General requirements for the selection of decorative properties. General requirements for the selection of decorative properties Schemes for combinations of related colors
Edition with Amendment No. 1, approved in May 1985 (IUS 8-85).
Decree State Committee USSR according to the standards of September 28, 1979 No. 3734, the introduction date is set
01.01.81
The validity period was removed according to protocol No. 4-93 of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 4-94)
1. This standard spreads on paint coatings(hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements for the selection of coatings according to decorative properties.
2. Under the decorative properties understand the properties of the coating, providing its aesthetic perception.
The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, gloss, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74.
3. The choice of coating for decorative properties is carried out at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.
4a. Finishing options developed in the process of artistic design are recorded in the map of the color and texture solution for finishing the product.
(Introducedadditionally, ch. No. 1).
4. Coatings in terms of decorative properties must comply with functional purpose and operating conditions, volume-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plastic external form products, aesthetic expressiveness and harmony of color and texture combinations of the surface of products.
5. The choice of coatings by color, gloss and texture is carried out according to the table.
| Name of product groups | Requirements for color and color combinations of paint and varnish coatings | Requirements for the texture and gloss of the coating |
| 1. Products operating in atmospheric conditions, against natural backgrounds, for example, agricultural machinery, road and utility vehicles, trucks, etc. | Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium and dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 4. Color combinations are contrasting, such as cadmium yellow (219) * and blue (485); related-contrasting, for example, greenish "ivory" (524) and emerald (315); related, such as taupe (661), brown (685) and red-orange (29) | Smooth, glossy and semi-gloss |
| 2. Products that operate in city streets and create a variety of colors in the general traffic flow, for example, buses, trolleybuses, taxis, specialized vehicles | Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are contrasting; related-contrasting, related; equitonal, such as cadmium yellow (219) and dark sand (795) | Smooth, glossy |
| 3. Individual transport, for example cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc. | Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium and dark; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are related; related-contrasting | Smooth, high gloss and glossy |
| 4. Products functioning in interiors industrial premises in contact with a person, for example, devices, machines, machines, equipment, etc. | Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low and medium intensity. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 3. Color combinations are equivalent, for example, gray-green (365) and light gray-green (352), related-contrasting, for example, "ivory" (229) and gray-green (365) | Smooth, glossy, semi-gloss, semi-matte, matte Smooth patterned ("hammer") and embossed ("shagreen") are allowed. |
| 5. Products of cultural and household purpose of durable use, functioning in residential interior in human contact, e.g. vacuum cleaners, washing machines, refrigerators, household radio-electronic equipment, fans, manual power tools, etc. | Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 2. Color combinations related, related-contrasting, contrasting and equitonal | Smooth and embossed, glossy and semi-gloss |
6. Classes of coatings for groups of products are given in Appendix 1. The class of coatings of surfaces of products that are constantly in the field of view of a person must be at least IV.
7. The choice of paints and varnishes providing the required class, texture and gloss of the coating is carried out according to appendices 2 and 3, color - according to standards or specifications for paint materials.
8. Assessment of the compliance of the coating with the requirements of paragraph 4 is carried out by an expert method.
9. The choice of the operation of surface preparation by the method of painting and drying the coating is carried out according to Appendix 4.
10. Types of harmonious color combinations are given in Appendix 5.
11. An example of the choice of coatings for decorative properties is given in Appendix 6.
ATTACHMENT 1
Mandatory
COATING CLASSES FOR PRODUCTS
| Group of industrial products | Painted surfaces | Coverage class, not lower |
| Cars upper class(type ZIL-117) and big class(Seagull type), medium, small and extra small class (Volga, Moskvich, Zhiguli, Zaporozhets types) * | ||
| Trucks, trailers and semi-trailers | ||
| Frame, chassis parts | ||
| Metal parts of the platform | ||
| Heavy Duty Trucks | Cabins, units, plumage, battery boxes | |
| External surfaces of fuel and oil tank platforms | ||
| Frames, corners, chassis | ||
| Buses ** | ||
| main railways 1520 (1524) mm gauge: locomotive traction (passenger, mail, luggage), electric trains and diesel trains | Side walls of bodies of passenger cars of locomotive traction | |
| Side walls of cars of electric trains and diesel trains, as well as mail and baggage cars, roof overhangs, frontal parts of the bodies of head cars of electric trains | ||
| The middle part of the roofs, car frames, bogies and boiler rooms | ||
| End walls of wagon bodies | ||
| freight mainline railways of 1520 (1524) mm gauge | External surfaces | |
| Construction and road cars, self-propelled, mounted and mobile | Surfaces of machine parts that are in the field of view of people (with the exception of surfaces whose coatings are of conservation service) | |
| Other surfaces of construction and road machines | ||
| Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment | Facing parts of agricultural machines | |
| Other surfaces of agricultural machines | ||
| Machine tools, press-forging and foundry machines: | ||
| machine tools of accuracy classes A, B and C according to GOST 8-82 | Main surfaces that define the appearance of machines | |
| Surfaces that are viewable but do not define appearance | ||
| conventional machines, press-forging and casting machines | The main surfaces that determine the appearance of machines and machines | |
| Surfaces that are viewable but do not define appearance | ||
| Surfaces inside machine tools and machines that are inaccessible for viewing (surfaces of frames of hydro- and lubricating equipment, etc.). | ||
| devices for direct communication with a person located in the zone of constant visual perception: large, for example, copiers, aggregative computer equipment (rack consoles, etc.). | The main surfaces that define the appearance of the device | |
| medium, for example, calculating machines, desktop computers, cash registers, analytical instruments - chromatographs, consumer electronic equipment, etc. | ||
| small, e.g. portable typewriters, Felix-type calculating machines, household optical and medical devices | ||
| Devices that surround a person, but fall into the zone of visual perception irregularly: | ||
| large, e.g. auxiliary instrumentation boards | ||
| medium, for example, secondary electronic automatic devices with a recording and indicating device (potentiometers) | ||
| small ones, such as pressure gauges, voltage stabilizers, relays, etc. | ||
| Automatic devices in the service of which a person does not take part: | ||
| large, for example, wagon scales (platforms); | ||
| medium, for example, weather instruments and equipment; | ||
| small, for example, differential pressure gauges and other instruments |
* For all-wheel drive vehicles of especially small and medium class of body coverage not lower than III.
** For a small class bus of the "Yunost" type, the class of body coverage is not lower than II
Notes:
1. When several classes are indicated for the same surfaces, a specific class is established according to the standards or specifications for the product.
2. Classes of coatings for products in export performance are set according to the standards or specifications for the product.
APPENDIX 2
COATING FOR ENAMELS AND VARNISHES
| Material name | Shine, coating texture | Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 |
| Melamine | Smooth plain | |
| High gloss | ||
| High gloss and high gloss | ||
| High gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| semi-gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Smooth patterned (hammer) | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Embossed "Shagreen" | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Urea | Smooth plain | |
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Pentaphthalic and glyphthalic | ||
| High gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Deep matte | ||
| Nitrocellulose | ||
| High gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-gloss and semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss and semi-matte | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Varnish NTs-134 with aluminum powder | ||
| Epoxy and epoxy ester | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss and matte | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Smooth plain | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Deep matte | ||
| Semi-matte and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| ХВ-1100 according to TU 6-10-1301-83 | ||
| Matte and semi-matte | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Semi-matte and matte | ||
| Semi-gloss and semi-matte | ||
| Oil and alkyd styrene | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Polyester unsaturated | ||
| Glossy | ||
| High gloss and high gloss | ||
| Polyacrylic | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| High gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Phenolic | ||
| Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-matte | ||
| Rubber | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Polyvinyl acetal | ||
| organosilicon | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Semi-gloss and semi-matte | ||
| Semi-matte and matte | ||
| Smooth plain | ||
| Semi-gloss | ||
| Polyurethane | ||
| High gloss | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Alkyd-urethane | ||
| Glossy | ||
| Oily | Embossed "Moire" | |
| Semi-matte and matte | ||
| bituminous | Smooth plain | |
| Rosin | ||
* With polishing.
APPENDIX 3
MAXIMUM COVERAGE CLASS FOR PRIMERS
| Primer grade | Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 | Primer grade | The maximum achievable class according to GOST 9.032-74 for smooth monochromatic coatings |
| EF-083, EF-083 L | |||
Notes:
1. For smooth patterned and embossed coatings, using the above primers, a maximum coating class II can be achieved.
2. For putty coatings, the choice of primer does not depend on the required coating class.
3. The indicated classes of coatings can only be obtained in combination with paints and varnishes listed in Appendix 2.
APPS1 - 3 . (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
APPENDIX 4
SURFACE PREPARATION OPERATIONS, COLORING AND DRYING METHODS FOR OBTAINING DIFFERENT COATING CLASSES
| The operation of preparing the surface of products before painting in accordance with GOST 9.402-80 * | staining method | Coating drying method |
|
| Degreasing Phosphating Passivation Chemical oxidation Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 5-4 according to GOST 10054-82 Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 6 according to GOST 3647-80 | Pneumatic spraying | convective |
|
| Degreasing Phosphating | Pneumatic spraying | Convective Natural |
|
| Passivation Etching | Spraying in an electric field | Thermoradiation-convective |
|
| Chemical oxidation Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 6-5 according to GOST 10054-82 Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 12 according to GOST 3647-80 | electrodeposition | ||
| Degreasing Phosphating | Pneumatic spraying | Convective Natural |
|
| Passivation Etching | Spraying in an electric field | Thermoradiation Thermoradiation-convective |
|
| Chemical oxidation | electrodeposition |
||
| Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 25-6 according to GOST 10054-82 | Airless spray |
||
| Hydrojet cleaning with sand no larger than 0.5 mm Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 25 according to GOST 3647-80 | |||
| Degreasing Phosphating | Pneumatic spraying | ||
| Passivation Etching | Spraying in an electric field |
||
| Chemical oxidation | electrodeposition |
||
| Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper | Airless spray |
||
| Shot blasting, shot blasting, hydrojet cleaning with shot size not | Spray coating with exposure to solvent vapors |
||
| more than 0.8 mm | Dipping |
||
| Tumbling Mechanical cleaning with metal brushes Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum | |||
Notes:
1. Under coatings with putty, the operation of surface preparation before painting is not standardized.
2. It is allowed to use other surface preparation operations, except those indicated in the table, that provide the required quality of the painted metal surface in accordance with GOST 9.032-74 and other painting and drying methods that provide the required quality of the coating.
3. For class IV coatings, the number of abrasive paper and electrocornud is not regulated.
APPENDIX 5
Reference
TYPES OF HARMONIOUS COLOR COMBINATIONS
1. Using paint colors to create matching color solutions products is determined by the psychological (emotional) and physiological impact on a person of individual colors and color combinations.
When choosing color combinations of coatings, their harmony should be the first and main condition.
2. To receive harmonious combinations colors, it is necessary that there is a certain relationship between colors (contrast or similarity between colors in terms of hue, lightness or saturation).
3. The relationship between colors is achieved using the principles of choosing color combinations along the color wheel (Fig. 1).
Color circle
AND- yellow; JO- yellow-orange; O- Orange; KO- red-orange; To- red; P- purple; FP- violet-purple; F- violet; FROM- blue; NW- blue-green; W- green; ZhZ- yellow-green; I, II, III, IV- color zones
4. When choosing color combinations, the characteristics of four psychologically optimal primary colors are taken into account - yellow (221), red (7), blue (427), green (324) and intermediate ones - orange, violet-purple, yellow-green.
5. Color combinations are divided into five main groups according to psychophysiological characteristics: contrasting, related, related-contrasting, equitonal, complex.
6. Contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors that have significant differences in hue, saturation and lightness.
Contrasting combinations are the most vivid and active in perception.
To enhance the contrast, the dimensions and surface configuration of the coatings are taken into account. different colors, them mutual arrangement.
6.1. Contrasting colors by color tone they should be on opposite sides of the color wheel (Fig. 2). When combined, these colors the same values saturation and lightness should reinforce each other's saturation and be perceived as brighter.
6.2. Contrasting colors in lightness should differ significantly with the same color tone and saturation.
6.3. Contrasting colors in saturation should vary significantly with the same color tone and lightness.
7. Related combinations are characterized by the use of colors located on color wheel within two basic neighboring colors and shades containing them (Fig. 3). There are four types of related combinations: yellow-red, red-blue, blue-green, green-yellow.
Schemes of combinations of contrasting colors by color tone
Schemes of combinations of related colors
Related combinations are soft, slightly active, static in perception.
8. Related-contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors located on the color wheel in neighboring sectors and containing shades of one primary color and two adjacent primary colors (Fig. 4). There are four types of related-contrasting combinations: green-yellow-red, yellow-red-blue, red-blue-green, blue-green-yellow.
Schemes of related-contrasting color combinations
Related-contrasting colors are active, dynamic in perception.
9. Equivalent combinations are characterized by the use of colors of the same color tone with one saturation, but different lightness; with one lightness, but different saturation; with different lightness and saturation.
10. Complex combinations are characterized by the use of chromatic colors with achromatic ones.
Achromatic colors are in good agreement with chromatic colors at different and at equal lightness.
11. Choosing harmonious color combinations for products according to paragraphs. 6 - 10 take into account: the correspondence of colors and their combinations to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the product, volume-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions and plasticity of the external shape of the product; information content and labor safety requirements; color preferences fashion; color-graphic scheme of the appearance of the product; characteristics of the texture and gloss of enamels of selected colors and the quality of the coating.
APPENDIX 6
Reference
EXAMPLE OF SELECTION OF COATINGS BY DECORATIVE PROPERTIES
1. Choice paintwork material for finishing the cabin of the projected model truck MAZ.
2. In terms of decorative properties, the coating must correspond to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the car.
3. The color of the car cabin must be in contrast to the color environment(color of the road, greenery, etc.). The cabin should be light or bright. Reflection of light from the paintwork of the cab (especially the roof) should be high (at least 60%) so that the cab is minimally heated from sun rays.
4. To ensure favorable conditions work of the driver, the color of the cab should not be dark, and the surface should be mirror-gloss. To quickly remove dirt, the texture must be smooth.
5. The volumetric-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plasticity of the external shape of the designed cabin require its one-color coloring with light or bright colors. The color should be clean, unpolluted, bright, expressing the power of the machine, not causing negative emotions and unpleasant associations.
6. To create a color variety on the streets of cities, on roads, construction sites, etc., the color must be among the colors that complement each other in the system colors road transport, construction and road machines.
7. The enamel of the selected color must be mass-produced.
8. The requirements of paragraphs. 2 - 7 correspond, for example, orange (121, 128) and yellow (285, 286) colors. Coverage class III in accordance with Appendix 1.
9. The car is operated in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate, is polluted with road dust, dirt and is subjected to periodic washing of hot and cold water with brushes. The turnaround time is 3 years, car maintenance is constant.
10. The specified operating conditions are satisfied by paint coatings obtained on the basis of melamine-alkyd enamel ML-12, perchlorovinyl enamel XV-110.
The coating system, consisting of two layers of ML-12 enamel applied to a primed surface, is stable in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate for 3 years.
The coating system, consisting of two coats of XB-110 enamel applied to a phosphated and primed surface, is also stable in temperate and tropical climates for 3 years.
11. In terms of color, texture, gloss and class of enamel ML-12 and XV-110 meet the requirements: the color of enamel ML-12 is orange (121, 128), enamel XB-110 is yellow (285, 286), coatings are in accordance with the recommended Appendix 2 - smooth, glossy (ML-12), semi-gloss (ХВ-110), maximum achievable coating class II for ML-12 enamel and III for ХВ-110 enamel.
12. Taking into account the level of production of the painting area (production - serial, painting on flow conveyors by pneumatic spraying or spraying in electric field, drying in thermoradiation drying chambers at a temperature of 130 °C), you should choose ML-12 enamel, which is applied by the specified method and has a thermoradiation drying mode at a temperature of 130 °C for 20 minutes.
XV-110 enamel is applied by pneumatic spraying and has a drying mode at a temperature of 18 - 23 ° C for 3 hours or at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1 hour.
Thus, for painting the designed model of a MAZ truck, ML-12 enamel should be used according to GOST 9754-76 orange color (121, 128).
Download full version
GOST 23852-79
Group T95
INTERSTATE STANDARD
PAINT COATINGS
General requirements to the choice of decorative properties
Coatings of lacquers and paints.
General requirements for choice
by decorative properties
ISS 25.220.60
Introduction date 1981-01-01
Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated September 28, 1979 N 3734 set the date of introduction as 01.01.81
The validity period was removed according to protocol N 4-93 of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 4-94)
EDITION with Amendment No. 1, approved in May 1985 (IUS 8-85)
1. This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements for the selection of coatings for decorative properties.
2. Under the decorative properties understand the properties of the coating, providing its aesthetic perception.
The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, gloss, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74.
3. The choice of coating for decorative properties is made at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.
4a. Finishing options developed in the process of artistic design are recorded in the map of the color and texture solution for finishing the product.
(Introduced additionally, Rev. N 1).
4. Coatings in terms of decorative properties must correspond to the functional purpose and operating conditions, volumetric and spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plasticity of the external shape of the product, aesthetic expressiveness and harmony of color and texture combinations of the product surface.
5. The choice of coatings by color, gloss and texture is made according to the table.
|
Name of product groups |
Requirements for color and color combinations of paint and varnish coatings |
Requirements for the texture and gloss of the coating |
|
1. Products operating in atmospheric conditions, against natural backgrounds, for example, agricultural machinery, road and utility vehicles, trucks, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium and dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 4. Color combinations are contrasting, such as cadmium yellow (219)* and blue (485); related-contrasting, for example, greenish "ivory" (524) and emerald (315); related, such as taupe (661), brown (685) and red-orange (29) |
Smooth, glossy and semi-gloss |
|
_________________ |
||
|
2. Products that operate in city streets and create a variety of colors in the general traffic flow, for example, buses, trolleybuses, taxis, specialized vehicles |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are contrasting; related- contrasting, related; equitonal, such as cadmium yellow (219) and dark sand (795) |
Smooth, glossy |
|
3. Individual vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium and dark; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are related; related-contrasting |
Smooth, high gloss and glossy |
|
4. Products that function in the interiors of industrial premises in contact with a person, for example, devices, machine tools, machines, equipment, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low and medium intensity. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 3. Color combinations are equivalent, for example, gray-green (365) and light gray-green (352), related-contrasting, for example, "ivory" (229) and gray-green (365) |
Smooth, glossy, semi-gloss, semi-matte, matte Smooth patterned ("hammer") and embossed ("shagreen") are allowed. |
|
5. Durable cultural and community products that operate in a residential interior in contact with a person, for example, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, refrigerators, household radio-electronic equipment, fans, hand-held power tools, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 2. Color combinations related, related-contrasting, contrasting and equitonal |
Smooth and embossed, glossy and semi-gloss |
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
6. Classes of coatings for groups of products are given in Appendix 1. The class of coatings of surfaces of products that are constantly in the field of view of a person must be at least IV.
7. The choice of paints and varnishes that provide the required class, texture and gloss of the coating is carried out according to appendices 2 and 3, color - according to standards or specifications for paints and varnishes.
8. Assessment of the compliance of the coating with the requirements of clause 4 is carried out by an expert method.
9. The choice of the operation of surface preparation by the method of painting and drying the coating is carried out according to Appendix 4.
10. Types of harmonious color combinations are given in Appendix 5.
11. An example of the choice of coatings for decorative properties is given in Appendix 6.
ATTACHMENT 1
Mandatory
COATING CLASSES FOR PRODUCTS
|
Group of industrial products |
Painted surfaces |
coverage class, |
|
Cars of the highest class (ZIL-117 type) and large class (Chaika type) of medium, small and extra small class (Volga, Moskvich, Zhiguli, Zaporozhets types) * |
||
|
_________________ * For all-wheel drive vehicles of especially small and medium class of body coverage not lower than III. |
||
|
Trucks, trailers and semi-trailers |
||
|
Frame, chassis parts |
||
|
Metal parts of the platform |
||
|
Heavy Duty Trucks |
Cabins, units, plumage, battery boxes |
|
|
External surfaces of fuel and oil tank platforms |
||
|
Frames, corners, chassis |
||
|
Buses* |
||
|
__________________ * For a small class bus type "Yunost", the class of body coating is not lower than II |
||
|
mainline railways of 1520 (1524) mm gauge: locomotive traction (passenger, mail, luggage), electric trains and diesel trains |
Side walls of bodies of passenger cars of locomotive traction |
|
|
Side walls of cars of electric trains and diesel trains, as well as mail and baggage cars, roof overhangs, frontal parts of the bodies of head cars of electric trains |
||
|
The middle part of the roofs, car frames, bogies and boiler rooms |
||
|
End walls of wagon bodies |
||
|
freight mainline railways of 1520 (1524) mm gauge |
External surfaces |
|
|
Construction and road machinery, self-propelled, mounted and mobile |
Surfaces of machine parts that are in the field of view of people (with the exception of surfaces whose coatings are of conservation service) |
|
|
Other surfaces of construction and road machines |
||
|
Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment |
Facing parts of agricultural machines |
|
|
Other surfaces of agricultural machines |
||
|
Machine tools, press-forging and foundry machines: |
||
|
machine tools of accuracy classes A, B and C according to GOST 8-82 |
Main surfaces that define the appearance of machines |
|
|
Surfaces that are visible but not determining appearance |
||
|
conventional machines, press-forging and casting machines |
The main surfaces that determine the appearance of machines and machines |
|
|
Surfaces that are viewable but do not define appearance |
||
|
Surfaces inside machine tools and machines that are not accessible for viewing (surfaces of the frames of hydro- and lubricating equipment, etc.). |
||
|
devices for direct communication with a person located in the zone of constant visual perception: large, for example, copiers, aggregative computer equipment (rack consoles, etc.). |
The main surfaces that define the appearance of the device |
|
|
medium, for example, calculating machines, desktop computers, cash registers, analytical instruments - chromatographs, consumer electronic equipment, etc. |
||
|
small, e.g. portable typewriters, Felix-type calculating machines, household optical and medical devices |
||
|
Devices that surround a person, but fall into the zone of visual perception irregularly: |
||
|
large, e.g. auxiliary instrumentation boards |
||
|
medium, for example, secondary electronic automatic devices with a recording and indicating device (potentiometers) |
||
|
small ones, such as pressure gauges, voltage stabilizers, relays, etc. |
||
|
Automatic devices in the service of which a person does not take part: |
||
|
large, for example, wagon scales (platforms); |
||
|
medium, for example, weather instruments and equipment; |
||
|
small, for example, differential pressure gauges and other instruments |
||
Download full version
|
INTERSTATE STANDARD |
||
|
PAINT COATINGS General requirements for the selection of decorative properties Coatings of lacquers. |
GOST 23852-79 |
|
|
By the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated September 28, 1979 No. 3734, the introduction date was set |
01.01.81 |
|
|
The validity period was removed according to protocol No. 4-93 of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 4-94) |
||
1. This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements for the selection of coatings for decorative properties.
2. Under the decorative properties understand the properties of the coating, providing its aesthetic perception.
The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, gloss, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74*.
3. The choice of coating for decorative properties is carried out at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.
4a. Finishing options developed in the process of artistic design are recorded in the map of the color and texture solution for finishing the product.
(Introduced additionally, Rev. No. 1).
High glossy
PF-163 according to GOST 5971-78*
Glossy
Semi-matte
Semi-gloss
Deep matte
Nitrocellulose
NTs-11 according to GOST 9198-83*
High gloss
Glossy
NTs-25 according to GOST 5406-84*
Glossy
NTs-256 according to GOST 25515-82*
NTs-5123 according to GOST 7462-73*
Semi-gloss and semi-matte
Glossy
Semi-gloss
NTs-1125 according to GOST 7930-73*
Semi-gloss and semi-matte
Semi-matte
Semi-gloss
Semi-matte
Varnish NTs-134 with aluminum powder
Epoxy and epoxy ester
Glossy
Glossy and semi-gloss
EP-140 according to GOST 24709-81*
Semi-gloss
EP-51 according to GOST 9640-85*
Semi-gloss and matte
EP-773 according to GOST 23143-83*
Semi-matte
Glossy
Glossy and semi-gloss
EF-1118 PG according to GOST 5971-78*
Semi-gloss
EF-1118 PM according to GOST 5971-78*
Semi-matte
EF-1118 M according to GOST 5971-78*
EP-525 according to GOST 22438-85*
Semi-gloss
Semi-gloss
Glossy
Semi-gloss
Glossy
Enamels:
Glossy
PF-188 according to GOST 24784-81*
Semi-gloss
Deep matte
Semi-matte and semi-gloss
PF-218 according to GOST 21227-93
Semi-gloss
Semi-gloss
Semi-matte
ХВ-1100 according to TU 6-10-1301-83
Matte and semi-matte
Semi-matte
Semi-matte and matte
XC-119 according to GOST 21824-76*
XC-119 E according to GOST 21824-76*
EP-255 according to GOST 23599-79*
Semi-gloss and semi-matte
Oil and alkyd styrene
Semi-matte
Semi-gloss
Glossy
Polyester unsaturated
Glossy
High glossy and glossy
Polyacrylic
Semi-matte
Glossy
High gloss
Glossy
Glossy and semi-gloss
Semi-matte
Glossy
Semi-matte
Glossy
Semi-matte
Glossy
Glossy
Glossy
Phenolic
Glossy and semi-gloss
Semi-matte
Rubber
Semi-gloss
Polyvinyl acetal
VL-515
organosilicon
Semi-gloss
KO-88 according to GOST 23101-78
Semi-gloss and semi-matte
Semi-matte and matte
Smooth plain
KO-813 by GOST 11066-74*
Semi-gloss
Polyurethane
UR-1161
High gloss
UR-175
Glossy
UR-176
Alkyd-urethane
URF-1128
Glossy
Oily
Embossed "Moire"
MA-224
Semi-matte and matte
bituminous
Smooth plain
BT-177
Rosin
APPENDIX 3 Recommended
MAXIMUM COVERAGE CLASS FOR PRIMERS
|
Primer grade |
The maximum class achieved byGOST 9.032-74* |
Primer grade |
The maximum class achieved byGOST 9.032-74* for smooth uniform surfaces |
|
V-ML-0143 by GOST 24595-81* |
|||
|
EF-083, EF-083 L |
|||
|
AK-070 by GOST 25718-83* |
|||
|
GF-021 by GOST 25129-82* |
|||
|
GF-0119 according to GOST 25129-82* |
|||
|
FL-03 K by GOST 9109-81* |
|||
|
FL-03 Zh GOST 9109-81* |
|||
|
VL-02 by GOST 12707-77* |
|||
|
VL-023 by GOST 12707-77* |
|||
Notes:
1. For smooth patterned and embossed coatings, using the above primers, a maximum coating class II can be achieved.
2. For putty coatings, the choice of primer does not depend on the required coating class.
3. The indicated classes of coatings can only be obtained in combination with paints and varnishes listed in.
APPENDICES 1-3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
APPENDIX 4 Recommended
SURFACE PREPARATION OPERATIONS, COLORING AND DRYING METHODS FOR OBTAINING DIFFERENT COATING CLASSES
|
Passivation |
||||
|
Chemical oxidation |
||||
|
Anodic oxidation |
||||
|
mechanical cleaning sandpaper No. 5-4 according to GOST 10054-82* |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 6 according to GOST 3647-80* |
||||
|
Degreasing |
Pneumatic spraying |
convective |
||
|
Phosphating |
Natural |
|||
|
Passivation |
Spraying in an electric field |
Thermoradiation-convective |
||
|
Etching |
||||
|
Chemical oxidation |
electrodeposition |
|||
|
Anodic oxidation |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 6-5 according to GOST 10054-82* |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 12 GOST 3647-80* |
||||
|
Degreasing |
Pneumatic spraying |
convective |
||
|
Phosphating |
Natural |
|||
|
Passivation |
Spraying in an electric field |
thermoradiation |
||
|
Etching |
Thermoradiation-convective |
|||
|
Chemical oxidation |
electrodeposition |
|||
|
Anodic oxidation |
Airless spray |
|||
|
Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 25-6 according to GOST 10054-82* |
||||
|
Hydrojet cleaning with sand no larger than 0.5 mm |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 25 GOST 3647-80* |
||||
|
Degreasing |
Pneumatic spraying |
|||
|
Phosphating |
||||
|
Passivation |
Spraying in an electric field |
|||
|
Etching |
||||
|
Chemical oxidation |
electrodeposition |
|||
|
Anodic oxidation |
Airless spray |
|||
|
Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper |
||||
|
Spray coating with exposure to solvent vapors |
||||
|
Shot blasting, shot blasting, hydrojet cleaning with a shot size of not more than 0.8 mm |
||||
|
Dipping |
||||
|
Tumbling |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with metal brushes |
||||
|
Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum |
||||
|
V-VII |
||||
|
* - Effective January 1, 2006 GOST 9.402-2004(here and below). |
||||
Notes:
1. Under coatings with putty, the operation of surface preparation before painting is not standardized.
2. It is allowed to use other surface preparation operations, except for those indicated in the table, providing the required quality of the painted metal surface according to GOST 9.032-74* and other methods of dyeing and drying, providing the required quality of the coating.
3. For class IV coatings, the number of abrasive paper and electrocornud is not regulated.
APPENDIX 5 Reference
TYPES OF HARMONIOUS COLOR COMBINATIONS
1. The use of the color of paint coatings to create the appropriate color solutions for products is determined by the psychological (emotional) and physiological impact on a person of individual colors and color combinations.
When choosing color combinations of coatings, their harmony should be the first and main condition.
2. To obtain harmonious color combinations, it is necessary that there is a certain relationship between colors (contrast or similarity between colors in terms of hue, lightness or saturation).
3. The relationship between colors is achieved using the principles of choosing color combinations along the color wheel (Fig. 1).
Color circle
Zh - yellow; ZHO - yellow-orange; O - orange; KO - red-orange; K - red; P - purple; FP - violet-purple; F - purple; C - blue; SZ - blue-green; З - green; ZhZ - yellow-green; I , II , W, IV - color zones
Crap. one
4. When choosing color combinations, the characteristics of four psychologically optimal primary colors are taken into account - yellow (221), red (7), blue (427), green (324) and intermediate ones - orange, violet-purple, yellow-green.
5. Color combinations are divided into five main groups according to psychophysiological characteristics: contrasting, related, related-contrasting, equitonal, complex.
6 . Contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors that have significant differences in hue, saturation and lightness.
Contrasting combinations are the most vivid and active in perception.
To enhance the contrast, the dimensions and configuration of the surface of coatings of different colors, their relative position are taken into account.
6.1. Contrasting colors in hue should be on opposite sides of the color wheel (Fig. 2). When combined, these colors, at the same saturation and lightness values, should enhance each other's saturation and be perceived as brighter.
6.2. Contrasting colors in lightness should differ significantly with the same color tone and saturation.
6.3. Contrasting colors in saturation should vary significantly with the same color tone and lightness.
7. Related combinations are characterized by the use of colors that are on the color wheel within two basic neighboring colors and containing their shades (Fig. 3). There are four types of related combinations: yellow-red, red-blue, blue-green, green-yellow.
Schemes of combinations of contrasting colors by color tone
Crap. 2
Schemes of combinations of related colors
Crap. 3
Related combinations are soft, slightly active, static in perception.
8. Related-contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors located on the color wheel in neighboring sectors and containing shades of one primary color and two adjacent primary colors (Fig. 4). There are four types related-contrasting combinations: green-yellow-red, yellow-red-blue, red-blue-green, blue-green-yellow.
Schemes of related-contrasting color combinations
Crap. four
Related-contrasting colors are active, dynamic in perception.
9. Equivalent combinations are characterized by the use of colors of the same color tone with the same saturation, but different lightness; with one lightness, but different saturation; with different lightness and saturation.
10. Complex combinations are characterized by the use of chromatic colors with achromatic ones. Achromatic colors are in good agreement with chromatic colors at different and at equal lightness.
11. When choosing harmonious color combinations for products according to - 10, they take into account: the correspondence of colors and their combinations to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the product, volume-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions and plasticity of the external shape of the product; information content and labor safety requirements; fashion color preferences; color-graphic scheme of the appearance of the product; characteristics of the texture and gloss of enamels of selected colors and the quality of the coating.
APPENDIX 6 Reference
EXAMPLE OF SELECTION OF COATINGS BY DECORATIVE PROPERTIES
1. The choice of paintwork material for finishing the cabin of the designed model of the MAZ truck.
2 . In terms of decorative properties, the coating must correspond to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the car.
3. The color of the car cabin must be in contrast to the color of the environment (the color of the road, greenery, etc.). The cabin should be light or bright. Reflection of light from the paintwork of the cab (especially the roof) should be high (at least 60%) so that the cab is minimally heated by sunlight.
4. To ensure a favorable working environment for the driver, the color of the cab should not be dark, and the surface should be mirror-gloss. To quickly remove dirt, the texture must be smooth.
5. Volumetric-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plasticity of the external shape of the designed cabin require its one-color coloring with light or bright enamels. The color should be clean, unpolluted, bright, expressing the power of the machine, not causing negative emotions and unpleasant associations.
6. To create a variety of colors on the streets of cities, on roads, construction sites, etc., color should be among the colors that complement each other in the system of colors for road transport, construction and road machines.
7. The enamel of the selected color must be mass-produced.
8. The requirements of paragraphs. 2 - 7 correspond, for example, orange (121, 128) and yellow (285, 286) colors. Coating class III in accordance with .
9. The car is operated in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate, polluted with road dust, dirt and subjected to periodic washing with hot and cold water using brushes. The turnaround time is 3 years, car maintenance is constant.
10. The specified operating conditions are satisfied by paint coatings obtained on the basis of melamine-alkyd enamel ML-12, perchlorovinyl enamel XV-110.
The coating system, consisting of two layers of ML-12 enamel applied to a primed surface, is stable in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate for 3 years.
The coating system, consisting of two coats of XB-110 enamel applied to a phosphated and primed surface, is also stable in temperate and tropical climates for 3 years.
11. According to the color, texture, gloss and class of enamel ML-12 and XV-110 meet the requirements: the color of enamel ML-12 is orange (121, 128), enamel XB-110 is yellow (285, 286), coatings according to the recommended - smooth , glossy (ML-12), semi-gloss (XV-110), maximum achievable coating class II for enamels ML-12 and III for enamel XB-110.
12. Taking into account the level of production of the painting area (production - serial, painting on flow conveyors by the method of pneumatic spraying or spraying in an electric field, drying in thermoradiation drying chambers at a temperature of 130 ºС), you should choose ML-12 enamel, which is applied by the specified method and has a mode thermoradiation drying at a temperature of 130 ºС for 20 min.
XB-110 enamel is applied by pneumatic spraying and has a drying mode at a temperature of 18-23 ºС for 3 hours or at a temperature of 60 ºС for 1 hour.
Thus, for painting the designed model of a MAZ truck, ML-12 enamel according to GOST 9754-76* orange (121, 128).
Group T95
INTERSTATE STANDARD
PAINT COATINGS
General requirements for the selection of decorative properties
Coatings of lacquers and paints.
General requirements for choice by decorative properties
MKC 25.220.60 87.020
By the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated September 28, 1979 No. 3734, the introduction date was set
The validity period was removed according to protocol No. 4-93 of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 4-94)
1. This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements for the selection of coatings for decorative properties.
2. Under the decorative properties understand the properties of the coating, providing its aesthetic perception.
The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, gloss, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74.
3. The choice of coating for decorative properties is carried out at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.
4a. Finishing options developed in the process of artistic design are recorded in the map of the color and texture solution for finishing the product.
(Introduced additionally, Rev. No. 1).
4. Coatings in terms of decorative properties must correspond to the functional purpose and operating conditions, volumetric and spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plasticity of the external shape of the product, aesthetic expressiveness and harmony of color and texture combinations of the product surface.
5. The choice of coatings by color, gloss and texture is carried out according to the table.
|
Name of product groups | ||
|
1. Products operating in atmospheric conditions, against natural backgrounds, for example, agricultural machinery, road and utility vehicles, trucks, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium and dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 4. Color combinations are contrasting, such as cadmium yellow (219)* and blue (485); related-contrasting, for example, greenish "ivory" (524) and emerald (315); related, such as taupe (661), brown (685) and red-orange (29) |
Smooth, glossy and semi-gloss |
Official edition
Reprint prohibited
Edition with Amendment No. 1, approved in May 1985 (IUS 8-85).
Continuation
|
Name of product groups |
Requirements for color and color combinations of paint and varnish coatings |
Requirements for the texture and gloss of the coating |
|
2. Products that operate in city streets and create a variety of colors in the general traffic flow, for example, buses, trolleybuses, taxis, specialized vehicles |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; pure and complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are contrasting; related-contrasting, related; equitonal, such as cadmium yellow (219) and dark sand (795) |
Smooth, glossy |
|
3. Individual vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium and dark; low, medium and maximum saturation. Color combinations are related; related-contrasting |
Smooth, high gloss and glossy |
|
4. Products that function in the interiors of industrial premises in contact with a person, for example, devices, machine tools, machines, equipment, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low and medium intensity. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 3. Color combinations are equivalent, for example, gray-green (365) and light gray-green (352), related-contrasting, for example, "ivory" (229) and gray-green (365) |
Smooth, glossy, semi-gloss, semi-gloss, matte Smooth patterned ("hammer") and embossed ("shagreen") are allowed. |
|
5. Durable cultural and community products that operate in a residential interior in contact with a person, for example, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, refrigerators, household radio-electronic equipment, fans, hand-held power tools, etc. |
Colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue zones and achromatic; complex; light, medium, dark in lightness; low, medium and maximum saturation. The number of primary colors in the color scheme is not more than 2. Color combinations related, related contrasting, contrasting and equitonal |
Smooth and embossed, glossy and semi-gloss |
|
(Changed edition, |
6. Classes of coatings for groups of products are given in Appendix 1. The class of coatings of surfaces of products that are constantly in the field of view of a person must be at least IV.
7. The choice of paints and varnishes providing the required class, texture and gloss of the coating is carried out according to appendices 2 and 3, color - according to standards or specifications for paints and varnishes.
8. Assessment of the compliance of the coating with the requirements of paragraph 4 is carried out by an expert method.
9. The choice of the operation of surface preparation by the method of painting and drying the coating is carried out according to Appendix 4.
10. Types of harmonious color combinations are given in Appendix 5.
11. An example of the choice of coatings for decorative properties is given in Appendix 6.
ANNEX 1 Mandatory
|
Group of industrial products |
Painted surfaces |
Coverage class, not lower |
|
Cars of the highest class (ZIL-117 type) and large class (Chaika type), medium, small and extra small class (Volga, Moek- | ||
|
vich, Zhiguli, Zaporozhets)* | ||
|
Trucks, trailers and | ||
|
semi-trailers |
Frame, chassis parts | |
|
Metal parts of the platform | ||
|
Heavy-duty mining vehicles |
Cabins, units, plumage, battery boxes | |
|
External surfaces of fuel and oil tank platforms | ||
|
Frames, corners, chassis | ||
|
Buses** | ||
|
mainline railways |
Side walls of passenger car bodies | |
|
1520 (1524) mm: locomotive traction (pas- |
LOCOMOTIVE traction | |
|
passenger, postal, luggage), electronic |
Side walls of electric train cars and | |
|
trains and diesel trains |
diesel trains, as well as mail and baggage cars, roof overhangs, frontal parts of the bodies of the head cars of electric trains | |
|
The middle part of the roofs, car frames, bogies and boiler rooms | ||
|
End walls of wagon bodies | ||
|
freight mainline railways of 1520 (1524) mm gauge |
External surfaces | |
|
Construction and road machines, |
Surfaces of machine parts in | |
|
self-propelled, mounted and mobile |
people's field of vision (with the exception of surfaces whose coatings are of conservation service) | |
|
Other surfaces of construction and road machines | ||
|
Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment |
Facing parts of agricultural machines | |
|
Machine tools, press-forging and foundry machines: |
Other surfaces of agricultural machines | |
|
machine tools of accuracy classes A, B and C according to | ||
|
type of machines | ||
|
Surfaces that are viewable but do not define appearance |
* For all-wheel drive vehicles of especially small and medium class of body coverage not lower than III.
** For a small class bus of the “Yunost” type, the class of body coverage is not lower than II.
Continuation
|
Group of industrial products |
Painted surfaces |
Coverage class, not lower |
|
machines of conventional design, bodywork |
The main surfaces that determine the external | |
|
barbed and casting machines |
type of machines and machines | |
|
Surfaces that are viewable but do not define appearance | ||
|
Surfaces inside machine tools and machines that are inaccessible for viewing (surfaces of frames of hydro- and lubricating equipment, etc.). | ||
|
The main surfaces that determine the external | ||
|
devices for direct communication with a person located in the zone of constant visual perception: large, for example, copiers, aggregative computer equipment (rack consoles, etc.). |
instrument view | |
|
medium, for example, calculating machines, desktop computers, cash registers, analytical instruments - chromatographs, consumer electronic equipment, etc. | ||
|
small, e.g. portable typewriters, Felix-type calculating machines, household optical and medical devices | ||
|
Devices that surround a person, but fall into the zone of visual perception irregularly: | ||
|
large, e.g. auxiliary instrumentation boards | ||
|
medium, for example, secondary electronic automatic devices with a recording and indicating device (potentiometers) | ||
|
small ones, such as pressure gauges, voltage stabilizers, relays, etc. Automatic devices in the service of which a person does not take part: | ||
|
large, for example, wagon scales (platforms); | ||
|
medium, for example, weather instruments and equipment; | ||
|
small, for example, differential pressure gauges and other instruments |
Notes:
1. When several classes are indicated for the same surfaces, a specific class is established according to the standards or specifications for the product.
2. Classes of coatings for products in export performance are set according to the standards or specifications for the product.
|
Material name |
Shine, coating texture | |
|
Melamine |
Smooth plain | |
|
ML-1110 according to GOST 20481-80 |
High gloss | |
|
ML-197 according to GOST 23640-79 | ||
|
ML-12 according to GOST 9754-76 |
High gloss and high gloss | |
|
ML-152 according to GOST 18099-78 |
High gloss | |
|
ML-1156 according to GOST 5971-78 |
Glossy | |
|
ML-1156 black according to GOST 5971-78 |
semi-gloss | |
|
ML-242 according to GOST 10982-75 |
Glossy | |
|
ML-283 according to GOST 10982-75 | ||
|
ML-28 according to GOST 9754-76 |
Glossy and semi-gloss | |
|
ML-279 OP according to GOST 5971-78 |
Semi-matte | |
|
ML-279 according to GOST 5971-78 |
Smooth patterned (hammer) | |
|
ML-165 according to GOST 12034-77 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
ML-165 PM according to GOST 12034-77 |
Semi-matte | |
|
Embossed "Shagreen" | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Urea |
Smooth plain | |
|
Glossy | ||
|
Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
MCH-145 according to GOST 23760-79 |
Glossy and semi-gloss | |
|
Pentaphthalic and glyphthalic | ||
|
PF-115 according to GOST 6465-76 |
High gloss | |
|
PF-163 according to GOST 5971-78 |
Glossy | |
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
PF-223 according to GOST 14923-78 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
Deep matte | ||
|
Nitrocellulose | ||
|
NTs-11 according to GOST 9198-83 |
High gloss | |
|
NTs-184 according to GOST 18335-83 |
Glossy | |
|
NTs-25 according to GOST 5406-84 |
* With polishing.
Continuation
|
Material name |
Shine, coating texture |
Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 |
|
Glossy | ||
|
NTs-256 according to GOST 25515-82 | ||
|
NTs-5123 according to GOST 7462-73 |
Semi-gloss and semi-matte | |
|
Glossy | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
NTs-132 P according to GOST 6631-74 | ||
|
NTs-1125 according to GOST 7930-73 |
Semi-gloss and semi-matte | |
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
NTs-132 K according to GOST 6631-74 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Varnish NTs-134 with aluminum powder | ||
|
Epoxy and epoxy ester | ||
|
EP-148 according to GOST 10982-75 |
Glossy | |
|
Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
|
EP-140 according to GOST 24709-81 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
EP-51 according to GOST 9640-85 | ||
|
Semi-gloss and matte | ||
|
EP-773 according to GOST 23143-83 |
Semi-matte | |
|
Glossy | ||
|
Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
|
EF-1118 PG according to GOST 5971-78 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
EF-1118 PM according to GOST 5971-78 |
Semi-matte | |
|
EF-1118 M according to GOST 5971-78 | ||
|
EP-525 according to GOST 22438-85 | ||
|
EP-0010 according to GOST 10277-90 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
GF-1426 according to GOST 6745-79 |
Glossy | |
|
Smooth plain | ||
|
PF-115 according to GOST 6465-76 |
Glossy | |
|
PF-188 according to GOST 24784-81 | ||
|
PF-133 according to GOST 926-82 | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Deep matte | ||
|
GF-230 according to GOST 64-77 |
Semi-matte and semi-gloss | |
|
PF-218 according to GOST 21227-93 | ||
Continuation
|
Material name |
Shine, coating texture |
Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 |
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Lacquer PF-170 according to GOST 15907-70 with aluminum | ||
|
mini powder Etriphthalic | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Perchlorovinyl, polyvinyl chloride, copolymer-vinyl chloride | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
ХВ-110 according to GOST 18374-79 | ||
|
ХВ-113 according to GOST 18374-79 | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
ХВ-124 according to GOST 10144-89 |
Semi-matte | |
|
ХВ-1100 according to TU 6-10-1301-83 | ||
|
ХВ-785 according to GOST 7313-75 | ||
|
ХВ-125 according to GOST 10144-89 | ||
|
Matte and semi-matte | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Semi-matte and matte | ||
|
XC-119 according to GOST 21824-76 | ||
|
XC-119 E according to GOST 21824-76 | ||
|
EP-255 according to GOST 23599-79 |
Semi-gloss and semi-matte | |
|
Oil and alkyd styrene | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Polyester unsaturated | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
High gloss and high gloss | ||
|
Polyacrylic | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
High gloss | ||
|
AK-171 according to GOST 10982-75 |
Glossy | |
|
Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Glossy |
Continuation
|
Material name |
Shine, coating texture |
Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74 |
|
Glossy | ||
|
AS-182 according to GOST 19024-79 |
Glossy | |
|
Phenolic | ||
|
Glossy and semi-gloss | ||
|
Semi-matte | ||
|
Rubber | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
Polyvinyl acetal | ||
|
organosilicon | ||
|
Semi-gloss | ||
|
KO-88 according to GOST 23101-78 | ||
|
KO-811 according to GOST 23122-78 |
Semi-gloss and semi-matte | |
|
Semi-matte and matte | ||
|
Smooth plain | ||
|
KO-813 according to GOST 11066-74 |
Semi-gloss | |
|
Polyurethane | ||
|
High gloss | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Alkyd-urethane | ||
|
Glossy | ||
|
Oily |
Embossed "Moire" | |
|
Semi-matte and matte | ||
|
bituminous |
Smooth plain | |
|
Rosin | ||
|
Primer grade |
Primer grade |
The maximum achievable class according to GOST 9.032-74 for smooth monochromatic coatings |
|
|
V-ML-0143 according to GOST 24595-81 | |||
|
EF-083, EF-083 L | |||
|
AK-070 according to GOST 25718-83 | |||
|
GF-021 according to GOST 25129-82 | |||
|
GF-0119 according to GOST 25129-82 | |||
|
according to GOST 16302-79 | |||
|
FL-OZK according to GOST 9109-81 | |||
|
FL-03Zh according to GOST 9109-81 | |||
|
V L-02 according to GOST 12707-77 |
according to GOST 10277-90 | ||
|
VL-023 according to GOST 12707-77 | |||
Notes:
1. For smooth patterned and embossed coatings, using the above primers, a maximum coating class II can be achieved.
2. For putty coatings, the choice of primer does not depend on the required coating class.
3. The indicated classes of coatings can only be obtained in combination with paints and varnishes listed in Appendix 2.
APPENDICES 1-3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
SURFACE PREPARATION OPERATIONS, COLORING AND DRYING METHODS FOR OBTAINING DIFFERENT COATING CLASSES
|
coatings according to GOST 9.032-74 |
The operation of preparing the surface of products before painting in accordance with GOST 9.402-80 * |
staining method |
Coating drying method |
|
Degreasing Phosphating Passivation Chemical oxidation Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with abrasive paper No. 5-4 in accordance with GOST 10054-82 Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 6 in accordance with GOST 3647-80 |
Pneumatic spraying |
convective |
|
|
Degreasing |
Pneumatic dis- |
convective |
|
|
Phosphating |
Natural |
||
|
Passivation |
Spraying in an electro- |
Thermoradiation |
|
|
Etching Chemical oxidation Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with abrasive paper No. 6-5 in accordance with GOST 10054-82 Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 12 in accordance with GOST 3647-80 |
electrodeposition |
convective |
|
|
Degreasing |
Pneumatic dis- |
convective |
|
|
Phosphating |
Natural |
||
|
Passivation |
Spraying in an electro- |
T ermoradiation |
|
|
Etching |
Thermoradiation |
||
|
Chemical oxidation Anodic oxidation Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 25-6 according to GOST 10054-82 Hydrojet cleaning with sand no larger than 0.5 mm Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 25 according to GOST 3647-80 |
Spray coating with exposure to solvent vapors |
convective |
|
|
Degreasing Phosphating Passivation Etching Chemical oxidation Anode oxidation Mechanical cleaning with abrasive paper Shot blasting, shot blasting, hydrojet cleaning with a shot size of not more than 0.8 mm Mechanical cleaning with metal brushes Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum |
Pneumatic spraying Spraying in an electric field Electroplating Airless spray Spray coating with exposure to solvent vapors Dipping Pouring | ||
Notes:
1. Under coatings with putty, the operation of surface preparation before painting is not standardized.
2. It is allowed to use other surface preparation operations, except those indicated in the table, that provide the required quality of the painted metal surface in accordance with GOST 9.032-74 and other painting and drying methods that provide the required quality of the coating.
3. For class IV coatings, the number of abrasive paper and electrocornud is not regulated.
APPENDIX 5 Reference
TYPES OF HARMONIOUS COLOR COMBINATIONS
1. The use of the color of paint coatings to create the appropriate color solutions for products is determined by the psychological (emotional) and physiological impact on a person of individual colors and color combinations.
When choosing color combinations of coatings, their harmony should be the first and main condition.
2. To obtain harmonious color combinations, it is necessary that there is a certain relationship between colors (contrast or similarity between colors in terms of hue, lightness or saturation).
3. The relationship between colors is achieved using the principles of choosing color combinations along the color wheel (Fig. 1).
Color circle
J - yellow; ZHO - yellow-orange; O - orange; KO - red-orange; K - red; P - purple; FP - violet-purple; F - purple; C - blue; SZ - blue-green; 3 - green; ZhZ - yellow-green; I, II, III,
IV - color zones
4. When choosing color combinations, the characteristics of four psychologically optimal primary colors are taken into account - yellow (221), red (7), blue (427), green (324) and intermediate ones - orange, violet-purple, yellow-green.
5. Color combinations are divided into five main groups according to psychophysiological characteristics: contrasting, related, related-contrasting, equitonal, complex.
6. Contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors that have significant differences in hue, saturation and lightness.
Contrasting combinations are the most vivid and active in perception.
To enhance the contrast, the dimensions and configuration of the surface of coatings of different colors, their relative position are taken into account.
6.1. Contrasting colors in hue should be on opposite sides of the color wheel (Fig. 2). When combined, these colors, at the same saturation and lightness values, should enhance each other's saturation and be perceived as brighter.
6.2. Contrasting colors in lightness should differ significantly with the same color tone and saturation.
6.3. Contrasting colors in saturation should vary significantly with the same color tone and lightness.
7. Related combinations are characterized by the use of colors that are on the color wheel within two basic neighboring colors and containing their shades (Fig. 3). There are four types of related combinations: yellow-red, red-blue, blue-green, green-yellow.
Schemes of combinations of related colors
Related combinations are soft, slightly active, static in perception.
8. Related-contrasting combinations are characterized by the use of colors located on the color wheel in neighboring sectors and containing shades of one primary color and two adjacent primary colors (Fig. 4). There are four types of related-contrasting combinations: green-yellow-red, yellow-red-blue, red-blue-green, blue-green-yellow.
Schemes of related-contrasting color combinations
Related-contrasting colors are active, dynamic in perception.
9. Equivalent combinations are characterized by the use of colors of the same color tone with the same saturation, but different lightness; with one lightness, but different saturation; with different lightness and saturation.
10. Complex combinations are characterized by the use of chromatic colors with achromatic ones. Achromatic colors are in good agreement with chromatic colors at different and at equal
lightness.
11. Choosing harmonious color combinations for products according to paragraphs. 6-10 take into account: the correspondence of colors and their combinations to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the product, volume-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions and plasticity of the external shape of the product; information content and labor safety requirements; fashion color preferences; color-graphic scheme of the appearance of the product; characteristics of the texture and gloss of enamels of selected colors and the quality of the coating.
APPENDIX 6 Reference
EXAMPLE OF SELECTION OF COATINGS BY DECORATIVE PROPERTIES
1. The choice of paint and varnish material for finishing the cab of the projected truck model
2. In terms of decorative properties, the coating must correspond to the functional purpose and operating conditions of the car.
3. The color of the car cabin must be in contrast to the color of the environment (the color of the road, greenery, etc.). The cabin should be light or bright. Reflection of light from the paintwork of the cab (especially the roof) should be high (at least 60%) so that the cab is minimally heated by sunlight.
4. To ensure a favorable working environment for the driver, the color of the cab should not be dark, and the surface should be mirror-gloss. To quickly remove dirt, the texture must be smooth.
5. Volumetric-spatial structure, tectonics, dimensions, plasticity of the external shape of the designed cabin require its one-color painting with light or bright colors enamels. The color should be clean, unpolluted, bright, expressing the power of the machine, not causing negative emotions and unpleasant associations.
6. To create a variety of colors on the streets of cities, on roads, construction sites, etc., color should be among the colors that complement each other in the system of colors for road transport, construction and road machines.
7. The enamel of the selected color must be mass-produced.
8. The requirements of paragraphs. 2-7 correspond, for example, orange (121, 128) and yellow (285, 286) colors. Coverage class III in accordance with Appendix 1.
9. The car is operated in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate, polluted with road dust, dirt and subjected to periodic washing with hot and cold water using brushes. The turnaround time is 3 years, car maintenance is constant.
10. The specified operating conditions are satisfied by paint coatings obtained on the basis of melamine-alkyd enamel ML-12, perchlorovinyl enamel XV-110.
The coating system, consisting of two layers of ML-12 enamel applied to a primed surface, is stable in atmospheric conditions of a temperate and tropical climate for 3 years.
The coating system, consisting of two coats of XB-110 enamel applied to a phosphated and primed surface, is also stable in temperate and tropical climates for 3 years.
11. In terms of color, texture, gloss and class of enamel ML-12 and XV-110 meet the requirements: the color of enamel ML-12 is orange (121, 128), enamel XB-110 is yellow (285, 286), coatings are in accordance with the recommended Appendix 2 - smooth, glossy (ML-12), semi-gloss (ХВ-110), maximum achievable coating class II for ML-12 enamel and III for ХВ-110 enamel.
12. Taking into account the level of production of the painting department (production - serial, painting on flow conveyors by the method of pneumatic spraying or spraying in an electric field, drying in thermoradiation drying chambers at a temperature of 130 ° C), you should choose ML-12 enamel, which is applied by the specified method and has mode of thermoradiation drying at a temperature of 130 °C for 20 min.
XB-110 enamel is applied by pneumatic spraying and has a drying mode at a temperature of 18-23 ° C for 3 hours or at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1 hour.
Thus, for painting the designed model of a MAZ truck, ML-12 enamel according to GOST 9754-76 of orange color should be used (121, 128).
- GOST 22133-86 Coatings for metal-cutting, press-forging, foundry and woodworking equipment. General requirements
- GOST 22896-77 Paint coatings for electric locomotives of 1520 mm gauge mainline railways. Specifications
- GOST 23123-78 Enamel KO-83 silver. Specifications
- GOST 23738-85 Baths of autooperator lines for chemical, electrochemical surface treatment and coatings. Main parameters and dimensions
- GOST 23739-85 Autooperators of lines for chemical, electrochemical surface treatment and coatings. Main parameters and dimensions
- GOST 23790-79 Phosphate fire-retardant wood coating. Technical requirements
- GOST 23791-79 Fire-retardant phosphate coating on steel. Technical requirements
- GOST 23852-79 Paint coatings. General requirements for the selection of decorative properties
- GOST 24405-80 Silicate enamels (frits). Specifications
- GOST 24773-81 Surfaces with regular microrelief. Classification, parameters and characteristics
- GOST 25130-82 Intumescent fire-retardant wood coating VPD. Technical requirements
- GOST 25131-82 Intumescent fire-retardant steel coating VPM-2. Technical requirements
- GOST 25665-83 Fire-retardant phosphate coating on steel based on mineral fibers. Technical requirements
- GOST 27708-88 Protective polymeric materials and coatings decontaminated. Deactivation method
- GOST 27953-88 Detonation coatings. General requirements
- GOST 28302-89 Gas-thermal protective coatings of zinc and aluminum for metal structures. General requirements for a typical technological process
- GOST 28613-90 Paint coatings for bicycles, motorcycles, motor scooters, mopeds. General requirements and control methods
- GOST 28617-90 Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings for bicycles, motorcycles, motor scooters, mopeds. General requirements and control methods
- GOST 28844-90 Gas-thermal strengthening and restoring coatings. General requirements
- GOST 29016-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Instrument for testing with acids and neutral liquids and their vapors
- GOST 29017-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels for sheet steel. Making samples for testing
- GOST 29019-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Instrument for determining the resistance to hot solutions of detergents used for washing textiles
- GOST 29020-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Determination of resistance to boiling citric acid
- GOST 29021-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Determination of resistance to citric acid at room temperature
- GOST 29022-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Determination of resistance to boiling water and steam
- GOST 29023-91 Vitreous and porcelain enamels. Determination of resistance to hot detergent solutions used for washing textiles
- GOST 29130-91 Coatings, protective and decorative fittings for light industry products. General requirements
- GOST 6572-91 Paint coatings for tractors and agricultural machines. General technical requirements
- GOST 9.005-72 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metals, alloys, metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Permissible and impermissible contacts with metals and non-metals
- GOST 9.014-78 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Temporary anticorrosive protection of products. General requirements
- GOST 9.028-74 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Interoperational anticorrosive protection of blanks, parts and assembly units of metal products. General requirements
- GOST 9.031-74 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Anode-oxide coatings of semi-finished products from aluminum and its alloys. General requirements and control methods
- GOST 9.032-74 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations
- GOST 9.053-75 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Non-metallic materials and products with their application. Test method for microbiological stability under natural conditions in the atmosphere
- GOST 9.056-75 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Steel hulls of ships and vessels. General requirements for electrochemical protection during long-term shutdown
- GOST 9.067-76 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Rubbers for products operating under conditions of thermal and light-ozone aging. Technical requirements
- GOST 9.068-76 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Sealing materials. Test methods for resistance to liquid aggressive media
- GOST 9.071-76 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Rubbers for products operating in liquid aggressive environments. Technical requirements
- GOST 9.104-79 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Operating condition groups
- GOST 9.105-80 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Classification and main parameters of staining methods
- GOST 9.301-86 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements
- GOST 9.303-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General selection requirements
- GOST 9.304-87 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Coatings are thermal. General requirements and control methods
- GOST 9.305-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Operations of technological processes for obtaining coatings
- GOST 9.306-85 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Notation
- GOST 9.308-85 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Accelerated Corrosion Test Methods
- GOST 9.309-86 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Coatings are galvanic. Determination of the scattering power of electrolytes in the preparation of coatings
- GOST 9.311-87 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. Method for assessing corrosion damage
- GOST 9.312-89 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Protective coatings. Methods for determining heat resistance
- GOST 9.313-89 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings on plastics. General requirements and technological operations
- GOST 9.314-90 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Water for electroplating production and washing schemes. General requirements
- GOST 9.315-91 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Hot aluminum coatings. General requirements and control methods
- GOST 9.401-91 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. General requirements and accelerated test methods for resistance to climatic factors
- GOST 9.402-2004 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Preparation of metal surfaces for painting
- GOST 9.402-80 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Preparation of metal surfaces before painting
- GOST 9.405-83 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Method for determining the stoving mode
- GOST 9.406-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Organosilicate coatings. Technical requirements and test methods
- GOST 9.407-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Appearance evaluation method
- GOST 9.410-88 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Polymeric powder coatings. Typical technological processes
- GOST 9.502-82 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metal corrosion inhibitors for water systems. Corrosion test methods
- GOST 9.504-85 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paper-based packaging materials. Protective capability test method