts also provide for the transportation of materials within the place of work along horizontal paths (towing, posting, lifting to the scaffold, etc.). When using these standards, it should be borne in mind that 1 m of vertical lifting of materials corresponds to 10 m of their towing along a horizontal path. The transport of materials from warehouses to the construction site should be carried out by transport workers, and not by qualified craftsmen who perform the main work.

The work performed must meet specifications for the production and acceptance of the corresponding type of work. Marriage received through the fault of the workers must be corrected and redone without additional payment.

We note some features of EN and R for plaster and facing works. In EN and R it is provided, for example, that the scaffolding arranged by plasterers must be paid separately. The cost of work in EN and R is indicated for lime, lime-gypsum, gypsum and clay mortars; when working with cement and complex mortars (in cases not specifically specified in EN and R), this cost must be multiplied by 1.2. Normal Thickness high quality plaster(according to lighthouses) - up to 3 cm, improved (as a rule) - up to 2 cm and simple - up to 1.5 cm. and Rass. increase by 15%.

Each paragraph of the uniform norms and prices indicates the scope of work, the composition of the link, the category of each worker, the number of works in square meters or other measures, the cost and time required to complete them. For example, to perform 10 m of improved plaster on the walls (as a rule) it takes 6.2 hours per worker; to perform high-quality plaster on the walls of 10 m 2 (for beacons) it takes 10 hours per worker. Knowing the amount of time required for plastering 10 m 2, it is not difficult to determine the rate of output per hour for one worker. For this, the number of works in meters (in this case, 10 m 2) is divided by the time required to complete 1 m 2 of one or another type of plaster. The production rate for one hour of improved plaster by one worker is 10:6.2=1.62 m 2 .

For a better acquaintance with the norms and prices, each plasterer is obliged to carefully read the collection of EH and R, published in separate brochures, understand it, think through them and organize their work and the work of the link so as not only to fulfill, but also to overfulfill the production task.

Technical regulation. Labor productivity in construction is determined both in physical terms, in the form of output (m 2 of plaster) per unit of time (hour, shift), and in monetary terms as an indicator of output in rubles per employee.

The amount of working time required to produce a unit quality products, is called the norm of time, which is usually expressed in man-hours (man-hours) or man-days (man-days).

The number of products that meet the requirements of SNiP, which a worker must produce per unit of time, is called the production rate. It is determined in terms of person-hours or person-days.

The time norms take into account all the time spent to perform the main work, including the time to receive the task, receive materials, receive and hand over the tool, refuel it, point it, and clean the workplace. The norms also take into account the necessary breaks for rest and for technological reasons.

Norms are set on the basis of numerous observations and average steady achievements of advanced workers. Norms of time (production) do not remain constant. Over time, they are revised in order to reflect in them the results of the progress of engineering and construction technology.

The technical standards established for mandatory use by all construction projects nationwide are called unified. Along with the unified all-Union norms in construction, departmental norms are used that are established for work that is performed by only one department. If the work is carried out in specific conditions in the system of any trust and they are not covered by uniform or departmental norms, then local norms are established.

Together with the norms of time, prices for each type of work are also calculated. Based on these rates, the amount of wages for the work performed is determined. " Uniform norms and prices for construction, installation and repair and construction works ”(ENiR) approved by the USSR State Construction Committee and State Committee Council of Ministers of the USSR on labor and wages in agreement with the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions for mandatory use by all organizations.

The ENiR collections contain brief characteristics processes, work instructions for complex construction processes or new types of work, the scope of work with a listing of the main operations, the estimated composition of the links, the norms of time and prices.

In accordance with the principles of socialist society, labor in the USSR is paid according to its quantity, quality and complexity. All works in construction have a category.

Simple work, for which it is enough to have general labor skills and knowledge of safety regulations, belong to the 1st category. Work requiring prior vocational training, belong to the 2nd category, etc. The distribution of work, depending on the degree of their complexity by category, is called billing.

In construction, all work is divided into six categories. The 6th category includes the most complex work, requiring special knowledge and high professional skills, and in some professions these jobs are extremely rare.

On the basis of a six-digit tariff scale, depending on the complexity and responsibility of the work performed, as well as the features of their production technology, workers are billed. The main document for billing works and construction workers is the Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Occupations of Workers Employed in Construction and Repair and Construction Works (TCS) of 1969, which is mandatory for use in all construction and installation and repair and construction organizations.

On the basis of the Tariff and Qualification Handbook, each worker is assigned a tariff category in accordance with his qualifications. The category is assigned by a commission consisting of a chief engineer or site manager, a foreman, a labor engineer or a standard setter, a representative of a trade union organization, and one or two workers.

When establishing a category, a worker must perform at least three types of work indicated in the “Examples of work” section, as well as answer all questions regarding the features of the work of the corresponding category from the “Must Know” section. At the same time, the worker is obliged to comply with the current production standards with the quality of products that meet the requirements of SNiP.

In construction, the following tariff scale with hourly rates depending on the rank: the higher the rank, the higher the rate.

Wage system. For construction workers of all specialties, two forms of remuneration are used: piecework and time.

The piece-rate form of remuneration is subdivided into direct, piece-bonus and piecework.

The direct piece-rate form of wages is characterized by the fact that each unit of quality output produced by the worker(s) is paid at the same piece-rate, regardless of the quantity of output.

Thus, with a straight line piece system wages, the worker's earnings are directly proportional to the volume of work performed and are determined by multiplying the rates by the number of products performed.

A piece-bonus form of remuneration is a system in which workers are given a piecework task with the condition that if this work is completed by the deadline specified in the task (order), then the worker will be paid a bonus that depends on piecework earnings according to the issued along with for each percentage reduction of the standard time and quality of work performed by "excellent" - up to 3%, "good" - up to 2% and "satisfactory" - 0.5%.

The lump-sum form of remuneration consists in the fact that wages are paid for the final result of work, for example, for plastering an apartment as a whole.

The time-based form of remuneration is used in cases where it is impossible to correctly record the work performed or there are no relevant standards for these works. At time payment labor wages to workers are paid at the tariff rate of the category assigned to the worker.

Payment is made for the time actually worked, i.e., by multiplying the number of hours worked by its tariff rate.

The time-bonus form of remuneration differs from the time-based one in that, in addition to payment at the tariff rate for the time worked, workers are rewarded for fulfilling and overfulfilling the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the site they serve. The bonus is paid based on the results of work for the month in the amount of up to 25% of the tariff rate. For the leadership of the brigade, the foreman receives 2% of the total earnings of the entire brigade, excluding bonuses, but not more than 40 rubles. per month, provided that the team must have at least 10 people for general construction and complex work and at least 6 people for special and assembly work.

For pieceworkers and time workers, a premium is paid for commissioning construction projects on time or ahead of schedule. The size of the bonus for workers is approved by the head of the construction and installation department, the capital construction department or the head of the enterprise in agreement with the trade union committee.

The total earnings of a link or brigade are distributed among the workers in proportion to the time actually spent on work by each member of the link, brigade and depending on the time assigned to him. tariff category by earning rate.

Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On measures to improve the quality of housing and civil construction" (1969) to stimulate quality improvement finishing works in construction, it was recognized as necessary to increase the tariffication of finishing work performed in construction and at house-building enterprises by an average of one category.