Is transportation allowed? I. explanatory note of the main program of vocational training, the program of vocational training for the profession of a driver of a car of category “B. How should a truck be equipped?

1. Allowed only with rear-view mirrors on both sides vehicle.

2. Allowed subject to additional measures precautions.

3. Not allowed.

5. Is it allowed to transport cargo if it makes it difficult to control or violates the stability of the vehicle?

1. Not allowed.

2. Allowed only when driving at a speed of not more than 30 km/h.

3. Allowed with additional precautions.

6. Is shipping allowed if it covers the license plate light?

1. Allowed.

2. Not allowed.

7. If during the trip the cargo began to close the external lighting fixtures vehicle and there is no way to eliminate this violation, the driver must:

1. Continue driving only to the parking place, observing the necessary precautions.

2. Continue driving at a speed of no more than 30 km/h.

3. Stop further movement.

8. In which case is shipping allowed?

1. The load makes noise.

2. Cargo pollutes the road.

3. The load restricts the passenger's view.

9. Is it required to designate a load protruding from the side of the passenger car by 0.3 m?

1. Required.

2. Not required.

3. Required only at night.

10. How should the cargo protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m be marked during daylight hours?

2. Identification marks " Oversized cargo».

3. Front light white color, and behind - a lantern of red color.

4. Front with white reflector, rear with red reflector.

11. How should the load protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m, in the dark, be marked?

1. Identification marks "Other hazards".

2. Front with a white lantern and rear with a red lantern.

3. Front with white reflector, rear with red reflector.

4. Identification signs "Oversized cargo", as well as lights or reflectors (in front - white, and behind - red).

12. Carriage of cargo is prohibited if it:

1.Protrudes more than 1 m beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front and behind.

2..Closes external lighting devices, retroreflectors, registration and identification marks.

3. Installed on the passenger seat.

13. What color lantern or retroreflector should be used to designate a load protruding from the side of the vehicle by more than 0.4 m, at night or in conditions of insufficient visibility?

1. The front is white and the back is red.

2. Front yellow color and the back is red.

14. In which of the following cases should the movement of a vehicle with a load be carried out in accordance with special rules?

1. The load protrudes beyond the rear end of the vehicle's clearance by more than 2 m.

2. The load protrudes beyond the rear end of the vehicle's clearance by more than 2.55 m.

15. Is it allowed to the driver of a vehicle carrying bulky cargo with a flashing yellow or orange color, deviate from the requirements of road markings?

1. Permitted in all cases.

2. Not allowed.

3. Permitted subject to security traffic.

16. In what case is the movement of the vehicle prohibited?

1. The tightness of the engine crankcase ventilation system is broken.

2. In the event of a failure of the coupling device as part of a road train.

3. The power steering provided by the design is faulty or missing.

17. Drivers who have the right to drive vehicles of category "B" can also drive them if there is a trailer, the permitted maximum mass of which does not exceed:

18. How does driving with a trailer without brake system the stopping distance of the car?

1. The length of the braking distance increases.

2.No effect.

3. The length of the braking distance is reduced due to the additional resistance to movement that the trailer provides.

19. At the turn, the trailer of the road train is shifted:

1. No displacement occurs.

2. To the center of the turn.

3.From the center of the turn.

20. Vehicle stability is:

1. The quality of the car, characterized by the size of the smallest turning radius and the dimensions of the car.

2. Ability to resist skidding and rollover under various road conditions and under high speeds movement.

3.It operational property car, allowing the driver to drive the car when least cost mental and physical energy, when performing maneuvers in terms of maintaining or setting the direction of movement.

The requirements for the results of mastering the Program are formed on the basis of the qualification requirements for the driver of vehicles of category "B". The requirements for the results of mastering the programs describe the requirements for the skills acquired in the course of mastering the work program, indicate the acquired knowledge, on the basis of which skills are formed and practical experience in driving a vehicle is acquired.

The structure and content of the programs are represented by the curriculum, thematic plans for academic subjects, work programs for academic subjects.

The curriculum contains a list subjects indicating the amount of time allotted for the development of subjects, including the amount of time allotted for theoretical and practical training.

In the thematic plan for the subject, the sequence of studying sections and topics is revealed, the distribution of teaching hours by sections and topics is indicated.

AT work program of the subject, the content of the subject is given, taking into account the requirements for the results of mastering the whole program of training drivers of vehicles of categories.

Whole studying proccess can be divided into two components: theoretical and practical training. The theoretical part is subdivided into a basic and a special cycle and includes the following disciplines: "Fundamentals of legislation in the field of traffic", "Psychophysiological foundations of the driver's activity", "Fundamentals of driving vehicles", "Design and Maintenance vehicles as objects of control”, “First aid in case of a traffic accident” in an equipped specialized room for the device and maintenance of vehicles, according to the Rules of the Road, the basics of driving a vehicle and road safety, the rules for providing first aid medical care.

The practical part provides for driving lessons on specially equipped training vehicles. Practical classes are held on the site and along the developed routes for training driving.
Requirements to staffing educational process:

Teacher:
Higher professional education or secondary vocational education in the field of study "Education and Pedagogy" or in the field corresponding to the subject taught, without presenting requirements for work experience or higher vocational education or secondary vocational education and additional vocational education in the field of activity in educational institution no requirement for work experience.

Master of industrial training:
Higher vocational education or secondary vocational education in areas corresponding to the profiles of study, and additional vocational education in the field of study "Education and Pedagogy" without presenting requirements for work experience.

Rights and obligations of organizations providing training for drivers of vehicles.

The organization providing driver training is obliged to:

• 
  in the work programs for driver training, provide for the implementation of the content " Sample program professional training of drivers of vehicles of category "B"".

• 
  change the sequence of studying sections and topics of the subject subject to the implementation of the program of the subject;
• 
  increase the number of hours devoted to both the study of subjects and driving instruction, introducing additional topics and exercises that take into account regional characteristics;

Training groups for the training of drivers are created by the number of no more than established in accordance with the license obtained for this unit.

Accounting for class attendance, academic performance and topics covered is maintained by teachers and masters of industrial training in the relevant accounting documentation.

The duration of the academic hour of theoretical and practical classes - 1 academic hour, driving lessons - 1 astronomical hour, including time for debriefing, paperwork.

Theoretical and practical training is carried out in equipped classrooms using educational, methodological and visual aids in accordance with the List teaching materials for driver training.

During practical training in the subject "First Aid", students should be able to perform first aid (self-help) techniques for victims on the roads.

Driving training is carried out outside the grid of training time by the master of industrial training individually with each trainee in accordance with the schedule of the order of driving training (on a training vehicle). Driving instruction consists of initial driving instruction and practical driving instruction on training routes in real traffic conditions.

Persons who have initial driving skills, who have submitted a medical certificate of the established form and who know the requirements of the Rules of the Road are allowed to learn practical driving on training routes.

At a driving lesson, the master of industrial training must have with him: a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category, a document for the right to learn to drive a vehicle of this category.

Practical driving training is carried out on a training vehicle, equipped in the prescribed manner and bearing the markings "Training vehicle", on the site for training driving and on training routes approved by the organization that trains drivers and agreed with the traffic police.

When practicing driving exercises, it is envisaged to carry out work on the control inspection of a training vehicle.

Each task of the driving training program is divided into separate exercises, which are developed by the organization that provides driver training and approved by its leader.

To test the skills of driving a vehicle, a control lesson is provided.

The control lesson is held on the site for training driving. During the lesson, the quality of the acquired driving skills is checked by performing appropriate exercises.

Persons who received an unsatisfactory grade at the end of the control lesson are not allowed to perform subsequent tasks.
In the subjects "Arrangement and maintenance of vehicles" and "First aid" a test is carried out.

Upon completion of the training, a final certification is carried out. The composition of the certification commission is determined and approved by the head of the organization that trains drivers of vehicles.

The main types of certification tests are: a comprehensive exam and a practical exam in driving a vehicle.

A comprehensive exam is held in the subjects "Fundamentals of legislation in the field of traffic" and "Fundamentals of safe driving."

Exam and tests are conducted using exam tickets developed in an organization that trains drivers of vehicles on the basis of the Program approved by the head of this organization.

You have 4 hours to take the exam. When conducting exams using automated systems, the time allotted for the exam is reduced to the actual time spent.

The practical driving test is conducted in two stages. The first stage is held in a closed area, the second stage - on the control route in real traffic conditions.

The results of the final certification are documented in a protocol.

Based on the results of a positive final certification, a certificate of completion of training of the current sample is issued.

When learning to drive in a vehicle equipped with automatic transmission gear shifting, a corresponding entry is made in the certificate of completion of training.

The issuance of a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle is carried out by the traffic police after passing qualifying state exams.

The driver of the vehicle must know:

• 
  rules of the road, the basics of driving a vehicle and traffic safety;
• 
  influence weather conditions(rain, fog, ice, etc.) on traffic safety and ways to prevent traffic accidents;
• 
  liability for violation of the Rules of the road and the operation of mechanical vehicles, environmental pollution;
• 
  purpose, location, device, principle of operation of the main mechanisms and devices of the car;
• 
  signs of malfunctions of mechanisms and devices of the car that occur along the way, and ways to eliminate them using the available tool;
• 
  safety regulations when checking the technical condition of the car and handling operating materials(gasoline, electrolyte, coolants and brake fluids, oils);
• 
  techniques and sequence of actions in the provision of first aid to victims of road traffic accidents.

• 
  observe the Rules of the road and prevent traffic accidents;
• 
  drive a car in various road and meteorological conditions;
• 
  check the technical condition of the car before leaving;
• 
  eliminate minor operational malfunctions that have arisen during work on the line that do not require disassembly of the mechanisms;
• 
  provide self-help and first aid to victims of road traffic accidents, comply with the requirements for their transportation.

Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo in urban, suburban and intercity communications is carried out in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods by car(approved by the Government Decree Russian Federation dated April 15, 2011 No. 272), issued in pursuance of the Federal Law dated November 8, 2007 No. 259-FZ "Charter of road transport and urban surface electric transport" (hereinafter referred to as the Charter) and have the same scope as the Charter , i.e. regulate relations arising in the provision of services by road transport.

In the case of transportation of oversized and heavy cargo carried out to meet the own needs of legal entities and individuals on vehicles that they own on legal grounds, contractual relations do not arise. Therefore, these transportations are still the scope of the Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road on the roads of the Russian Federation (approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia on May 27, 1996). Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated July 24, 2012 No. 258 in the specified Instruction changes have been made.

The same order approved the procedure for issuing a special permit for the movement of a vehicle transporting oversized and heavy cargo on highways, provided for in Article 31 of the Federal Law of November 8, 2007 No. 257-FZ "On highways and on road activities in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation".

Rules for the transportation of oversized cargo by road

Oversized transportation allowed only in cases where a number of conditions are met (clause 23.3. SDA):

• The load does not impair the driver's view;
• Does not render negative impact on the stability of the vehicle;
• Does not cover reflectors, lighting devices, identification marks, does not interfere with the perception of signals given to the driver by hand;
• Does not create noise, does not raise dust during transportation, does not harm the road and the environment.

If one of these conditions is violated while driving, it is the driver's task to eliminate the violation. If for any reason this is not possible, it is necessary to stop the movement, otherwise you will be issued shipping fee oversized cargo.

Table of penalties

There are also special identification marks, which in without fail must be installed on the cargo in cases (clause 23.4. SDA):
"If the load exceeds the dimensions of the vehicle and protrudes from the rear or front by more than 1 meter, or from the side by more than 40 centimeters, it must be marked with the sign "Oversized cargo".
" If transportation takes place at night or in low light conditions, then in addition to the above rules, you must also observe the following: attach a white reflector or a lantern to the load in front; a red reflector in the back. If these rules are not observed, traffic safety is violated and a fine for oversized.

There are specially designed regulations movements that come into force in cases where the vehicle, with or without cargo, exceeds 2.55 meters in width, 4 meters in height, 20 meters in length.
The vehicle must be equipped with identification

signs "Oversized cargo" and flashing beacons (yellow and orange).

The following traffic features relate to speed limits. Thus, the speed of movement on roads should not exceed 60 kilometers per hour and 15 km/h when driving on bridges. In addition, the driver is prohibited from deviating from a pre-planned route, which is agreed with special authorities.

CARGO REGULATIONS

Transportation of bulky and heavy cargo

Shipping oversized and heavy cargo on motor roads is carried out in a permissive manner, based on bearing capacity roads and buildings. At the same time, goods allowed for transportation, depending on their weight and size, are divided into two categories. In this case, the cargo means the vehicle itself (loaded or not) with the allowable:

• axial load on each axle;
• dimensions in height, width or length.

Accordingly, a heavy load means a vehicle whose mass (with or without a load) or axle mass exceeds at least one of the established parameters, and a bulky load is a vehicle whose dimensions (with or without a load) in height, width or length exceed at least one of the set values.

Main normative document regulating the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo is the Instruction of the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo by road on the roads of the Russian Federation dated May 27, 1996 (as amended on November 12, 2012). In addition, oversized and heavy cargo must be transported in accordance with the requirements of the Russian Federation Road Traffic Rules, the rules for the carriage of goods and additional requirements specified in the permit for the carriage of goods.

Transportation by road of bulky and heavy cargo can be carried out only on the basis of special permits issued in the established > "order.

Applications for obtaining permits for the transportation of oversized or heavy cargo, depending on the type of intended transportation (international, interregional or local), the category of oversized and heavy cargo and the location of the carrier's vehicle, are submitted to the relevant road authorities, from the territory whose service the route begins vehicle movement.

Applications for obtaining permits for international transportation of bulky and heavy cargo of all categories are submitted to the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation or its subdivision (authorized body).

Applications for obtaining permits for interregional and local transportation along a route passing entirely or partially along federal roads, for bulky and heavy cargo of all categories, are submitted to the federal highway management authority closest to the point from which the transportation route begins.

Applications for obtaining permits for interregional and local transportation of bulky and heavy cargo of all categories along a route passing entirely along the roads of objects of the Russian Federation are submitted to the territorial authorities of highways at the location of the carrier's vehicle.

An application for obtaining a permit for the transportation of bulky or heavy cargo is submitted to the body authorized to issue the appropriate permits.

The information provided in the application is certified by the signature of the head or deputy head and the seal of the organization or signature individual carrying out transportation.

An application for the carriage of goods is submitted in the form, the established Instruction for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road. It must contain all required by organizations coordinating the transportation, information about the nature and category of cargo, the parameters of the mass and dimensions of the vehicle, the estimated time of transportation, the route of movement and other information.

Depending on the category of transported goods, the type and nature of transportation, owners or users of vehicles carrying bulky and heavy cargo can obtain one-time permits or permits for a certain (specific) period.

One-time permits are issued for one transportation of cargo along a certain (specific) route within the time periods specified in the permit.

Permits for a fixed period are issued only for the transportation of goods of the first category for a period of 1 to 3 months or for a certain amount of this type of transportation during the time specified in the application, but not more than 3 months.

Together with an application for a permit for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo of the second category, a diagram of the road train is submitted with the image on it of all vehicles participating in the transportation, the number of axles and wheels on them, the relative position of the wheels and axles, the distribution of the load along the axles and on individual wheels with taking into account the possible uneven distribution of the load along the length of the axle.

Coordination of all transportations of bulky and heavy cargoes along the entire route of movement with the authorities of highways, balance holders of artificial structures and communications, branches railways(bridges, overpasses, railway crossings, metro lines, underground pipelines and cables, air lines power supply and communications, etc.), services, authorized bodies of the subject of the Russian Federation or bodies local government manage the road network of cities and other settlements, is carried out by the road authority issuing the permit.

After obtaining permission, the carrier coordinates this transportation with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. GUVD. ATC of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, on the territory, the service of which the transportation route begins (Appendix 3 to this paragraph). When agreed, it is determined special requirements to the procedure for the transportation of goods, based on the conditions for ensuring road safety, and a special pass is issued that gives the right to move the vehicle. The pass is placed in the lower right corner windshield vehicle.

Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo of the second category in settlements is carried out during the period of the lowest traffic intensity, and outside settlements - during daylight hours. At night, on roads outside settlements, as well as during heavy traffic during daylight hours, transportation is allowed only if the cargo is accompanied.

When agreeing on a permit for the transportation of goods, the traffic police determines the need and type of escort.

Accompanying can be carried out:

• cover car and (or) tractor;
• patrol car of the State traffic inspectorate.

Escort by a cover vehicle is mandatory in all cases when:

• the width of the vehicle with a load exceeds 3.5 m;
• the length of the road train is more than 24 m;
• in other cases, when in the permission in the column " Special conditions movement” it is written that the movement through any artificial structure is allowed in a single order, or other conditions are indicated that require a prompt change in the organization of traffic on the route of cargo transportation.

Cover car(s), as well as tractors (depending on the cargo being transported and road conditions) are allocated by the cargo carrier or consignor.

Participation in escorting a patrol car of the State traffic inspectorate is necessary if:

• vehicle width exceeds 4.0 m;
• the length of the road train exceeds 30.0 m;
• the vehicle, when moving, is forced to at least partially occupy the lane of oncoming traffic;
• in the process of transportation, it is assumed that it is necessary to promptly change the organization of traffic in order to ensure the safety of travel;
• cargo belongs to the second category.

In other cases, the need for escort is determined by the traffic police based on road conditions, traffic intensity and the composition of the traffic flow.

A car with an orange or yellow flashing beacon is used as a cover vehicle.

The cover car must move in front at a distance of 10-20 m with a ledge on the left side in relation to the escorted vehicle carrying large and heavy cargo, i.e. in such a way that its dimension in width protrudes beyond the dimension of the escorted vehicle. When passing through bridge structures, the movement of the cover vehicle (distance, position on the bridge, etc.) is carried out in accordance with the agreed scheme.

The speed of movement during the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo is set by the traffic police, taking into account the requirements of other organizations that have agreed on the transportation.

The speed of movement should not exceed 60 km/h on roads, and 15 km/h on bridge structures. In this case, the permitted mode of movement may have a variable character on different areas route.

During the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo, it is prohibited:

• deviate from the established route;
• exceed the speed specified in the permit;
• to carry out movement during ice, as well as with meteorological visibility of less than 100 m;
• move along the side of the road, if such an order is not determined by the conditions of carriage:
• stop outside specially marked parking lots located off the road;
• continue transportation in the event of a technical malfunction of the vehicle that threatens traffic safety;
• travel on a flight without a permit, with an expired or incorrectly issued permit for transportation, in the absence of signatures of the officials indicated in it;
• make additional entries in the permit for the transportation of bulky or heavy cargo.

If during the movement circumstances arise that require a change in the route, the carrier must obtain permission to move along the new route in the prescribed manner.

The technical condition of vehicles used for transportation must meet the requirements of the Rules of the Road, the Basic Provisions for the Admission of Vehicles to Operation and the Duties of Officials to Ensure Road Safety, the Rules technical operation rolling stock of road transport, manufacturers' instructions, as well as Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo.

It is forbidden to use wheeled tractors as tractors for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargoes on federal roads, and caterpillar tractors on all highways with improved surface.

It is not allowed to transport heavy loads by a vehicle (tractor) when the mass of the towed trailer (semi-trailer) with the load exceeds the technical standards established by the manufacturer.

The braking system of the road train must operate from the brake pedal of the tractor vehicle and ensure such a distribution of braking forces between its links so that during braking the possibility of “folding” the road train is excluded.

Towing vehicles designed to work with trailers must be equipped with a device that allows, in the event of a rupture of the connecting lines between the tractor and its trailer (semi-trailer), to brake the vehicle with a service or emergency brake.

Trailers (semi-trailers) must be equipped with a parking brake that ensures the retention of a loaded trailer (semi-trailer) disconnected from the vehicle on a slope of at least 16% with a service brake acting on all wheels, and a device that provides automatic stop in case of a break in the connecting lines with the towing vehicle.

When transporting heavy loads, it is necessary to have at least two wheel chocks for each link of the road train in order to additionally fix the wheels in the event of a forced stop on a slope.

The cab of the vehicle must be equipped with at least two outside rear-view mirrors on both sides, which must provide the driver with sufficient visibility, both in straight and curved traffic, taking into account the dimensions of the vehicle and the cargo carried.

Vehicles carrying bulky and heavy cargo must be equipped with identification signs "Road train", "Oversized cargo" and "Long-sized vehicle" in accordance with the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles for operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety and Rules of the Road.

Vehicles carrying bulky and heavy cargo must be equipped with special light signals (flashing beacons) of orange or yellow.

If the height of the vehicle is more than 4.0 m, the cargo carrier is obliged to carry out a control measurement of the height under overpasses and other artificial structures and communications on the transportation route.

Control over compliance with the rules for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo, permissible weight parameters and dimensions of vehicles is carried out by road authorities, authorities Federal Service on supervision in the field of transport and traffic police.

Carriers of bulky and heavy cargo are required to:

• comply with the requirements set forth in the Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road on the roads of the Russian Federation;
• provide, at the request of the traffic police inspector, vehicles for weight control;
• present, at the request of regulatory authorities, permits for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo, licenses and other required documents;
• be strictly guided additional requirements and the route of movement specified in the permit;
• prevent damage to road and other engineering structures along the route;
• comply with the requirements of the authorities exercising control over the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo by road, within the powers of these authorities.

Drivers and officials, owners or users of vehicles are liable, in accordance with applicable law, for violation of the rules for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo and the rules for the operation of vehicles established by manufacturers.

In case of detention of vehicles carrying bulky and heavy cargo for violation of established requirements payment for the stay of the vehicle in a paid parking lot is carried out by the carrier.

If the violation of the established procedure for the transportation of oversized or heavy cargo has led to damage to roads, road structures and communications along the route of the cargo, the owners or users of vehicles are obliged, at the request of the road authorities or owners (balance holders) of structures and communications, to compensate them for their losses in the manner prescribed by law .

Drivers, owners or users of vehicles have the right to appeal against the illegal actions of officials exercising control over the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo in the prescribed manner.

Parameters of vehicles of category 1 and 2

I. Parameters of a motor vehicle, above which it belongs to category 1

1. Classification of vehicles (ATS), depending on
from axial masses, is divided into two groups:

Group A - vehicles with axle weights of the most loaded axle over 6 tons up to and including 10 tons, intended for operation on roads of categories I - III, as well as on roads of category IV, the pavement of which is built or reinforced for an axle weight of 10 tons.

Group B - vehicles with axial masses of the most loaded axle up to 6 tons inclusive, intended for operation on all roads.

2. Axial and total masses of vehicles

2.1. The axle weight of two-axle vehicles and two-axle bogies must not exceed the values ​​given in Table 1.

Table I

Notes.

1) "*" - for containers - 9.0.

2) It is allowed to increase the axle weight when the distance between the axles of a two-axle bogie for motor vehicles of group A is more than 1.35 to 1.65 m inclusive up to 9.0 tons, if the axle weight per adjacent axle does not exceed 6.0 tons.

3) For vehicles of groups A and B, designed before 1995, with a distance between axles of not more than 1.32 m, axle weights of 8.0 tons and 5.5 tons, respectively, are allowed.

2.2 Axle mass of three-axle bogies of motor vehicles

should not exceed the values ​​given in table 2.

table 2

Note. The data given in table. 2 apply to three-axle bogies, in which adjacent axles are at a distance of at least 0.4 m. distances between extreme axes.

2.3 The total weight of the vehicle must not exceed the values ​​given in Table 3.

Table 3

Notes.

2) The limit values ​​of the total mass of vehicles are permissible with their uniform distribution along the axles with a deviation in axle loads of no more than 35.8, and for the front axle no more than 40.8.

2.4 When driving on bridge structures, the total mass of vehicles should not exceed the values ​​given in Table 4.

table 4

Notes.

1) For single vehicles (tractors), it is not allowed to exceed the total mass of more than 30 tons.

2) The limit values ​​of the total mass of vehicles are permissible with their uniform distribution along the axles with a deviation in axle loads of no more than 35.8 tons, and for the front axle no more than 40.8.

3. PBX dimensions

3.1. The length of the vehicle must not exceed:

Single vehicles and trailers 12.0 m; and

Road trains in the composition of the "car-trailer" "car-semi-trailer" - 20.0 m; f,

3.2. The overall dimensions of the vehicle in width should not exceed 2.5 m; for refrigerators and isothermal bodies, 2.6 m is allowed.

Outside the permitted dimension in width, protrusions may

Anti-skid devices put on wheels;

Rear-view mirrors, awning fasteners designed in such a way that they can deviate, while entering the clearance;

Tires near road contact, elastic fenders, wheel mudguards and other parts made of elastic material, provided that these structural elements or equipment protrude beyond the dimensions of no more than 0.05 m on any side.

3.3. The height of the PBX must not exceed 4.0 m.

Large-sized vehicles also include vehicles that include two or more trailers (semi-trailers), regardless of the width and total length of the road train.

II. vehicle parameters,

under which it belongs to category 2

1. When driving vehicles on bridge structures With masses and axle loads specified in table 5, they

Table 5

* Axle load value refers to traffic on wooden bridges.

The rules for the carriage of passengers in the SDA are given special attention, since the car has always been considered a source of increased danger. Changes are made to this section from time to time, especially if the death rate of passengers in road accidents increases for one reason or another. The requirements for the carriage of passengers are specified in paragraph 22 of the Rules.

Disembarkation and embarkation of passengers

The driver of the vehicle should disembark and alight passengers only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. Driving is only permitted with the doors fully closed.

This rule is mandatory, but not all drivers comply with it, starting off even when the passenger door of the vehicle is open.

In this situation, there is a violation of more than one rule, since the driver of the vehicle and passengers are required to buckle up before the start of movement.

Transportation of passengers in a car

Paragraph 22.8 of the SDA establishes the following restrictions:

• in any type of vehicle, except for the carriage of passengers in a van body or the body of a cargo transport vehicle with an onboard platform, it is prohibited to carry passengers outside the cabin or additional structures for motorcycles;

• it is unacceptable to transport people in an amount exceeding the allowable characteristics of the norm.

At the first point, some drivers periodically close their eyes, carrying people not only in the cab of the car, but also on the hoods, in the trunk, on the roof of the vehicle. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the blame for the death of passengers in the event of their death will fall only on the driver who did not take care of ensuring their safety.

The fine for violation of the rules for the carriage of passengers is 1000 rubles.

To fulfill the second paragraph, a limited number of seats is provided for in the case of cars or a restriction on technical specifications for large public transport such as buses, trolleybuses or trams.

For the transportation of an additional person in a car, a fine of 500 rubles is provided in accordance with Article 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. Also, the inspector has the right to issue an additional fine for carrying a passenger without using a seat belt.

Violation of the rule for the carriage of passengers can be observed in a situation where there are 6 people in the car instead of 5, and there is no seat belt for the sixth person, which means he will not be able to use protection.

Rules for ensuring the safety of passenger transportation

From January 2012, seat belts are mandatory for all types of vehicles.

In accordance with clause 2.1.2 of the SDA, drivers are required to carry their passengers using safety belts, and if there is an unfastened passenger, do not start moving.

In the case when children under the age of 12 are transported, the driver needs to install a special restraint in the cabin that can securely fix the small passenger. A child may only be transported in the front seat using child seat. At the same time, it is forbidden to transport a child in the back seat of a motorcycle.

Rules for the transportation of people in the back of a truck

in the body truck Passengers can only be transported by a driver who has a driving license of category C or subcategory C1 for 3 years or more.

If more than 8, but not more than 16 people are transported in the back of a truck, taking into account the driver and passengers in the cab, then the driver must have category B or subcategory D1. In case of transportation of more than 16 people, taking into account the driver and passengers inside the cabin, only category D is required.

As for the flatbed truck, then with special equipment it is allowed to transport adults. Transportation of children is prohibited. If the onboard platform is not equipped for the carriage of passengers, then travel in such a body is permissible only for persons accompanying the cargo or traveling to receive the latter. But then you need an equipped seat lower than the level of the sides.

Should not be carried in the back of a truck more people than allowed by the specifications or more than available seats.

Before starting the movement, the truck driver is obliged to instruct passengers on the rules for boarding, disembarking, positioning and behavior in the body.

Rules for the carriage of passengers in buses

Organized transportation of children is allowed only in special buses, which have identification marks "Transportation of children".

The driver should remember that he himself must ensure the life and health of his passengers, since this responsibility lies with him.

Video: Rules for the carriage of passengers by road

AT passenger car cargo can be transported in the cabin, and in the trunk, and on the trunk. But subject to certain requirements.

1. Transportation of cargo is prohibited if it limits the driver's view.

If the load being transported obscures the rear view, this is only permissible if the vehicle is equipped with exterior rear-view mirrors on both sides.

However, if the cargo closes the view on the right or left, or, God forbid, in front, then the transportation of such cargo is strictly prohibited.

2. Transportation of cargo is prohibited if it makes it difficult to drive a vehicle.

To place the load, the driver pushed his seat forward a lot.

Now it will be difficult to drive a car. And, therefore, such transportation of goods is prohibited.

3. Transportation of cargo is prohibited if it violates the stability of the vehicle.

The vehicle is sensitive to a shift in the center of gravity. If the load is heavy, then with this arrangement the car will inevitably pull to the left.

And it’s better not to talk about turns or turns.

This is how to arrange the load - it's smart. And it does not contradict the requirements of the Rules.

4. Transportation of cargo is prohibited if it covers external lighting devices, as well as registration or identification marks.

I can't imagine the load that covers the headlights, and even more so, the front numbers. That is, you can imagine it - let's say the load on the trunk and hangs down to the ground. But in this case, the load necessarily closes the driver's view. And this alone is enough to make such transportation impossible.

But if the cargo closes rear numbers and block rear parking lights, then it does not interfere with movement.

But the Rules for such transportation of goods is prohibited.

5. Transportation of cargo is prohibited if it interferes with the perception of hand signals.

The rules refer to the situation when the direction indicators or brake lights fail on the way, and you need to somehow get to your destination. In this case, as you already know, the driver is required to give hand signals. So, if the cargo being transported prevents other drivers from seeing these signals, further movement is prohibited.

6. Shipping is prohibited if it is noisy, dusty and polluting environment.

One can imagine how a cargo can dust or pollute the environment. But how he can make noise, by God, I don’t know.

7. If the cargo protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle.

less than 1 meter ,

If the load protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind more than 1 meter , then…

... during daylight hours, the cargo both in front and behind must be marked with identification signs "Oversized cargo" ...

... and at night or in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition to the sign, the cargo must be marked in front with a lantern or a white reflector, and in the back - with a lantern or a red reflector.

If the performance behind more than 2 meters, the transportation of such cargo must be agreed with the traffic police department, on the territory of which the transportation route begins. That is, for you and me, this simply means that the transportation of such cargo is prohibited.

Interestingly, the Rules did not limit the protrusion of the cargo in front. And, therefore, here the driver needs to be guided by common sense.

8. If the cargo protrudes from the side of the vehicle.

As for the protrusion of the load from the side, here the Rules set a difficult task for the drivers. It is necessary to measure the distance from extreme point the size of the car, and from the edge side light.

If the protrusion of the load from the edge of the marker light does not exceed 0.4 meters, and the total width of the load no more than 2.55 meters, nothing to worry about. You can safely carry such a load.

If the protrusion of the cargo from the edge of the side light exceeds 0.4 meters, but the width of the cargo is not more than 2.55 meters, such cargo is allowed to be transported. It just needs to be marked.

During daylight hours, such cargo must be marked on both sides with identification marks "Oversized cargo".

At night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, the cargo, in addition to signs, must be marked in front with white lights or retroreflectors, and in the back with red lights or retroreflectors.

If the width of the load exceeds 2.55 meters (regardless of how much it protrudes from the side), consider that the carriage of such a load is prohibited.