Determination of the specific effective activity of building materials. Determination of the specific effective activity of building materials Specific effective activity aeff

Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation - GOST R 1.0-2004 "Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic Provisions»

About the standard

1 DEVELOPED by the State Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research, Design and Design and Technological Institute of Organic Fertilizers and Peat" of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry" named after. D.N. Pryanishnikova Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology" of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

2 INTRODUCED technical committee according to standardization TC 25 "Quality of soils and soils"

3 APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Order No. 1229-st of December 15, 2009 of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also placed in the information system common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

GOST R 53745-2009

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FERTILIZERS ORGANIC

Methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

organic fertilizers. Methods for determination of specific effective activity of natural radioactive nuclei

Introduction date - 2011-01-01

1 area of use

This standard applies to organic fertilizers, including sapropels, peat from various deposits, and establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural (natural) radionuclides to assess the compliance of organic fertilizers, including sapropels, peat, with radioactive safety standards.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards:

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is designed to establish the compliance of organic fertilizers, peat with radiation safety standards.

4.2.2 Measuring instruments

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer (for example, "PROGRESS-GAMMA") with the following technical specifications:

The energy range of the registered gamma radiation is from 0.1 to 3.0 MeV;

The lower limit of measurements of the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

The error in measuring the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Reference radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

A set of containers for weighing organic fertilizers, peat of a fixed volume with lids;

Laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes 5 mm in diameter;

Drying cabinet;

Table dial scales - byGOST 29329or laboratory - according toGOST 24104.

4.2.3 Procedure for preparing equipment for measurements

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the certified measurement procedure on this radiometric setup.

4.2.4 Measurement procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

Measurement of NRN specific activities in solid types organic fertilizers, peat is carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points indicated in and . Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a particle size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume used in the radiometric installation of the container, a sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the type of fertilizer, peat, address of the enterprise that sent the sample, place and date of sampling.

Measurement of NRN specific activities in organic fertilizers, peat is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample with a particle size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To measure NPH specific activities, the resulting representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are made in accordance with the certified measurement procedure on this radiometric setup.

4.2.5 Processing and presentation of measurement and control results

4.2.5.1 Processing of the results and evaluation of the measurement error is carried out in accordance with the certified measurement procedure on this radiometric unit separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 The arithmetic mean values of the specific activities of each radionuclide ( BUT j) by five weights

where i = 1, 2, ..., n- sample number;

Absolute measurement error BUT j calculated according to the formula

(4)

where Dj - absolute error of measurement of specific activityj-th radionuclide in sample portions, evaluated in accordance with the certified measurement procedure on this radiometric unit.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity of NRN (AEFF) for a representative sample is calculated according to the formula () using BUT j, for each radionuclide.

Absolute measurement error A EFF calculated according to the formula

where DRa, DTh and DK - measurement errors, estimated in accordance with the certified measurement procedure for a given measuring instrument.

4.2.5.4 The result of measuring the specific effective activity of NRN in controlled organic fertilizer, peat and establishing their class is taken as the value calculated by the formula

AEFF.M = AEFF + D.(6)

4.2.5.5 The results of measurements of the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizers, peat are recorded in a log, which indicates:

Name of fertilizer, peat;

Name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

Location of sampling points;

Date of sampling and measurements;

Specific activity of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

Specific effective activity with an error;

Surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in form 2, given in Appendix.

5 Quality control of measurement results

Quality control of measurement results in the laboratory involves checking the stability of measurement results, taking into account the requirementsGOST R ISO 5725-6.

Laboratories that measure the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizers (peat) must comply with the requirementsGOST R ISO/IEC 17025 and .

6 Safety requirements and personnel qualifications

Radiochemists or agricultural chemists working or temporarily involved in radiochemical analysis and the preparation of reference preparations should be guided by -.

When operating radiometers, the rules and requirements must be observed.

Radiochemical analyzes should be performed by personnel with a special higher or secondary chemical education.

Radiometric measurements should be carried out by personnel with the appropriate qualification group for safety when working on electrical installations according to.

All personnel involved in conducting analyzes and radiometric measurements must be approved by medical authorities to work with radioactive sources.

Protocol for measuring the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizer (peat)

A.1 Form 1 of the protocol for measuring the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizer (peat)

Protocol No._______

in organic fertilizer (peat)

Name of organic fertilizer (peat), batch, vehicle

_____________________________________________________________________________

The date_________________________________________________________________________

Operator_____________________________________________________________________

Appliance _____________________________________________________________________________

Checkpoint numberj	Breakpoint Anchor	measurement conditions,t, ° C, air humidity	Measurement No.	Radiometer reading BUT i	Error D	AEFF.T	Measurement errorAEFF.T

The results of measurements of the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizer (peat)AEFF.P

_____________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion on compliance with the requirements of NRB 99/2009_______________________________________________

A.2 Form 2 of the protocol for measuring the specific effective activity of NRN in organic fertilizer (peat)

Protocol No. _______
measurements of the specific effective activity of NRN
in organic fertilizers (peat)

1 Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate

2 Date of measurement

3 Measurement method

4 Name of organic fertilizer (peat)

5 Name of manufacturer or consumer

6 Number and location of control points

7 Measurement results of a representative sample

Sample number	Specific activity, Bq/kg			Measurement error	AEFF.M
Sample number	226Ra	232Th	40 K	Measurement error	AEFF.M




						Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for soil quality
	MU 2.6.1.1868-04	Implementation of indicators of radiation safety and conditions of objects environment, incl. food raw materials and food products, into the system of social and hygienic monitoring
	RD 153-34.0-03.150-00	Intersectoral rules on labor protection (safety rules) during the operation of electrical installations. Approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of January 5, 2001 No. 3 and the order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2000 No. 163

Keywords : organic fertilizers, peat, natural radionuclides, specific activity, specific effective activity, express, laboratory methods, control tools, preparation of instruments, analysis progress, processing of results

Construction materials and products
Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides
GOST 30108-94
(as amended December 17, 1997, December 4, 2000)

1 area of use

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) and building products(slabs facing, decorative and other products made of natural stone, brick and wall stones), as well as waste industrial production used directly as building materials or as a raw material for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for the evaluation of building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A, and the procedure for monitoring.

Change N 1, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 N 18-70, section 2 of this GOST has been amended
See the text of the section in the previous edition

2. Regulatory references

This standard uses references to the following standards:
GOST 8.326-89 GSI. Metrological certification of measuring instruments. Basic provisions.
GOST 8.513-84 GSI. Verification of measuring instruments. Organization and procedure.
GOST 24104-88 Laboratory balance general purpose and exemplary. General specifications.

Instead of GOST 24104-88, by the Decree of the Russian Federation of October 26, 2001 N 439-st, from July 1, 2002, GOST 24104-2001 was put into effect

GOST 29329-92 Scales for static weighing. General technical requirements.

3. Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

In this standard, the following terms and symbols apply:
Natural radionuclides (NRN)- the main radioactive nuclides of natural origin contained in building materials: radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th), potassium 40K);
Specific activity of the radionuclide (A)- the ratio of the activity of the radionuclide in the sample to the mass of the sample, Bq/kg;
Specific effective activity NRN (A eff)- the total specific activity of NRN in the material, determined taking into account their biological effect on the human body according to the formula

where A Ra , A Th , A K - specific activities radium, thorium, potassium, respectively, Bq/kg.

4. Methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

This International Standard establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials and products.

4.1. express method

4.1.1. Purpose of the method

Express method is intended for carrying out:
- periodical and input control bulk building materials and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as bulk materials), as well as building products in accordance with current regulatory documents;
- preliminary assessment developed rocks in a career (Appendix D).

The condition for using the express method is the absence of contamination of materials and products with technogenic radionuclides.

4.1.2. Controls

4.1.2.1. Portable radiometers of specific effective activity NRN using the gamma spectrometric measurement method (for example, RKP-305MS type), with the following technical characteristics:
- the lower limit for determining the value of A eff is not more than 100 Bq/kg;
- relative error in determining the value of A eff not more than 30%.

4.1.2.2. Control radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings.

Change N 1, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 N 18-70, paragraph 4.1.2.3 of this GOST has been amended

4.1.2.3. The radiometric equipment used must be subject to mandatory state metrological tests in accordance with GOST 8.326 and GOST 8.513, confirmed by a certificate of state metrological certification, and be completed with measurement procedures certified in the prescribed manner, ensuring the introduction of the necessary corrections and an assessment of the error of the results in real measurements.

4.1.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for measurements and monitoring its performance

Preparation of equipment for measurements is carried out in accordance with the instructions for its operation.

To check the operation of the equipment, before and after the performance of working measurements, measurements are taken using a control source. The difference in readings between these measurements should not exceed 5%.

4.1.4. Control procedure

4.1.4.1. When controlling bulk materials in a warehouse, control points are selected:
- on cones or stacks - along the perimeters of horizontal sections with an interval of no more than 10 m, the height of the lower section from the base of the cone or stack must be at least 1 m;
- on the alluvium map - at the nodes of a rectangular network 10 × 10 m.

4.1.4.2. When incoming control of bulk building materials, control points are selected in each vehicle at a distance of at least 1 m from the side wall:
- in railway transport (gondola car and platform) - at least two points;
- in road transport- one point in the center of the body;
- on the water transport(on a barge - site or bunker ships) - at least two points located along the axis of the vessel.

4.1.4.3. When inspecting building products, they form a rectangular prism with a base of at least 1.2 × 1.2 m and a height of 0.5 m, or choose a pallet (package) of products not laid in a herringbone pattern with dimensions not less than those indicated and in the center of the upper plane of the products, a control point is selected.

4.1.4.4. The measurements are carried out by installing the radiometer detection unit at the control point on flat surface material. The surface is taken as a flat one, on which the dimensions of the protrusions (cavities) do not exceed the diameter of the detection unit.

At each control point, at least three consecutive measurements are carried out.

4.1.4.5. To reduce the influence of lateral radiation on the results of measurements, measurements should be carried out at a distance of at least 20 m from buildings, structures, rock masses and building materials and products.

4.1.5. Rules for processing measurement results

4.1.5.1. For the result of determining the value of A eff at the control point, take the value determined by the formula:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n is the number of measurements at a given point (n≥3);
A eff.i - the value of A eff at i-th dimension;
Δ - absolute measurement error, estimated in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.1.5.2 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in a batch of material (A eff.p) is taken as the maximum of the values of A eff.t.j obtained during measurements at the control points of this batch.

4.1.6. Rules for registration of control results

The instrument readings and control results are recorded in the log in the form of Appendix B.

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an estimate of the error, the result of determining the value of A eff.p, a preliminary conclusion about the class of material.

In the event that the value of A eff.p determined during the control is equal to the upper limit value established for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2. laboratory method

4.2.1. Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:
- establishing the class of building material (product);
- clarification of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values using the express method;
- product certification.

4.2.2. Controls

4.2.2.1. Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:
- energy range of the registered gamma radiation from 0.1 to 3 MeV;
- the lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;
- relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2. Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

Change N 1, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 N 18-70, paragraph 4.2.2.3 of this GOST has been amended
See the text of the paragraph in the previous edition

4.2.2.3. Auxiliary equipment:
- a set of containers for weights of material of a specified volume with lids;
- laboratory crusher;
- control sieve with round holes diameter 5 mm;
- drying cabinet;
- desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.4. The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of the specific activity of NRN.

4.2.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4. Control procedure

4.2.4.1. Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points specified in 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2. Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of NRN specific activities in building products and facing materials from natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (bricks, slabs, natural stone frames obtained in the production of facing materials) selected upon acceptance of the batch in accordance with the current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

To determine the specific activities of NPH, the obtained representative samples are dried to constant weight, then five containers are filled and the containers are weighed. Bulk density is determined by dividing the sample weight in each container by the volume of the container.

Containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept in room conditions within the time specified by the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2. Containers with weights are sequentially installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are taken in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5. Rules for processing and processing the results of measurements and control

4.2.5.1. The processing of the results and the assessment of the measurement error is carried out in accordance with the methodology for performing measurements separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2. As the results of measurements of the specific activities of NRN in a representative sample, the arithmetic mean values of the specific activities of each radionuclide (A j) for five samples are taken:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n is the sample number.

The absolute error in determining the value of A j is calculated by the formula

where α j is the absolute error in determining the specific activity of the j-th radionuclide in sample portions, estimated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3. The value of specific effective activity NRN (A eff) for a representative sample is calculated in accordance with formula (1) using the values of A j for each radionuclide.

The absolute error in determining the values of A eff is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4. The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

4.2.5.5. The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the materials are recorded in a journal, which should indicate:
- name of the material;
- name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;
- location of sampling points;
- dates of sampling and measurements;
- specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;
- specific effective activity with an error;
- surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6. The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in Appendix B.

Amendment No. 2, approved by Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of December 4, 2000 No. 115, amended to this appendix, effective from April 1, 2001
See the text of the appendix in the previous edition

Annex A
(mandatory)

Criteria for making a decision on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards (Temporary criteria for organizing control and decision-making, approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the USSR A.I. Kondrusev, N 5789-91 of 10.06.91)

Note- If necessary, in the national regulations in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits specified in the table.

Journal of radiation monitoring of building materials (products)

Measured material, batch, vehicle _____________________________
The date _______________________________________________________________________
Operator _________________________________________________________________
Device _________________________________________________________________________

Control point number j	Breakpoint Anchor	Measurement conditions, t°C, air humidity	Point measurement results			A eff.t
Control point number j	Breakpoint Anchor	Measurement conditions, t°C, air humidity	measurement number i	radiometer readings A eff.i	error Δ	A eff.t
			1
			2
			3

The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in
building materials (products) A eff.p _______________________________
Conclusion on the class of material ______________________________________________

Protocol
tests to determine the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials (products)

1. Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate (certificate of state metrological certification of the radiometric installation)
2. Date of measurement
3. Measurement method
4. Name of material (GOST, TU)
5. Name of the manufacturer or consumer
6. Number and location of control points
7. Results of measurements of a representative sample (number of the test report according to the work log)

Sample number	Specific activity, Bq/kg			Determination error	A eff.m
Sample number	226Ra	232Th	40K	Determination error	A eff.m
1
2
3
4
5

Note- Data on activities are given with indication of measurement errors.

8. Conclusion on the class of material ______________________________________________
9. Position and signature of the person responsible for carrying out measurements ______________

Determination of the specific effective activity of rocks in a quarry

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10 × 10 m.

Control points on the roof and the bottom of the ledge are located along the profile with an interval of no more than 10 m. The distance between the profiles should be from 5 to 10 m, the distance of the profile from the edge of the ledge - from 1 to 5 m.

To take into account the influence of lateral radiation from ledges with a height of more than 1 m, the measured value of A eff should be divided by the correction factor given below.

Control points on the slope of the ledge are located along the profile along the work front with an interval of no more than 10 m at a profile height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the ledge. The correction factor for a height of 1 m is 1.45.

At values of A eff > 370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to assign rocks to II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in Appendix A.

GOST 30108-94

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE
ACTIVITIES OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstromsyre of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

State name	Body name government controlled construction
The Republic of Azerbaijan	Gosstroy of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Republic of Armenia	state architectureRepublic of Armenia
Republic of Belarus	Gosstroy of the Republic of Belarus
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Minstroy Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kyrgyzstan	Gosstroy of the Kyrgyz Republic
The Republic of Moldova	Minarkhstroy Republic of Moldova
the Russian Federation	Gosstroy of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Gosstroy of the Republic of Tajikistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	GoskomarchitektstroyRepublic of Uzbekistan

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO FORCE January 1, 1995 as state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 30, 1994 No. 18-48

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Determination of specific effective activity
natural radionuclides

Building materials and elements. Determination of
specific activity of natural radioactive nuclei

Introduction date 1995-01-01

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to inorganic bulk building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand, cement, gypsum, etc.) to building products (facing slabs, decorative and other products made of natural stone, bricks and wall stones), as well as industrial waste, used directly as building materials or as raw materials for their production, and establishes methods for determining the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides for assessing building materials and products in accordance with the requirements given in, and the procedure for monitoring.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

GOST 8.326-89 GSI. Metrological certification of measuring instruments. Basic provisions

GOST 8.513-84 GSI. Verification of measuring instruments. Organization and procedure

where A Ra, BUT th, BUT k - specific activities of radium, thorium, potassium, respectively, Bq/kg.

4 METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

This International Standard establishes express and laboratory methods for determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials and products.

4.1 Express method

4.1.1 Purpose of the method

Express method is intended for carrying out:

Periodic and incoming control of bulk building materials and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as bulk materials), as well as building products in accordance with current regulatory documents;

Preliminary assessment of developed rocks in a quarry ().

The condition for using the express method is the absence of contamination of materials and products with technogenic radionuclides.

4.1.2 Controls

4.1.2.1 Portable NRN specific effective activity radiometers using the gamma spectrometric measurement method (for example, RKP-305MS type), with the following technical characteristics:

- lower limit of value determination BUT eff not more than 100 Bq/kg;

Relative error in determining the value BUT eff not more than 30%.

4.1.2.2 Reference radionuclide source with activity from 100 to 1000 Bq to check the reproducibility of radiometer readings.

4.1.2.3 The radiometric equipment used must be subject to mandatory state metrological tests in accordance with GOST 8.326 and GOST 8.513, confirmed by certificates, and be completed with measurement procedures certified in the prescribed manner, ensuring the introduction of the necessary corrections and an assessment of the error of the results under real measurement conditions.

4.1.2.3 (Revision, Rev. No. 1).

4.1.3 Order preparation of equipment for measurements and control of its performance

Preparation of equipment for measurements is carried out in accordance with the instructions for its operation.

4.1.4 Control procedure

The log records the date of the control, the name of the material (product), the binding of the measurement control points, the characteristics of the measurement conditions (distance from the source of side radiation, air temperature, etc.), instrument readings (values of the specific activity of each radionuclide or the specific effective activity of NRN in the material ) with an error estimate, the result of determining the value BUT eff.p, preliminary conclusion about the material class.

If the value determined during the control BUT eff.p is equal to the upper limit value set for the corresponding class, the material must be assigned to the next class.

4.2 Laboratory method

4.2.1 Purpose of the method

The laboratory method is intended for:

Establishing the class of building material (product);

Refinements of the class of building material (product) in case of obtaining boundary values using the express method;

4.2.2 Controls

4.2.2.1 Radiometric setup based on a stationary gamma spectrometer with the following technical characteristics:

The energy range of the registered gamma radiation is from 0.1 to 3 MeV;

The lower limit for determining the specific activity of each NRN is not more than 50 Bq/kg;

The relative error in determining the specific activity of NRN is not more than 20% at a confidence level of 0.95.

4.2.2.2 Set of certified measures (standard samples) of NRN specific activity.

4.2.2.3 Auxiliary equipment:

A set of containers for weighing material of a specified volume with lids;

Laboratory crusher;

Control sieve with round holes 5 mm in diameter;

Desktop dial scales according to GOST 29329 or laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.

4.2.2.3. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

4.2.2.4 The radiometric installation must have a certificate of state metrological certification and a duly certified procedure for performing measurements of NRN specific activity.

4.2.3. The procedure for preparing equipment for testing

Preparation of the radiometric setup for measurements and measurements are carried out in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.4. Control procedure

4.2.4.1 Sampling and preparation

The determination of the specific activities of NRN in bulk materials is carried out on test portions taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample is obtained by mixing and quartering at least 10 incremental samples taken from the control points indicated in and . Sampling is carried out in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory documents. A representative sample with a grain size of more than 5 mm is crushed to a grain size of less than 5 mm. Depending on the volume of the container used in the radiometric installation, a sample mass of 2.5 to 10 kg is packed in a double bag, between the walls of which a sample passport is placed with the name of the material, the address of the enterprise that sent the sample, the place and date of sampling.

Determination of the specific activities of NRN in building products and facing materials made of natural stone is also carried out on samples taken from a representative sample.

A representative sample weighing from 2.5 to 10 kg is obtained by grinding products (brick, slabs, near natural stone, obtained in the production of facing materials), selected upon acceptance of a batch in accordance with current regulatory documents. It is allowed to use the material obtained by determining the compressive, tensile or bending strength of products, or specially prepared samples.

A representative sample with a grain size of less than 5 mm is packed in a double bag as above.

The containers are hermetically sealed, labeled and kept at room conditions for the time specified in the procedure for performing measurements to obtain the NRN radioactive equilibrium.

4.2.4.2 Containers with weights are successively installed in the radiometric setup and measurements are made in accordance with the measurement procedure.

4.2.5 Rules for processing and processing the results of measurements and control

4.2.5.1 The results are processed and the measurement error is assessed in accordance with the measurement procedure separately for each sample and for each of the NRN.

4.2.5.2 The arithmetic mean values of the specific activities of each radionuclide ( BUT j) for five samples:

where i = 1, 2, ..., n¾ hanger number.

The absolute error in determining the value BUT j is calculated by the formula

(4)

where a j - absolute error in determining the specific activity j-th radionuclide in sample portions, evaluated in accordance with the procedure for performing measurements on a radiometric installation.

4.2.5.3 The value of the specific effective activity of NRN ( BUT eff) for a representative sample is calculated according to using the values BUTj for each radionuclide.

The absolute error in determining the values BUT eff is calculated by the formula

4.2.5.4 The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in the controlled material and establishing the class of the material is taken as the value determined by the formula

(6)

4.2.5.5 The results of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in materials are recorded in a log, which should indicate:

Name of material;

Name of the manufacturer or consumer enterprise;

Location of sampling points;

Dates of sampling and measurements;

Specific activities of radium, potassium, thorium with errors;

Specific effective activity with error;

Surname, position and signature of the person who carried out the measurements.

4.2.5.6 The results of testing the material are drawn up in the form of a test report in the form given in.

APPENDIX A

(mandatory)

Criteria for deciding on the use of building materials in accordance with hygienic standards

Specific effective activity ( BUT eff), Bq/kg	Material class	Application area
Up to 370		All types of construction
St. 370 to 740		road construction within settlements and zones of promising development, construction of industrial facilities
From 740 to 1500		Road construction outside built-up areas
St. 1500 to 4000		The issue of using the material is decided in agreement with the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision

Note - If necessary, in the national norms in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

APPENDIX B
(recommended)

JOURNAL OF RADIATION CONTROL
BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

	Number checkpointj	Binding checkpoint	Conditions measurements,t° C, air humidity	Point measurement results			A eff.t
	Number checkpointj	Binding checkpoint	Conditions measurements,t° C, air humidity	measurement number i	radiometer readings BUT eff.i	error D	A eff.t



The result of determining the specific effective activity of NRN in building materials (products) BUT eff.p _______________________ Conclusion on the class of material ______________________________

APPENDIX B

TEST REPORT
ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NRN IN BUILDING MATERIALS (PRODUCTS)

1 Name of the organization and department that carried out the measurements, number of the accreditation certificate (certificate of state metrological certification of the radiometric installation)

2 Date of measurement

3 Measurement method

4 Material name (GOST, TU)

5 Name of manufacturer or consumer

6 Number and location of control points

7 Measurement results of a representative sample (number of the test report according to the work log)

H omer hinges	Specific activity, Bq/kg			Error definitions	BUT eff.m
H omer hinges	226Ra	232Th	40K	Error definitions	BUT eff.m



4

Note - Data on activities are given with indication of errors.
measurements.

8 Statement of material class ____________________________

9 Position and signature of the person responsible for carrying out the measurements
_____________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY
ROCKS IN THE QUARRY

Control points along the bottom of the quarry are located at the nodes of a rectangular network 10 ´ 10 m

To take into account the influence of lateral radiation from ledges with a height of more than 1 m, the measured value BUT eff should be divided by the correction factor below.

Distance between control point and ledge slope, m
Correction factor

For values BUT eff > 370 Bq/kg, the sampling interval should be reduced to delineate anomalous areas in order to classify rocks as II, III or IV classes of building materials in accordance with the requirements given in.

Keywords: inorganic bulk building materials, industrial waste, specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30108-94

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC EFFECTIVE
ACTIVITIES OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the NIISF Institute with the participation of VNIPIIstromsyre of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (MNTKS) on March 14, 1994

State name	Name of the public administration body for construction
The Republic of Azerbaijan	Gosstroy of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Republic of Armenia	state architectureRepublic of Armenia
Republic of Belarus	Gosstroy of the Republic of Belarus
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Minstroy Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kyrgyzstan	Gosstroy of the Kyrgyz Republic
The Republic of Moldova	Minarkhstroy Republic of Moldova
the Russian Federation	Gosstroy of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Gosstroy of the Republic of Tajikistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	GoskomarchitektstroyRepublic of Uzbekistan

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on January 1, 1995 as the state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 30, 1994 No. 18-48