Scheme of the blacksmith's workplace at the enterprise. Organization and economic evaluation of the rationalization of the workplace of a hand-forged blacksmith in the central technical repair shop. Blacksmith's workplace. Proper organization

Workplace blacksmith. Proper organization

The workplace of a blacksmith is a part of the site of the blacksmith shop, adjacent directly to the forging unit (hammer, press) on which the blacksmith works. Proper organization of the workplace big influence on labor productivity. The achievements of production innovators prove that productive and high-quality work largely depends on a well-equipped workplace and its proper maintenance.
When organizing a workplace, it is necessary to strictly observe the basic rule: the workplace should not have anything superfluous that the blacksmith does not need during work, and, on the other hand, everything that the blacksmith needs for work should be at hand. Equipment, both basic (hammer, furnace) and auxiliary (crane, table, tool rack, etc.). should be located so that the blacksmith does not make unnecessary movements during work.
An example of a correct, well-thought-out organization of the workplace is the workplace at the forging hammer in the team of G. M. Kovalenko at Uralmashzavod. However, one should not think that the location of the equipment is so necessary in all cases. Other layouts can be, and often are, used, depending on the type of equipment and the type of work being done. You just need to remember the basic rule that the blacksmith and members of his team should be comfortable and safe to work.
The workplace should be well lit. Above the ovens must be installed exhaust hoods, dangerous places- fenced with shields. In other words, the workplace must fully comply with safety regulations.
Working tools and accessories must be stored at each workplace in such a way that they are convenient to use, and, in addition, they should be located so that they can be accessed for inspection at any time. A defective blacksmith tool should not be stored together with a serviceable one. The blacksmith does not work alone, but with a team. The composition of the team depends on the equipment on which the blacksmith works, and on the nature of the work performed. As a rule, the main composition of the brigade should be permanent. The blacksmith is the foreman; His duty is not only to carry out own work but also supervising the work of all team members. The blacksmith must always remember that he is entrusted with expensive and complex equipment. From correct operation blacksmith will depend on the safety of the equipment entrusted to him, work safety, fulfillment and overfulfillment of tasks, and hence the earnings of all members of the brigade.
How should a blacksmith work at his workplace during a shift? Upon arrival at the workshop, before starting work, the blacksmith must take the workplace clean and in perfect order from his shift, check the condition of the equipment and tools, and in case of their malfunction, immediately inform the master. After that, he must receive a task and a work order from the master, familiarize all members of the team with the upcoming work. Before starting work, the blacksmith checks the availability and condition of forging blanks. As a rule, the previous shift should supply blanks to the blacksmith's workplace, load the furnace with them so that they are heated to the forging temperature by the start of work. Then the Kuenese places the workers of his brigade in their workplaces. And only after such preparation of the workplace, he gives the command to the heater to feed the workpiece from the furnace under the hammer.
During the shift, the blacksmith cannot leave his workplace for a long time. He can leave only on the call of the master or the head of the shop. Members of the brigade may leave the workplace only with the permission of the foreman.
At the end of the shift, the blacksmith puts the workplace in order and hands it over to the shifter. The blacksmith should not leave the workshop without waiting for the shift and without transferring the workplace to him. If a shifter is absent from work (for example, due to illness), the blacksmith can leave the workshop only with the permission of the master.

First of all, you need to immediately clean up your garage, remove everything superfluous, all the garbage - don't be Plyushkin, who collected everything you need and don't need. After that install large equipment and workbenches that you will use in your work. Small tools can be stored in separate drawers or on hooks driven into the wall. By the way, such storage is very convenient, because you will always see what tool you have, and save a lot of space. If desired, you can hang the tool on its functional purpose. It is advisable to store dowels and screws in separate boxes, picking them up in size.

Many people use special carts for tools, so you always have everything you need at hand. With the help of a trolley it is also possible to equip a mobile workplace in cases where the main work will be carried out outside the walls of the workshop. If you decide to make a workshop not only for yourself, but also for others, offering repair services, it is advisable to take care of the possibility of connecting various equipment, such as, for example, what you need to think about the location of sockets. In some cases, the arrangement of the workshop involves the creation of a hood, especially if you work with wood. Or, if you don’t have such an opportunity, just get a powerful vacuum cleaner.

But it is also important that you think in advance what equipment and where it will be located. In general, you can sketch out a simple layout of equipment - this way it will be easier for you to perceive information visually. Wrongly organized free space in the workshop, you will achieve a sharp decrease in the efficiency and effectiveness of your work. Just calculate what area will be most suitable for you for a workplace, how much space you need to place the tool.

Also, while equipping the workshop, do not forget about winter period- you will need a device for heating the room, otherwise the work can be postponed for this time. To do this, you can use modern insulation materials and in addition to install an electric heater. By the way, tools in a warm room will be stored better, since humidity and low temperatures may result in deterioration of their properties.

Advice: do not forget about the first aid kit, which must contain cotton, bandage, brilliant green and antiseptics necessary for first aid.

How to equip a workshop for your worker?

Many are also interested in how to equip a workshop for a hired worker (in the event that it was decided to engage in private business, and not just repair and build something for personal purposes). There are several rules and recommendations that it is desirable to follow.

The workplace of a blacksmith (forge) is called a site production area, on which the main forging and auxiliary equipment (heating devices, means of mechanization), as well as technological equipment (anvils, tables, vise) necessary for the blacksmith to perform certain operations that are part of the general technological process forging manufacturing.

Blacksmith's workplace should be organized according to rational organization labor and safety regulations. The distance between the equipment must be optimal, i.e. quite sufficient for its convenient and safe maintenance. The layout of the workplace should be rational to ensure high-performance work with lowest cost labor and maximum safety.

The location of the equipment should exclude the oncoming movement of goods and people. Thus, the correct organization of the working space of the forge contributes to the creation safe conditions labor, increase productivity and reduce marriage.

The location of workpieces, tools, fixtures, containers and other devices should prevent rapid fatigue of workers and the need to bend over frequently. To this end, the items necessary for work, if possible, are located in the zone of working movements of the forge, while everything that is taken right hand, are placed on the right, and everything that is taken with the left hand is placed on the left. There should not be anything superfluous in the workplace; all necessary milestones should have their permanent place.

Heating furnaces are positioned so that direct exposure of the rays to the workers is excluded. Gas is supplied to the furnaces from above to avoid possible poisoning in case of leakage. Exhaust furnace gases are forcibly removed from the shop in chimney. To reduce radiation, the ovens are painted on the outside with aluminum paint. All communications (steam, water, air) supplied to the workplace are placed under the floor. At the same time, floors made of steel or cast-iron corrugated tiles are the best.

Blacksmith's workplace should have good lighting, ventilation, protection against radiation, supply drinking water. These devices and fixtures must be located so as to ensure the unhindered movement of the blacksmith and objects of work. The workplace must be kept neat and tidy at all times.

The layout of the working space of the forge depends on the general layout of the forge, on the nature and volume of production, the main and auxiliary equipment used, the degree of mechanization, etc. Most often rational choice planning is determined by the specific conditions and requirements of production.

As shows years of experience, the correct organization of the workplace in modern production contributes to an increase in labor productivity.

The location of equipment, appliances and tools should be thought out, taking into account maximum comfort for work, as well as comply with the safety regulations of each worker, including the blacksmith at the enterprise.

Workplace of a blacksmith in production, they call a site with forging equipment and tooling located on its area. In addition to the main forging equipment, the site is equipped with mechanization tools, heating appliances, anvils, vices and tables. The listed equipment is integral part the entire technological process of forging production.

The workplace of a blacksmith should be provided with good ventilation, lighting, water supply and various protective equipment. Dangerous places must be fenced off with shields, stoves are equipped with hoods. Welding must be carried out in an open area.

The location of devices and devices should not interfere with the movement of the employee, order and cleanliness in the workplace should be maintained. The tools necessary for the work must be located within the range of the blacksmith's working movements.

Tools used with the right hand are on the right, and those used with the left hand are on the left.

No forging industry can do without quality equipment, which includes: forges, coal storage chest, tool boxes, baths for hardening parts.

Very often the quality of the product depends on the equipment on which the blacksmith works.

If you are going to organize your own blacksmithing, in no case do not purchase cheap devices. Better buy equipment domestic production directly from the manufacturer. Thus, you will save money and provide your production with quality devices.

Our company has been producing industrial equipment, and blacksmith including. One of the best domestic products on the market is forge our production. This fact is confirmed by high production and technological indicators.

Organization of the workplace in the mini-forge.

Blacksmith's workplace

The first is safety in the workplace. Neglect of safety requirements threatens with serious consequences for all employees of the mini-forge. The location of all, instruments and materials of the forging and metalworking room should be thought out taking into account maximum comfort in work and safety of artisans. The optimally calculated arrangement of equipment in the mini-forge will allow its owner to breathe clean air, preserve health, relieve injuries and protect against various troubles. For these purposes, appropriate ventilation is provided above the blacksmith's forge, and the mini-forge itself and the workbench must be equipped with sufficient electrical and natural light. should only be done outdoors.

It is better to have a blacksmith workshop separately from other buildings (see also the corresponding articles in the section). Moreover, the mini-forge should be better located under a canopy or in a ventilated building built from asbestos cement and metal structures, i.e. refractory or non-flammable building materials. A stationary mini-forge should also be sheathed with asbestos-cement slabs, the height of the ceilings of the forge room should be 2.5 meters or more.

Equipment of an individual forge

Small portable bugle

Tools and fixtures mini-forge -

• mini blacksmith's forge with an extract,
• water tank,
• iron fuel box,
• bending plate,
• molding plate and nail plate on a metal angle frame,
• correct,

You will also need locksmith workbench, metal shelving for blacksmith tools (stationary and portable), electric sharpener with a set abrasive stones, blacksmith and locksmith vise, electric drill with a set drilling tools, locksmith tools, measuring tools.

Blacksmith mini-forge must be installed in such a way that it can be accessed from three sides. The horn is used to heat the workpiece. Blacksmith mini-forge can be portable or stationary, closed or open type and various designs(see also related articles in the section).

Consider such furnace designs that are most optimally suited for the conditions of a mini-forge. Horn portable type very handy in the workshop due to its small size, it can be moved around the room and beyond, simple production makes it common for blacksmithing. For the manufacture of forged products small size with the help of a tool such as a mini blacksmith hammer, such a portable forge fits perfectly. But a portable type forge is not suitable for working with large castings. Therefore, the workshop needs and stationary professional bugle

To work on art forged products most suitable open bugle Structurally, it is uncomplicated and products of any size are heated up with such a mountain. - firewood and coal. Charcoal This is the highest quality fuel for blacksmithing. But such fuel is scarce and expensive, and it is required in considerable quantities, therefore enriched coke is most often used for the hearth.