GOST 30108-94

Group G19

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Determination of specific effective activity natural radionuclides

Building materials and elements. Determination of specific activity of natural radioactive nuclei

MKS 91.100.01
OKSTU 5907

Introduction date 1995-01-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstroysyrye Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

Voted to accept:

Amendment No. 1 was adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS) on 10.12.97

Amendment No. 2 was adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS) on May 17, 2000

Registered by the IGU Standards Bureau N 3691

Voted for the change:

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO FORCE January 1, 1995 as state standard of the Russian Federation by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia of June 30, 1994 N 18-48

5 EDITION (March 2007) with Amendment No. 1, adopted in February 1998, December 2000 (IUS 5-98, 5-2001)

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) and building products (facing plates, decorative and other products made of natural stone, brick and wall stones), as well as waste industrial production used directly as building materials or as raw materials for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for assessing building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A, and the procedure for monitoring.

2 Normative references

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 8.326-89 * State system measurements. Metrological certification of measuring instruments.
________________
PR 50.2.009-94 **.
** PR 50.2.009-94 was declared invalid on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia dated November 30, 2009 N 1081. - Database manufacturer's note.

GOST 8.513-84 * State measurement system. Verification of measuring instruments. Organization and procedure
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation there are PR 50.2.006-94.


GOST 24104-88 * Laboratory balance general purpose and exemplary. General specifications
________________
* Since July 1, 2002, GOST 24104-2001 has been put into effect **.

** On the territory of the Russian Federation, GOST R 53228-2008 applies,

GOST 29329-92 * Scales for static weighing. General technical requirements
_________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation, GOST R 53228-2008 applies, hereinafter in the text. - Database manufacturer's note.

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

In this standard, the following terms and symbols apply:

Natural radionuclides (NRN)- the main radioactive nuclides of natural origin contained in building materials: radium (Ra), thorium (Th), potassium (K).

Specific activity of the radionuclide() is the ratio of the radionuclide activity in the sample to the mass of the sample, Bq/kg.

Specific effective activity of NRN() - the total specific activity of NRN in the material, determined taking into account their biological effects on the human body according to the formula

where ,, are the specific activities of radium, thorium, potassium, respectively, Bq/kg.

4 Methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

This International Standard establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials and products.

4.1 Express method

4.1.1 Purpose of the method

Express method is intended for carrying out:

- periodical and input control bulk building materials and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as bulk materials), as well as building products in accordance with applicable regulations;

- preliminary evaluation developed rocks in a career (Appendix D).

The condition for using the express method is the absence of contamination of materials and products with technogenic radionuclides.

4.1.2 Controls

4.1.2.1 Portable NRN specific effective activity radiometers using the gamma spectrometric measurement method (for example, RKP-305MS type), with the following technical characteristics:

- the lower limit of determining the value is not more than 100 Bq/kg;

- relative error in determining the value of not more than 30%.

4.1.2.2 Reference radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings.

4.1.2.3 The radiometric equipment used must be subject to mandatory state metrological tests in accordance with GOST 8.326 and GOST 8.513, confirmed by a certificate of state metrological certification, and be completed with measurement procedures certified in the prescribed manner, ensuring the introduction of the necessary corrections and an assessment of the error of the results in real measurements .

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.1.3 The procedure for preparing the equipment for measurements and monitoring its performance

Preparation of equipment for measurements is carried out in accordance with the instructions for its operation.

To check the operation of the equipment, before and after the performance of working measurements, measurements are taken using a control source. The difference in readings between these measurements should not exceed 5%.

4.1.4 Control procedure

4.1.4.1 When controlling bulk materials in a warehouse, control points are selected:

- on cones or stacks - along the perimeters of horizontal sections with an interval of no more than 10 m, the height of the lower section from the base of the cone or stack must be at least 1 m;

- on the alluvium map - at the nodes of a rectangular network 10x10 m.

4.1.4.2 When incoming control of bulk building materials, control points are selected in each vehicle at a distance of at least 1 m from the side wall:

- in railway transport (gondola car and platform) - at least two points;

- in road transport- one point in the center of the body;

- on the water transport(on a barge - site or bunker ships) - at least two points located along the axis of the vessel.

4.1.4.3 When inspecting building products, they form a rectangular prism with a base of at least 1.2x1.2 m and a height of 0.5 m, or select a pallet (package) of products not laid in a herringbone pattern, with dimensions not less than those indicated, and in the center of the upper plane of the products, a control point is selected.

4.1.4.4 Measurements are carried out by installing the radiometer detection unit at the control point on flat surface material. The surface is taken as a flat one, on which the dimensions of the protrusions (cavities) do not exceed the diameter of the detection unit.

At each control point, at least three consecutive measurements are carried out.

4.1.4.5 To reduce the effect of side radiation on the results of measurements, measurements should be carried out at a distance of at least 20 m from buildings, structures, rock masses and building materials and products.

4.1.5 Rules for processing measurement results

4.1.5.1 The value determined by the formula is taken as the result of determining the value at the control point:

where =1, 2, ..., number of measurements at a given point;

the number of measurements at a given point ();

- the value of the quantity at the -th measurement;

absolute measurement error, estimated in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.1.5.2 The result of determining the value of the specific effective activity of NRN in a batch of material () is taken as the maximum of the values ​​obtained during measurements at the control points of this batch.

4.1.6 Rules for registration of control results

The instrument readings and control results are recorded in the log in the form of Appendix B.

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values ​​of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an estimate of the error, the result of determining the value of , a preliminary conclusion about the class of the material.

If the value determined during the control is equal to the upper limit value set for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:

- establishing the class of building material (product);

- clarification of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values ​​using the express method;

- product certification.

4.2.2 Controls

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:

- energy range of the registered gamma radiation from 0.1 to 3 MeV;

- the lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

- relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

- a set of containers for weights of material of a specified volume with lids;

- laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes diameter 5 mm;

- drying cabinet;

- desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.4 The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of NRN specific activity.

4.2.3 The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4 Control procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points specified in 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2. Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of NRN specific activities in building products and facing materials from natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (bricks, slabs, natural stone frames obtained in the production of facing materials) selected upon acceptance of the batch in accordance with the current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To determine the specific activities of NPH, the obtained representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

Containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept in room conditions within the time specified by the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are taken in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5 Rules for the processing and presentation of measurement and control results

4.2.5.1 The results are processed and the measurement error is assessed in accordance with the measurement procedure separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 As the results of measurements of the specific activities of NRN in a representative sample, the arithmetic mean values ​​of the specific activities of each radionuclide () for five samples are taken

where 1, 2, ..., sample number.

The absolute error in determining the value is calculated by the formula

where is the absolute error in determining the specific activity of the th radionuclide in sample portions, estimated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity NPH () for a representative sample is calculated in accordance with formula (1) using the values ​​for each radionuclide.
The absolute error in determining the values ​​is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

4.2.5.5 The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in materials are recorded in a log, which should indicate:

- name of the material;

- name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

- location of sampling points;

- dates of sampling and measurements;

- specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

- specific effective activity with an error;

- surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in Appendix B.

APPENDIX A (mandatory). Criteria for deciding on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards

APPENDIX A
(mandatory)

(Temporary criteria for the organization of control and decision-making, approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the USSR A.I. Kondrusev, N 5789-91 of 10.06.91)

Note - If necessary, in the national standards in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits specified in the table.


Appendix A. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1,).

APPENDIX B (recommended). Journal of radiation monitoring of building materials (products)

APPENDIX B (recommended). Test report to determine the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials (products)

Note - Data on activities are given with indication of measurement errors.

APPENDIX D (recommended). Determination of the specific effective activity of rocks in a quarry

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10x10 m.

Control points on the roof and the bottom of the ledge are located along the profile with an interval of no more than 10 m. The distance between the profiles should be from 5 to 10 m, the distance of the profile from the edge of the ledge - from 1 to 5 m.

To take into account the influence of side radiation from ledges more than 1 m high, the measured value should be divided by the correction factor given below.

Control points on the slope of the ledge are located along the profile along the work front with an interval of no more than 10 m at a profile height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the ledge. The correction factor for a height of 1 m is 1.45.

At values ​​>370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to assign rocks to II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A.



Electronic text of the document
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2007

INTERSTATE STANDARD

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE
ACTIVITIES OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstromsyre of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on January 1, 1995 as the state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 30, 1994 No. 18-48

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Determination of specific effective activity
natural radionuclides

Building materials and elements. Determination of
specific activity of natural radioactive nuclei

Introduction date 1995-01-01

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) to building products (facing slabs, decorative and other products made of natural stone, bricks and wall stones), as well as industrial waste, used directly as building materials or as raw materials for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for assessing building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A, and the procedure for monitoring.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

where i = 1, 2, ..., P- measurement number at a given point;

P- the number of measurements at a given point ( n³ 3);

A eff. i - value of quantity BUT eff at i-th dimension;

D is the absolute measurement error, estimated in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.1.5.2 For the result of determining the value of the specific effective activity of NRN in a batch of material ( BUT eff.p) take the maximum of the values BUT eff.t. j obtained from measurements at the control points of a given batch.

4.1.6 Rules for registration of control results

The instrument readings and control results are recorded in the log in the form of Appendix B.

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values ​​of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an error estimate, the result of determining the value BUT eff.p, preliminary conclusion about the material class.

If the value determined during the control BUT eff.p is equal to the upper limit value set for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:

Establishing the class of building material (product);

Refinements of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values ​​using the express method;

Product certifications.

4.2.2 Controls

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:

The energy range of the registered gamma radiation is from 0.1 to 3 MeV;

The lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

The relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

A set of containers for weighing material of a specified volume with lids;

Laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes 5 mm in diameter;

Desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

4.2.2.4 The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of NRN specific activity.

4.2.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4. Control procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points specified in 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2. Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample mass of 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of the specific activities of NRN in building products and facing materials made of natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (brick, slabs, near natural stone, obtained in the production of facing materials), selected upon acceptance of a batch in accordance with current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To determine the specific activities of NPH, the obtained representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

The containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept at room conditions for the time specified in the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are taken in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5 Rules for processing and processing the results of measurements and control

4.2.5.1 The results are processed and the measurement error is assessed in accordance with the measurement procedure separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 The arithmetic mean values ​​of the specific activities of each radionuclide ( BUT j) for five samples:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n¾ hitch number.

The absolute error in determining the value BUT j is calculated by the formula

where a j is the absolute error in determining the specific activity j-th radionuclide in sample portions, evaluated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity of NRN ( BUT eff) for a representative sample is calculated according to formula (1) using the values BUTj for each radionuclide.

The absolute error in determining the values BUT eff is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

4.2.5.5 The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in materials are recorded in a log, which should indicate:

Name of material;

Name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

Location of sampling points;

Dates of sampling and measurements;

Specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

Specific effective activity with error;

Surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in Appendix B.

APPENDIX A

(mandatory)

Criteria for deciding on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards

Note - If necessary, in the national standards in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

JOURNAL OF RADIATION CONTROL
BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

APPENDIX B

TEST REPORT
ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NRN IN BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

1 Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate (certificate of state metrological certification of the radiometric installation)

2 Date of measurement

3 Measurement method

4 Material name (GOST, TU)

5 Name of manufacturer or consumer

6 Number and location of control points

7 Measurement results of a representative sample (number of the test report according to the work log)

Note - Data on activities are given with errors
measurements.

8 Statement of material class ____________________________

9 Position and signature of the person responsible for carrying out the measurements
_____________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY
ROCKS IN THE QUARRY

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10´ 10 m.

Control points on the roof and the bottom of the ledge are located along the profile with an interval of no more than 10 m. The distance between the profiles should be from 5 to 10 m, the distance of the profile from the edge of the ledge should be from 1 to 5 m.

To take into account the influence of lateral radiation from ledges with a height of more than 1 m, the measured value BUT eff should be divided by the correction factor below.

Correction factor

Control points on the slope of the ledge are located along the profile along the work front with an interval of no more than 10 m at a profile height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the ledge. The correction factor for a height of 1 m is 1.45.

For values BUT eff > 370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to assign rocks to II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A.

Keywords: inorganic bulk building materials, industrial waste, specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30108-94

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE
ACTIVITIES OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstromsyre of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on January 1, 1995 as the state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 30, 1994 No. 18-48

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Determination of specific effective activity
natural radionuclides

Building materials and elements. Determination of
specific activity of natural radioactive nuclei

Introduction date 1995-01-01

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) to building products (facing slabs, decorative and other products made of natural stone, bricks and wall stones), as well as industrial waste, used directly as building materials or as raw materials for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for assessing building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in, and the procedure for monitoring.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

GOST 8.326-89 GSI. Metrological certification of measuring instruments. Basic provisions

GOST 8.513-84 GSI. Verification of measuring instruments. Organization and procedure

where A Ra, BUT th, BUT k - specific activities of radium, thorium, potassium, respectively, Bq/kg.

4 METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

This International Standard establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials and products.

4.1 Express method

4.1.1 Purpose of the method

Express method is intended for carrying out:

Periodic and input control of bulk building materials and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as bulk materials), as well as building products in accordance with current regulatory documents;

Preliminary assessment of developed rocks in a quarry ().

The condition for using the express method is the absence of contamination of materials and products with technogenic radionuclides.

4.1.2 Controls

4.1.2.1 Portable NRN specific effective activity radiometers using the gamma spectrometric measurement method (for example, RKP-305MS type), with the following technical characteristics:

- lower limit of value determination BUT eff not more than 100 Bq/kg;

Relative error in determining the value BUT eff not more than 30%.

4.1.2.2 Reference radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings.

4.1.2.3 The radiometric equipment used must be subject to mandatory state metrological tests in accordance with GOST 8.326 and GOST 8.513, confirmed by certificates, and be completed with measurement procedures certified in the prescribed manner, ensuring the introduction of the necessary corrections and an assessment of the error of the results under real measurement conditions.

4.1.2.3 (Revision, Rev. No. 1).

4.1.3 Order preparation of equipment for measurements and control of its performance

Preparation of equipment for measurements is carried out in accordance with the instructions for its operation.

To check the operation of the equipment, before and after the performance of working measurements, measurements are taken using a control source. The difference in readings between these measurements should not exceed 5%.

4.1.4 Control procedure

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values ​​of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an error estimate, the result of determining the value BUT eff.p, preliminary conclusion about the material class.

If the value determined during the control BUT eff.p is equal to the upper limit value set for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:

Establishing the class of building material (product);

Refinements of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values ​​using the express method;

4.2.2 Controls

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:

The energy range of the registered gamma radiation is from 0.1 to 3 MeV;

The lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

The relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

A set of containers for weighing material of a specified volume with lids;

Laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes 5 mm in diameter;

Desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

4.2.2.4 The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of NRN specific activity.

4.2.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4. Control procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points indicated in and . Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample mass of 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of the specific activities of NRN in building products and facing materials made of natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (brick, slabs, near natural stone, obtained in the production of facing materials), selected upon acceptance of a batch in accordance with current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To determine the specific activities of NPH, the obtained representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

The containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept at room conditions for the time specified in the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are taken in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5 Rules for processing and processing the results of measurements and control

4.2.5.1 The results are processed and the measurement error is assessed in accordance with the measurement procedure separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 The arithmetic mean values ​​of the specific activities of each radionuclide ( BUT j) for five samples:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n¾ hanger number.

The absolute error in determining the value BUT j is calculated by the formula

(4)

where a j - absolute error in determining the specific activity j-th radionuclide in sample portions, evaluated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity of NRN ( BUT eff) for a representative sample is calculated according to using the values BUTj for each radionuclide.

The absolute error in determining the values BUT eff is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

(6)

4.2.5.5 The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in materials are recorded in a log, which should indicate:

Name of material;

Name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

Location of sampling points;

Dates of sampling and measurements;

Specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

Specific effective activity with error;

Surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in.

APPENDIX A

(mandatory)

Criteria for deciding on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards

Note - If necessary, in the national norms in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

APPENDIX B
(recommended)

JOURNAL OF RADIATION CONTROL
BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

APPENDIX B

TEST REPORT
ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NRN IN BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

1 Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate (certificate of state metrological certification of the radiometric installation)

2 Date of measurement

3 Measurement method

4 Material name (GOST, TU)

5 Name of manufacturer or consumer

6 Number and location of control points

7 Measurement results of a representative sample (number of the test report according to the work log)

Note - Data on activities are given with indication of errors.
measurements.

8 Statement of material class ____________________________

9 Position and signature of the person responsible for carrying out the measurements
_____________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY
ROCKS IN THE QUARRY

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10 ´ 10 m

Control points on the roof and the bottom of the ledge are located along the profile with an interval of no more than 10 m. The distance between the profiles should be from 5 to 10 m, the distance of the profile from the edge of the ledge - from 1 to 5 m.

To take into account the influence of lateral radiation from ledges with a height of more than 1 m, the measured value BUT eff should be divided by the correction factor below.

Control points on the slope of the ledge are located along the profile along the work front with an interval of no more than 10 m at a profile height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the ledge. The correction factor for a height of 1 m is 1.45.

For values BUT eff > 370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to classify rocks as II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in.

Keywords: inorganic bulk building materials, industrial waste, specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

Specific effective activity (Aeff) is a parameter that characterizes the total specific activity of natural radionuclides in building materials, determined taking into account their biological effects on the human body; It is measured in becquerels per kilogram (Bq/kg). According to this indicator, materials are divided into classes: class I - A eff £ 370 Bq / kg, class II - A eff £ 740 Bq / kg, class III - A eff

Construction dictionary.

See what "Specific effective activity (Aeff)" is in other dictionaries:

specific effective activity NRN- Aeff, Bq/kg: The total specific activity of NRN in the material, determined taking into account their biological effect on the human body according to the formula (3.2): Aeff = ARa + 1.31 ATh + 0.085 Ak, (2) where ARa, ATh, Ak specific activities of radium, thorium, potassium ... ...

specific effective activity NRN A EFF- 3.2 Specific effective activity of NRN AEFF: Specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizers, peat, determined taking into account their biological effects on the human body and calculated by the formula AEFF \u003d ARa + 1.31ATh + 0.085Ak, ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Aeff- total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides communication Application example Aeff from 370 to 740 Bq/kg … Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations

GOST R 53745-2009: Organic fertilizers. Methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides- Terminology GOST R 53745 2009: Organic fertilizers. Methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides original document: 3.1 natural radionuclides NRN: The main radioactive nuclides of natural origin, ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

GOST R 54748-2011: Crushed stone from dense rocks for the ballast layer of the railway track. Specifications- Terminology GOST R 54748 2011: Crushed stone from dense rocks for the ballast layer of the railway track. Specifications original document: analytical sample: A material sample prepared from a laboratory sample and intended for… … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

GOST 30108-94: Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides- Terminology GOST 30108 94: Construction materials and products. Determination of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides original document: 4.2 Laboratory method 4.2.1 Purpose of the method The laboratory method is intended for: ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

laboratory method- 4.2 Laboratory method 4.2.1 Purpose of the method The laboratory method is intended for: establishing the class of the building material (product); clarification of the class of building material (product) in the case of obtaining boundary values ​​​​by express ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Crushed inorganic granular bulk material with grains larger than 5 m ... Wikipedia

SANITARY NORMS AND RULES OF RADIATION SAFETY- normative legal acts establishing sanitary requirements to protect people from radiation exposure. Radiation safety standards (NRB 99) are applied to ensure human safety in all conditions of exposure to him ... ... Russian encyclopedia of labor protection

GOST 30108-94

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE
ACTIVITIES OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstromsyre of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on January 1, 1995 as the state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 30, 1994 No. 18-48

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Determination of specific effective activity
natural radionuclides

Building materials and elements. Determination of
specific activity of natural radioactive nuclei

Introduction date 1995-01-01

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) to building products (facing slabs, decorative and other products made of natural stone, bricks and wall stones), as well as industrial waste, used directly as building materials or as raw materials for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for assessing building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in, and the procedure for monitoring.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

GOST 8.326-89 GSI. Metrological certification of measuring instruments. Basic provisions

GOST 8.513-84 GSI. Verification of measuring instruments. Organization and procedure

where A Ra, BUT th, BUT k - specific activities of radium, thorium, potassium, respectively, Bq/kg.

4 METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

This International Standard establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials and products.

4.1 Express method

4.1.1 Purpose of the method

Express method is intended for carrying out:

Periodic and input control of bulk building materials and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as bulk materials), as well as building products in accordance with current regulatory documents;

Preliminary assessment of developed rocks in a quarry ().

The condition for using the express method is the absence of contamination of materials and products with technogenic radionuclides.

4.1.2 Controls

4.1.2.1 Portable NRN specific effective activity radiometers using the gamma spectrometric measurement method (for example, RKP-305MS type), with the following technical characteristics:

- lower limit of value determination BUT eff not more than 100 Bq/kg;

Relative error in determining the value BUT eff not more than 30%.

4.1.2.2 Reference radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings.

4.1.2.3 The radiometric equipment used must be subject to mandatory state metrological tests in accordance with GOST 8.326 and GOST 8.513, confirmed by certificates, and be completed with measurement procedures certified in the prescribed manner, ensuring the introduction of the necessary corrections and an assessment of the error of the results under real measurement conditions.

4.1.2.3 (Revision, Rev. No. 1).

4.1.3 Order preparation of equipment for measurements and control of its performance

Preparation of equipment for measurements is carried out in accordance with the instructions for its operation.

To check the operation of the equipment, before and after the performance of working measurements, measurements are taken using a control source. The difference in readings between these measurements should not exceed 5%.

4.1.4 Control procedure

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values ​​of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an error estimate, the result of determining the value BUT eff.p, preliminary conclusion about the material class.

If the value determined during the control BUT eff.p is equal to the upper limit value set for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:

Establishing the class of building material (product);

Refinements of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values ​​using the express method;

4.2.2 Controls

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:

The energy range of the registered gamma radiation is from 0.1 to 3 MeV;

The lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

The relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

A set of containers for weighing material of a specified volume with lids;

Laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes 5 mm in diameter;

Desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

4.2.2.4 The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of NRN specific activity.

4.2.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4. Control procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points indicated in and . Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample mass of 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of the specific activities of NRN in building products and facing materials made of natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (brick, slabs, near natural stone, obtained in the production of facing materials), selected upon acceptance of a batch in accordance with current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To determine the specific activities of NPH, the obtained representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

The containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept at room conditions for the time specified in the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are taken in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5 Rules for processing and processing the results of measurements and control

4.2.5.1 The results are processed and the measurement error is assessed in accordance with the measurement procedure separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 The arithmetic mean values ​​of the specific activities of each radionuclide ( BUT j) for five samples:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n¾ hanger number.

The absolute error in determining the value BUT j is calculated by the formula

(4)

where a j - absolute error in determining the specific activity j-th radionuclide in sample portions, evaluated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity of NRN ( BUT eff) for a representative sample is calculated according to using the values BUTj for each radionuclide.

The absolute error in determining the values BUT eff is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

(6)

4.2.5.5 The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in materials are recorded in a log, which should indicate:

Name of material;

Name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

Location of sampling points;

Dates of sampling and measurements;

Specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

Specific effective activity with error;

Surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in.

APPENDIX A

(mandatory)

Criteria for deciding on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards

Note - If necessary, in the national norms in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

APPENDIX B
(recommended)

JOURNAL OF RADIATION CONTROL
BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

APPENDIX B

TEST REPORT
ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NRN IN BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

1 Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate (certificate of state metrological certification of the radiometric installation)

2 Date of measurement

3 Measurement method

4 Material name (GOST, TU)

5 Name of manufacturer or consumer

6 Number and location of control points

7 Measurement results of a representative sample (number of the test report according to the work log)

Note - Data on activities are given with indication of errors.
measurements.

8 Statement of material class ____________________________

9 Position and signature of the person responsible for carrying out the measurements
_____________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY
ROCKS IN THE QUARRY

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10 ´ 10 m

Control points on the roof and the bottom of the ledge are located along the profile with an interval of no more than 10 m. The distance between the profiles should be from 5 to 10 m, the distance of the profile from the edge of the ledge - from 1 to 5 m.

To take into account the influence of lateral radiation from ledges with a height of more than 1 m, the measured value BUT eff should be divided by the correction factor below.

Control points on the slope of the ledge are located along the profile along the work front with an interval of no more than 10 m at a profile height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the ledge. The correction factor for a height of 1 m is 1.45.

For values BUT eff > 370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to classify rocks as II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in.

Keywords: inorganic bulk building materials, industrial waste, specific effective activity of natural radionuclides