Personnel actions for mechanical removal of hand contamination. Organization of the work of a pharmacy serving the population. Requirements for the cleanliness of the hands of doctors

Distinguish between hygienic and surgical disinfection. Hygienic hand disinfection aims to neutralize microbes that are on the skin after contact with an infected object or are part of the skin's natural flora.

Hygienic hand disinfection necessary in the following cases: before and after contact with a patient who is to undergo surgery, after contact with blood, saliva. Such disinfection is carried out before putting on sterile gloves. For this purpose, rubbing the skin with an alcohol-containing antiseptic or washing with antiseptic soap is used.

aim surgical hand disinfection is the removal of transient flora and resistant flora from the hands to prevent transmission of infection through the hands. Surgical disinfection is also carried out in two ways: wiping and washing. Alcohol solutions are the most convenient and effective, as they have a fast action, a wide range of effects on microorganisms, are well perceived by the skin, and have a duration of action.

Hand treatment with alcohol-based skin antiseptic
Rub the antiseptic for hygienic processing of hands! Wash your hands only if visible contamination is present! The movements of each stage are repeated five times, constantly making sure that the hands remain wet during the entire treatment. If necessary, use a new portion of the disinfectant solution. Currently, an alcohol solution of 0.5% chlorhexidine bigluconate in 70% ethyl alcohol is used to treat hands.

Hand washing technique with soap and water
Wash your hands only if visible contamination is present! In all other cases, rub the antiseptic! Hands are washed in warm running water (hands and forearms) with soap for 2 minutes, then wiped with a sterile gauze or towel.


The presence of rings and watches is unacceptable, sterile brushes are used only for nails and are used only once at the beginning of the working day.

Putting on and removing sterile gloves is also carried out in a certain sequence:

Treatment operating field or injection site. To treat the skin or mucous membrane of the surgical field, iodonate, iodopyrone, chlorhexidine bigluconate are used. It is forbidden to use tincture of iodine, as it causes a burn.

Mask use

Wash hands before and after putting on and taking off the mask

When putting on the mask, avoid touching the front of the mask.

Change every 2 hours and when dirty or wet

A new mask is used for each invasive procedure

It is forbidden to reuse the mask after removal

After removal, the mask should not remain hanging around the neck.

Goggles and face shield, apron, gown

The robe and cap must be clean and ironed.

Collection of class A and B waste

Class A - non-hazardous waste of healthcare facilities (not having contact with the biological fluids of patients, infectious patients, non-toxic waste - food waste from all departments, except for infectious ones, non-infected paper, construction waste). Places of education: chambers of departments of health care facilities; administrative and utility rooms of health care facilities; central catering units, canteens of departments; out-of-building territory of medical facility

Collection class A waste carried out in reusable containers or disposable bags. The color of the packages can be any, except for yellow and red. Disposable bags are placed on special trolleys or inside reusable containers. Waste collection containers and trolleys must be marked "Waste. Class A". Filled reusable containers or disposable bags are delivered using small-scale mechanization and reloaded into labeled containers designed to collect waste of this class, installed on a special site (room). The reusable container after emptying is subject to washing and disinfection.

For organizations that have the issue of household Wastewater into the city sewerage system, the preferred system for the disposal of food raw materials and prepared food waste from catering units and canteens is the discharge of food waste into the city sewerage system by equipping internal sewerage food waste grinders (disposers).

Temporary storage of food waste in the absence of a specially allocated refrigeration equipment allowed no more than 24 hours.

Class A bulky waste is collected in special bulky waste bins. Surfaces and aggregates of bulky waste that have had contact with infected material or patients are subject to mandatory disinfection before they are placed in a storage bin.

Class B - hazardous waste (risk) (potentially infected waste materials and tools contaminated with biological fluids, patient excretions, pathological waste, organic operational waste, waste from infectious diseases departments, microbiological laboratories working with pathogenicity classes 3-4, vivarium biological waste) . Places of education: operating rooms; resuscitation; procedural; dressings; infectious; dermatovenerological departments of medical and prophylactic institutions; honey. and pathological laboratories.

Class B waste collected in disposable soft (bags) or hard (non-puncture) packaging (containers) yellow color or marked yellow.

soft packaging(single-use bags) must be fixed on special carts or containers.

After filling the bag no more than 3/4, the employee responsible for the collection of waste in this medical unit ties the bag or closes it using tie tags or other devices that prevent Class B waste from spilling out. Solid (non-piercing) containers are closed with lids. Displacement of class B waste outside the unit in open containers is not allowed.

During the final packaging of class B waste to remove it from the subdivision (organization), disposable containers (bags, tanks) with class B waste are marked with the inscription "Waste. Class B" with the name of the organization, subdivision, date and surname of the person responsible for waste collection.

Class B medical waste from departments in closed disposable containers (bags) is placed in containers and then transferred to a waste management site or a temporary storage room for medical waste, until it is transported by specialized organizations to the place of disinfection / neutralization. Access of unauthorized persons to the temporary storage of medical waste is prohibited.

Class B pathological and organic operational waste (organs, tissues) are subject to cremation (burning) or burial in cemeteries in special graves in a specially designated area of ​​cemeteries. Disinfection of such waste is not required.


Similar information.


It is possible to prevent the spread of diseases and germs with the help of such a simple procedure as hand sanitization. Hand sanitizing levels depend on the level of human contact with the potential hazard, as well as the professional action. The rules of such disinfection should be familiar not only to every professional medical worker, but also to a simple layman.

Types of microflora

What is the method of hand treatment? Hand sanitizing levels depend on the tasks and work being performed. medical officer. Since it is not possible to completely cleanse the skin of pathogenic bacteria, it must be disinfected on an ongoing basis. For general information, it is necessary to give a basic classification of microflora:

It should be noted that on the skin of the hands there are the most problematic areas, which are quite problematic to clean from such contaminants. These include the ridges near the nails and the space under the nails, as well as the spaces between the fingers.

The first methods of processing hands appeared and began to be used in the middle of the 19th century. So, at first, a phenol solution was used for disinfection. Currently, it is customary to practice somewhat different methods.

Classification of skin disinfection methods

So, how exactly is the classification of such a procedure as hand treatment carried out? Hand processing levels are represented by three types of manipulations:

  • Normal processing.
  • Hygienic treatment.
  • Surgical treatment.

Let's analyze the features of each method in a little more detail.

First stage

Ordinary washing is the easiest and accessible method purification. Its task is to eliminate dirt and a number of bacteria carried from dirty surfaces and infected people. medical specialists wash their hands before starting work, after receiving a patient, changing clothes, as well as moving to another office or to another place of work. The procedure can be used:


Efficiency easy wash is no more than 70 percent with a double repetition and no more than 40 percent with a single repetition. Before the procedure, it is recommended to remove all Jewelry and watch, and carefully rub the cleanser into the skin, then rinse completely and repeat the manipulations. The soap used should not contain additional flavors or dyes, it should be neutral.

Second step

The treatment of the hands of medical staff is often carried out by a hygienic method. It is carried out, as a rule, in the following cases:


Similar hygienic treatment involves two stages. At the first stage, a classic hand washing is carried out, at the second, disinfection is added with an alcohol-containing antiseptic.

Hygienic or medical treatment hands can be carried out using the following types of antiseptics:

  • Bactericidal soap (in liquid form).
  • Alcoholic solutions designed specifically for the treatment of the skin.
  • bactericidal gel.

An alcohol-free product is applied to wet skin in an average amount of 3 to 5 milliliters. Alcohol-based products are used on dry skin, they need to be rubbed for about 15-20 seconds. It is allowed to add a small amount of glycerin or lanolin to the antiseptic to soften the skin and prevent it from drying out.

Third step

It is the third and most total method of disinfection. Its implementation is relevant for all participants in the surgical intervention. It is carried out according to the following algorithm:

  • Hand washing. It lasts for 2 minutes, after treatment of the skin it is necessary to dry it with a sterile material.
  • The use of an antiseptic. With its help, hands, wrists, and, if necessary, forearms are processed. There are special rules for the amount of its use, as well as the frequency of use.

It should be noted that debridement hands can be carried out exclusively with antiseptics containing alcohol. These include the following drugs:

Treatment with significant contamination

Separately, it is necessary to touch on the question of how the hands of the medical staff are processed when the patient's blood gets on them. If the biological fluid has got directly on the skin, it is required to act according to the following algorithm:

  • Remove the resulting contamination with a napkin.
  • Cleanse skin with soap and water.
  • Dry the affected area with a disposable sterile cloth.
  • Twice to carry out the treatment with alcohol antiseptic.

If contamination has got on the surface of the glove, the procedure undergoes certain changes. They are represented by the following diagram:

  • Removal of contamination from the material with a disinfectant wipe.
  • Washing gloved hands with water.
  • Removing gloves.
  • Hand washing with soap, drying.
  • Single use of antiseptic for the treatment of the skin of the hands.

There are also general rules hand treatment. They boil down to the following requirements and recommendations:


Types of drugs

How to choose the right hand sanitizer? When choosing one or another tool, use the following recommendations:


Of course, medical workers have specific documents prescribing how hand treatment should be carried out. Hand sanitizing levels determine the type of disinfectant used. For example, let us dwell in more detail on the means for surgical treatment:

  • Alcohols. Optimal solution- ethyl 70%. Excellent help against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, affect individual viruses and fungi.
  • Solutions based on iodine and alcohol - a wide spectrum of action. They help against bacteria, including causative agents of tuberculosis, spores, viruses, protozoa, and fungi.
  • Iodophors. They help against rotoviruses, herpes, HIV infection, staphylococci and spores.
  • Chlorhexidine. It has a narrower spectrum of action, targets gram-positive bacteria, certain categories of fungi.

| | sterilization-autoclave, | | | | | | | Distillation | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | Control and analytical, | | 2 | 3 | 1 | | | sterilization solutions, | | | | | | unpacking | | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | Premises for cooking | | 4 | 2 | not | | | drugs in aseptic conditions | | | | Allowed | | | |___________________________________|______|________|_____________| | | Premises storage stock: | | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | a) drugs, | | 2 | 3 | 1 | | | dressings, thermolabile | | | | | | | Drugs and medical supplies | | | | | | Destination | | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | b) herbal medicinal | | 3 | 4 | 3 | | | Raw materials | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | c) poisonous drugs and drugs | | - | 3 | 3 | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | d) flammable and combustible | - | 10 | 5 | | | liquids | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| | 18 C | e) disinfectants, acids, | | - | 5 | 3 | | | Disinfection | | | | |_________|___________________________________|______|________|______| Appendix 5 to the Instructions on the Sanitary Regime of Pharmacy Organizations (Pharmacy) Training of personnel for work in the aseptic unit. Rules of conduct 1. Trained personnel of the aseptic unit should have a special set of sanitary technological clothing: a dressing gown or trouser suit or overalls (optimally, a collar-stand, tied at the waist, cuffs are tight-fitting); safety shoes and shoe covers; hat or helmet with a mask covering the mouth and nose or a hood, if necessary - rubber gloves without talc. The kit must be made from hygienic materials or blended fabrics with minimal lint. 2. A set of clothes is sterilized in biks in steam sterilizers at 120 C for 45 minutes or at 132 C for 20 minutes and stored in closed biks for no more than 3 days. If possible, use a set of disposable sterile clothing. 3. Staff shoes are disinfected before and after work and stored in closed cabinets or in boxes in the gateway. Disinfection is carried out by 2-fold wiping the outside with a solution of chloramine 1% or 0.75% with the addition of 0.5% detergent, or a solution of hydrogen peroxide 3% with 0.5% detergent. In addition, disinfection of shoes is carried out in a bag of cotton wool moistened with a 40% formaldehyde solution or acetic acid 40%, neutralized with ammonia or alkali. 4. Entry and exit in aseptic rooms, the transfer of necessary items and materials should be carried out only through the airlock. At each entrance to the aseptic room, a set of sterile clothing should be changed. 5. When entering the lock put on shoes. It is advisable to provide a two-sided bench with cells for shoes in the lower part. Sitting on a bench, the worker takes off his slippers and places them in an individual cell. Then, throwing his legs over the bench, he turns 180 degrees. and takes a package or bix with sterile technological clothing from an individual shelf or rack. The bench is designed to conditionally separate the stages of preparation. After washing and drying the hands, put on a set of sterile clothing, except for gloves), then treat the hands and, if necessary, put on sterile gloves. 6. During operation, the minimum required number of workers should be in the aseptic unit. Personnel movements should be slow, smooth, rational. Avoid sudden movements, limit conversations and movements. If it is necessary to communicate verbally with an employee outside the aseptic unit, a telephone or other intercom should be used. 7. For notes, pre-cut parchment sheets should be used and ballpoint pens or felt-tip pens, which should be wiped with a lint-free cloth moistened with ethyl alcohol. 8. When working in aseptic conditions, it is prohibited: - to enter the aseptic room in non-sterile clothes and leave the aseptic unit in sterile ones; - have voluminous fleecy clothing under sterile sanitary clothing or in which the employee is on the street; - use cosmetics and aerosol deodorants; - wear watches and jewelry; - bring in personal items (keys, combs, handkerchiefs, etc.); - clean the nose, for this you should go to the airlock, use a sterile handkerchief or napkin; then wash and disinfect hands; - pick up and reuse objects that have fallen on the floor during work; - rub your hands or face, scratch your head, lean over bottles or other containers with medicines; - use pencils, erasers, fountain pens. Appendix 6 to the Instructions on the Sanitary Regime of Pharmacy Organizations (Pharmacy) Processing of personnel's hands 1. Processing of hands is carried out in specially designated places. It is forbidden to wash your hands over the sink for washing pharmacy dishes. 2. For mechanical removal of contaminants and microflora, hands are washed with warm running water with soap for 1-2 minutes, paying attention to the periungual spaces. It is optimal to use soaps with high foaming ability (bath, children's, laundry). Then the hands are rinsed with water to remove soap and treated with disinfectants. 3. In the aseptic block (in the airlock), the hands are wiped dry after rinsing, put on sterile clothes, then the hands are washed off with water and treated with disinfectants. Processing is repeated if the work lasts more than 4 hours. 4. To disinfect the skin of the hands, 70% ethyl alcohol or other alcohol-containing preparations (AKhD-2000, octoniderm, octonisept), a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.5% (in 73% ethyl alcohol), a solution of iodopyrone and other iodophors (iodonate, iodvidone) are used 1% solution of chloramine B 0.5% (in the absence of other drugs) or other means permitted by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for these purposes. 5. When disinfecting hands with alcohol-containing preparations, they are wiped with a gauze cloth moistened with a solution. At the same time, tanning of the skin is achieved; when using solutions of chlorhexidine or iodofrr, the drug is applied to the palms in an amount of 5-8 ml and rubbed into the skin of the hands; when treating hands with a solution of chloramine, they are immersed in the solution and washed for 2 minutes, then the hands are allowed to dry. 6. At the end of work, hands are washed warm water and treated with emollients, for example, a mixture of equal parts glycerin, alcohol, 10% ammonia solution and water, which is thoroughly shaken before use. It is possible to use other emollients, ready-made creams that provide elasticity and strength to the skin of the hands. Head of the Department for the provision of medicines and medical equipment T.G. Kirsanova Appendix 7 to the Instruction on the sanitary regime of pharmacy organizations (pharmacies) Rules for the operation of bactericidal lamps (irradiators) * Bactericidal irradiators are low-pressure gas discharge lamps that emit ultra-violet rays with a wavelength of 254 nm, corresponding to the region of the greatest bactericidal action of radiant energy. The irradiators have open lamps for quick disinfection of air and surfaces in the absence of people and shielded lamps for irradiation upper layers air in the presence of people (in this case, the lower layers of air are disinfected due to convection). 1. The use of open lamps. 1.1. Open bactericidal lamps are used in the absence of people in the breaks between work, at night or at a specially allotted time - before starting work for 1-2 hours. 1.2. Switches for open lamps should be placed in front of the entrance to production room and equip with a signal inscription "Bactericidal lamps are on" or "Do not enter, the bactericidal irradiator is on." The presence of people in rooms in which non-shielded lamps are operating is prohibited. 1.3. Entry into the room is allowed only after the unshielded bactericidal lamp is turned off, and a long stay in the specified room is allowed only 15 minutes after the switch off. 1.4. The installed power of open lamps should not exceed (2-2.5) W of the power consumed from the network per 1 m2 of the room. 2. Use of shielded lamps. 2.1. Air disinfection in the presence of people can be carried out by placing screened bactericidal lamps in special fittings at a height of at least 2 m from the floor. The armature should direct the beams of the lamp upwards at an angle ranging from 5 to 80 ° C above a horizontal surface. 2.2. Screened germicidal lamps can work up to 8 hours a day. If, after 1.5-2 hours of continuous operation of the lamps, in the absence of sufficient ventilation, a characteristic smell of ozone is felt in the air, it is recommended to turn off the lamps for 30-60 minutes. 2.3. When using a tripod irradiation installation for special irradiation of any surfaces, it must be as close as possible to carry out irradiation for at least 15 minutes. 2.4. The installed power of shielded lamps should not exceed 1 W of power consumed from the network per 1 cubic meter. m of premises. 3. The optimal climatic parameters for the operation of bactericidal irradiators are - ambient temperature 18-25 C and relative humidity no more than 65%. 4. Average term The service life of the germicidal lamp is 1500 hours. It is necessary to take into account the duration of the operation of each irradiator in a special log, fixing the time the lamp is turned on and off. Do not use expired germicidal lamps. 5. Exterior finish bactericidal irradiators allows wet sanitization of external surfaces. Head of the department for the provision of medicines and medical equipment T.G. Kirsanova * - Premises where bactericidal lamps are installed: distillation, washing-sterilization, assistant-aseptic, sterilization of dosage forms. Appendix 8 to the Instruction on the sanitary regime of pharmaceutical organizations (pharmacies) Table 1. Means and modes of disinfection of various objects (thermal) Table 2. Means and modes of disinfection of various objects (chemical) Table 1 Means and modes of disinfection of various objects (thermal) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Object name | Disinfectant | Mode of disinfection by thermal methods | Conditions | | | agent | | holding | | | | |______________________________________________|disinfection | | | | temperature C | holding time | | | | | |______________________|______________________| | | | |nominal|limiting|nominal|limiting| | | | |value |deviation|value |deviation| | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| | Products made of glass, metal, | Purified water | | _ | | | Boiling | | heat-resistant polymer | | 96 | + 1 | 30 | +5 | with full | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| | materials, rubber | or water | | | | | | Immersion | | (spatulas, scissors, | cleaned | | | | | products in | | tweezers, tubes, brushes for | with 2% sodium | | | | | water | | hand washing, brushes) | bicarbonate | | | 15 | | Disinfection | | | | | | | | Boiler | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| | | | | _ | | | | | Glassware, | Water | 110 | +2 | 20 | +5 | In steam | | metal, rubber, latex | saturated | | | | | sterilizer, | | | and heat-resistant polymers | steam under | | | | | | Packed in | | | | redundant | | | | | sterilization | | | Pressure | | | | | boxes | | | P=0.05 | | | | | | | | MPA | | | | | | | | (0.5 kgf/ | | | | | | | | cm2) | | | | | | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| |Brushes for washing hands | | 120 | | 20 | | | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| | | | | _ | | | | | Glassware, | Dry hot | | 120 | +4 | 45 | +5 | In the air | | metal | air | | | | | sterilizer | | | | | | | | without packaging | | | | | | | | | (in trays) | | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| | | | | _ | | | | | Rags, rags for | Water | 96 | +1 | 30 | +5 | After washing | | cleaning | | | | | | boiling | | | | | | | | | with full | | | | | | | | | Immersion | | | | | | | | into the water | |_____________________|_______________|___________|__________|___________|__________|________________| Table 2 Means and modes of disinfection of various objects (chemical) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Name | Disinfectant agent | Disinfection mode | Processing method | Methodological * | | object | | | | instructions, N | | | | |_________________________| | | | | | concentration, | exposure, | | | | | | | in% | in minutes | | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | Premises, | 1) chloramine B | | 1 |30-60 |2x wipe |N 1359-75 | | items | | | | Or irrigation | | | | environment, | | | | surfaces from | | | | equipment | | | | Calculation 300 ml / m2 | | | (walls, |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | doors, floor, | 2) chloramine B with | 0.75 | | | | | Rigid | 0.5% detergent | | | | | | | furniture) | funds | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | | 3) hypochlorite | | | | | | | | sodium | 1 | 60 | irrigation | N 9429-71 | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | | 4) hypochlorite | 0.5 | | wiping double | N 15-6/15 | | | | sodium obtained in | | | | with an interval of 15 minutes | 15. | 02.1989 | | | electrochemical | | |200 ml/m2 | | | | installation ELMA-1 | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | | 5) peroxide | | 3 | 60 | followed by | N 858-70 | | | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | wiping dry | 08/29/1970 | | | | Detergent | | | Clean rags | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | Rugs from | 1) chloramine B with | 0.75 | 30 | Immersion in solution | | | porous | 0.5% detergent | | | | | | | rubber | funds | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 2) peroxide | 3 | 30 | Same | | | | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | | | | | Detergent | | | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | Rugs from | | Peroxide | 3 | 30 | " | | | Foam rubber | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | | | | detergent | | | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________ | | | Cleaning | 1) chloramine B | 1 | 60 | Immerse in solution, | | | inventory |________________________|_____________|___________| washed and dried | | | rags | | | | | | | | | 2) dichlor 1 | 2 | 60 | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________| | | | |3) chlordesine | 1 | 60 | | | | |____________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| | | 4) hypochlorite | 1 | 60 | Immersion based on | N 942a-71 | | | sodium | | | 4-5 liters per 1 kg of dry | | | | | | | weight of things | | | | ____________________________| _____________ | ___________ | _____________________ | ______________ | | | 5) hydrochlorite | 0.25 | 60 | Soaking, | N 15-6 /15 | | | sodium obtained in | | | rinsing with | 15.02.89 | | | electrochemical | | | subsequent washing and | | | | installation ELMA-1 | | | drying | | | | ________________________ | _____ _______|___________|_____________________| | | | 6) peroxide | 3 | 120 |Soaking | | | | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | | | | | Detergent | | | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | Hands | 1) ethyl | 20 | | After washing with soap | | | | staff ** | alcohol | | | Wipe with gauze | | | | | | | | napkin moistened | | | | | | | | Solution | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 2) solution | 0.5 | | | | | | Chlorhexidine | | | | | | | | Bigluconate in 70 | | | | | | | |% ethyl alcohol | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 3) solution | | 1 | |(2 and 3) drug | | | | iodopyrone | | | | applied to the palm of | | | | | (iodonate, | | | the amount of 5-8 ml and | | | | iodvidone) | | | rubbed into the skin of the hands | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 4) chloramine B | | 0.5 | | Hands immersed in | | | | | (applied | | | solution and washed in | | | | in the absence of | | | for 2 minutes, then | | | | other preparations) | | | allow to dry | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | Shoes | 1) chloramine B | 1 | | 2-fold wiping | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 2) chloramine B with | 0.75 | | | | | | 0.5% detergent | | | | | | | Funds | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 3) peroxide | 3 | | | | | | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | | | | | Detergent | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 4) solution | | 40 | | In a packer with cotton wool, | | | | | formaldehyde | | | moistened with a solution | | | | | | | | Neutralized | | | | | | | a solution of ammonia or | | | | | | | | alkali | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 5) solution | | 40 | | | | | | acetic acid | | | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | Sanitary - | 1) detergent-disinfectant | 0.5g per | | 5 |Wipe moistened| | | technical | means: "Dichlor-1", | 100 cm2 | | | Rags | | | | equipment | "Squirrel", etc. ; | | | | | | (sinks, | cleaners and disinfectants | | | | | | toilet bowls, etc.) | preparations: "Dezus", | | | | | | | | "Sanita", "Shine-2", | | | | | | | | "PCHD", etc. | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 2) Chloramine B | | 1 | | 2-fold wiping | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 3) Chloramine B with | 0.75 | | The same | | | | | 0.5% detergent | | | | | | | Funds | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | |4) Hypochlorite | | | 2-fold plentiful | | | | sodium | 1 | | irrigation | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | | 5) Hypochlorite | 0.25 | 60 | 2 times wipe | | | | sodium obtained in | | | | followed by | | | | | electrochemical | | | Exposure | | | | | installation ELMA-1 | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________| | | |6) Peroxide | 3.0 | 60 | Irrigation with | | | | hydrogen with 0.5% | | | | Subsequent | | | | | Detergent | | | Rubbing | | | | | | | | rags moistened | | | | | | | | in disinfectant | | | |_____________|________________________|_____________|___________|_____________________|______________| After the end of the treatment (disinfection), the premises must be ventilated. * - See the Collection of the most important official materials on the issues of disinfection, sterilization, disinfestation, deratization. V.1, V.2, M., 1994 ** After finishing work, hands are washed with warm water and treated with emollients. After disinfection by immersion, the products must be washed in running water until the smell of the disinfectant is completely removed. The disinfectant solution should only be used once. Head of the department for the provision of medicines and medical equipment T.G. Kirsanova Appendix 9 to the Instructions for the Sanitary Regime of Pharmacy Organizations (Pharmacy) Processing of closures and auxiliary material 1. New rubber stoppers are washed manually or in washing machine in hot (50-60 C) 0.5% solution detergents type "Lotus", "Astra" within 3 minutes (weight ratio of plugs and detergent solution 1:5); washed 5 times with hot tap water, each time replacing it with fresh, and 1 time with purified water; boiled in 1% sodium bicarbonate solution for 30 minutes, washed 1 time with tap water and 2 times with purified water. Then they are placed in glass or enamel containers, filled with purified water, closed and kept in a steam sterilizer at 120 C for 60 minutes. The water is then drained and the plugs are washed again with purified water. 2. After processing, the corks are sterilized in bixes in a steam sterilizer at 120 C for 45 minutes. Sterile stoppers are stored in closed containers for no more than 3 days. Once opened, the corks must be used within 24 hours. When harvesting for future use, rubber stoppers after processing, without being subjected to sterilization, are dried in an air sterilizer at a temperature not exceeding 50 ° C for 2 hours and stored for no more than 1 year in closed biks or jars in a cool place. Before use, rubber stoppers are sterilized in a steam sterilizer at 120°C for 45 minutes. 3. After inspection and rejection, aluminum caps are kept for 15 minutes in a 1-2% solution of detergents, heated to 70-80 C. The ratio of the mass of the caps to the volume of the washing solution is 1:5. Then the solution is drained and the caps are washed with running tap water, then with purified water. Clean caps are placed in biks and dried in an air sterilizer at a temperature of 50-60 C. Stored in closed containers (biks, jars, boxes) in conditions that exclude their contamination. 4. New polyethylene stoppers are washed several times with tap water (50-60%). In case of contamination of the corks during storage, they are pre-washed using detergents. Then the corks are rinsed with purified water and sterilized by immersion in a fresh 6% hydrogen peroxide solution for 6 hours, after which they are washed with purified water and dried in an air sterilizer at 50-60 C. Dried corks are stored in sterile jars with ground corks, bixes for 3- x days under conditions precluding their contamination. 5. New plastic screw caps are washed several times with tap water (50-60 C), and contaminated ones - with detergents, then dried in an air sterilizer at 50-60 C. Dried corks are stored in closed boxes, boxes, etc. under conditions that prevent contamination. 6. Auxiliary material are placed for sterilization in biks (jars) in a ready-to-use form (parchment and filter paper, gauze is cut into pieces right size; cotton is used to make tampons, etc.). Sterilized in a steam sterilizer at 120 C for 45 minutes, Stored in closed containers or jars for 3 days, after opening the material is used within 24 hours. Head of the Department for the Organization of the Provision of Medicines and Medical Equipment T.G. Kirsanova Appendix 10 to the Instructions on the Sanitary Regime of Pharmacy Organizations (Pharmacy Organizations) Treatment of pharmacy glassware Processing of glassware includes the following technological operations: - disinfection; - soaking and washing (or washing and disinfecting treatment); - rinsing; - drying (or sterilization); - quality control of processing. 1. Disinfection of used utensils Pharmaceutical utensils that were in use, received from the population or from the infectious diseases departments of medical institutions, are subjected to disinfection without fail. For disinfection, use a 1% solution of activated chloramine with immersion of dishes for 30 minutes or a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide with immersion for 80 minutes. Disinfectant solutions are prepared in containers (tanks) made of glass, plastic or enameled (enamel without damage) in the quantities necessary for complete immersion of the processed dishes. Solutions of activated chloramine are prepared by dissolving chloramine in tap water (100 g per 10 l of working solution) followed by the addition of an equal amount of activator (ammonium chloride or sulphate or nitric acid ammonium). To prepare 10 liters of a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, take 1200 ml of perhydropylon, adding it to the appropriate amount of water. Storage of prepared disinfectant solutions should not exceed 24 hours. Reuse the same solution is not allowed. Dishes in a perforated container are lowered into a tank with a disinfectant solution and left for a certain time (30 or 80 minutes). After disinfection, the dishes are washed with running tap water until the smell of the disinfectant disappears and washed with detergent solutions. 2. Washing pharmacy dishes Pharmacy dishes (new and used after disinfection) are soaked in a solution of the available detergent of the appropriate concentration: _____________________________________________________________________________ | Detergent name | concentration | Consumption in g per | | | | 10 l working | | | | solution | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 1. Mustard (powder) | 5.0 | 500.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 2. Sodium bicarbonate | 0.5 | 50.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | soap shavings | 0.5 | 50.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 3. SMS - detergent | | | | synthetic | 1.0 | 100.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 4. Lotus, Astra, etc. | 0.5 | 50.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 5. Progress (liquid) | 0.2 | 20.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| | 6. Dishwasher | 0.5 | 50.0 | |______________________________________|________________|_______________| The detergent is dissolved in water heated to 50-60 s. The dishes are soaked in the solution for 25-30 minutes when fully immersed. Heavily soiled dishes are soaked for a longer time. In the same solution, the dishes are washed with a ruff. When washing dishes with mustard, roughening is done hot water. When using synthetic detergents, washing and rinsing with a washing machine is possible. 3. Washing and disinfecting treatment of dishes It is most rational to treat returnable dishes with solutions of detergents and disinfectants. For this purpose, for heavily soiled dishes, it is advisable to use a 1% solution of chlorocin or 0.2% DP-2 with immersion for 120 minutes. For the rest of the dishes, use a 0.5% solution of chlorine, 0.1% solution of DP-2 or 3% hydrogen peroxide solution with the addition of 0.5% detergent. For the preparation of working solutions, closed containers made of glass, plastic or enameled (enamel without damage) are used. For 10 liters of working solution, you need 50.0 chlorine or 10.0 DP-2 or 1.2 liters of perhydrol with the addition of 50.0 detergent. The dishes are completely immersed in warm solution(40-50 C), kept in it for 15 minutes, then washed in the same solution with a brush. After that, they are washed with running tap water (hot) until the smell of the disinfectant disappears completely, but at least 5-7 times. The final washing of dishes is carried out with purified water. 4. Rinsing of pharmaceutical glassware Glassware is rinsed with tap and purified (distilled) water. Pharmaceutical dishes are rinsed with tap water 7 times, then purified - 1 time. When processing dishes with mustard with tap water, it is enough to rinse 5 times. Glassware intended for the manufacture of sterile solutions is rinsed with tap water 5 times, purified - 3 times. Optimally, the last rinse is carried out with water for injection filtered through a 5 µm filter. 5. Drying and sterilization of dishes Clean dishes are dried and stored in closed cabinets. Vials intended for injection solutions and eye drops are sterilized. Sterilization mode: hot air - at 180 C - 60 minutes or saturated steam under pressure at 120 C - 45 minutes. After lowering the temperature in the sterilizer to 60-70 C, the dishes are removed, closed with sterile stoppers and used to pour solutions. 6. Processing quality control Control of the cleanliness of the washed dishes is carried out visually (selective by the absence of foreign inclusions, stains, smudges, by the uniformity of water flow from the walls of the bottles after rinsing them. If it is necessary to detect possible fatty contamination on the surface of the dishes, control is carried out with a reagent containing Sudan III To do this, the inner surface of the washed and dried dishes are moistened with 3-5 ml of the coloring solution, distributed over the surface under study for 10 seconds, then quickly washed off with a plentiful stream of water. inner surface dishes should not remain yellow spots and smudges. Preparation of a coloring solution: in 70 ml of ethyl alcohol heated to 60-90%, dissolve 0.2 g of crushed paint Sudan III and methyl blue, then add 10 ml of a 20-25% ammonia solution and 20 ml of distilled water and shake. The solution is valid for 6 months. The completeness of flushing of synthetic detergents and detergent-disinfectants is determined by the pH value by the potentiometric method. The pH value of the water purified after the complete rinsing of the dishes must correspond to the pH of the source water taken for the control flush. Tentatively, the presence of detergent residue can be determined by pink coloration with phenol-phthalein. 7. Precautions when working with detergents and disinfectants and first aid The clothing of personnel involved in the preparation and use of solutions of detergents and disinfectants and disinfectants should consist of a dressing gown, scarf, rubber gloves. At the time of dosing the drug, it is necessary to use safety glasses and a respirator (or a 4-layer gauze bandage). If perhydrol gets on the skin, it is immediately washed off with water. If a powdered chlorine-containing agent comes into contact with the skin, this area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin is washed with water and soap, treated with a 2% solution of sodium hyposulfite or sodium bicarbonate. If a solution of the drug gets into the eyes, the eyes should be immediately rinsed with a stream of clean water, then with a 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate for several minutes. If there are signs of inflammation of the mucous membrane in the eyes, it is necessary to drip a solution of sodium sulfacyl, with soreness - a 2% solution of novocaine. After finishing work, face and hands should be washed with soap. Head of the Department for the Organization of the Provision of Medicines and Medical Equipment T.G. Kirsanova Appendix 11 to the Instructions on the Sanitary Regime of Pharmacy Organizations (Pharmacy) Modes and methods of sterilization of individual objects I. Steam method (saturated water steam under excess pressure) II. air method sterilization (dry hot air) III. chemical method sterilization (solutions of chemicals) Table 1 I. Steam method (saturated water steam under pressure) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |Name | Mode of sterilization * | Conditions | Term | | object | ________________________________________________________________ | sterilization in | conservation | | | Steam pressure in | Working | Time | steam sterilizer | sterility | | | sterilization | temperature in | sterilization | | | | | camera | sterilization | endurance, min. | | | | | MPA (kgf/cm2) | chamber, C | | | | | |________________|________________|_________________| | | | | nomin. | prev. | nomin. | prev. | nomin. | prev. | | | | | value. |off. | value. |off. | value. |off. | | | |__________________|______|_________|______|_________|______|__________|_____________________|____________| | Glass | | | | | | | Sterilization | Term | | dishes, mortars, | | | | | | | | Carry out without | saving | | | Products from: | | | | | | | | packaging or | sterility | | glass, textiles | 0.20 | + -0.02 | 132 | +-2 | 20 | +2 | sterilization | products | | (robes, | (2.0) | (+-0.2) | | | | | box | in the package | | cotton, gauze, | | | | | | | or in the package | 3 days | | filtering | | | | | | | from 2-layer | | | paper) | | | | | | | parchment | | | corrosion-resistant | ______ | _________ | ______ | _________ | ______ | __________ | grade A paper | | | Metal | 0.11 | + -0.02 | 120 | +-3 | 45 | +3 | Or B or C | | | |(1,1) |(+-0,2) | | | | | glass | | | | | | | | | | banks | | |__________________|______|_________|______|_________|______|__________|_____________________|____________| | Products from | 0.11 | + -0.02 | 120 | +-3 | 45 | +3 | Sterilization | | | rubber, latex | (1,1) | (+-0,2) | | | | | | spend or / or | | | | and individual | | | | | | | |- unpacked | | | polymer |______|_________|______|_________|______|__________|_____________________|____________| | Materials | | | | | | | - in sterilization | | | | (polyethylene | | | | | | | boxes | | | high-density, | ______ | _________ | ______ | _________ | ______ | __________ | _____________________ | ____________ | | PVC-compounds, | | | | | | | - in double | | | filters from | | | | | | | soft packaging | | | PTFE and | | | | | | | from coarse calico | | | polynuclear from | ______ | _________ | ______ | lavsan) | | | | | | | - in parchment | | | | | | | | | | Paper brand A or B | | | | |______|_________|______|_________|______|__________|_____________________|____________| | | | | | | | |- in glass | | | | | | | | | | jars, flasks | | |__________________|______|_________|______|_________|______|__________|_____________________|____________| * The control temperature regime steam sterilization is carried out with a maximum thermometer with a scale of 150 ° C or thermocouples. A mixture of benzoic acid with fuchsin (10:1), melting point 121 C, is used as a chemical thermotest. Table 2 II. Air sterilization method (dry hot air) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Name | Mode of sterilization * | Conditions | Term | | object |_________________________________| carrying out | saving | | | Working | Time | sterilization in | sterility | | | temperature in | sterilization | steam | | | | sterilization | exposure, min. | sterilizer | | | | camera, C | | | | | |________________|________________| | | | | nomin. | prev. | nomin. | prev. | | | | | value. |off. | value. |off. | | | |__________________|_________|______|______|_________|______________________|__________________| |Glassware,|180 |+2 -10| 60 | +5 | Sterilization |- Products, | | Mortar, products from | | | | | | exposed | sterilized | |silicone rubber|_________|______|______|_________|_________|packed, | | | | | | | Dry products. | | Stored 3 days | | | |160 |+2 -10| 150 | | Sterilization is carried out: | | | | | | | | |______________________|__________________| | | | | | |- packed | | | | | | | |from paper |- Unpacked | | | | | | | (bag or | must be | | | | | | | wet-strength) | used | | | | | | | | ______________________ | directly | | | | | | | - or without | after | | | | | | | packaging in | sterilization | | | | | | | | open | | | | | | | | containers | | |__________________|_________|______|______|_________|______________________|__________________| Note: After lowering the temperature in the sterilizer to 60-70 C, the pharmacy glassware is removed and immediately closed with sterile stoppers. * Control of air sterilization is carried out using indicator paper (based on thermal indicator paint No. 6), which changes color at 160 C or chemical thermal tests are used: sucrose, thiourea, melting point 180 C; hydroquinone, melting point 170 C. Table 3 III. Chemical method of sterilization (solutions of chemicals) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Name | Disinfectant | Disinfection mode | Conditions | | object | agent | thermal methods | holding | conservation | | | | __________________________ | disinfection | sterilized | | | | temperature | time | | Products | | | | With | excerpts | | | | | |____________|_____________| | | | | |nom.|prev.|nom.|prev. | | | | | | value. |off|value |off. | | | |_________________|_______________|______|_____|______|______|________________|____________________| | Products from | 6% solution * | 18 | - | 360 | 3 | Closed | In a sterile container | | glass and | | | | | | | container | (sterilization | | corrosion-resistant | _______________ | ______ | _____ | ______ | ______ | glass | | metals | Peroxide | 50 | 32 | 180 | 35 | plastics | laid out | | and rights, | hydrogen | | | | | | or covered | sterile | | | polymer | (GOST | | | | | enamel | sheets - 3 days | | materials, | 177-88) | | | | | (enamel without | | | rubber | | | | | | damage) | | | | | | | | |________________| | | | | | | | | Sterilization | | | | | | | | | spend when | | | | | | | | | | full | | | | | | | | | | Immersion | | | | | | | | | Products in | | | | | | | | | | Solution for | | | | | | | | | | Time | | | | | | | | | sterilization | | | | | | | | | excerpts, | | | | | | | | | | after which | | | | | | | | | product | | | | | | | | | washed | | | | | | | | | Sterile | | | | | | | | | water in | | | | | | | | | | Sterile | | | | | | | | | containers | | |_________________|_______________|______|_____|______|______|________________|____________________| * - Technology, quality control and shelf life of a 6% hydrogen peroxide solution produced in pharmacies ( Guidelines approved 07/18/1996) Head of the Department for the provision of medicines and medical equipment T.G. Kirsanova Appendix 12 to the Instructions on the sanitary regime of pharmacy organizations (pharmacies) Requirements for microbiological purity medicines __________________________________________________________________________________ | N | Name of the object | Requirements for | | Regulatory | | p / n | control | microbiological purity | document | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |1. | Purified water | No more than 100 microorganisms | FS 42-2619-97 | | | | in 1 ml in the absence of | | | | | |Enterobacteriaceae; | | | | |P.aeruginosa, S.aereus | | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |2. | Water for injection | Apyrogenicity | FS 42-2620-97 | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |3. | Injection solutions | Sterility | GF XI, issue 2, | | | after sterilization * | | | p. 187 | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |4. | Eye drops after | Sterility | GF XI, issue 2, | | | Sterilization | | p. 187 | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| | 4.1 | Eye drops, | Sterility | GF XI, issue 2, | | | cooked in | | | p. 187 | | | Aseptic conditions | | | | | | on sterile water | | | | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |5. | Main raw materials | No more than 100 bacteria and | Change to | | | (Substance) for | mushrooms in total 1 g or | article GF XI, | | | production of sterile | 1 ml in the absence of | issue 2, p.187 | | | Preparations | Enterobacteriaceae; | "Methods | | | | P.aeruginosa, S.aereus | microbiological | | | | | control | | | | | drugs | | | | | funds" (1995 | | | | | | g.) | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |6. | Medicines | Sterility | Order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR | | | | for newborns | |N 1026 from | | | (solutions for internal | | 19.10.82 "On | | | and external use, | | strengthening control | | | eye drops, | | for sanitary | | | oils for processing | | state maternity | | | skin) | | | houses, children's | | | | | treatment and prophylactic | | | | | institutions and pharmacies " | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| |7. | Children's medicinal | No more than 50 bacteria and | Change to | | | means (from 0 to 1 | mushrooms in total in 1 g or | article GF XI, | | | year) | 1 ml in the absence of | vol.2, p.187 | | | |Enterobacteriaceae; | "Methods | | | | P.aeruginosa, S.aereus | microbiological | | | | | control | | | | | drugs | | | | | funds" (1995 | | | | | ) | | | | |_______________________| | | | | Methodological | | | | | instructions for | | | | | | Manufacturing | | | | | | Sterile | | | | | Solutions in | | | | | | pharmacies | | | | | (1994) | |___|_________________________|____________________________|_______________________| * The time interval from the beginning of the preparation of the solution to sterilization should not exceed 3 hours. Head of the Department for organizing the provision of medicines and medical equipment T.G. Kirsanova

HAND PROCESSING OF STAFF

1. Processing of hands is carried out in specially designed places. It is forbidden to wash your hands over the sink for washing pharmacy dishes.
2. For mechanical removal of contaminants and microflora, hands are washed with warm running water and soap for 1-2 minutes, paying attention to the periungual spaces. It is optimal to use soaps with high foaming ability (bath, children's, laundry). Then the hands are rinsed with water to remove soap and treated with disinfectants.
3. In the aseptic block (in the airlock), the hands are wiped dry after rinsing, put on sterile clothes, then the hands are washed off with water and treated with disinfectants. Processing is repeated if the work lasts more than 4 hours.
4. To disinfect the skin of the hands, 70% ethyl alcohol or other alcohol-containing preparations (AKhD-2000, octoniderm, octonisept), a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.5% (in 70% ethyl alcohol), a solution of iodopyrone and other iodophors (iodonate, iodvidone) are used 1% solution of chloramine B 0.5% (in the absence of other drugs) or other means permitted by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for these purposes.
5. When disinfecting hands with alcohol-containing preparations, they are wiped with a gauze cloth moistened with a solution. At the same time, tanning of the skin is achieved; when using solutions of chlorhexidine or iodophors, the drug is applied to the palms in an amount of 5-8 ml and rubbed into the skin of the hands; when treating hands with a solution of chloramine, they are immersed in the solution and washed for 2 minutes, then the hands are allowed to dry.
6. At the end of the work, the hands are washed with warm water and treated with emollients, for example, a mixture of equal parts of glycerin, alcohol, 10% ammonia solution and water, which is thoroughly shaken before use. It is possible to use other emollients, ready-made creams that provide elasticity and strength to the skin of the hands.

1. Processing of hands is carried out in specially designed places. It is forbidden to wash your hands over the sink for washing pharmacy dishes.
2. For mechanical removal of contaminants and microflora, hands are washed with warm running water and soap for 1-2 minutes, paying attention to the periungual spaces. It is optimal to use soaps with high foaming ability (bath, children's, laundry). Then the hands are rinsed with water to remove soap and treated with disinfectants.
3. In the aseptic block (in the airlock), the hands are wiped dry after rinsing, put on sterile clothes, then the hands are washed off with water and treated with disinfectants. Processing is repeated if the work lasts more than 4 hours.
4. To disinfect the skin of the hands, 70% ethyl alcohol or other alcohol-containing preparations (AKhD-2000, octoniderm, octonisept), a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.5% (in 73% ethyl alcohol), a solution of iodopyrone and other iodophors (iodonate, iodvidone) are used 1% solution of chloramine B 0.5% (in the absence of other drugs) or other means permitted by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for these purposes.
5. When disinfecting hands with alcohol-containing preparations, they are wiped with a gauze cloth moistened with a solution. At the same time, tanning of the skin is achieved; when using solutions of chlorhexidine or iodofrr, the drug is applied to the palms in an amount of 5-8 ml and rubbed into the skin of the hands; when treating hands with a solution of chloramine, they are immersed in the solution and washed for 2 minutes, then the hands are allowed to dry.
6. At the end of work, hands are washed with warm water and treated with emollients, for example, a mixture of equal parts of glycerin, alcohol, 10% ammonia solution and water, which is thoroughly shaken before use. It is possible to use other emollients, ready-made creams that provide elasticity and strength to the skin of the hands.

Organization and implementation of disinfection of premises, pharmacies, dishes, inventory

For disinfection with liquid preparations, various technical means hydraulic control, automax, dezinfal. The basis of the action of the hydraulic control is suction and discharge



liquids with hand pump. It is used for applying

aqueous solutions by jet or spray on various surfaces.

Automax is a pneumatic sprayer

liquid under pressure, which is created using manual

pump or compressor.

Disinfal is a hand-held device with a capacity of 1.5 liters, equipped with

pressure pump and a long spout ending

sprayer and stopcock. Its device is similar

automax device. Used to disinfect small

surfaces.

When disinfecting surfaces and furnishings in

rooms practically use a combined method -

chemical and physical. So, items from smooth surface

subjected machining or wet disinfection.

Uneven surfaces (floor, moldings, cornices, etc.)

first irrigate abundantly with a disinfectant solution, then

mechanically cleaned with rags or brushes, and then re-

treated with a disinfectant solution. Bedding

accessories, carpets, clothes, etc. are treated either with a wet method or with the help of disinfection chambers.

Dishes are disinfected by boiling in water containing 1%

soda or 1% soap at an exposure of 15–20 minutes. Can

disinfect dishes by immersion in 1% chloramine solution or

0.05% bleach solution for 30–60 minutes. Consumption

disinfectant - 2 liters per 1 kg of dishes.

Linen is disinfected by boiling or immersion in

disinfectant solution. Before boiling, the laundry is soaked for

1-2 hours in a 1-2% soda solution, then immersed in boiling soapy

soda solution(1% soap and 0.3% soda at the rate of 10 liters per 1 kg

underwear). Boiling continues for 2 hours. preliminary

laundry can be soaked in a 0.2% solution of chloramine in

for 1 hour or 3% Lysol solution for 30 minutes. Consumption

disinfectant solution - 4-5 liters per 1 kg of linen.

For processing the floor, walls, ceiling, use 0.2–0.5%

clarified bleach solution or 0.2–1% chloramine solution.

Disinfectant consumption - 05–1 l per 1 sq. m

processed surface.

Pharmaceutical tableware processing

Glassware processing includes the following

technological operations: disinfection, soaking and washing,

rinsing, drying or sterilization, quality control

processing.

Disinfection of dishes. The dishes used in the infectious diseases departments are disinfected upon admission to the pharmacy.

one of the solutions: 1% solution of activated chloramine; 3%

freshly prepared hydrogen peroxide solution with the addition of

0.5% detergent solution; 0.5% Dezmol solution.

Solutions of activated chloramine are prepared by dissolving

chloramine in tap water, followed by the addition

equal amount of activator - chloride or nitric acid

ammonium. The dishes are kept in a solution of activated

chloramine for 30 minutes. When using a solution

chloramine stored for 2 days, duration

Disinfection of dishes is increased to 2 hours. Peroxide solutions

hydrogen with detergents and Desmol solutions are prepared on

tap water. In this solution, the dishes are kept for 80 minutes.

To prepare 1 liter of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, take

120 ml of perhydrol, adding it to the appropriate amount

water. To the resulting solution is then added 5 g of detergent

facilities.

Work with perhydrol and chloramine should be carried out in

rubber gloves, safety goggles and four-layer

gauze bandage. When perhydrol and chloramine get on their skin

wash off immediately with water.

After disinfection, the dishes are washed with running water until

odor disappearance disinfectant and subjected to washing.

Storage of prepared disinfectant solutions should be

be no more than 24 hours. Reuse of the same

solution is not allowed.

Washing and sterilization of pharmacy dishes. Released from

packaging material new dishes and dishes that were in

use, rinse inside and out with tap water

to remove mechanical impurities, drug residues

substances and then soaked in a solution of detergents heated

up to 50-60º C, for 20-25 minutes. Heavily soiled dishes

soak for a longer time (2-3 hours).

Water may be used as a detergent.

suspension of mustard powder 1:20, aqueous solutions of Dezmol 0.25%,

SPMS 1% (mixture of sulfanol with sodium tripolyphosphate 1:9);

"Progress", "News", "Lotus", "Astra" - 0.5%.

After soaking, the dishes are washed in the same solution using

ruff or in washing machine, then rinsed 3 times with running water

tap water and 3 times freshly distilled distilled

The washed glassware for medicines is sterilized with flowing steam in a sterilizer or autoclave at

temperature 100º C for 30–60 minutes or drying cabinet

at a temperature of 150-160º C for 1 hour. After sterilization

the dishes are corked with stoppers placed under them

sterilized parchment paper liners or

cellophane and stored in tightly closed dust-proof

Greasy mortars are pre-treated with calcined

clay or sand, then washed separately with hot soapy water or

2% soda solution, rinse clean water and without wiping

dried in an oven.

Dishes (cylinders, funnels, beakers, mortars, etc.) after

preparation of medicines should be washed with warm water with 2.5%

soda solution, rinse with clean water and dry without wiping

in a drying cabinet. It can only be stored in closed cabinets or drawers on assistant's desks.

The cloud machine should be wiped dry before use.

cotton wool, and work surfaces - with cotton wool moistened with alcohol or a mixture

alcohol and ether.

Hand scales should be cleaned after each use.

sterile gauze pads or cotton swabs, which

can only be used once. At the beginning of the pan change

rubbed with cotton wool moistened with alcohol or a mixture of alcohol and ether.

Do not wipe the scales with a towel.

Gauze, filter paper, absorbent cotton,

used to filter liquid medicines, and

gaskets under the plugs are pre-sterilized and stored in

sterilized biks or jars with a ground stopper. It is forbidden to store them in the drawers of assistant tables.

Fitting © 2022 Design and interior of apartments