How to make a copier on a lathe. DIY mini wood lathe. Copy equipment in woodworking

Copy lathes are used to make many of the same parts, such as balusters for stair railings, fence posts, etc. You can make a functional design with your own hands, using devices that are unnecessary in the household.

Making a lathe

The most primitive model of a lathe is made of conventional drill. But this is not the only solution. The main parts of the future device:

• bed;
• front and rear racks (headstock);
• electric motor;
• leading and slave centers;
• tool stop.

The bed is the base for placing all the elements and mechanisms. Therefore, it is made of a thick bar of wood or metal. The headstock is securely fixed on the base, the part will be fixed on it. A device is placed in the front rack that transmits movement from the electric motor to the leading center and then to the part.

The rear post (headstock) moves along the guide on the frame, it holds the free end of the workpiece. An emphasis for the tool is placed between the grandmas. Grandmas must be located strictly along a single axis.

For a do-it-yourself machine, an electric motor with a power of 200 - 250 W, with a speed of no more than 1500, is suitable. If you plan to process large parts, a more powerful engine is required.

A faceplate is put on the electric motor pulley, which fixes large workpieces. The faceplate contains points on which the part is stuffed. The opposite end of the part is fixed with a corner.

To turn an ordinary lathe into a copy machine, you need additional device- copier.

Copier for lathe

The basis of the copier will be an unnecessary hand mill. It is placed on a surface of 12 mm plywood, the size of the platform is 20 x 50 cm. Holes are made in the platform for fasteners and cutters, and stops are installed - bars for fixing the cutter. The router is placed between the clamps and secured with a pair of large nails.

The remote part of the site moves along the frame along the guide - the pipe. Its ends are fixed in wooden bars. The bars are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. When fixing the pipe, use a level and align the axis of the pipe with the center of the machine. Before installation, a pair of bars with holes is put on the pipe, which easily move along the guide. A platform is attached to the bars, on which the milling cutter is placed.

Second important element installed with your own hands directly on the lathe - a bar in horizontal position to which templates will be attached. A beam of 7 x 3 cm is suitable; it is attached to vertical supports with self-tapping screws. Stands are screwed to the frame. The upper surface of the bar must clearly coincide with the axis of the machine.

When the copier is not in use, the bar is dismantled, the platform with the milling cutter is retracted and the machine turns into a conventional lathe.

The stop is made of thick plywood and is attached to working surface. In fact, the emphasis plays the role of a copier in this design. It is fixed vertically, to the end of the working surface it is fixed to a transition beam made of wood. The copier can be removed, it is installed on the stand with self-tapping screws. The stand must be fixed firmly, without the possibility of removal.

The templates are made of plywood, with the help of self-tapping screws they are screwed to the front surface of the bar. The top surface of the beam should be aligned with the axis of the template.

Cons of the proposed design

• The working surface with a milling cutter has to be moved with both hands, since during operation it warps and jams;
• enough to copy simple elements, for example, it is impossible to repeat the twisted patterns on the posts;
• to move the cutter, it is more convenient to provide a screw gear;
• and it is better to replace the cutter with a circular, such a device will turn out to be more versatile.

All photos from the article

Turning- copy machine on wood - a machine that is widely used in factory woodworking for replicating products of a certain configuration that matches a given sample. This equipment allows you to process any parts with high accuracy and speed. However, production machines with their large dimensions will be difficult to locate in a small private workshop.

Copy equipment in woodworking

Many carpentry lovers, gradually expanding their tool base and improving their skills, come to the idea of ​​​​assembling a copy lathe for wood with their own hands. After all, with the help of this device it is possible to make an exact copy of any piece of furniture and perform restoration work.

Note!
In most cases, of course, the main factor that encourages people to "reinvent the wheel" is high price for the finished product.

The principle of operation on a wood copier is quite simple:

• blank required size clamped in a horizontal position.
• We start the device forcing the workpiece to rotate around its axis.
• In turn, the movable cutter also removes excess wood, turning the blank into a product of the desired shape..

Structurally, a copier for a wood lathe is a series of parts connected to each other, so there will be something to work on.

Do-it-yourself equipment assembly at home

Lathe

In order to assemble a small wood copier with your own hands, you will need to make some effort and patience, as well as invest financially (about 7-7.5 thousand rubles). But this is many times less than the costs that await you if you purchase a ready-made option.

Copier for a wood lathe with a manual milling cutter

We suggest you make your own copier with minimal cost time, the machine can be started in " industrial production»turned parts by the evening. The “cutting tool” will be a hand router, the specifications for the manufactured parts depend on specifications wood lathe. Despite the fact that the copier is made using plywood, it can produce up to a hundred products from one copier, you will agree that this amount is quite enough to fulfill most bulk orders.

The fixture does not look quite "attractive" in terms of design, but we did not set ourselves such a task. We tried to make our “equipment” as simple as possible to manufacture and more or less reliable. Which is what happened in the end. How is a copier made? Let's get to know him better.

copier device

An ordinary manual milling cutter is adapted for a cutting tool; a specific model does not matter. Install the milling cutter on the support platform, we have platform dimensions of 500 × 200 mm, made of sheet plywood 12 mm thick. You can slightly increase or decrease the linear parameters of the site, depending on the size hand cutter. On the site, make holes for the exit of the cutter and holes for installing mounting bolts. In order to completely exclude unauthorized spontaneous movements of the cutter during operation, we advise you to install additional stop bars around the perimeter on the site, fix the bars with self-tapping screws, the length of the screws is selected taking into account the thickness of the fixing bars.

The milling cutter must be installed between the thrust bars, check the reliability of its fixation, any vibrations are completely eliminated. The far end of the site should “ride” along the pipe for the entire length of the wood lathe, we used a pipe Ø 25 mm, you can take other pipes for manufacturing. The main thing is that they can withstand the weight of the router without bending, be absolutely even and with ideal smooth surface. Fix the ends of the pipe with two wooden blocks, in our case, bars 80 × 35 mm were used. Screw the bars to the body of the lathe using metal screws, you do not have to cut the threads for the bolts. If your machine device does not allow you to fasten the bars in this way, then solve this problem in your own way.

Installation of the main structural elements homemade copier

Strong advice - do not rush during the manufacture of equipment, turned parts for a copier do not forgive even the slightest violations of not only technology, but also the location of the working axes. It follows from this that the axis of the pipe along which the milling cutter will move must be perfectly parallel to the axis of rotation of the lathe. It turned out by itself that the axis of the pipe coincided with the axis of the machine, but this condition is not necessary. The main thing that cutting tool cutters in the lowest position coincided with the axis of the machine, and this parameter can be adjusted by the level of the location of the copier.

The pipe is fixed in the blind holes of the bars, before fixing it, two bars must be put on it, on which the carrier platform of the router will be installed. Important condition- the platform bars should slide easily along the guide tube, but wobbling is prohibited. Check this parameter, if necessary, manually lap the pipe and bars. Then fix the router support pad to the bars and install the router on it. Once again check the smoothness of the slide, pay attention to the fact that there are no wobbles at all. Do not be afraid of such "strict" requirements for the quality of sliding. If you have a pipe with a normal surface and completely flat, then it is not difficult to achieve smooth sliding.

Installation of a horizontal bar

This is the second "working" element of a home-made copier; in terms of installation accuracy, all of the above requirements must be observed. A detail profile template is attached to a horizontal bar. For manufacturing, a bar of 70 × 30 mm is quite suitable, fastened with self-tapping screws to vertical wooden racks, fix the racks with any convenient way to the lathe bed. The upper edge of the horizontal bar must be parallel to the axis of the machine and be at the same level with it. If the copier becomes temporarily not needed, then the bar can be easily removed, the mounting platform for the router folds back to the rearmost position and the wood lathe can be used for its intended purpose.

Fasten the vertical stop to the working platform of the router, we made it from thin plywood, you can use more durable materials up to metal. This part will move along the copier during turning and set the spatial position of the cutter, fasten the copier as firmly as possible. There is a direct dependence on the thickness: the thinner it is, the more accurately the dimensions will be taken from the template. But there is another dependence - too thin copier makes it difficult to move the device along the template, choose the golden mean. The height of the copier must be adjusted after final assembly machine, during adjustment, all the above conditions must be observed. One more moment. If you have a copier made of plywood, then you need to make it removable, this will allow you to quickly change the worn-out copier to a new one while turning a large number of the same type of products.

How the template is made

There is nothing new here. Draw on a strip of plywood or OSB board the contour of the part being machined, check all dimensions again and use electric jigsaw cut carefully. The edges must be sanded, remove notches and bumps. Fix the template on the horizontal rail with self-tapping screws, observe all installation dimensions during fixing.

Some features of turning

You will have to move the device only with two hands, otherwise jamming on the pipe is possible. Another problem is that the radii of turned parts are limited by the diameter of the cutter, this must be kept in mind when choosing the profile of turned parts. Practice shows the dependence of the feed rate on the diameter of the cutter: the smaller the diameter of the cutter, the smaller the feed should be and vice versa.

1 800 rub

In order to make a copier for a wood lathe, you will need the following components that will be needed in the manufacturing process:

• electric motor with a power of approximately 800W;
• metal shaft with a nozzle for changing the saw blade;
• metal profile square section, metal corners;
• wooden sheet;
• furniture guides;
• metal marker;
• fastening materials.
• welding machine, grinder.

First you need to make metal guides.

They will allow you to move the entire structure of the copier in the longitudinal plane. In this case, two metal corners are used, which are turned down with the sharp side. Between themselves, the corners are welded to pieces metal profile.

This approach makes it possible to provide the necessary mechanical strength and eliminate the possibility of deflection of the guides under the weight of the copier. In practice, any other metal profile can be suitable for the manufacture of longitudinal guides, the main thing is that its mechanical parameters make it possible to carry out the tasks.

In this case, for the manufacture of the base of the future copier was used wooden box and board. The board is sized to move inside the box in a perpendicular plane.

For fixing and subsequent movement, ordinary furniture guides are used.

An engine is attached to the top of the board. In this case, the power of the electric motor is 800W, and the speed is 3000 rpm. Depending on your needs, you can use an engine with other parameters.

Next, the shaft should be fixed on the board at such a distance that the belt drive normally connects two pulleys, one of which is located at the end of the motor shaft, and the second on the horse shafts of the saw blade. Applied here homemade shaft with one bearing.

From a metal profile of a square section, you need to make a U-shaped structure. In the upper part of the U-shaped structure, a special metal holder of square section is welded to the horizontal bar. The length of the holder must be less than the length of the marker.

To fix the marker in the holder, holes are drilled on the top plate. A metal nut is welded over each hole, into which a bolt is screwed. Two bolts will be enough for a secure fixation. The adjustable marker is very convenient when changing sawing discs of different diameters.

It is enough just to install the desired disk and use a plumb line to align the marker with the level of the edge of the disk. The fastening of the marker must correspond to the position of the saw blade in all planes. This allows you to move the disk coaxially along the rotating workpiece by simply moving the marker along the prepared template.

The whole machine is assembled from two channels and metal corners for the scabbard. On which the engine is fixed, rotating wooden blank. In this case, a 1200W electric motor is used.

Can be used as a frame old frame from some other machine. For ease of operation, it is better to place the engine on a removable metal plate, which allows you to move the structure with the workpiece, both in a vertical plane and in a horizontal one.

The clamping headstock is made of four metal plates in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. Two nuts are welded into the end walls of the clamping headstock, into which a metal screw is screwed. A cone with a cartridge is installed at the end of the screw.

In the case when you need to exclude the possibility of contamination of the environment with sawdust from the operation of the machine or to minimize the percentage of contamination, you should make a hood.

The saw blade is covered with a metal casing, to which a flexible corrugated hose and a compressor unit for creating an air flow of a given power.

Video: making a copier for a wood lathe.

Lathes are specialized equipment used for the manufacture of wood products. It is on such a machine that legs for furniture are made, door handles, balusters and other wood products. There are many models of modern lathes with different prices.

Wood lathe models

Exist a large number of different models lathes, they can divided into the following types:

• Standard machines, depending on the product, processing on such a device is carried out in the center, in a special chuck or faceplate. The design of the equipment includes an electric motor, a steel frame, cutters, chucks and a control system.
• Copying tools, with their help, produce the same type of wood products, in large quantities. Manual devices are cheaper and will profitable option for small industries.
• Milling machines, on which wood processing is done along the axis of the product. The work is done with a milling cutter and a circular saw.
• Machines for twisted flutes, the equipment can carry out standard operations, as well as figured cutting on the sides of products. Electronic control greatly facilitates the work, and the possibility of simultaneous processing of two products, increase productivity and save time.

Copy lathe for wood Proma DSL-1200

Lathe intended for processing wooden products, turning profiles and decorative details. Feature device - the presence of two incisors. One is mounted on a steady rest and is used for processing round blanks, removing up to 10 mm of material in one pass. With this cutter you can make round workpieces different diameters. Settings are set on a special device.

The second cutter is installed in the copy carriage and grinds parts according to the copier. original mount, allows you to quickly prepare the machine for work.

For the manufacture of long products, the delivery set includes a steady rest, which is mounted on guide rods as a support and eliminates the deflection of a long workpiece. By installing a faceplate, the machine will allow you to process multifaceted products.

Characteristics:

• Voltage - 380V.
• Center height - 215 mm.
• Weight - 395 kg.
• Dimensions - 2105x1000x1225 mm.

Price - 255803r.

4-spindle copy lathe T4M-0

Model T4M-0 is equipped with a horizontal grinding unit, which is capable of processing 4 workpieces simultaneously on a copier (lace legs of tables and chairs, musical instruments).

• The cast bed and balanced parts avoid vibration, increasing the processing speed of large workpieces.
• The shaft is set automatically at the beginning of the cycle and returns to its original position after processing is completed.
• Pneumatic clamp on spindles.
• Adjustable shaft feed speed.
• Smooth adjustment of the spindle speed using the block.

Characteristics:

Additional equipment:

• 7.3 kW engine.
• Inventory speed control.
• Expansion of working space up to 1500 mm.

Price - 49700r.

Copy lathe for wood CL-1201

The CL-1201 machine is used in manufacturing industries, for turning rounded products with a diameter of up to 1200 mm and processing parts cylindrical shape. Opportunities for processing, clamps are provided: faceplate, chuck, centers.

Features of the lathe:

• A heavy spindle is equipped with a device that controls the speed of rotation, which allows high-quality processing of workpieces based on the mass, dimensions, type of wood.
• The spindle can change the direction of rotation, providing good handling wood of any density.
• The control and adjustment of the lathe is carried out from a portable console, which, at the request of the user, can be placed on the front or rear column.
• The stability of the machine is ensured by a bed made of steel, and the rear columns are made of cast iron. This achieves minimal vibration during operation and improves the quality of processing.
• The base allows you to process workpieces up to 1270 mm long, and additional sections up to 1270 mm can be used to increase.
• The mechanism for copying is included in the basic delivery, which greatly expands the possibilities.
• The milling attachment allows you to make longitudinal grooves along the entire length of the workpiece.
• The mobile caliper moves over the entire surface of the part. The control is carried out by a flywheel. Depth of processing is regulated by the lever
• With the help of the tailstock, the accuracy of processing long parts is increased.
• The degree of protection of the machine is IP54, the engine is reliably protected from overheating and overload, and electronic parts from moisture and dust.

AT standard equipment includes:

• Copier and template holder.
• Knife support 254 mm.
• Mounting washer 254 mm.
• revolving center.
• 2 straight cutters
• Chisel stand.
• Mobile lunette.
• Spindle speed control devices.

Price - 153588r.

Copy Wood Lathe CL-1201A

The device is produced by the Austrian company Stomana, which has been supplying equipment for over 20 years. The device is designed for processing wood and rounding products up to 1270 mm long, from materials of different densities. The copier is delivered in a basic configuration, with its help, products are produced according to the sample.

Included in delivery lathe includes:

• Copier and stand for templates.
• Knife support.
• The mechanism for drawing spiral channels.
• revolving center.
• Leading center with a diameter of 20 mm.
• Mounting washer.
• 2 cutters.
• Lunette stand.

Copy lathe for wood KTF-7

The turning device KTF-7 is used for processing wood on stationary and rotating workpieces. Equipment uses disc tool for milling which increases performance and service life. This scheme allows you to get parts that cannot be made on a conventional lathe:

• Profile polyhedra.
• Surfaces with a screw profile.
• Profile grooves on the product.

Work on the turning device is carried out according to a template with automatic feeding blanks, in two passes. With forward movement, roughing occurs, with reverse movement, finishing. Semi-automatic operation increases productivity and the number of irregularities on the surface of the wood during processing. The device is equipped with a mount for a manual cutter.

Characteristics:

• Voltage - 380V.
• The maximum length of the part is 1200 mm.
• Center height - 215 mm.
• Weight - 740 kg.
• Dimensions - 2100x900x1049 mm.