Intra-warehouse logistics is a matter of paramount importance for large commercial and industrial complexes. Ergonomic distribution of goods, materials and industrial products guarantees their safety and ensures comfortable conditions for the operation of the enterprise as a whole. Our company provides a range of services for the arrangement and organization of warehouse equipment.

Services "PromStellazh"

The company's specialists manufacture racks taking into account operating parameters the room in which they will be installed. In doing so, we take into account the nature of the materials or goods that will be stored on the racks.

We accept orders for the manufacture of many types of racks:

• deep;
• shelf;
• mezzanine type;
• self-supporting;
• gravity;
• stuffed;
• shuttle processing;
• for auto glass, tires and hoods;
• mobile.

In addition, the material base and high-precision equipment of "PromStellazh" allows us to accept orders of any complexity, so the company's portfolio includes samples of manufacturing non-standard structures of complex configuration.

Besides, Maintenance completed racks are also produced by our company.

It includes:

• Troubleshooting.
• Repair work.

The area of ​​competence of "PromStellazh" is also the technical examination of rack structures of any complexity.

How we are working

Behind long time stay in the profession, our specialists have gained some experience in this area. First of all, we form technical task and we are working on the layout of shelving structures in the customer's premises. In this case, the removal of measurements is free.

Having determined the scope of work, our specialists calculate the strength of the racks. Calculation of load characteristics. Taking into account all the data, the most durable and ergonomic shelving structure is made, which will be equally successfully used in the archive, in warehouse or in the office.

When manufacturing racks of a certain type, our specialists take into account not only the permissible loads, but also all technical details. For example, the probability of seismic impact is taken into account in the calculations. The calculation of the potential threat from seismic impact is carried out in accordance with modern standards.

In addition, the hypothetical probability of various emergency moments is taken into account. For example, we take into account the level of damage to the structure from impacts of lifting equipment and try to make the structure as strong and resistant to mechanical stress as possible.

During operation, situations with the collapse of the shelves may occur. Possible damage from falling loads can be very serious, so our design work includes the calculation of the allowable load on the rack.

Legal and scientific basis

Professional modeling of shelving structures involves the use of government regulations.

Fulfilling the terms of reference, the specialists of the PromStellazh company are guided by the provisions governing the operation of prefabricated structures:

• GOST R 55525-2017 (general technical recommendations).
• 15512 (rules for the design and use of steel permanent storage systems).
• SNiP dated 2.01.07-85 (rules for accounting for the impact of the environment on rack structures).

Professional technique

The main method in the work of the specialists of the company "PromStellazh" is the calculation of finite elements. The technique is common for solving professional problems in the field of structural mechanics. This method can have many options, which are selected based on the geometric design and physical parameters materials used.

In addition, the finite element method used by PromStellazh specialists is characterized by optimal consideration of the interaction of the racking system itself with the environment.

Our professionals focus on the following environmental indicators:

• Mechanical.
• Corrosive.
• Temperature.
• Boundary.

The advantage of using the finite element method is its high invariance and automation of each calculation step. Choose only correct option and to make a competent calculation of the maximum load on the shelf helps us professional experience and knowledge of mechanics.

The technique has been certified federal service for supervision:

• Ecological.
• Atomic.
• Technological.

Wherein this technique calculation of finite elements is regulated by certification passports:

• No. 148 (has no deadline).
• No. 200 (valid until 06/23/2025).
• No. 345 (valid until 10/21/2023).

Thus, our projects of shelving structures take into account the parameters of the building, and the volume / mass of stored products, and the nominal load on the shelf, and the recommendations of the scientific and technical center for environmental and nuclear safety.

Prices for the calculation of racks for strength

Benefits of contacting PromStellazh

Our company has been present on the market of similar services for 14 years. The accuracy of manufacturing orders is guaranteed by the solid production base of the company. At each stage of the order, we practice careful quality control. The undoubted advantage of contacting our company is a loyal pricing policy in relation to consumers.

Cooperation with "PromStellazh" guarantees each client a comprehensive equipment of warehouses and any industrial premises. In addition, the company can order components for various types shelving. Including: holders and ties, fasteners and limiters.

The company's portfolio includes many positive feedback our clients, including:

• "Sweet Trading House".
• LLC "TD Petelino"
• OOO "Mir Hobby"
• PJSC Uralkali.
• Bosch Rexroth LLC.

The PromStellazh company values ​​the respect of its consumer audience. Therefore, our customers have the opportunity to order post-warranty maintenance of installed structures.

For the convenience of service, we practice the service "Delivery". You can leave an online application for a finished rack with us, and we will deliver it to the specified point.

The advantages of contacting the company are:

• Loyal prices.
• Large range of manufactured products.
• High quality installation work.
• Compliance with the deadlines stipulated in the contract.
• Professional approach.
• Strict compliance with existing GOST standards.

Turning to the specialists of the PromStellazh company, you are guaranteed to receive a professional solution to your problem. With us you will put your products on the shelves!

Shelving calculation

Purpose, types and features of the layout scheme of shelving structures

Warehouses have great importance in modern logistics. Primarily - for the redistribution of cargo traffic. It is warehouses that make it possible to accumulate, concentrate cargo, making transportation expedient and efficient. They allow you to always have the right products on hand, shipping them as soon as an order comes from consumers.

Storage of cargo is carried out on special devices (racks) designed to store items and materials, consisting of multi-tiered flooring, mounted on racks. Modern shelving is oriented to minimize footprint and optimize access to stored items and materials.

Depending on the purpose, the racks are divided into several types:

pallet racks is a convenient and functional design for placing goods on pallets. Pallet rack structures can be divided into frontal (Figure 1, a) and deep (Figure 1, e). Frontal are considered more versatile and more convenient when working with fast-moving products. In addition, front racks for a warehouse can significantly increase the efficiency of using warehouse space. Deep racks are designed for the turnover of homogeneous goods and allow you to load the warehouse to the maximum.

Shelving racks- type of racks (Fig. 1, b) used for storing piece and manual processing in a multi-product warehouse of piece products: containers, boxes, etc.

Mobile racks- designs designed for rooms with a limited volume, requiring the organization of a system with the possibility of classifying its contents. Such shelving systems are ideal for various archives and libraries.

Console racks are used for storage of oversized long cargoes. Such cargoes are placed with the help of special equipment(Fig. 1c).

Gravity racks- a special type of pallet racks, equipped with special roller tracks inclined at a slight angle to the horizon (3-5 degrees) so that the pallets under the action of gravity roll down from the loading area to the unloading area (Fig. 1, d).

Mezzanines- equipment that, thanks to its multi-tiered structure, helps to maximize the use of the entire area of ​​​​the warehouse (Fig. 1, f).

Rice. 1 - Shelving types

Shelving calculation criteria

The relevance of strength calculations now no one doubts, and this fact is due to the needs modern market. An economical approach to the use of materials in the design of shelving structures on the one hand and ensuring the safety and security of the cargo on the other hand make the necessary similar calculations.

The calculation of racks is carried out taking into account the following criteria:

a) Strength criterion. For given design loads, the equivalent stresses arising in the structural elements should not exceed the design resistance of the material used.

σ max ≤ [σ];

[σ] = σ t /1.05,

where 1.05 is the reliability factor for the material (SP 16.13330.2011, Table 3).

b) Stiffness criterion. The maximum total displacements in the structure must not exceed the allowable limit. In paragraph 3.5 of GOST 28766-90 it is said that the elastic deflection of the ledger of the shelf from the gravity of the goods in their standard value should not exceed 1/200 of the span of this crossbar.

f max ≤ [ f];

c) Stability criterion. The stability of the idealized linear elastic frame model must be ensured (K set ≥ 1.3 according to SP 16.13330.2011, clause 4.3.2, taking into account clauses 4.2.5, 4.2.6).

Also, when calculating racks, it is necessary to take into account the influence of local effects, such as local buckling or local collapse of a structural element.

Methods and approaches to the calculation of racks

The European Maintenance Federation (FEM) in September 1995 completed the preparation normative document describing the calculation, testing and design of metal storage racks. It systematizes the methods for calculating rack structures and sets out the requirements for technological processes concerning the control of materials, production, assembly and installation of storage shelving systems, the conditions of safety and quality are specified, which in without fail must be observed by manufacturers and installers. This document, FEM 10.2.02, is still preliminary advice, but most European countries it has already been approved and accepted as the current standard, which serves to achieve the maximum level of warehouse operation safety.

In turn, in Russia in 1992, GOST 28766-90 was adopted, which establishes the basis for the calculation of steel structures for stationary racks. The strength, stability and rigidity of the rack elements are checked according to the method of SNiP II-23-81 “Design standards. Steel structures. Regulatory and design loads are accepted in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07-85 "Loads and impacts".

The calculation according to these standards should include the calculation of the VAT of the rack structure. On the one hand, the design of the rack can be represented as a simplified rod model and calculated by means of "resistance of materials". But for a comprehensive design analysis, which also includes the calculation overall sustainability, local effects of collapse, buckling of a wall or a shelf of an element, one cannot do without automated calculation tools using a software product.

APMStructure3D is a module for calculating the stress-strain state, stability, natural and forced vibrations of parts and structures using the finite element method. This module is part of the automated calculation and design of structures for industrial and civil construction APM Civil Engineering. The system allows you to carry out both verification calculations of rack structures and an assessment of the maximum bearing capacity, and examination of collapses of racks of any type.

The calculation of racks can be carried out in accordance with Russian standards (GOST 28766-90, SNiP II-23-81) and in accordance with European standards (FEM10.2.02). But in between there are several fundamental differences, consisting in approaches to the calculation of racks for strength. These differences are described below.

a) Specifying loads

With regard to loads, the differences between the standards are in the safety factors, which are presented in table 1

Table 1 - safety factors for individual loads

Comparable value	SNiPII-23-81 SNiP 2.01.07-85*
Own weight
Stored cargo
Variable loads (wind, snow)
Load Combination Factor
Safety factor by material

As can be seen from Table 1, the values ​​of the reliability coefficients for loads in European standards are higher than the values ​​of the same coefficients in Russian standards. Consequently, the calculation according to European standards gives lower values ​​of the coefficients of safety and stability of the structure (Fig. 2).

a) according to SNiP

Rice. 2 Map of distribution of equivalent stresses in metal structures

b) Effective cross-sectional area. Accounting for local buckling

Of significant interest are bending thin-walled perforated profiles (Fig. 3), in which the loss of local stability in the flange or in the wall occurs before the general loss of stability in the most loaded elements. Checking the strength and stability of racks and beams with a similar section is carried out using geometric characteristics effective cross-sectional area (A eff , I eff , W eff) calculated without taking into account the compressed sections of the plates, for which local stability is not ensured. When determining the effective cross-sectional areas of the compressed and tensioned flanges of the beam, it is also necessary to take into account the effect of shear delay.

Accounting for the effective cross-sectional area is not provided for in Russian standards. It is possible to take into account the effective cross-sectional area using the Eurocode, however, this technique is a very time-consuming manual calculation and is even impossible for some types of cross-sections. One of the alternatives that allows taking into account the phenomenon of local buckling is the modeling of rack elements using plates (Fig. 4) and further stability analysis. According to clause 9.2.4 of EN15512, open thin-walled profiles under the action of a compressive load are subject to local (local) buckling, as well as buckling of the cross-sectional shape (Fig. 5).

Rice. 5 - Forms of buckling of the rack element

c) Calculation of deflections of a pallet beam

The calculation according to SNiP II-23-81 is carried out for a beam with hinged support. The load safety factor is 1.2.

According to EN15512 / FEM10.2.02, the calculation is carried out taking into account the semi-articulated support (in this case, the rigidity of the beam connection is specified). The load safety factor in this case is 1.4. Calculation schemes are presented in fig. 6.

The calculation of pallet beams in accordance with European standards shows higher values ​​of safety factors and smaller total displacements (Fig. 8).

Rice. 6 Design schemes: a) according to SNiP; b) according to EN/FEM

You can quickly design any shelf width in our online constructor on the home page site and immediately find out its cost.

Shelves made of chipboard (chipboard)

The main material in our constructor is chipboard. The advantages of this material are the price, a wide range of colors and applicability. Chipboard cabinets are also suitable for the office, living room, country house, etc.

Based on our experience and the experience of others furniture factories we got optimal length for different thicknesses material for construction depth 300-400 mm:
- Chipboard 16mm up to 600 mm;
- Chipboard 18mm up to 800 mm;
- Chipboard 22mm up to 1000 mm.

Each such shelf can withstand up to 40 kg and at the same time will not look “tired” over the years. Our recommendations, of course, do not mean that you need to strictly use our parameters and no freedom for your own decisions.

If you make the shelf wider than the recommended size, then over time, under the influence of air humidity, weight and other factors, the structure will begin to sag. If you still want to make the shelf wider than recommended, then use a cabinet with back wall from the material of the cabinet or HDF - this will significantly add structural rigidity. We recommend following this recommendation even if the shelves are not so long!

Using the example of 16 mm chipboard, we can say that if you decide to make a shelf from 600 to 800 mm, then you can put up to 30 kg on it, a shelf from 800 to 1000 mm can be loaded up to 20 kg, over 1000 mm up to 10 kg. Moreover, shelves of this length can bend over time even under their own weight.

Glass shelves

Also consider the option of glass shelves. The material is fragile, which means that you need to treat its load carefully. A positive point in using glass shelves is moisture resistance. Such shelves are widely used in rooms with high humidity. For example, in the bathroom or in the kitchen.

With a depth of 250-300 mm, the following shelf lengths are the maximum weight distribution:
- Glass 6 mm to 305 mm;
- Glass 10 mm to 610 mm;
- Glass 12 mm to 914 mm.

In no case should objects be thrown onto glass shelves, the consequences may be small fragments that will be very difficult to see later.

In the example image below, you can see the optimal load on the shelf, depending on its length and thickness:

And what about tables?

Tables are usually substantially larger than rigid shelves, but are often made from the same materials. If you want to make a reliable, stable table, then you need to choose a reliable frame that is different from simple legs the presence of rigid connections between the supports. Examples of such tables can be found

All documents presented in the catalog are not their official publication and are for informational purposes only. Electronic copies of these documents can be distributed without any restrictions. You can post information from this site on any other site.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

RACKS

BASIS OF CALCULATION

GOST 28766-90

GOSSTANDART OF RUSSIA

Moscow

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Designations of types and executions of racks are given in. The design of the racks and the basic concepts used are given in.

Quantitative indicator of the nomenclature of goods, i.e. the number of different items of products stored in the rack, taken into account in the calculations of the racks, and the types of warehouses are given in Table. one.

Table 1

1.3. The strength, stability and rigidity of the rack elements are checked according to the method of SNiP II-23-81 “Design standards. Steel structures”, approved by the USSR State Construction Committee, taking into account the requirements of this standard. In this case, the calculation of bending elements is carried out according to the formulas for the elastic stage of the work of the material, taking into account the requirements of this standard.

The coefficients of working conditions are taken equal to one, for all elements, except for the following:

0.75 - for compressed braces from single corners attached; with one bolt or welded with one shelf (for unequal corners - only with a narrow shelf);

0.90 - for beams of crane rails of racks of executions 1.2; 2.2; 3.2.

The flexibility of the compressed elements of the racks should not exceed the following values:

racks, columns (whole or individual branches)
lattice elements of racks, columns
longitudinal horizontal connections
elements of the lattice of the upper and intermediate horizontal trusses of racks of executions 1.2; 2.2; 3.2
the same for racks of other designs
The flexibility of the tensioned elements of the cross braces, installed in the rear plane of the rack, should be no more than:
for racks of executions 1.2; 2.2; 3.2
for racks of other designs
Flexibility of prestressed braces is not limited.

2. LOADS AND THEIR COMBINATIONS

2.1. The normative load from the forces of gravity of the elements of the rack is determined by their design dimensions. The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.05. Terminology adopted according to SNiP 2.01.07-85

2.2. The normative load from the forces of gravity of the enclosing structures of the walls and roof of the warehouse is determined according to the standards and manufacturers or according to the design dimensions and volumetric weights of materials. The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.2.

2.5. The normative load from the gravity forces of a group of stored goods per one rack (column) of a rack or on the floor of a type 1 rack cell is determined as the product of the normative load () by the number of goods in the group.

2.6. The normative horizontal load directed along the crane track, caused by the braking of the overhead stacker crane, is assumed to be 0.1 of the normative vertical load on the drive wheel, determined under the conditions . The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.1.

2.7. The normative horizontal load directed across the crane track, caused by: braking of the cargo trolley of the overhead stacker crane, is taken equal to 0.1 of the gravity of the cargo trolley with a nominal load. The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.1.

When this load is taken into account in the calculations of strength and stability, it is assumed that it is transferred to one beam of the crane track, distributed equally between the wheels of the stacker crane resting on it, and can be directed both inside the span of the stacker crane and out.

Horizontal movement of the rack (column) of the rack at the level of the head crane rail determined from the standard load, which is distributed between the two extreme racks in proportion to the stiffness of their racks. The amount of movement should not exceed 1/4000 of the height of the specified level, counted from the base of the rack. The calculation is performed by treating the crane runway beam (together with the horizontal truss, if any) as elastically supported beams.

2.8. The normative horizontal load of the stop in the rack by the load gripping body when moving at low speed of an overhead stacker crane with a rated load is determined as the smallest of three values: the total traction force on the rims of the drive wheels of the stacker crane, corresponding to the starting torque of the electric motors, or slipping of the drive wheels with a friction coefficient 0.2; or the beginning of the separation of non-drive wheels from the crane rails. The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.05.

The specified load is applied when calculating the bottom panel of the front branch of racks of racks of types 1 and 2, according to which the load gripping body is taken to be located at the level of the middle of the panel length, measured from the bottom of the rack to the first longitudinal connection or crossbar.

If the length of the next panel of the front branch exceeds the length of the lower panel, then this panel is subjected to a similar calculation.

2.9. The standard horizontal load of the stop in the rack by the load gripping body when the cargo trolley of the overhead stacker crane with the rated load is moving at low speed is determined as the smallest of two values: the total traction force on the rims of the drive wheels of the trolley, corresponding to the starting torque of the electric motor, or the slipping of the drive wheels with the coefficient of adhesion 0.2. The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.05. The direction of the stop force is taken as corresponding to the increase in the load of the drive wheels.

The specified load is used when calculating the bottom panel, the front branch of racks of racks of types 1 and 2, and therefore the location of the load gripping body in height is taken in accordance with the scheme of the bar lattice of the rack.

The specified load is also used when calculating columns of racks of type 3. At the same time, for racks of execution 3.1, top position load gripping body, and for racks of execution 3.2 - middle and lower positions.

2.10. Normative horizontal load on the upper rail crane (P 1 ) the path with a fully extended load-handling body of a rack stacker crane in Newtons is calculated by the formula

P 1 =g(Ql 3 +M 3)/H p ,(1)

where g\u003d 9.81 m / s 2 - free fall acceleration;

Q- standard weight of a single cargo, kg (see);

l 3 - nominal reach of the load-handling body, m;

M 3 - the moment of mass of the sliding parts of the lifting body relative to the plane of the crane tracks, kg× m;

H p - distance of the upper rail crane track from the level of the rail head of the ground crane track, m

The load safety factor is assumed to be 1.25.

The load under consideration is distributed between the upper side rollers of one side according to the lever rule, if the number of such rollers is more than one.

2.11. For types of loads; specified in -2.10, the design load is determined as the product of the standard load and the load safety factor.

The calculated load from the gravity of a group of stored goods for the calculation of racks (columns) of the rack is obtained by multiplying the standard load () by the combination coefficient.

2.12. Estimated load of the stop in the rack (P 2 ) when extending the load-handling body of a rack-stacker crane in case of incorrect positioning of the load-lifter in Newtons, it is calculated by the formula

P 2 = N 3 n 3 h 3 / u 3 , (2)

where N 3 - rated power of the electric motor for the extension of the load gripping body, W;

n 3 - multiplicity of the maximum moment of the electric motor;

h 3 - Efficiency of the mechanism for extending the load gripping body;

u 3 - nominal speed of extension of the load gripping body, m/s.

2.13. The design load from the impact of an overhead stacker crane on a dead end stop installed on a rack is determined in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07-85 "Loads and impacts" approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

The load is taken into account when calculating the dead-end stop and elements of its fastening to the crane track beam, as well as when calculating the braces of the rear plane of racks of executions 1.2; 2.2; 3.2.

2.14. Estimated wind load acting on the wall enclosing structures of racks of executions 1.4; 2.4; and 3.4 are determined in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07-85 "Loads and Impacts" approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

The unloading effect of wind on the roof of the warehouse is not taken into account.

2.15 The design snow load on the roof of the warehouse is determined in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07-85 "Loads and Impacts", approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

2.16. Estimated seismic loads are determined according toSNiP II-7-81 "Construction in seismic regions", approved by the State Construction Committee of the USSR. At the same time, the coefficient To 1, taking into account the permissible damage to structures, is taken equal to 0.25; odds To 2 andK f , taking into account the type of construction of the structure, are taken equal to 1.0.

Seismic loads can act both in horizontal directions - along or across the rack, and in the vertical direction. The action of the forces of each of the three directions is considered separately, i.e. without summing the results of the impact among themselves.

Horizontal seismic loads are considered for all rack designs; at the same time, for racks installed at ground level, it is allowed to take into account only the first tone of natural vibrations of the loaded rack, and take the shape of the rack deformation as a straight line to determine the loads acting along the rack, and, as for a prismatic console, to determine the transverse loads.

For racks installed on the floor of the building, the deformation of the building should be taken into account, which is taken from the results of the calculations of the building for seismic effects.

Estimated vertical seismic load (P c ) on the console, rack in Newtons, version 3.1; 3.2; 3.3 or 3.4 is calculated by the formula

P c =5AK 1 K 2 K f P,(3)

where BUT- coefficient according to SNiP II-7-81;

P

2.17. Conditional horizontal load ( R 4) along the rack, in Newtons, used to calculate the braces of the back plane, is calculated by the formula

P 4 =200F × n,(4)

where F- cross-sectional area of ​​​​the rack (column) of the rack, cm 2;

n- the number of racks along the length of the rack.

The specified load is applied if it exceeds the longitudinal loads (clauses ; ; ). The load is distributed equally between all the braces of the back plane of the rack located in the same tier.

2.18. Guidelines for taking into account the gravity forces of the stored cargo and the values ​​of the coefficients of load combinations To and To t are given in - .

Combination coefficient values various kinds loads for the calculation of racks (columns) of racks are given in Table. 2.

table 2

Values ​​of load combination factors
for calculation of racks (columns) of racks

Type of load

Combination number

Shelving Gravity

Gravity of enclosing structures

Gravity of Overhead Stacker Crane

Gravity of the stored cargo

Overhead stacker crane braking load

Braking load of cargo trolley of overhead stacker crane

Load stop in the rack when moving overhead stacker crane

The load of the stop in the rack when moving the cargo trolley of the overhead stacker crane

Load on the upper track with extended grab of a rack stacker crane

The load of the stop in the rack when extending the capture of the rack stacker crane

Design combinations of loads for racks (columns) of racks should be taken according to Table. 3.

Table 3

Shelving design	Design load combinations
1.1; 2.1
1.2; 2.2
1.3; 2.3; 3.3
1.4; 2.4; 3.4	10, 11, 12, 13, 16

3. CALCULATION OF RACKS WITH DECK FOR
PACKED CARGO

3.1. When calculating the flooring crossbars for bending, we assume that the hinged support of their ends on the rack posts, the influence of the floorings of neighboring cells is not taken into account. The load on the flooring is its own gravity () and the gravity of the full set of loads () with a load safety factor of 1.1, if three or more loads are placed in the cell; 1.15 - if two cargoes are placed in the cell; 1.25 if one cargo is placed in the cell. The specified load is distributed equally between the two decking girders.

The vertical load from the force of gravity of each load is taken as a system of identical concentrated forces applied at the corners of the support contour of the load, if two or more loads are placed in the cell. If one load is placed in the cell, then the load distribution is carried out according to .

3.2. When calculating the flooring elements that are in direct contact with the goods, the design vertical load created by any of the two pairs of diagonally located corners of the container (package) is taken equal to 0.45 of the standard load () for each angle. In this case, the load of the other two corners is 0.18 of the same value.

3.3. The crossbar and transverse elements of the grating are additionally checked for the effect of the horizontal load of the stop by the load-handling body of the stacker crane () for versions 1.1 and 1.2 or () for versions 1.3 and 1.4. The specified load is distributed equally between the two forks or the two telescopic forks. The gravity forces of cargoes are taken into account with a coefficient of 0.8, regardless of their number on the shelf. The support of the ends of the crossbar is hinged.

The calculated bending and compression stresses must not exceed the yield strength of the material.

3.4. The nodal connection of the crossbar with the rack is calculated for moments and forces according to the scheme of complete pinching of the ends of the crossbar under loads ().

3.5. The elastic deflection of the ledger of the shelf from the forces of gravity of the goods in their standard value should not exceed 1/200 of the span of this ledger.

The specified value of deflection for racks of executions 1.3 and 1.4, serviced by stacker cranes of execution SA in accordance with GOST 16553, should not exceed 8 mm.

3.6. The calculation of the racks is performed for combinations of loads according to and. In this case, it is assumed that the rack is fully occupied by the number of goods, and the values ​​​​of the coefficients of combinations of the gravity of the goods () are taken according to Table. 4, if the number of goods placed in the cell is at least two.

Table 4

	12 or more		6 or less
	To	To t	To	To t
10 or more	0,35	0,60	0,39	0,66
3 to 9	0,75	0,85	0,83	0,94
1 or 2	0,95	0,95	0,95	0,95

Note.

If only one load is placed in the cell, then the values ​​of the combination coefficients are taken according to

3.7. When calculating the rack branch for load combinations 1, 4, 5, 8, the nodal moment is also taken into account, equal to half the moment according (this implies that the cell adjacent to the node transmitting the moment load is unoccupied).

3.8. When checking the overall stability of the rack branch in the front plane of the rack, the rigidity of the front crossbars of the shelves and the upper horizontal braces when they are bent in the vertical plane, as well as the rigidity of the shelves for shear in the horizontal plane, are taken into account.

4. CALCULATION OF CONSOLE RACKS FOR
PACKED CARGO

4.1. The calculated vertical load on the cantilever shelf of the rack, created by any of the four corners of the container (package), is taken according to When calculating the cantilever shelf, the container (package) is set to the extreme possible position along the width of the rack cell.

4.2. The calculation of the racks is performed for a combination of loads according to and. In this case, the full employment of the cells of the rack is assumed, and the values ​​​​of the coefficients of combinations of the forces of gravity of the goods () in accordance with Table. 5.

Table 5

Quantitative indicator of the nomenclature of goods	Combination coefficient values ​​for the number of storage floors
	12 or more		6 or less
	To	To t	To	To t
10 or more	0,40	0,65	0,44	0,72
3 to 9	0,80	0,90	0,88	0,95
1 or 2	0,95	0,95	0,95	0,95

Note. With the number of storage floors from 7 to 11, the values ​​of the coefficients are determined by interpolation.

4.3. When checking the overall stability of the rack branch in the front plane of the rack, the rigidity of the longitudinal braces of the front plane, as well as the presence of upper horizontal braces, are taken into account. The rigidity of the rod lattice connecting the anterior branch with the posterior one is not taken into account.

5. CALCULATION OF CONSOLE RACKS FOR
LONG LONG LOADS

5.3. When calculating columns, the following cases should be considered:

for racks of executions 3.1 and 3.2 - cases of one-sided and two-sided loading (the latter - for a double-sided rack);

for racks of executions 3.3 and 3.4, if the latter are a pair of racks with one passage between them - the case when one rack is loaded and the opposite one is empty;

for racks of executions 3.3 and 3.4, if they are a triple of racks with two aisles between them - two cases, and in both cases one of the outer racks is loaded, the other is empty; the middle rack in the first case is loaded unilaterally, in the second - completely;

for racks of executions 3.3 and 3.4 with the number of passages three or more, the state of the outer racks corresponds to the previous one, and among the rest -z 1 , loaded unilaterally, while others are fully loaded; herez 1 =0,25 (z+2); z- the number of passes.

5.4. When calculating the bending of columns in the form of composite rods, one should take into account local nodal moments in the branches at the points of attachment of consoles to them, as well as the effect of longitudinal deformations of the branches on the value of nodal moments.

5.5. When calculating the anchor or welded fastening of columns to the base, for versions 3.1 and 3.2, additionally consider combinations of loads according to and , but without taking into account the gravity of the stored cargo; for versions 3.3 and 3.4, empty racks should be considered as part of blocks according to

5.6. For racks of execution 3.1, the horizontal movement of the column at the level of the upper console from the action of a one-sided load with a coefficient To t () should not exceed 15 mm. For racks of execution 3.1, which have an increased width of the inter-rack aisle against that required by GOST 16553, the specified standard can be increased by half the size of the aisle widening.

3 - cantilever for long loads

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

Warehousing

Maintaining the Crane Track Beams for Overhead Stacker Crane

Maintenance of overhead rail crane runway for rack stacker crane

Maintaining the enclosing structures of the walls and roof of the warehouse

Heck. 2.

6. Shelves (consoles) of racks intended for installation on sites with seismic activity of 8 and 9 points must be provided with stops to prevent cargo from sliding off the shelves (console).

7. Versions 1.3; 2.3; 3.3 are blocks of racks connected on top with cross braces, to which the upper rails are attached. crane tracks stacker cranes. To avoid the appearance of additional loads on the racks caused by uneven subsidence of foundations, the fastening of the cross braces to the uprights (columns) of the racks should be hinged (for example, using a bolt) or cross braces of low bending stiffness in the vertical plane should be used.

8. Versions 1.4; 2.4; 3.4 are similar in design to those described in paragraph 7, but additionally have truss and wall elements for installing wall and roof enclosing structures. In order to avoid the appearance of additional loads on the racks and rafters caused by uneven subsidence of foundations, constructive measures should be taken for moment decoupling roof structures and shelving units.

Heck. 2

INFORMATION DATA

1. DESIGNED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry heavy engineering of the USSR

DEVELOPERS

I.I. Benenson (topic leader) S.E. Usakovsky, V.G. Blinov, L.A. Stolyarov

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree State Committee USSR on product quality management and standards dated 03.12.90 No. 3007

3. The term of the first check is 1996; inspection frequency - 5 years

4. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

5. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

6. Reissue. June 1992

Intra-warehouse logistics is a matter of paramount importance for large commercial and industrial complexes. Ergonomic distribution of goods, materials and industrial products guarantees their safety and provides comfortable conditions for the operation of the enterprise as a whole. Our company provides a range of services for the arrangement and organization of warehouse equipment.

Services "PromStellazh"

The company's specialists manufacture racks taking into account the operational parameters of the room in which they will be installed. In doing so, we take into account the nature of the materials or goods that will be stored on the racks.

We accept orders for the manufacture of many types of racks:

• deep;
• shelf;
• mezzanine type;
• self-supporting;
• gravity;
• stuffed;
• shuttle processing;
• for auto glass, tires and hoods;
• mobile.

In addition, the material base and high-precision equipment of "PromStellazh" allows us to accept orders of any complexity, so the company's portfolio includes samples of manufacturing non-standard structures of complex configuration.

In addition, the maintenance of completed racks is also carried out by our company.

It includes:

• Troubleshooting.
• Repair work.

The area of ​​competence of "PromStellazh" is also the technical examination of rack structures of any complexity.

How we are working

For a long time in the profession, our specialists have gained some experience in this area. First of all, we form the terms of reference and work out the layout of shelving structures in the customer's premises. In this case, the removal of measurements is free.

Having determined the scope of work, our specialists calculate the strength of the racks. Calculation of load characteristics. Taking into account all the data, the most durable and ergonomic shelving design is made, which will be equally successfully used in the archive, in the warehouse or in the office.

When manufacturing racks of a certain type, our specialists take into account not only the permissible loads, but also all the technical nuances. For example, the probability of seismic impact is taken into account in the calculations. The calculation of the potential threat from seismic impact is carried out in accordance with modern standards.

In addition, the hypothetical probability of various emergency moments is taken into account. For example, we take into account the level of damage to the structure from impacts of lifting equipment and try to make the structure as strong and resistant to mechanical stress as possible.

During operation, situations with the collapse of the shelves may occur. Possible damage from falling loads can be very serious, so our design work includes the calculation of the allowable load on the rack.

Legal and scientific basis

Professional modeling of shelving structures involves the use of government regulations.

Fulfilling the terms of reference, the specialists of the PromStellazh company are guided by the provisions governing the operation of prefabricated structures:

• GOST R 55525-2017 (general technical recommendations).
• 15512 (rules for the design and use of steel permanent storage systems).
• SNiP dated 2.01.07-85 (rules for accounting for the impact of the environment on rack structures).

Professional technique

The main method in the work of the specialists of the company "PromStellazh" is the calculation of finite elements. The technique is common for solving professional problems in the field of structural mechanics. This method can have many options, which are selected based on the geometric design and physical parameters of the materials used.

In addition, the finite element method used by PromStellazh specialists is characterized by optimal consideration of the interaction of the racking system itself with the environment.

Our professionals focus on the following environmental indicators:

• Mechanical.
• Corrosive.
• Temperature.
• Boundary.

The advantage of using the finite element method is its high invariance and automation of each calculation step. Professional experience and knowledge of the mechanics helps us to choose the only correct option and make a competent calculation of the maximum load on the shelf.

The methodology has been certified by the Federal Service for Supervision:

• Ecological.
• Atomic.
• Technological.

At the same time, this method of calculating finite elements is regulated by attestation passports:

• No. 148 (has no deadline).
• No. 200 (valid until 06/23/2025).
• No. 345 (valid until 10/21/2023).

Thus, our projects of shelving structures take into account the parameters of the building, and the volume / mass of stored products, and the nominal load on the shelf, and the recommendations of the scientific and technical center for environmental and nuclear safety.

Prices for the calculation of racks for strength

Benefits of contacting PromStellazh

Our company has been present on the market of similar services for 14 years. The accuracy of manufacturing orders is guaranteed by the solid production base of the company. At each stage of the order, we practice careful quality control. The undoubted advantage of contacting our company is a loyal pricing policy in relation to consumers.

Cooperation with "PromStellazh" guarantees each client a comprehensive equipment of warehouses and any industrial premises. In addition, the company can order components for various types of racks. Including: holders and ties, fasteners and limiters.

The company's portfolio has a lot of positive feedback from our customers, including:

• "Sweet Trading House".
• LLC "TD Petelino"
• OOO "Mir Hobby"
• PJSC Uralkali.
• Bosch Rexroth LLC.

The PromStellazh company values ​​the respect of its consumer audience. Therefore, our customers have the opportunity to order post-warranty maintenance of installed structures.

For the convenience of service, we practice the service "Delivery". You can leave an online application for a finished rack with us, and we will deliver it to the specified point.

The advantages of contacting the company are:

• Loyal prices.
• Large range of manufactured products.
• High quality installation work.
• Compliance with the deadlines stipulated in the contract.
• Professional approach.
• Strict compliance with existing GOST standards.

Turning to the specialists of the PromStellazh company, you are guaranteed to receive a professional solution to your problem. With us you will put your products on the shelves!