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Did you know that tea can now be easily grown at home right on your windowsill? Say more, he can play a part houseplant, which has excellent aromatic properties and great taste. But still, many do not know how to grow tea at home, so let's look at this in more detail.

Of course, before planting, you should know that the plant requires some care, but if you manage to grow tea, then it will delight you throughout the whole year.

To grow tea you will need:

• Pot;
• Water;
• Soil (you can take coniferous land, and high-moor peat);
• Drainage;
• Glass;
• Fertilizer (it is desirable to take liquid fertilizer);
• tea seeds

Step by step instructions for growing tea at home

2. Seeds that have sprouted should be planted in the soil to a depth of about 3 cm. Water well and cover with glass. Glass should be cleaned regularly and turned over periodically.

3. You need to keep the soil moist at all times. The bush should be sprayed at least twice a week. It is worth noting that the plant grows best at room temperature on the windowsill.

4. Only after three months you will be able to see the first gatherings, but most often they die. You should not be upset, as the root system will give new fruits after a while.

5. In one year of cultivation, the bush will be more than 30 cm high. If you take care of it properly, then in about a year it will bloom. Flowers will give pleasant aroma, after which small grains will appear, in the form of nuts.

6. In the warm season, the plant can be very long, in which case it will need to be cut. From time to time you need to feed the tea bush, for this, use ordinary fertilizers. It is worth remembering that you need to collect leaves for tea before feeding. If your plant is already 4 years old, then it should be transplanted into larger pots.

7. After about two years, the tea tree will large sizes, so you can freely collect leaves and treat your friends and acquaintances with tea.

The most delicious tea is obtained from the leaves that grow on the top of the bush, so it is worth plucking them from time to time.

People from all over the world are crazy about tea. But such an exotic guest is not able to grow up in every place, and is very picky about temperature regime. But, despite this, many summer residents of our country dream of having such a neat bush on their site.

The best climate for tea

By nature, he needs a very humid and warm climate, such is present on the shores of the oceans, seas, in the tropics and on southern islands Asia. Everyone knows the main producers of this product: China, India, Ceylon and a little less Japan. IN Soviet time tea from the territory of Georgia was very widespread. All those who decided to seriously understand the art of tea right away note that the taste and aroma very much depends on the habitat of the bush. After all, each continent and hemisphere has its own phases of the sun and moon, dry and wet periods, the purity of the air from chemical impurities. And after collection, the technologies for collecting and drying the sheet have a direct impact on the final result. Based on this, major experts say that growing it at home in inappropriate natural conditions impossible.

This does not stop the spread of tea to the apartments of residents of megacities, where it grows as a neat accessory on the windowsill. The goals of the people who bought and grow it in such conditions are very different. Many consider it useful to find a tree in an apartment to clean the air. Others think it's just beautiful decoration interior, others drink their own grown drink.

Self growing tea

When propagating, either pieces of roots or tree seeds are used. The seed method gives the optimal and high-quality result, but the time costs in this case are much higher.

The suitable season for planting is winter. Sowing material, in our case, seeds, must be placed in a container with water for up to three days. If over time some seeds remain on the surface of the water, this means that they will never sprout. Some advise to slightly break the integrity of the outer hard shell of the seed in order to make the task of the sprout easier. Try at your own risk.

The starting point for planting will be a pot of medium-sized soil. Be sure to arrange drainage at the bottom of the pot so that the roots do not rot from residual moisture. Next, the earth falls asleep. The depth of planting seeds should be no more than 4 cm from the surface; several seeds are placed in the pot at once. The main task for initial stage is to maintain a constant level of humidity earthy coma in a pot. Normal room temperature is absolutely sufficient for seed germination. It will take about three months for the seeds to break through to the surface, so be patient. It is almost impossible to save the very first shoots, they quickly die. Their main task is to create in the soil root system, which can then give resistant to external environment shoots. Under no circumstances should watering be stopped.

In the first year of life, the height of the sprouts will be from 20 to 30 centimeters. After a year and a half, the first flowering is already possible. For transplanting, the bush will be ready only for 3 years. Choose capacity big size so that the tree has room to grow. Then you can try to brew the topmost sheets, but it is better to wait and let the plant finally strengthen in unusual conditions.

On hot summer days, the tree will feel great in the open air, which will positively affect its condition. Shoot growth is always chaotic, which spoils the overall appearance plants, but it tolerates pruning quite calmly and this makes it possible to shape the shape of the crown to your taste. Fertilizers for such an exotic guest are excellent fertilizers for home flowers and diluted manure. The main advantage of sprouts is that they are not afraid of any pest, so there will be no problems with soreness.

Planting a tea bush in the ground in the country

This opportunity is present for all the inhabitants of our country, regardless of the climatic zone in which they live. Original Ceylon and others famous varieties, of course, will not grow in such a climate, but there are very worthy alternative plants. According to their preferences, anyone can choose herbs that will serve as an excellent basis for a beneficial collection. Do not forget about Kuril tea, which has excellent properties ornamental plant. Its second name is shrub cinquefoil. The color scheme includes shades of orange, peach, pink and white flowers. And as a useful delicious drink from time immemorial, all the peoples of the north have revered him. Such a choice will allow you to grow the desired drink in the country without any problems, and the result will be delicious and useful collection for the whole family.

All the tea we drink - white, green and black - comes from the same Camellia sinensis plant. It is grown in many countries, from China, the birthplace of tea, to South America. The traditional region of growth is Southeast Asia, but tea is also widely cultivated in India, Japan, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, in a number of regions of Africa, South America, Europe, Central Asia (Turkey) and Transcaucasia (Georgia).

The most ancient tea plants have been found in Southwestern China and neighboring regions of Upper Burma and Vietnam. The conditions here are ideal for the growth and development of the tea plant: all year round hot and humid atmosphere persists - almost like in a greenhouse botanical garden. Under these conditions, the tea bush grows actively throughout the year, continuously sprouting shoots bearing a large number of dense dark green leaves. large leaves. The further north, the smaller the size of the plant, like the tea leaf itself, the less often new leaves appear on the tea bush. Conversely, as you move towards the equator, Camelia Sinensis becomes more like a tree. But in general, tea can grow in a wide geographical area from the tropics to middle lane and even at home, its production in certain latitudes is already becoming economically and gastronomically impractical.

A tea plantation usually consists of rows of bushes 1-1.5 m high. The largest mass of leaves grows on tea up to 50-60 years, although tea trees give an excellent harvest even at 90-100 years. In favorable conditions, tea grows very actively, up to a meter per year. What's happened favorable conditions? This warm summer and autumn (the average daily temperature is not lower than +20 degrees Celsius), but at the same time Cold winter(from -3 to +10 degrees Celsius), long daylight hours, moist but well-drained soil, clean and wet air. Also, one of the key conditions is the height of the plantation above sea level: it is believed that high-quality tea can only be grown at an altitude of 1500 m and above.

Black or green: what's the difference

As we said, all the tea we drink - white, green and black - is made from the same plant. What is the difference? It all depends on the degree of fermentation of tea, or as professionals say, the process of enzymatic oxidation. After harvesting, tea leaves are first laid out on drying frames, where they dry up, gradually getting rid of moisture. Here, the leaves lose up to 30% of their water content and acquire the plasticity necessary for the next stage - twisting. When twisting, the structure of the tea leaf is destroyed, and the cell sap reacts with oxygen. Twisting is carried out in special machines, rollers, where the leaves are pressed down and soaked in their own juice.

In the process of twisting, the integrity of the tea leaf is broken and the released enzymes start the process of oxidation (fermentation). It can be stopped by drying the tea leaf at high temperature in tea dryers. The longer the tea leaf oxidizes, the darker its shade becomes.

If the leaf has been fully fermented, then it becomes black tea. Green tea is not fermented, so it retains green color even when brewed. White tea fermented by 5-7%, but its main difference from green tea is that it is collected from special tea bushes of early vegetation, that is, basically, these are buds and half-blown leaves covered with white pile.

The color of tea also depends on other factors. It is influenced by the location of the plantation, as well as the relief and height of the terrain on which the tea grows: the higher it grows, and the more sun hits the tea bush, the lighter it will be. For example, Darjeeling tea grown in highlands will be much lighter in color than tea grown in lowlands.

Soil directly affects the color. tea grown in African land, rich in copper, has a more pronounced reddish tint.

It is also important to take into account such a criterion as the size of the tea leaf: the smaller the tea leaves in the brew, the larger their damaged surface and the more fully the tea gives the taste and color to the water when brewed. The most active extraction is from dust grains (dust), they give color and some taste even in cold water, so tea bag manufacturers are sometimes accused of using paint - they say, ordinary tea leaves cold water does not stain. But the artificial coloring of tea has nothing to do with it, the laws of chemistry are to blame. For the sake of experiment, you can grind large-leaf tea leaves, pour cold water and make sure that it will color the water in the same way.

The benefits of tea

IN black tea there is almost the entire alphabet of vitamins. The use of black tea stimulates mental work, increases brain activity. The vitamins it contains help fight inflammatory processes, normalize the functioning of the nervous system (vitamin B1), and also strengthen hair, vascular walls (P), (B2), improve vision (provitamin A - carotene) and are necessary for the prevention of allergic reactions (PP - nicotinic acid). There is also vitamin C in tea. In a fresh tea leaf, it is 4 times more than in lemon and orange juice, but some of it is naturally lost during processing. Under the action of boiling water, vitamin C is practically not destroyed, as it is in combination with tannins.

Black tea contains caffeine. Caffeine improves performance of cardio-vascular system, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract. Restrains the aging process of the skin. Also, black tea helps to establish metabolic processes in cells, thereby contributing to the burning excess fat and prevents the absorption of unnecessary carbohydrates. But for this you need to drink tea without sugar, milk and cream.

The first thing you notice about the composition green tea, is its saturation with amino acids. They are represented in the amount of 17 species, among which the most interesting in terms of its effect on nervous system- glutamine. Green tea has a beneficial effect on the nervous system, strengthening it. He is famous big amount vitamins, vitamin C is especially important, which strengthens the immune system, as well as vitamin P, due to which the vessels are strengthened, expanded, which, in turn, helps to eliminate spasms, improve blood circulation and maintain blood pressure fine. It stimulates mental activity, invigorates well, and also regulates blood sugar, reduces hunger, slows down the aging process, prevents the occurrence of cancer by blocking the growth of malignant cells, and helps to accelerate heat transfer, while processing stored fats, which is very useful when losing weight. Calcium, combined with phosphorus and manganese, supports healthy bones and teeth. Also green tea- this is a gentle diuretic that removes only excess fluid, and if you add a little milk to it, you get very effective remedy from edema.

Fresh White tea elite varieties strengthens immune system, heals wounds, is effective in the prevention of diseases of the heart and blood vessels. A large number of antioxidants (there are 2 times more of them in white tea than in green tea) prevents aging and reduces the risk of developing cancer. Thanks to this drink, you can strengthen the immune system. White tea - effective remedy in the prevention of oral diseases, diabetes, it also improves metabolism and contains virtually no caffeine.

The material was prepared with the help of Teekanne experts.