Traffic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo by road. Rules for the transportation of oversized cargo

There are many delivery methods, but motor vehicles are very popular. Quite often you can hear the phrase "transportation oversized cargo". Which product is oversized and what are its features? First of all, oversized cargo is a cargo that is difficult to transport in a standard vehicle. The parameters of such a cargo are: width - 2.55 m; height 4 m; length is 20 m, and there are special requirements for the machine. Delivery is carried out according to separate rules. Oversized items include: industrial equipment and special purpose equipment.

Oversized cargo mainly includes machinery and industrial parts.

Restrictions

All transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by a set of rules on traffic and transportation rules.

Oversized cargo transportation is limited by some factors:

carrying capacity of the vehicle;
bridge dimensions;
moving;
weather.

When transporting goods, the distribution of the total mass of the load on the axles is taken into account. The limiting values of the car should not be violated. Should be respected technical standards supplied by the manufacturer. Despite all the correct distribution during transportation, the employee should constantly monitor its location. This is necessary for security.

The transportation route is adjusted depending on the height of bridges and tunnels

special permission

In order to carry out activities for the transportation of oversized cargo, it is necessary to acquire a special permit, which specifies specific dimensions, delivery conditions, route, etc. This procedure began to operate on the basis of Federal Law No. , bulky and dangerous goods without special permits. The route is coordinated with the authorized state body.

The paper is issued for one or several trips, but cannot exceed more than 10. The route and the cargo transported must match each time. The period of validity of the permit does not exceed 3 months.

The rules that apply to the international transportation of oversized cargo are spelled out in the Federal Law No. 127 of July 24, 1998 “On State Control over International Road Transportation”.

Transportation of oversized items is not possible in organized columns, this can lead to an emergency situation.

The procedure for transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by the following documents of the Russian Federation:

Federal Law No. 127 of July 24, 1998 “On State Control over International Transportation”.
Federal Law No. 259 dated November 8, 2007 "Charter of Motor Transport".
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 72 dated April 15, 2011 "Rules for cargo transportation by road."
SDA approved on 23.10.1993
The norms for issuing special permits, approved by order No. 258 of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2012
Transportation safety standards approved by Order No. 7 dated January 15, 2014 by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.

Permission to transport oversized cargo is issued for no more than 10 trips

The nuances of oversized cargo transportation

Oversized cargo transportation can be allowed if certain features are met:

the load does not interfere with the review;
no decrease in the stability of equipment;
lighting elements of transport, special signs are not covered by transported elements;
the cargo does not pollute the environment around.

Delivery is the responsibility of the driver. If the delivery of oversized cargo does not meet the specified conditions, the driver must immediately take a number of measures aimed at ensuring safety.

When the transported element at the back or front goes beyond the limits of the car by a meter or more, by more than 0.4 m on the side, a sign with the inscription “ Oversized cargo". When cargo transportation is carried out in insufficient visibility or at night, the cargo is endowed with additional lights or reflectors: white color; behind is red.

The special features of the delivery should also include the high-speed mode. On the roadway, the speed of vehicles does not exceed 60 km/h, on the bridge - 15 km/h. During transportation, the driver cannot deviate from the specified route, exceed the established speed limit. He is prohibited from parking outside special places and various manipulations on the side of the road.

If a malfunction of the equipment is detected, the movement must be immediately stopped, as this may create emergency and threat to other members traffic.

Another feature of such cargo transportation is the requirements for the braking system. According to the rules, the brake pedal in the road train is installed on the tractor, and the parking brakes must be on the semi-trailer. In the event of a break in the lines, the equipment should be equipped with a special device for automatic stop. A road train with oversized cargo is equipped with additional recoil devices, and the cab is equipped with additional mirrors for additional rear visibility. It is completely forbidden to drive in ice and when visibility is less than 100 m.

More difficult is the situation when a heavy oversized cargo is transported. This will require enhanced security measures. The first step is to obtain permission, where a specific route of equipment will be registered. If the length of the transport exceeds 30 m, and the width is more than 4 m, then the transportation procedure is much stricter. It is necessary to enlist the escort of traffic police cars, otherwise the company and the driver face a fine.

There are cases when unforeseen situations arise during the movement of motor vehicles and the approved route requires a change, then it is necessary to obtain permission with a changed route in the manner prescribed by law.

Strict requirements are imposed on the equipment of the road train

special signs

Instructions for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo says that cars should be equipped with additional signs:

"Road train";
"Long vehicle";
"oversized cargo".

In addition to the signs on the equipment, it is necessary to install orange or yellow flashing beacons.

Special signs for oversize include flashing beacons on the roof

fines

For violation of the procedure for transporting oversized items, administrative liability is provided. If the parameters of transportation of goods are exceeded by 10 cm or more, then in 2016 the following types of penalties apply:

for the driver of transport: a fine from 1500 to 2000 rubles. or deprivation of a driver's license for up to 4 months;
for individuals: a fine of 10,000-15,000 rubles;
for legal entities: a fine of 250-400 thousand rubles.

The vehicle is subject to arrest.

Oversized cargo transportation is a rather responsible and complex event. The case should be approached with all responsibility so as not to receive a fine or harm someone. Guided by established regulations and adhering to the rules, then all sorts of risks can be minimized.

Section 23 “Carriage of goods” of the Rules of the Road is devoted to the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, and in particular - 23.4, which prescribes the designation of large cargo with special signs. At night, as well as in case of insufficient visibility (read - snowfall, fog, rain) - retroreflectors or lanterns: in front - white, behind - red.

By oversized cargo, traffic rules mean one that protrudes beyond the dimensions of the car in front / behind by more than a meter, or to the side by more than 0.4 meters from the parking lights.

As stated in the SDA, the transportation of oversized cargo (including heavy cargo) is separately regulated by requirements, standards and rules. However, you need to know that the dominant role still belongs to traffic rules. Therefore, if a disputable situation suddenly arises, you can go to court, which, as a rule, makes a decision based precisely on the points of the traffic rules, and not on some departmental rules.

After the new Rules for the carriage of goods by road have come into force, the well-known Instruction continues to operate, prescribing the rules for the transportation of heavy and bulky goods by road by road. Russian Federation, but only to the extent that does not contradict the new Rules. In any case, the loads on each axle must never exceed those permitted by the manufacturer, and the weight of the semi-trailer must also be taken into account, which also cannot exceed the maximum permissible values.

Also, each driver must know that it is possible to transport bulky goods only under conditions when the goods:

does not interfere with the driver's view. And the driver should see both the entire road situation in front and behind with the help of rear-view mirrors;
does not interfere with control, and also does not violate stability vehicle;
does not cover external reflectors for other road users and lighting fixtures, numbers and other identifying marks, and also does not create obstacles for the perception of signals that are given by hand.
does not pollute environment, does not create noise, dust, etc.

There are also traffic features in terms of speed limits. Oversized cargo is prescribed by traffic rules to be transported at a speed of no more than 60 km / h on roads, and 15 km / h when driving on bridges.

In addition, the driver is prohibited from deviating from the prescribed route, agreed with the special authorities.
If any of the conditions stipulated by the traffic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo is violated, the driver must eliminate the violation or stop driving. If this is not done, then a fine or even deprivation of rights will follow, in accordance with Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

For example, for the transportation of heavy or oversized cargo without a special permit (if one is required), as well as in case of deviation from the route specified in the special permit, the driver can either be fined in the amount of 2,000 rubles or lose a driver’s license for up to 6 months and stop the vehicle. Fines for officials and legal entities are much higher - up to 20,000 and even up to 500,000 rubles, respectively.

When transporting goods exceeding the dimensions specified in the special permit by more than 10 cm, the driver may be fined up to 2,000 rubles, or deprived of his license for up to 4 months. An official - to be fined up to 15,000 rubles, a legal entity - up to 400,000 rubles. And also - to detain the HARDWARE.

If the maximum weight or axle load exceeds those specified in the special permit, drivers, officials and legal entities will also face fines, as in the previous situation. But the deprivation of rights and the delay of the vehicle is not provided.

Transportation of goods is a responsible procedure that requires consideration of many factors. Often, in the process of such transportation, it is necessary to transport various oversized items - objects whose dimensions exceed the norms established in the traffic rules. Experienced drivers know that special requirements are imposed on the transit of such goods. This means that they cannot be transported in a conventional car trailer or train carriage.

How to make the transportation of oversized cargo by road as safe as possible? This article will discuss the rules for the delivery of such non-standard objects and the legal norms that regulate the order of transportation. In addition, we will talk about a number of requirements for the driver of this vehicle, as well as his responsibility for exceeding the weight of the load.

Any cargo transported by road must comply with the size that the legislation imposes on it. In this regard, there are a number of restrictions on the delivery of such objects. So, according to the SDA, the cargo must not:

Protrude beyond the length of the vehicle front and rear by more than 1 meter;
Exceed the car in width by more than 2.25 meters;
Have dimensions in height of more than 4 meters.

If the length of the transported object exceeded 1 meter, it is necessary to install a sign of bulky cargo - it represents White square with diagonal red stripes. If the permissible norm is exceeded by more than 2 meters, the cargo cannot be transported without the agreement of the driver with the traffic police. As for the violation of height standards, in this case it is necessary to hang up two “oversize” signs - in front and behind. In the dark, in addition, reflectors should be added to them. This is necessary in order to ensure their visibility to other drivers. Permission for heavier cargo can be obtained both for one trip and within a period of 1 to 3 months.

SDA requirements

Oversized cargo and heavyweights must be transported in accordance with the requirements of traffic rules. Moreover, some features of such transits are regulated by Federal Laws No. 127 and 257. According to these documents, oversized cargo can be delivered only on condition that it:

Securely fastened;
Does not violate the stability of the car;
Does not restrict the driver's view;
Does not interfere with movement;
Does not cover flickers and signs for other drivers;
No noise, no pollution and no harm to the environment.

The transported cargo must be securely stowed and secured so that there is no shift, fall or any other trouble. It should also not interfere with the driver's driving. Thus, transportation of an object blocking its view is allowed only in cases where the vehicle has both side rear-view mirrors. In no case should the transported object create obstacles to other motorists, as well as other obstacles on the road.

If a convoy moves along with the cargo, then several requirements are also imposed on it. At the same time, one of the cars must be empty - it is intended to replace the main vehicle in case of unforeseen circumstances. So, escort drivers must:

Have warning signs;
Keep a safe distance between each other;
Obtain a travel permit and pass a technical inspection.

Driver Responsibilities

Another important point- compliance with the speed limit. Max speed movement of a vehicle with a load on the carriageway should be 60 km/h, and on the bridge - 15 km/h. The driver cannot deviate from the established route. In particular, he is strictly forbidden to drive under adverse conditions. weather conditions, such as ice and poor visibility, and drive along the side of the road.

If a permit is required for the carriage of oversized cargo by road, the driver must issue it immediately. For example, it can be the transportation of large equipment or special equipment. It is better to apply for a pass in advance, since it may take up to 30 working days to receive it at the traffic police. During this time, traffic police officers are required to check the proposed route for obstructions to traffic. You may be denied permission to transit if there is a safer way to transport cargo: railway, air and shipping. If it is possible to disassemble the heavy weight into parts and perform several transportations, you will also be denied a pass.

Responsibility for violation of requirements

The driver of the vehicle is responsible full responsibility for compliance with the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo. In case of non-compliance with them, he must immediately take measures to eliminate them, and if possible, stop the movement of the car. In addition, the owner of the transport must constantly monitor the condition of the cargo in order to avoid falling or damaging it. The object must not harm either the car itself or other road users.

Behind wrong organization deliveries to the driver of the vehicle may be fined. So, when transporting a large-sized object without a special permit, the motorist must pay from 2 to 2.5 thousand rubles, and if the weight of the cargo is exceeded - from 1.5 to 2 thousand rubles. As for the transportation of objects exceeding their size, in this case the driver may face deprivation of rights for a period of 2 to 4 months. In addition to it, officials and legal entities may be held administratively liable.

The rules of the road of the Russian Federation regulate not only the order and principles of the movement of vehicles and pedestrians on the roads of our country, but also what rights they are endowed with in the process of this movement. According to the provisions of the road legislation, drivers have the right to transport in their vehicles.

The latter is divided into oversized and oversized, the transportation of each of which is regulated by the traffic inspectorate in different ways. In today's material, our resource will consider in detail the traffic rules regarding the transportation of oversized items, as well as penalties for non-compliance.

Oversized cargo is bulky or heavy baggage.

In the SDA of the Russian Federation, the concept of "oversized cargo" is interpreted as "oversized or heavy baggage." Regardless of the interpretation of the definitions, they mean that the cargo exceeds the legal norm for a particular mode of transport.

Before sending this or that baggage, it is extremely important to determine this norm specifically for your case, so as not to run into traffic police officers. Today, oversized cargo is considered to be baggage that:

or significantly exceeds the size of the transport carrying it, as a result of which it is able to block part of the roadway and create a potential danger to other road users (oversized cargo);
or exceeds the maximum parameter allowable weight for transportation on the transport transporting it (heavy cargo).
Traffic rules define these concepts quite clearly, but it should be understood that their final interpretation depends on which transport is considered for the transportation of a particular cargo. For example, with regard to the carriage of luggage on trucks, oversized cargo is any cargo that exceeds:

2.5 meters in height;
38 tons by weight;
24 meters long;
2.55 meters wide.

Of course, if transportation is carried out on a small truck, then the calculation is based on its dimensions. But the law for freight traffic It is precisely the above parameters of oversized baggage that are fixed.

Despite the relative subjectivity of the concept of "oversized cargo", the SDA of the Russian Federation states that it is necessary to consider luggage as such on the grounds common to all types of vehicles. More precisely, the following:

the transported cargo protrudes by 40 centimeters or more on the sides of the vehicle and more than 1 meter behind and in front;
the transported cargo exceeds the permissible weight for transportation on this vehicle.
That is, in the presence of the circumstances presented above, the traffic police officer has every right to issue a penalty for the transportation of oversized cargo, but only on the condition that its transportation is carried out in violation of the rules established by law.

Transportation rules

Oversized cargo must be transported according to established rules

As noted earlier, the traffic rules of the Russian Federation indicate not only the concept of "oversized", but also the rules for its transportation. By following these rules, you can avoid getting fines for transporting oversized baggage. General list rules for the transportation of "oversized" has the following form:

On the passenger car you can transport a load not exceeding 2.55 meters in width, 2.5 meters in length and the weight of transportation allowed for this machine. At the same time, oversized cargo must be installed in such a way that it does not block the view of the driver of the vehicle and is visible to other road users.
In addition, a sign must be installed on the car that indicates the transportation of oversized cargo. Its size must be at least "40 by 40 cm", and it must also be reflective.
For other modes of transport, the previously mentioned rules apply, which cannot be violated. In the process of transporting "oversized", for example, on a minibus or a small truck, it is also necessary to install it on a car.

In rare cases, it is permissible to transport oversized cargo that exceeds the normal dimensions established by law. In this case, it is necessary to obtain the appropriate permits, comply with a number of transportation rules and, if necessary, enlist an escort (if the luggage is more than 4 meters wide).

It is impossible to ignore such rules, since there is some administrative responsibility for their non-compliance on the territory of the Russian Federation. It is worth noting that when drawing up the protocol, traffic police officers must take into account the permissible measurement error of “+/- 10 centimeters”.

That is, with the size of the cargo that is transported in a passenger car, 2.58 meters wide and 2.53 meters long, the driver has the right to demand that he be released. In this case, it is worth referring to the corresponding decree of authorized organizations (GOST).

Punishment for violations

For incorrect transportation - a fine!

For transportation of oversized cargo on a vehicle with non-compliance with the rules of this procedure or with a strong excess allowable norms traffic police officers have the right to impose on the driver the appropriate one.

If the rules for the transportation of "oversized" are enshrined in the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, then violations for misdemeanors regarding the transportation of such goods are regulated by the Code of Administrative Offenses (CAO). According to Article 12.21 of the Code, the following types of penalties may be imposed for improper transportation of oversized cargo:

for the driver - either a fine from 1,500 to 2,500 rubles, or deprivation of rights for a period of 2 to 4 months;
for official who allowed this type of transportation in violation - a fine from 15,000 to 20,000 rubles;
for a legal entity, that is, an organization whose driver transported goods in violation of the law - up to 500,000 rubles.

It is worth noting that responsibility is not always imposed, and it is the driver who, as a rule, is punished by officials and legal entities. Despite this, by decision of the judicial authority or in some other situations, all subjects of legal relations who are somehow guilty of improper transportation of "oversized" may suffer.

It is important to understand that the size, severity and other nuances of penalties for such an offense depend on how seriously the rules were violated. The “seriousness” of the violation is determined based on the presence of such circumstances as:

the presence or absence of warning signs and their compliance with standards;
correct placement of cargo and its dimensions;
the speed of the vehicle that transported oversized cargo.

Of course, if the “oversize” was transported without special signs, blocked the driver’s view and was potentially dangerous for other road users, then the punishment could be the most serious. But in the event that the transportation rules were observed, but there was no special sign, the driver is quite entitled to count on a relatively frivolous penalty from the traffic police.

In any case, when transporting oversized cargo on a particular mode of transport, you must comply with traffic rules. It is important to bear in mind that some violations in the process of transporting such baggage can be dangerous not only for the driver who transported it, but also for other road users. Is the health or even the lives of people worth transporting large loads? Definitely not.

In general, the rules for the transportation of "oversized" are quite accessible and clearly formulated in the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, and the penalties for their violation are in the Code of Administrative Offenses. You can get to know them most accurately if you thoroughly study chapter 23 of the traffic rules and article 12.21 of the code, while the main information from these legislative acts was presented in today's article. We hope that the material was useful for you and gave answers to your questions. Good luck on the roads!

What are the penalties for non-compliance with the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo? Look for answers in the video:

Transportation of goods on the territory of the Russian Federation is regulated by Chapter No. 23 of the Rules of the Road. Transportation of oversized objects is additionally regulated by a number of federal laws and orders. Consider how oversized cargo should be transported, traffic rules and vehicle requirements.

REGULATORY DOCUMENTS

As you can see, only a small fraction of the aspects of oversized transportation are covered by the Rules of the Road. The basic regulation of the transportation of oversized cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation is carried out by Federal Law No. 257-FZ. In chapter 5 of article 31 you can find the following points:

transportation of bulky and heavy cargo requires a special permit;
the procedure for obtaining a special permit is established by the government of the Russian Federation;
before transportation, it is necessary to coordinate the route with the owner of the roads;
in case of damage, the amount of compensation is calculated by the owner of the road.

On the basis of the rights specified in the normative act mentioned above, the "Rules for the carriage of goods by road" were drawn up. In this document, you can find instructions regarding the organization of transportation, ensuring the safety of vehicles and containers, if necessary, the conditions of transportation and the provision of vehicles for transportation.

RELATED ORDERS AND DECISIONS

To ensure that you avoid problems when applying for a special permit and directly when transporting oversized cargo, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following orders:

No. 107: is a regulation for state bodies on issuing permits;
No. 258: regulates the rules for issuing permits;
No. 7: establishes rules that ensure safety when transporting oversized items.

Resolutions:

No. 125: the procedure for weight and size control;
No. 934 + No. 12: the procedure for compensating for damage caused to the road;
No. 125: rules for passing weight control;
No. 211: establishes rules for the introduction of a ban on cargo transportation.

Fines and penalties

To get acquainted with the amount of penalties due for violations of the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, read article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. There you will also find out exactly who should be punished for violations. For example, for lack of a special permit, a driver may receive a fine of 2,000 rubles, but, even worse, he may lose his driver's license for up to six months.

WHAT CARGO IS CONSIDERED OUTSIZE

The cargo is considered oversized if its weight and / or size exceeds the value established by the traffic rules of a particular country as acceptable during transportation. According to the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, oversized cargo is considered that:

SDA ON TRANSPORTATION

Paragraph 23.5 of the SDA states that cars transporting such goods must be marked with the sign “Oversized cargo”. Additionally, at night (recall that this is the time from evening twilight to the beginning of twilight in the morning) and in conditions of poor visibility, a reflective element or a white light lamp must be installed in the bow of the car, and a reflective element or a light source of sufficient power in the stern Red. This is quite enough for driving on public roads.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

Transportation of explosive, chemical or other dangerous goods, long objects or heavy loads is regulated by special rules established by the relevant government bodies. Special rules should be followed when driving a vehicle (with or without cargo) if:

heavyweights

Also special permission traffic police is required when transporting heavy goods. Does it matter total weight vehicle and transported object. Specific values in different countries may differ, which must be taken into account when intending to cross the border. The definition of "heavyweight" in the Russian Federation includes:

two-axle vehicles weighing more than 18 tons;
three-axle machines with a mass of more than 25 tons;
four-axle cars weighing more than 32 tons;
road trains with 3 axles and a mass of more than 28 tons;
four-axle road trains, the mass of which is more than 36 tons;
road trains with 5 and a mass of more than 40 tons;
road trains with 6 axles or more, the mass of which is more than 44 tons.

Also, do not forget about the strict requirements for the distribution of the load along the axles. Not only the distance between closely spaced axles is important, but also the standard loads highways. When designing, building and reconstructing roadbed the permissible axial load is laid, for example, 6, 10 or 11.5 tons. That is why transportation can take place not along the shortest route, but with a choice of roads with a suitable load class.

Signs

The sign used to designate oversized cargo:

Sign "Road train-long"
Long vehicle.

When transporting dangerous goods, the vehicle must be marked with a sign:

COVER CAR

Previously, if the length of a vehicle loaded with oversized dimensions was more than 24 m, but less than 30 m, and the width was more than 3.5 m, but less than 4 m, then proper conditions for transportation could be created transport company without the participation of representatives of the traffic police. But since 2014, when transporting heavy and oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a cover vehicle to ensure safety. Requirements for accompanying car:

the presence of a yellow-orange stripe;
the presence of flashing beacons of yellow and orange;
a reflective or light board must be installed, on which there will be an inscription warning about the features of the cargo (for example, “Large length”).

GOING ABROAD AND INTERREGIONAL TRANSPORTATION

If you intend to cross the border, please note that a car without special international permission will be detained.

When passing the route through two or more territorial units of the upper level of the Russian Federation, an inter-regional permit should be obtained. As in the case of an international special permit, you can apply for it through the State Services website. You can fill out an application during a personal visit at the offices of the Road Administration of the Russian Federation or at subsidiaries.

HOW TO GET PERMISSION

Obtaining a permit for the transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by the so-called Order 258. It is in this document that you can find out:

acceptance parameters and conditions for refusal to submit an application;
a full description of the procedure for compiling and submitting an application;
how the document should look and what information should be indicated in it;
subtleties in coordinating the transportation of heavy objects;
deadlines for obtaining permission;
the procedure for issuing a special permit or obtaining a refusal.

TRANSPORT PROHIBITION

Consider the cases in which transportation of oversized cargo is prohibited:

the load interferes with driving;
with a load, the car becomes unstable. To prevent the truck from tipping over, it is imperative to take into account seasonal characteristics and the risk of exposure to heavy winds;
due to the size of the object, the driver's view is limited, as a result of which he cannot adequately assess the traffic situation;
cargo closes lighting, reflectors, identification marks, state license plate;
during transportation, environmental pollution occurs.

TRANSPORT RULES

A car with oversized cargo moving on roads should not accelerate more than 60 km/h. At the same time, bridges should be overcome at a speed of no more than 15 km / h. Particular attention should be paid to the technical condition of the vehicle. The trailer must be equipped not only with a serviceable parking brake, but also with a special device that guarantees the trailer to stop in the event of a rupture of the air lines of the pneumatic brake system coming from the tractor. The load must be securely fastened, the integrity of the fastening must be checked periodically.

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