Strawberry leaf beetle and its control. How to deal with strawberry leaf beetle Strawberry leaf beetle

The beetles are very small, reaching only 4 mm in length. Yellow-brown in color.

The larvae reach a length of 5 millimeters, they yellow color with a dark brown head and dark spots on the back. Beetles overwinter under plant debris on strawberry beds.

During the period of strawberry growth, the pests come out of hibernation and attack the bushes, eating the pulp of the leaves in the form of winding passages, and only from above, and the lower part of the skin of the leaf remains intact. Having fed, the females, before flowering, lay their pink small eggs on the petioles, stems, sepals of strawberries. After ten days, larvae hatch, which crawl on the underside of the leaf, gnawing out the flesh on it, but leaving the upper skin intact.

Feeding lasts 20 - 25 days, and then the pests near the plant on which they "tabled" descend to the surface of the soil, penetrating to a depth of 1 - 3 centimeters and pupate here. By the end of strawberry fruiting, new beetles appear on the bushes and, after feeding on the leaves for a short time, leave for the winter. By autumn, many holes can be seen on damaged leaves - these are the consequences of harmful leaf beetles. That is, by gnawing the flesh of the leaf, they leave the skin intact. However, by autumn this “window” collapses, and through holes and holes remain on the leaves.

The main damage to plants is caused by larvae, which, feeding on the underside of the leaf, skeletonize it on one side. Leaves that are badly damaged, especially in the heat, dry out quickly. On such plants, the berries do not reach their varietal size, lose taste qualities, sometimes most of the ovaries die. So the appearance of a leaf beetle pest on a strawberry garden is unacceptable.

Protective Measures

  • An effective measure is loosening the soil under the bushes at the end of strawberry fruiting. They do this to destroy the grains of sand that have stuck together and the grains of sand - the "cradle" of pupae.
  • It is also recommended to use preparations stimulating the growth and development of plants (HB-101) to compensate for the losses caused by the pest.
  • Fitoverm can be used. Spraying is carried out before flowering.
  • To scare away beetles, you can use the drug Dachnik. However, you can either use it in early spring, or after picking berries, because it has persistent odor and can be transmitted to berries.

The strawberry leaf beetle, which lives almost everywhere, damages wild and cultivated strawberries, as well as a number of shrubs and herbaceous plants representing the Rosanna family (meadowsweet, gravel, goose cinquefoil, etc.). Berry bushes damaged by a strawberry leaf beetle are easy to distinguish from healthy ones: the leaves on them are dotted huge amount small holes, and tiny berries stop developing. Damaged bushes dry up, almost all ovaries die over time, and the taste of the surviving berries changes greatly.

Getting to know the pest

The strawberry leaf beetle is a yellow-brown beetle with a black abdomen and metathorax, the length of which is from 3.5 to 4.2 mm. The elytra of this pest are uniformly convex.

The size of spherical eggs of strawberry leaf beetles is approximately 0.5 - 0.6 mm. Initially, they are painted in a reddish-yellowish color, and then gradually acquire a reddish-yellow color and acquire black, rod-shaped appendages at the tops. The length of yellow-brown larvae is 5 - 6 mm. All larvae are equipped with rows of bristle-covered warts and transverse stripes, as well as black heads and legs. And the dimensions of pale yellowish pupae are within 3.5 - 4 mm.

Wintering of immature beetles occurs mainly under the remains of vegetation. In the spring, around the second half of April, when the thermometer rises to 13-14 degrees, the bugs emerging from the wintering grounds begin to feed - they skeletonize the leaves, and also gnaw numerous and rather winding holes in them. Much less often, strawberry leaf beetles damage leaf petioles and inflorescences with flowers.

How to fight

The larvae of these strawberry pests are readily eaten by predatory bugs and ground beetles. Pupae are infested by horsemen called Tetrastichus cassidarum Rizb, while eggs are infected by horsemen Entedon ovularum Rizb.

An important measure to combat strawberry leaf beetles is the timely removal of all kinds of plant debris from the site, on which these pests like to winter. Also, during the period of mass pupation of harmful larvae, the soil near the plants should be dug up - this will destroy the so-called "cradles" of pupae, as well as make pests defenseless against various diseases and accessible to all kinds of predators. It is equally important to weed out meadowsweet and goose cinquefoil growing near strawberry beds - pests often feed on them. And, of course, one should not forget about the rules of crop rotation - strawberries can return to their former beds only after three to four years, not earlier.

Periodically, strawberry plantings are treated with various stimulants in order to compensate for crop losses. Also in early spring (so that the berries do not acquire a persistent tobacco smell), it is recommended to pollinate the strawberry beds with tobacco chips.

If at the very beginning of the growth of strawberry bushes for every five plants there are more than two or three beetles, then spraying with insecticides will be advisable.

Before the start of flowering, berry bushes are allowed to be sprayed with "Karbofos" (10%). Also, a good effect can be achieved when using the drug "Karate". And when new leaves grow in the spring, Vofatoks, Metafos, Gardona, Corsair, Ambush and Aktellik are used. It is especially important to get during spraying on the undersides of the leaves.

Strawberry. Strawberry. Varieties, care, seasonal calendar Zvonarev Nikolai Mikhailovich

strawberry leaf beetle

strawberry leaf beetle

This is a small yellow-brown bug. It harms the leaves of strawberries and strawberries. An adult beetle hibernates under fallen leaves, weeds. In the spring, it comes out and feeds on strawberry leaves, usually gnawing out the pulp in them and leaving the lower skin intact. Less often it gnaws through holes in the leaves. The greatest accumulation of beetles on strawberries is observed during the appearance of flower brushes.

The beetles lay their eggs on the leaves, more often on the underside of them, one at a time or in small groups of 5 pieces. The testicles of the leaf beetle are pinkish-yellow in color with a characteristic black appendage at the apex. One female lays 90 to 200 eggs. The hatching larvae feed on strawberry leaves, gnawing out the “window” in them, and during the fruiting period they are found at the base of the berries. The hatching of larvae is extended. Having reached the limit of age, they go into the soil and pupate at shallow depths and earthy cradles. Young beetles appear at the end of strawberry fruiting. For a short time they feed on its leaves, and then leave for the winter. Severely damaged leaves dry up and die.

Control measures. Complete cleansing of plantations from the strawberry leaf beetle is achieved by double dusting with 5% DDT dust (40 kg per hectare with each dusting). The first pollination is carried out at the beginning of the exposure of flower brushes; the second - at the beginning of the isolation of the buds.

Intestinal poisons can be used against beetles and leaf beetle larvae (in grams per bucket of water): calcium arsenate - 20, sodium silicofluoride - 50, Parisian greens - 12.

An effective way - loosening the soil at the end of the fruiting of strawberries has a detrimental effect on the tender pupae of the beetle.

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The strawberry leaf beetle is ubiquitous and causes damage not only cultivated plants, but also wild strawberries. Sometimes it prefers to settle on plants of the Rosanna family, feeding on the juice of their foliage.

Adult beetles are small: their body length varies between 3-4 mm. The body color of individuals is brownish-yellow, and the abdomen and metathorax have a black tint. Eggs laid by females do not exceed 0.6 mm in size and have spherical shape. It is noteworthy that at first the color of the eggs is yellow-red, but then it turns red, and a black appendage appears at the top.

The larvae reach 5 mm in length and are colored yellow-brown. On the body there are rows of dark transverse stripes and points-warts, on which single hairs grow. The head and legs of the caterpillars are painted black. The size of the pale yellow pupa is about 4 mm.

Immature adults leave for wintering: they hide under fallen autumn leaves. In the spring their flight begins and extra food: they gnaw holes along the edges and center of the petals and eat away the flesh of the leaves with bizarre winding moves. The larvae of the strawberry leaf beetle are located on back side leaves, eating away the pulp.

Signs of infection

How to protect yourself from beetles?

In the spring, during the growth of new leaves, it is advisable to spray the plantations with Actellik, Corsair, as well as Vofatoks, Gardona, etc. If necessary, if the number of individuals on the bush exceeds four, the treatment is repeated before flowering and after harvesting.

It is important to consider that the larvae are located on the underside, and carefully treat these surfaces. During the fight, you need to use a respirator and protective clothing.

Folk methods beetle control consists in carrying out alternating sprayings with decoctions of odorous herbs - wormwood, dandelion or garlic. It is advisable to add soap chips to the solution, and periodically sprinkle the aisles with tobacco dust and wood ash. A good result from the strawberry leaf beetle is given by spraying with an ash-soap solution.

After berry picking, it is recommended to loosen the soil next to the bushes - this method of struggle will help destroy the beetle pupae. If the soil is sprinkled with mulch in the form of bulk materials, you can carefully remove its layer, at the same time getting rid of the larvae.

Since leaf beetles also prefer some weed crops, it is recommended to get rid of any weeds on the site in a timely manner. In addition, it is necessary to observe crop rotation and not plant strawberries in their original place earlier than after 4 years.

The stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) is a more common strawberry pest. The stem nematode has more than 20 races and infects more than 500 plant species, including weeds (Kholod N.A., Belozerova G.S., Metlitsky O.3., 1994). It causes great harm to strawberry plantations, significantly suppresses plants and reduces yields with its focal accumulation. The nematode just spreads from planting material and through contaminated soil. In fact, there are no plants resistant to the nematode. But there are strong varieties whose infected plants do not show external symptoms of suppression and bear fruit normally.

The stem nematode is a microscopic worm, about 1 mm. Larvae smaller size, mobile, testicles are elongated-oval. The stem nematode overwinters in the larval phase (II and III instars) and females in the lower parts of the stems, in leaf sheaths, damaged leaves, rhizomes, and partly in the soil at a depth of 10–20 cm. higher humidity and drought, the highest and low temperatures. best temperature for the development of the stem nematode is 15-24°C. Behind summer period the pest can give 4-5 generations. The development and reproduction of the stem nematode occurs inside the plants. The largest number of the pest is observed in the first half of summer (Skorikova O.A., 1981). Particularly susceptible are onions, buckwheat, oats, peas, soybeans, potatoes, flowers, umbrella, vegetable, pumpkin and other crops. These plants (hosts) promote reproduction of the nematode. Infected strawberry plants lag behind in growth, are distinguished by wrinkled and corrugated areas of leaf tissues, shortened and thickened petioles and leaves, fasciated peduncles, and deformed berries.

Control measures

The fight against the stem nematode is based on the production of healthy planting material and the disinfection of the earth. It is excellent to lay new plantings only with healthy planting material. Follow the cultural rotation by introducing a pre-planting field with black fallow. On young plantings, remove and burn nematode-infected plants (Metlitsky O.Z., Kholod H.A., 1984).

In a dormant state of plants, thermotherapy is applied in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 480C for 12-17 minutes. Affected plants and weeds should be removed. After removing the infected strawberry bushes, the soil in these places should be treated with bleach, 4% formalin or 5% steel sulfate. There are few species tolerant to the nematode. These include: Zenga Zengana, Cheburashka, 50 years of October, Luch, Hera and some others.

How to fertilize and protect strawberries?

Strawberry mite (Tarsonemus fragaria). This pest develops under wet weather conditions and in irrigated areas. It spreads in most cases in young plantations. The females overwinter at the base of the leaf petioles. In the spring, vitreous eggs are laid in young unfolded leaves. After 12-15 days, larvae appear, inhabiting and sucking young leaves. Affected leaves become oily, yellow-green and die off. With increasing humidity, mites breed faster. Their maximum is observed in May and June. At a temperature of 45-50°C, all stages of the tick die.

Control measures

in the middle preventive measures the following are recommended for the fight: mowing the leaves after harvesting, removing them from the site and burning them, eliminating weeds and loosening the land. It is recommended to introduce healthy seedlings for laying new plantations, thermal disinfection of plants before planting in a mother liquor in a water bath at a temperature of 45-46 ° C for 13-15 minutes.

Spraying of plantations is carried out in the spring, before flowering, with agravertin (1 ml / l 0.2%), intavir (up to 1.5 l per 10 m). With mass distribution spider mite processing is carried out after picking berries with a 0.3% emulsion of 50% karbofos (30 g of product per 10 l of water). (Skorikova O.A., 1981).

The number of mites reaches a maximum by the end of June, after harvest. When testing chemical preparations in the fight against strawberry mites, the highest biological activity was shown by: neoron - 89%, karbofos - 86% (Holod N.A, 1995).

Raspberry strawberry weevil(Anthonomus rubi Herbst.) This is a terrible pest, with a strong weevil infestation, the collection in some years is reduced by 40-60%. Beetle 2-3 mm long, grayish-black. The larvae are snow-white, legless, half-bent, with a yellowish head.

The beetle hibernates under fallen leaves and clods of earth. During the beginning of the growth of strawberries leaves the wintering grounds. The first time feeds on young leaves, gnawing into their holes, also the contents of the buds. With the appearance of strawberry buds, females lay their eggs in them. With all this, they first gnaw the pedicel, from which the bud breaks, turns brown and dries. The larvae that emerge from the eggs remain inside the buds and eat away their contents. Here they pupate. In June-July, young beetles appear, which feed on leaves for some time, then leave for the winter.

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