Homemade stun gun. Instructions and diagrams on how to assemble a stun gun with your own hands. How to make a powerful stun gun with your own hands at home. Video How to make a stun gun with your own hands from a battery

For any person, the issue of protecting oneself and loved ones is quite acute. And although the market offers many options for solving it, not every one of them can suit, and this entails the need to look for ways to resolve it on your own. One of the good options for ensuring your own safety is an electric shocker, which other craftsmen manage to make in artisanal conditions.

The concept of "stun gun"

A stun gun is a special electrical device used as a weapon of self-defense to stop or neutralize an attacked person or animal by applying an electric discharge. high power. Such a discharge causes numbness of the aggressor's muscles and a strong pain effect, which paralyzes the attacker for a while. Release this device different forms, capacity and price category. Persons are allowed to purchase and carry with them a stun gun with a power of up to 3 W upon reaching the age of majority, and no additional documents, certificates or permits are required. More powerful devices are intended for special services.

The most reliable are, of course, factory-assembled devices, but people who are well versed in radio engineering can try to make a stun gun with their own hands, since there are plenty of manuals and schemes, and get the right details also not difficult.

Parts needed to assemble a stun gun

The main part of the device is a voltage converter, made in accordance with the blocking generator circuit. In this case, one field-effect transistor with reverse conductivity of the brand IRF3705 is used (you can take the transistor IRFZ44, IRFZ46, IRFZ48 or IRL3205). It is also necessary to ensure the presence of a 100 ohm gate resistor with a declared power of 0.5-1 W, high-voltage capacitors with a capacitance of 0.1-0.22 uF (for serial connection two capacitors of 630 V each) and with an operating voltage above 1000 V, a spark gap (industrial or handicraft made from two pieces of wire 0.8 mm thick located one above the other, with a gap of 1 mm), a KTs106 rectifier diode. If you have all the necessary constituent elements, the task of how to make a stun gun will not cause difficulties for a real craftsman.

How to make a transformer

To assemble the converter, you need to properly make its main component - a step-up transformer. To do this, take, for example, a core from a switching power supply. Carefully freeing it from the old winding, carefully wind the new one. The primary winding is made with a wire with a diameter of 0.5-0.8 mm, applying 12 turns and moving away from the middle (6 turns are wound, the wire is twisted, 6 more turns are made in the same direction). Then you need to isolate it with transparent tape, making it 5 layers. A secondary winding is applied on top, having made 600 turns with a wire with a diameter of 0.08-0.1 mm, applying two layers of adhesive tape for insulation every 50 turns. This will protect the transformer from breakdowns. Both windings are made strictly in the same direction. For better insulation, you can fill the entire structure with epoxy. To the conclusions from the secondary winding, you need to solder a wire with stranded insulated wires. The resulting transistor is recommended to be placed on an aluminum heat sink.

The procedure for assembling a homemade stun gun

After the converter is manufactured, it is tested by assembling a circuit that does not include a high-voltage part. If the transformer is assembled correctly, the output will be a "burning current". Then solder the voltage multiplier. Capacitors are selected with a voltage of at least 3 kV and a capacity of 4700 pF. The diodes in the multiplier are high-voltage, KTs106 brands (such are in multipliers from old Soviet TVs).

By connecting the multiplier with the converter according to the scheme, you can turn on the resulting device, the arc should be 1-2 cm with the characteristics observed, and quite loud clicks with a frequency of 300-350 Hz are heard.

Lithium-ion can be used as a power source battery, as in mobile phones (their capacity must be at least 600 mA), or nickel batteries with a voltage of 1.2 V. The capacity of such batteries should be enough for two minutes of continuous operation of the device with an output power of up to 7 W and a voltage on the dischargers of more than 10 kV.

The circuit is mounted in some suitable plastic case, covering the high-voltage section of the circuit with silicone for reliability. As bayonets, you can use a cut fork, nails or screws. The circuit must also contain a switch and a momentary button so that there is no accidental self-closing. As can be seen from the foregoing, assembling a high-quality, reliable and powerful device requires quite serious skills, therefore, first of all, people who are versed in radio electronics should think about how to make a stun gun on their own.

How to make a stun gun from a battery

If you need a simpler way to assemble a stun gun, then you can literally make it from improvised radio components. To do this, you will need: an ordinary nine-watt battery of the Krona type, a converting transformer (you can take it from a power adapter or charger), an ebonite rod 30-40 centimeters long. Do-it-yourself stun gun is assembled as follows: two pieces of steel wire about 5 cm long are attached to the end of the ebonite rod with electrical tape, connected by wires to a converting transformer and a Krona battery. At the same time, the battery is connected to the two-pin terminal of the transformer (where the current is 6-9 V). A small push-button switch is attached to the other end of the rod, when pressed, a high-voltage arc appears between the steel antennae (it jumps at the moment when the circuit with the battery in the small winding opens, that is, to create a visible arc, you need to press the switch 25 times per second ). Despite the high voltage created in this design, the current strength will be very small, so such a stun gun can become more of a deterrent than protection.

How to make a stun gun from an electric lighter

If you know how to make a stun gun, then a small low power device intimidation can also be collected using a simple electric lighter to gas stoves. How to make a mini stun gun with it is described below.

In addition to the electric lighter itself, you will need a metal clip and glue, as well as a soldering iron, and everything you need for soldering. First of all, it is disassembled and the tube is cut off with the help of a cloth for metal, leaving only a handle with two wires sticking out. They are bitten with wire cutters to a protruding length of 1-2 cm. Having exposed the wires and treated them with a flux, two pieces cut from a metal clip are soldered to them. The antennae are slightly bent with wire cutters and glued to isolate the entire finished structure adhesive in front. Such a shocker is low-powered and is not suitable for serious self-defense.

Stun gun from electric lighters for gas stoves

Knowing the device electric lighters and more or less understanding radio engineering, you can understand how to make a stun gun out of a lighter. To do this, you need to take four electric lighters (more precisely, high-voltage coils and converter boards), three finger batteries or a battery, a flashlight housing or a tube with a diameter of 25 mm. Craftsmen offer to connect these parts together, add arresters and a switch to the circuit, which will allow you to assemble a stun gun with your own hands without special trouble. Each of the transformers is connected to two separate contacts, and all the contents are placed in a plastic case. It is assumed that with this method of assembly, four flashes should be obtained simultaneously on the arresters.

Film camera stun gun

To figure out how to make a stun gun with your own hands, you can think of an old unnecessary film camera - a “soap box”. It can be converted into a device that produces one-fourth of the energy of a professional shocker. To do this, you need to unscrew the camera, remove the batteries and find a small flash bulb. After that, it is disconnected from the wires, and two pieces are attached to the place of the flash to these wires. copper wire- with a thick layer of insulation and a length of 8-10 cm - by soldering. It is necessary to ensure that these wires protruding from the camera do not touch. The batteries are put in place, and the camera body after the manipulations is isolated with some kind of plastic coated so that only the dischargers in the form of copper antennae and the flash and shutter buttons are visible from it. Now, by releasing the shutter, you can get sparks on the arrester wires.

Thus, there are several ways to make a stun gun at home, it all depends on knowledge in radio engineering, skill and the available source material. When working, be sure to observe safety precautions, since the work is mainly associated with electric current. high voltage and power.

stun gun- the device is very useful, but what is sold in the store will not protect you in real "combat" situations. It is worth recalling once again that according to GOST civilians(mere mortals) may not wear or use electroshock devices that exceed 3 watts of power. This is ridiculous power, which is only enough to scare away dogs and drunken drunks, but not for defense.
The electroshock device must have high efficiency to protect its owner in any situation, but alas, there are none in the store.

So what to do in this case? The answer is simple - to assemble a stun gun with your own hands at home. Some of you may be wondering: is it safe for attackers? It's safe if you know what to collect. In this article, we will offer a shocker that has a titanic output power of 70 watts (130 watts peak) and can lay down any person in a split second.

In the passport data of industrial electroshock devices, you can see the parameter - EFFECTIVE EXPOSURE TIME. This time depends on the power. For regular 3-watt shockers, the exposure time is 3-4 seconds, but of course no one has yet been able to hold it for 3 seconds, because due to the negligible output power, the attacker will quickly figure out what the matter is and attack again. In this situation, your life will be in jeopardy, and if there is nothing to defend yourself, then the consequences can be tragic.

Let's move on to assembling a stun gun with our own hands. But first, I want to say that given material presented on the net for the first time, the content is completely copyrighted, thanks to a good friend Evgeny for the suggestion to use a push-pull multiplier in the high-voltage part. The series multiplier (often used in shockers) has a rather low efficiency, in which case the power is transferred to the body of the attacker without much loss.

Below are the main parameters of the stun gun:

inverter

used powerful circuit push-pull inverter using N-channel power keys. Such a circuit of a simple multivibrator has a minimum number of components and “eats” a current of up to 11 Amperes, and after replacing the transistors with more powerful ones, the consumption increased to 16 Amperes - a lot for such a compact inverter.

But if there is such a powerful converter, then an appropriate power source is needed. A few weeks ago, two sets of lithium-polymer batteries were ordered at an ebay auction, the capacity of which is 1200mA at 12 volts. Later, I managed to dig up some data about these batteries on the net. One of the sources reported that the short circuit current of these batteries is 15 Amperes, but then from more reliable sources it became clear that the short circuit current reaches up to 34 Amperes !!! Wild batteries with a fairly compact size. It should be noted that 34 A is a short-term output short-circuit current.

After choosing a power source, you need to start assembling the stuffing of the stun gun.

The inverter can use FETs IRFZ44, IRFZ46, IRFZ48, and more powerful ones - IRL3705, IRF3205 (it was the last option that I used).

The pulse transformer was wound on a core from 50 watts. Such Chinese transformers are designed to power 12-volt halogen lamps and cost pennies (just over $1).

The primary winding is wound immediately with 5 wires of 0.5 mm wire (each). The winding contains 2x5 turns and is wound with two tires at once, each bus consists of 5 turns, as mentioned above.

We wind 5 turns with two tires at once around the entire frame, because we end up with 4 outputs of the primary winding.

We carefully isolate the winding with 10-15 layers of thin transparent adhesive tape and wind the step-up winding.

The secondary winding consists of 800 turns and is wound with 0.1 mm wire. We wind the winding in layers - each layer consists of 70-80 turns. We put the interlayer insulation with the same transparent adhesive tape, for each row there are 3-5 layers of insulation.

The finished transformer can be filled with epoxy, which I never do, since the winding technology has been worked out and so far not a single transformer has pierced.

Multiplier

We continue to collect the stun gun with our own hands. In the high-voltage part, two push-pull multipliers connected in series are used. They use fairly common high-voltage components - 5kV 2200pF capacitors and KTs123 or KTs106 diodes (the former work better due to the increased reverse voltage).

There is nothing special to explain, we collect stupidly according to the scheme. The finished multiplier turns out to be quite compact, it needs to be filled with epoxy after it is mounted in the case.

With such a multiplier, you can remove up to 5-6 cm of a clean arc, but you should not push the output contacts a long distance in order to avoid undesirable consequences.

Enclosure and Mounting

The case was taken from a Chinese LED flashlight, though I had to slightly redo it. The batteries are located at the back of the case.

The power switch is used as a fuse. You can use almost any with a current of 4-5 amperes or more. The switches were taken from Chinese nightlights (the price in the store is less than a dollar).

A button without fixation should also be taken with a large current. In my case, the button has two positions.

The flashlight is assembled on ordinary white LEDs. 3 LEDs from the flashlight are connected in series and connected to the battery through a 10 ohm limiting resistor. Such a flashlight shines brightly enough, it is quite suitable for consecrating a night road.

After the final installation, it is worth once again checking the entire circuit for serviceability.

To fill the voltage multiplier, I used epoxy resin, which is sold in syringes, the weight is only 28-29 Grams, but one package is enough to fill two such multipliers.

The finished stun gun is very compact and wildly powerful.

Due to the increased frequency of sparking, more joules per second are supplied to the human body, so the time of effective exposure to the shocker is microseconds!

Charging is carried out by a transformerless circuit, the design of which we will talk about some other time.

The finished shocker was covered with 3D carbon (the price is about $ 4 per 1 meter).

This is how you can make a stun gun with your own hands, while it will be much better compared to factory options.

For the first time, I have prepared several detailed video tutorials on assembling this stun gun.

Defend in closed space from an unexpectedly attacked person is quite difficult. For example, how to stop a robber in an elevator? or they can hurt themselves, and a knife or a gun can become a deadly weapon. They will also give you a deadline.

Therefore, the best option would be, which, by the way, you can make yourself. And today we will tell you how to make ordinary and powerful mini stun guns at home.

Before moving on to special types of devices, let's talk about how to make the simplest stun gun.

Necessary equipment and raw materials

Here is the list necessary materials and details:

• silicone;
• insulating tape;
• a ferrite rod pulled out of an old radio;
• plastic bag;
• scotch;
• wire;
• wire with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm;
• wire with a diameter of 0.4 to 0.7 mm;
• wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm;
• ferrite transformer pulled out of impulse block power supply of any electronic device;
• fuse;
• battery for power supply;
• diodes, capacitor and resistor for the charger;
• Light-emitting diode;
• switches;
• an old suitable case or plastic for its manufacture.

Now let's find out how to do it homemade stun gun.

Creation technology

High voltage coil

First, we make a high-voltage coil.

1. To do this, we wrap a ferrite rod about five centimeters long with three layers of electrical tape, then fifteen turns of the thinnest wire go.
2. On top - five more layers of electrical tape and six layers of adhesive tape.
3. We cut the plastic bag into strips ten centimeters long and a width corresponding to the length of the coil.
4. Next comes the secondary winding with a thicker wire (from 350 to 400 turns) in the same direction as the primary winding.
5. We isolate each row of wire (from 40 to 50 turns) with polyethylene tapes and five rows of adhesive tape.
6. At the end are two layers of electrical tape and ten layers of tape. Fill the sides with silicone.

converter transformer

Now we make the converter transformer.

• Its basis will be a ferrite transformer, from which you need to remove all the windings and the ferrite frame (you may have to put the part in boiling water for a while).
• We wind the primary winding from a wire 0.8 mm thick (12 turns). The secondary winding is 600 turns (70 turns in a row) with millimeter wire.
• To isolate each row, lay four layers of electrical tape. Having inserted the halves of the ferrite, we fix the structure using electrical tape or adhesive tape.

spark gap and other parts

The next detail is the spark gap.

1. For it, we take the old fuse, remove the tin on its contacts with a hot soldering iron, and pull out the inner wire.
2. We screw the screws on both sides (they should not contact).
3. By changing the gap between them, you can change the frequency of discharges.

We take ready-made batteries:

• lithium-ion (pulled out of a mobile phone),
• nickel-cadmium or lithium polymer.

The latter are very capacious, but they must be bought, and this is expensive.

For the charger, we solder a diode bridge, a capacitor, a resistor and a signal LED. A diagram with the characteristics of parts can be found on the Web. Charging time will be about three to four hours.

As for the body, you can find something suitable by gutting faulty device. Or glue it from plastic parts. You can even make a case out of cardboard by filling it with epoxy. The result is a stun gun with a power of about five watts, consuming up to three amperes of current. Remember that more than three seconds a person should not be affected by a discharge.

Special types of homemade EShU

From a flashlight

So, how to make a stun gun from a flashlight like the so popular ones, or, for example,?

1. It will take, in fact, only the body of the flashlight - the LED can also be left. This is convenient because there are already batteries inside.
2. There should also be placed four high voltage coil and converter pulled out of electric lighters for gas stoves.
3. Spark gaps and a separate switch are added to the circuit.
4. Each transformer has its own two contacts.
5. Arresters are made from steel narrow strips or pieces of paper clips.

We will tell you how to make a stun gun from a battery.

From a battery

This is the easy way. For him you will need:

• battery type "Krona" with a capacity of 9 watts;
• ebonite rod from 30 to 40 centimeters long;
• converting transformer (ready-made, pulled out of the charger or AC adapter);
• insulating tape;
• steel wire;
• push button switch.

We take an ebonite rod and attach two five-centimeter pieces of steel wire to it with electrical tape. They need to be connected with a wire to a transformer and a battery. The switch is attached to the opposite end of the rod. When you press its button, a discharge (arc) will appear between the pieces of wire. To do this, you need to press 25 times per second.

The power of the device is small - it can be used more for intimidation, and not for protection.

From a lighter

So, how to make a stun gun from a lighter? We will need:

• battery operated electric lighter;
• clip;
• glue;
• soldering iron and solder.

We disassemble the lighter, cut off the tube with a hacksaw. We only need a handle with wires coming out of it. We leave them a length of one or two centimeters, cutting with wire cutters. Then we expose their tips and solder pieces of paper clips there. The ends are slightly bent. We fix the whole structure with glue. The power of the device is also not too high.

The video below will tell you how to make a stun gun from a lighter at home:

In the form of a pen

You will need:

• a small carnation;
• two lighters (one with a piezoelectric element);
• handle with a button and a metal clip, having enough large diameter, containing the piezoelectric element;
• hacksaw for metal;
• glue gun.

1. We disassemble one of the lighters and take out the piezoelectric element.
2. We disassemble the handle, pull out the inner plastic sleeve and cut out its middle part to a length corresponding to the size of the piezoelectric element.
3. We remove the clip and on the side with a heated (second lighter) carnation we make a hole in the upper part of the handle body.
4. With a hacksaw we make an incision for the wire.
5. We put the handle button in place, glue the piezoelectric wire insulation with a thermal gun and glue it to the second part of the plastic inner sleeve.
6. We insert everything into the body of the handle, bring the wire into the hole, then pass it along the sawn groove and clamp it with a metal clip from the handle.
7. We insert the lower part of the sleeve and assemble the handle.
8. Now, when you press the button from the clip, it will shock.

But this is more of a toy than a means of self-defense. And now let's find out how to make a stun gun from a capacitor at home.

From the condenser

We take a capacitor from a long lamp daylight. He earlier in Soviet times, was rectangular, red or green. In modern models, it is a white cylinder.

We also need a wire (double) with a plug at the end. The length of the wire can be left about ten to fifteen centimeters.

We expose the ends opposite to the plug, fasten them to the capacitor contacts and carefully isolate them. That's it. Now, after charging from the network, a discharge will appear at the ends of the plug, quite noticeable. But it does not bring harm - it only pinches.

About how to do powerful stun gun at home, the video below will tell:

Some simple options proven and working schemes of electrical cabinets made and designed by oneself. Tasers come in two basic configurations: straight and L-shaped. There is no substantiated evidence which form is better. Some prefer the L-shaped, as it seems to them that it is easier to touch the enemy with such a shocker. Others choose straight ones for maximum freedom of movement, relatively short or long, reminiscent of a police baton.

Each stun gun circuit and its design are considered in detail, possible ways upgrades of already finished devices.

Associated with more than just pain from electric shock. The high voltage accumulated in the shocker, upon contact of the arc with the skin, is converted into an alternating electrical voltage with a specially calculated frequency, forcing the muscles in the contact zone to contract extremely quickly. This abnormal overactivity of the muscles results in a lightning-fast breakdown of the blood sugar that feeds the muscles. In other words, the muscles in the contact zone lose their efficiency for some time. In parallel, the impulses block the activity of the nerve fibers through which the brain controls these muscles.

Among the popular means of self-defense, stun guns are far from last, especially in terms of the strength of the psychological and paralytic effect on the bandit. However, normal industrial designs are quite expensive, which pushes radio amateurs to make stun guns with their own hands.

R1 - 2.2kR2 - 91 OmR3 - 10 mOmR4 - 430 OmC1 - 0.1 x 600vC2 and C3 - 470pf x 25kVD1 - kd510D2,3,4 - d247
T1 - on a Sh5x5 core with a magnetic permeability of M 2000 NN or a suitable ferrite ring. Windings I and II - 25 turns of wire 0.25 mm PEV-2 each. Winding III contains 1600 turns of wire PEV-2 with a diameter of 0.07 mm.
T2 on a K40x25x11 or K38x24x7 ring made of ferrite M2000 NN with a sawn gap of 0.8 mm. It is possible without a gap on a ring made of pressed permalloy grades MP140, MP160. Winding I - 3 turns from PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm. Winding II - 130 turns from MGTF wire. The conclusions of this winding should be spaced as far as possible. After winding, the transformer must be impregnated with varnish or paraffin.

Scheme of the stun gun "Thunder"

The operation of the generator is checked by measuring the voltage at points "A". Then, by pressing the button, a high-voltage discharge is achieved. The arrester contacts can be of different designs: flat, sharp, etc. The distance between them is no more than 12 mm. 1000 volts penetrates 0.5 mm of air.

The device is a generator of high-voltage voltage pulses connected to the electrodes and placed in a housing made of a dielectric material. The generator consists of 2 series-connected voltage converters (Scheme in Fig. 1). The first converter is an asymmetric multivibrator based on transistors VT1 and VT2. It is turned on with the SB1 button. The load of the transistor VT1 is the primary winding of the transformer T1. The pulses taken from its secondary winding are rectified by the diode bridge VD1-VD4 and charge the battery of storage capacitors C2-C6. The voltage of capacitors C2-C6 when the SB2 button is turned on is the power supply for the second converter on the VS2 trinistre. The charge of the capacitor C7 through the resistor R3 to the switching voltage of the dynistre VS1 leads to turning off the trinis VS2. In this case, the battery of capacitors C2-C6 is discharged onto the primary winding of the transformer T2, inducing secondary winding high voltage pulse. Since the discharge is oscillatory in nature, the voltage polarity on the C2-C6 battery changes to the opposite, after which it is restored due to overdischarging through the primary winding of the T2 transformer and the VD5 diode. When the capacitor C7 is recharged again to the switching voltage of the dinistr VD1, the trinistor VS2 is turned on again and the next high voltage pulse is formed at the output electrodes.

All elements are installed on a foil-wrapped fiberglass board, as shown in Fig. 2. Diodes, resistors and capacitors are installed vertically. The case can be any suitable size box made of a material that does not transmit electricity.

The electrodes are made of steel needles up to 2 cm long - for access to the skin through human clothing or animal hair. The distance between the electrodes is at least 25 mm.

The device does not need adjustment and operates flawlessly only with correctly wound transformers. Therefore, follow the rules for their manufacture: transformer T1 is made on a ferrite ring of size K10 * 6 * 3 or K10 * 6 * 5 from ferrite grade 2000NN, its winding I contains 30 turns of PEB-20.15 mm wire, and winding II - 400 turns of PEV-20.1 mm. The voltage on its primary winding should be 60 volts. The T2 transformer is wound on a frame made of ebonite or plexiglass with an inner diameter of 8 mm, an outer diameter of 10 mm, a length of 20 mm, and a cheek diameter of 25 mm. The magnetic circuit is a segment from a ferrite rod for a magnetic antenna 20 mm long and 8 mm in diameter.

Winding I contains 20 turns of PELSh (PEV-2) wire - 0.2 mm, and winding II - 2600 turns of PEV-2 with a diameter of 0.07-0.1 mm. At the beginning, winding II is wound on the frame, through each layer of which a layer of varnished fabric is placed (a breakdown between the turns of the secondary winding may necessarily occur otherwise), and then the primary winding is wound on top of it. The conclusions of the secondary winding are carefully insulated and attached to the electrodes.

Item List: C1 - 0.047uF; C2 ... C6 - 200uF * 50V; C7 - 3300pF; R1 - 2.7 kOhm; R2 - 270 MΩ; R3 - 1 MΩ; VT1-K1501; VT2-K1312; VS1-KH102B; VS2 - KU111; VD1...VD5 - KD102A; VS1 and VS2 - P2K (independent, fixed).

Application: In case of a perceived threat to your safety or in advance, press the VS1 button, after which the device starts charging, at this time there is no voltage on the electrodes yet.

After 1-2 minutes, the electric shock will be fully charged and ready for use. The ready state is maintained for several hours, then the battery is gradually discharged.

At the moment when the danger is not in doubt, you need to touch the bare skin of the attacker and press the VS2 button.

Having received a series of high-voltage blows, the attacker is in a state of shock and horror for several minutes, and is not able to action, which gives you a chance to either escape or neutralize the attacker.

The self-defense device "Sword-1" is used against a bully or a robber. "Sword-1" when turned on, emits a loud siren sound, generates blinding flashes of light, and touching it with open areas of the body leads to a strong electric shock (but not fatal!).

Circuit diagram description: A siren generator is made on the D1 chip transistors VT1-VT5. The multivibrator on the elements D1.1, D1.2 generates rectangular pulses with a period of 2-3 seconds, which, after integration by the chain R2, R5, R6, C2 through the resistor R7, modulate the resistance E-C transistor VT1, which causes the frequency deviation of the tone multivibrator on the elements D1.3, D1.4. The siren signal from the output of element D1.4 is fed to the output of a key power amplifier assembled on transistors VT2-VT5 (composite, with a gain? 750).

The voltage converter for powering the flash lamp and the electric discharger is a blocking generator with an increased secondary winding, assembled on the elements VT6, T1, R12, C4. It converts 3V DC to 400V AC. Diodes VD1 and VD2 rectify this voltage, the capacitors of the electric discharger C6, C7 and the flash capacitor C8 are charged. At the same time, the capacitor of the flash ignition circuit C5 is also charged. The neon lamp H1 lights up when the flash is ready. When the button S3 is pressed, the capacitor C5 is discharged through the primary winding of the transformer T2, while a voltage pulse of 5-10 kV appears on its secondary winding, igniting the flash lamp VL1 (flash energy 8.5 J.).

The Sword-1 is powered by 4 A-316 cells or 4 batteries of the CPU K-0.4 5. In this case, the voltage converter is turned on by switch S2, and the siren - S1.

transformers

T1 - B18 armored core made of 2000NM ferrite (without gap). First, a turn to turn step-up winding V-VI is wound on the frame - 1350 turns of wire PEV-2 \u003d 0.07 mm with waxed thin paper insulation every 450 turns. A double layer of paraffin paper is laid on top of the step-up winding, then the windings are wound: I-II - 8 turns of PEV-2 = 3 mm. III-IV - 6 turns of PEV-2 = 0.3 mm.
T2 - Rod core \u003d 2.8mm L \u003d 18mm from ferrite 2000NM. Brushes made of cardboard, textolite, etc. are attached to the core. material, then wrapped with two layers of varnished cloth. First, a step-up winding III-IV is wound - 200 turns PELSHO \u003d 0.1 mm (after 100 turns - insulation with two layers of varnished fabric). Then, on top of it, the primary winding I-II - 20 turns of wire PEV-2 \u003d 0.3 mm. Conclusion 4 of the transformer with a wire in good insulation (MGTF, etc.) is connected to the ignition electrode of the VL1 flash lamp. When using parts indicated in brackets or other suitable parts, the dimensions of the device may increase.

Most of the Sword-1 parts are mounted on a single-sided printed circuit board (A1) made of foil glass textolite. Resistors R4, R10, R11 are installed horizontally on the board, all the rest are vertical. Diodes VD1, VD2 are soldered first of all, since they are located under the horizontally located transistor VT6.

Assembled without errors, "Sword-1" does not need to be adjusted. Before turning on the power, you must carefully check the correct installation. After that, switch S1 supplies power to the siren and checks its operation. By turning off the siren and turning on SA1, make sure that the voltage converter is working (a quiet whistle should appear). With a trimmer resistor R15, the indicator lamp lights up when the voltage across the capacitor C8 = 340 volts.

Lack of generation or low output voltage indicate an incorrect connection of the windings of the transformer T1 or an interturn short circuit. In the first case, it is necessary to swap the conclusions 3 and 4 of the transformer. In the second case, rewind T1.

When the converter is running and the capacitor C8 is charged (indicator H1 is lit), pressing the S3 button causes the flash lamp VL1 to flash. There will be no flash when the terminals 1 and 2 of the transformer T2 are turned on again or when interturn circuit. You should swap the conclusions, and if this does not help, rewind the transformer.

Structurally, "Sword-1" is made in a case made of high-impact polystyrene with dimensions of 114x88x34 mm. At the end of the case there is a window for the reflector of the flash lamp VL1 and the spark gap electrodes (see figure). The arrester consists of an insulating base (plexiglass, polystyrene) 28 mm high and two metal electrodes XS1 and XS2 protruding 3 mm above it. Distance between electrodes - 10 mm. Switches S1, S2 and button S3 are located on the side surface of the case, there is also an indicator eye H1. The sound holes from the BA1 speaker are covered with a decorative grille.

The "Sword" device is a variant of the "Sword-1" device and differs from the latter in the absence of a siren generator, power supply from 2 A316 elements and smaller dimensions. Schematic diagram of the "Sword" is shown in fig. 2. The basis of the circuit is a voltage converter, completely identical to the Sword-1 converter. Those "Sword" elements, the designations of which on the diagram do not coincide with the "Sword-1" diagram, are given in the "Details" section in square brackets, before the designation of the "Sword-1" elements. For example, VT6 KT863A (or KT829).

Here it is an element of the "Sword" circuit, and VT6 is the "Sword-1" circuit.

Details "Sword" mounted on a printed circuit board. The batteries are located on the board between the contact plates made of springy metal.

The body of the device has dimensions of 98x62x28 mm. Location of electrodes, buttons, etc. similar to the location on the "Sword-1".

Resistors (MLT-0.125) R1, R5, R7 - 100 Kom; R2 - 200 Kom; R3, R4 - 3.3 Kom; R6, R9 - 56 Kom; R8, R16 - 1.0 Mom; R10, R11 - 3.3 Kom; R12 - 300 ohm; R13 - 240 Kom; R14 - 510 room

Building resistor R15 - SPZ-220 1.0 Mom.

Indicator H1 - IN-35 (any neon).

Dynamic head BA1 - 1GDSH-6 (any with R = 4-8 ohm power > 0.5 W).

Pulse lamp VL1 - FP2-0.015 with reflect. (or IFC-120).

Capacitors C1, C2 - K50-6 16V 1.0 MKf; C3 - KT-1 2200 Pf; C4 - K50-1 50V 1 uF; C5 - K73-24 250V 0.068 uF; C6, C7 - K50-35 160V 22 uF; C8 - K50-1.7 400V 150 uF.

Chip D1 - K561LA7 (or K561LE5).

Diodes VD1, VD2 - KD105V (or KTs111A).

Transistors VT1 - KT315G; VT2, VT4 - KT973A; VT3, VT5 - KT972A; VT6 - KT863A (or KT829A).

Schematic diagram. A siren generator is assembled on the DD1 chip. The generation frequency of the generator on DD1.3-DD1.4 smoothly changes. This change is set by the generator on DD1.1-DD1.2, VT1:VT4 - power amplifier. On transistors VT5-VT6, a converter is assembled to power a flash lamp. The generation frequency is about 15 kHz. VD1-VD2 - high voltage rectifier: C6 - storage capacitor. The voltage on it after charging is about 380 volts.

Construction and details.

Diodes KD212A can be replaced by KD226.

Instead of K561LA7, you can use microcircuits 564LA7, K561LN2, but with a change in the design of the printed circuit board.

KT361G can be replaced by KT3107 with any letter index.

KT315G can be replaced by KT342, KT3102 with any letter indexes.

Instead of 0.5 GDSH-1, you can install any one with a winding resistance of 4: 8 Ohm, it is advisable to choose small ones with a higher efficiency.

Buttons MP7 or similar.

Lamp FP - 0.015 - from the set to the camera<Эликон>; you can apply IFC80, IFC120, but they have large dimensions.

C1, C2 - brand K53-1, C3-C5 - brand KM-5 or KM-6, C7 - brand K73-17, C6 - brand K50-17-150.0 microfarad x 400 V. C5 is soldered to terminal R7.

The Tr1 transformer is made on an M2000NM armored ferrite core with an outer diameter of 22 mm, an inner diameter of 9 mm and a height of 14 mm, the number of winding turns: I - 2x2 turns of PEV-2-0.15; II - 2x8 turns of PEV-2-0.3; III - 500 turns of PEV-2-0.15. The order of winding windings III - II - I.

Tr2 is made on a core with a diameter of 3 mm, a length of 10 mm from the contour coils of the radio receiver: I winding - 10 turns of PEV-2-0.2; II - 600 turns of PEV-2-0.06. The winding order of the windings is II - I. All transformer windings are insulated with a layer of varnished cloth.

The length of the pin part of the arrester is about 20 mm, and the distance between the pins is the same.

Transformers VT5-VT6 are mounted on a copper plate 15x15x2.

The printed circuit board with parts is installed in a self-made polystyrene case.

Buttons Kn1:Kn3 are fixed in convenient location corps.

1. By pressing the Kn1 button, the siren is turned on, sounding at a sufficient volume.

2. By pressing the Kn2 button and keeping it pressed for several seconds, the storage capacitor is charged, after which you can:

a - by pressing the Kn3 button, get a powerful flash of light. b - by touching the bare electrodes<Р>to the body of a bully to cause him an electric shock up to loss of consciousness.

The scheme, as a rule, starts working immediately. The only operation that may be required is the selection of resistors R7, R8. At the same time, the minimum charge time for the capacitor C6 is achieved at an acceptable current consumption, which is within 1 A.

The device consumes a significant current during operation, so after using it, check the batteries and replace them if necessary.

It is necessary to remember about the observance of safety measures during the assembly and operation of the device - there is a high potential on the output electrodes of the arrester.

The high-voltage generator (VG) consists of a powerful two-stroke VT1, VT2 autogenerator converter (AP) 9-400 V; rectifier VD3-VD7; storage capacitor C; a discharge pulse shaper on a unijunction transistor VT3; switch VS n high-voltage pulse transformers T2a, T2b.

The pocket version of the VG is assembled on two printed circuit boards, located one above the other with the components inside. T1 is made on the M1500NMZ 28x16x9 ring. Winding W2 is wound first (400 turns D 0.01) and carefully insulated. Then the windings W1a, W1b are wound (10 turns D 0.5 each) and the base winding Wb (5 turns D 0.01). T2a (T2b) is made on a 400NN ferrite rod 8–10 cm long, D 0.8 cm. Windings W1a and W1b (10 turns D 1.0 each) are wound in antiphase. To prevent electrical breakdown, high-voltage transformers are filled with epoxy resin!

Parameter optimization:

Capacitor C charge power is limited maximum power, developed (for a short time!) by the power supply P = U1I1 (U1=9B, I1=1A), the maximum allowable average current VD3-VD7 I2=CU2/2Tp and VT1-VT2 I1=N1I2. The energy accumulated at the output of the AP E = CU22/2 is determined by the capacitance C (1-10 μF) at acceptable dimensions and operating voltage U2 = N1U1, N1 = W2/W1.

The discharge pulse period Тр = RpCp must be greater than the charge constant Тз = RC.

R limits the AP pulse current I2u = U2/R, I1u = N1I2u.

The voltage of the high-voltage pulse is determined by the ratio of turns T2a (T2b) Uvu = 2n2U2, n2 = w2/w1.

The smallest number of turns w1 is limited by the maximum pulse current VS Ii = U2(2G/L)1/2,

L - inductance w1a (w1b), the largest - with electrical strength T2a, T2b (50 V per turn).

The peak discharge power depends on the speed of VS.

Modes of powerful elements are close to critical. Therefore, the operating time of the VG should be limited. It is allowed to turn on the VG without load (discharge in air) for no more than 1-3 seconds. The work of VS and VT3 is first checked with the AP turned off by applying + 9V to the VD7 anode. To check the AP, T2a and T2b are replaced with a 20-100 Ohm resistor of sufficient power. In the absence of generation, it is necessary to swap the conclusions of the winding Wb. You can limit the current consumption of the AP by reducing Wb, selecting R1, R2. A correctly assembled VG must necessarily penetrate the internal interelectrode gap of 1.5-2.5 cm.

Adequate precautions must be taken when using SH. High-voltage discharge current pulses through the myelin sheath of the nerve fibers of the skin tissue can be transmitted to the muscles, causing tonic convulsions and spasms. Thanks to synapses, nervous excitation covers other muscle groups, developing reflex shock and functional paralysis. According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission sad consequences - flutter and ventricular fibrillation, followed by a transition to asystole, completing terminal states - are observed with a discharge with an energy of 10 J. According to unverified information, a 5-second exposure to a high-voltage discharge with an energy of 0.5 J causes total immobilization. Restoration of full muscle control occurs no earlier than 15 minutes.

Attention: Abroad, similar devices are officially classified (Bureau of Tobacco and Firearm) as firearms.

A high-voltage transformer is wound on a rod from a ferrite antenna of a transistor receiver. The primary winding contains 5 + 5 turns of PEV-2 wire 0.2-0.3 mm. The secondary winding is wound turn to turn with insulation of each layer (1 turn per 1 volt), 2500–3500 turns.

R1, R2 - 8-12 kOhm
C1, C2 - 20-60 nF
C3 - 180 pF
C4, C5 - 3300 pF - 3.3 kV
D1, D2 - KTs 106V
T1, T2 - KT 837

This device is for demonstration purposes only. laboratory conditions. The company is not responsible for any use of this device.

A limited deterrent effect is achieved by exposure to powerful ultrasonic radiation. At high intensities, ultrasonic vibrations produce an extremely unpleasant, irritating and painful effect on most people, causing severe headaches, disorientation, intracranial pain, paranoia, nausea, indigestion, and a feeling of complete discomfort.

The ultrasonic frequency generator is made on D2. The multivibrator D1 generates a triangular signal that controls the frequency swing of D2. The modulation frequency of 6-9 Hz lies in the region of resonances of the internal organs.

D1, D2 - KR1006VI1; VD1, VD2 - KD209; VT1 - KT3107; VT2 - KT827; VT3 - KT805; R12 - 10 Ohm;

T1 is made on a M1500NMZ 28x16x9 ferrite ring, windings n1, n2 each contain 50 turns D 0.5.

Turn off the emitter; disconnect resistor R10 from capacitor C1; set the trimmer resistor R9 to the pin. 3 D2 frequency 17-20 kHz. Resistor R8 set the required modulation frequency (pin 3 D1). The modulation frequency can be reduced to 1 Hz by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor C4 to 10 microfarads; Connect R10 to C1; Connect emitter. Transistor VT2 (VT3) is installed on a powerful radiator.

As a radiator, it is best to use a specialized piezoceramic head VA of imported or domestic production, which provides a sound intensity level of 110 dB at a nominal supply voltage of 12 V: You can use several powerful high-frequency dynamic heads (speakers) BA1 ... BAN connected in parallel. To select the head, based on the required intensity of ultrasound and the distance of action, the following methodology is proposed.

Average input to the speaker electric powerРav = E2 / 2R, W, should not exceed the maximum (passport) head power Рmax, W; E - signal amplitude at the head (meander), V; R - electrical resistance of the head, Ohm. In this case, the effectively supplied electric power to the radiation of the first harmonic Р1 = 0.4 Рav, W; sound pressure Rv1 = SdP11/2/d, Pa; d - distance from the center of the head, m; Sd \u003d S0 10 (LSd / 20) Pa W-1/2; LSd - level of characteristic sensitivity of the head (passport value), dB; S0 = 2 10-5 Pa W-1/2. As a result, sound intensity I = Npzv12 / 2sv, W/m2; N - number of heads connected in parallel, s = 1.293 kg/m3 - air density; v \u003d 331 m / s - the speed of sound in air. Sound intensity level L1 = 10 lg (I/I0), dB, I0 = 10-12 I m/m2.

The pain threshold level is considered equal to 120 dB, tympanic membrane rupture occurs at an intensity level of 150 dB, ear destruction at 160 dB (180 dB burns paper). Similar foreign products emit ultrasound with a level of 105-130 dB at a distance of 1 m.

When using dynamic heads, it may be necessary to increase the supply voltage to obtain the desired intensity level. With an appropriate heatsink (needle with an overall area of ​​2 dm2), the KT827 transistor (metal case) allows parallel connection of eight dynamic heads with a coil resistance of 80m each. 3GDV-1; 6GDV-4; 10GI-1-8.

Different people tolerate ultrasound in different ways. The most sensitive to ultrasound people young age. It's a matter of taste if you prefer powerful sound radiation instead of ultrasound. To do this, it is necessary to increase the capacity of C2 tenfold. If desired, you can turn off the frequency modulation by disconnecting R10 from C1.

With increasing frequency, the radiation efficiency of some types of modern piezoelectric emitters increases sharply. With continuous operation for more than 10 minutes, overheating and destruction of the piezocrystal is possible. Therefore, it is recommended to choose a supply voltage lower than the nominal one. Required level sound intensity is achieved by turning on several emitters.

Ultrasonic emitters have a narrow radiation pattern. When using an actuating device for the protection of large premises, the emitter is aimed in the direction of the alleged intrusion.

The device is designed for active self-defense by exposing the attacker to a high-voltage electric current discharge. The circuit allows you to get a voltage of up to 80,000 V at the output contacts, which leads to air breakdown and the formation of an electric arc (spark discharge) between the contact electrodes. Since a limited current flows when touching the electrodes, there is no threat to human life.

Due to its small size, the electroshock device can be used as an individual security device or work as part of a security system to actively protect a metal object (safe, metal door, door lock, etc.). In addition, the design is so simple that it does not require the use of industrial equipment for manufacturing - everything is easily done at home.

In the device diagram, fig. 1. A pulse voltage converter is assembled on the transistor VT1 and transformer T1. The oscillator operates at a frequency of 30 kHz. and in the secondary winding (3) of transformer T1, after rectification by diodes, a constant voltage of about 800 ... 1000 V is released on capacitor C4. The second transformer (T2) allows you to further increase the voltage to the desired value. It works in impulse mode. This is ensured by adjusting the gap in the arrester F1 so that the air breakdown occurs at a voltage of 600 ... 750 V. As soon as the voltage on the capacitor C4 (during the charging process reaches this value, the discharge of the capacitor passes through F1 and the primary winding T2.

The energy stored on the capacitor C4 (transferred to the secondary winding of the transformer) is determined from the expression:

W = 0.5С x Uc2 = 0.5 x 0.25 x 10-6 x 7002 = 0.061 [J]

where, Uc is the voltage across the capacitor [V];
C is the capacitance of the capacitor C4 [F].

Similar industrial devices have approximately the same charge energy or slightly less.

The circuit is powered by four D-0.26 batteries and consumes a current of not more than 100 mA.

The circuit elements marked with a dotted line are a transformerless charger from a 220 V network. A cord with two corresponding plugs is used to connect the recharge mode. The HL1 LED is an indicator of the presence of voltage in the network, and the VD3 diode prevents the batteries from discharging through the charger circuits if it is not connected to the network.

The circuit used details: MLT resistors, capacitors C1 type K73-17V for 400 V, C2 - K50-16 for 25 V. C3 - K10-17, C4 - MBM for 750 V or type K42U-2 for 630 V. High-voltage capacitor (C4) it is not recommended to use other types, since it has to work in a hard mode (discharge with an almost short circuit), which only these series can withstand for a long time.

The diode bridge VD1 can be replaced by four diodes of the KD102B type, and VD4 and VD5 - by six KD102B diodes connected in series.

Switch SA1 type PD9-1 or PD9-2.

The transformers are self-made and the winding in them begins with the secondary winding. The manufacturing process will require accuracy and a winding device.

Transformer T1 is made on a dielectric frame inserted into the B26 armor core, Fig. 2, made of M2000NM1 (M1500NM1) ferrite. It contains in the winding I - 6 turns; II - 20 turns with PELSHO wire with a diameter of 0.18 mm (0.12 ... 0.23 mm), in winding III - 1800 turns with PEL wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm. When winding the 3rd winding, it is necessary to lay capacitor dielectric paper every 400 turns, and impregnate the layers with capacitor or transformer oil. After winding the coil, insert it into the ferrite cups and glue the joint (after making sure that it works). The coil leads are filled with heated paraffin or wax.

When installing the circuit, it is necessary to observe the polarity of the phases of the transformer windings indicated on the diagram.

The high-voltage transformer T2 is made on transformer iron plates assembled in a package, fig. 3. Since the magnetic field in the coil is not closed, the design makes it possible to exclude the magnetization of the core. Winding is performed turn to turn (first the secondary winding is wound) II - 1800 ... 2000 turns with PEL wire with a diameter of 0.08 ... 0.12 mm (in four layers), I - 20 turns with a diameter of 0.35 mm. Interlayer insulation is best done from several turns of thin (0.1 mm) fluoroplastic tape, but capacitor paper is also suitable - it can be obtained from high-voltage non-polar capacitors. After winding the windings, the transformer is filled with epoxy glue. It is advisable to add a few drops of condenser oil (plasticizer) to the adhesive before pouring and mix well. At the same time, there should be no air bubbles in the filling mass of the adhesive. And for the convenience of pouring, you will need to make a cardboard frame (55x23x20 mm in size) according to the dimensions of the transformer, where the sealing is performed. A transformer made in this way provides a voltage amplitude of more than 90,000 V in the secondary winding, but it is not recommended to turn it on without a protective arrester F2, since a breakdown inside the coil is possible at such a voltage.

Diode VD3 any with the following parameters:
- reverse voltage > 1500 V
- leakage current< 10-15 мкА
- direct current > 300 mA
The most suitable in terms of parameters: two KD226D diodes connected in series.

Transformer data:
T1 - iron of standard size 20x16x5 (ferrum brand M2000mm Sh7x7 is possible)

Windings:
I - 28 turns 0.3 mm
II - 1500 turns 0.1 mm
III - 38 turns 0.5 mm

T2 - ferrite core 2000-3000 nm (a piece from a horizontal-scan transformer of a TV (TVS), in extreme cases, a piece of a rod from a magnetic antenna of a radio receiver).
I - 40 turns 0.5 mm
II - 3000 turns 0.08 - 0.15 mm

This transformer is the most important part of the shocker. The procedure for its manufacture is as follows: the ferrite rod is insulated with two layers of fluoroplastic film (FUM) or fiberglass. After that, winding starts. The turns are laid in hundreds so that the turns from neighboring hundreds do not fall on each other: 1000 turns (10 to 100) are wound in one layer, then they are impregnated with epoxy resin, two layers of fluoroplastic film or varnished cloth are wound and the next layer of wire is wound up (1000 turns) in the same way as the first time; again isolate and wind the third layer. As a result, the coil leads are obtained from different sides of the ferrite rod.

Capacitor C2 must withstand a voltage of 1500 V (in extreme cases 1000 V), preferably with as little leakage current as possible. The arrester K is two crossed brass plates 1-2 mm wide with a gap between the plates of 1 mm: to provide a discharge of 1 KV (kilovolt).

Customization: first, a converter is assembled with a transformer T1 (parts are not connected to winding II) and power is supplied. A whistle should be heard with a frequency of about 5 kHz. Then they bring one to one (with a small, about 1 mm gap) the conclusions of the winding II of the transformer. An electric arc should appear. If a piece of paper is placed between these leads, it will light up. This work must be done carefully, since the voltage on this winding is up to 1.5 kV. If the whistle is not heard in the transformer, then swap the terminals of winding III at T1. After that, connect a diode and a capacitor to the winding II T1. Turn the power back on. Switch off after a few seconds. Now, with a well-insulated screwdriver, short-circuit the leads of capacitor C2. There should be a loud shock. So the converter is working fine. If not, then swap the terminals of the winding II T1. After that, you can assemble the entire circuit. During normal operation, the discharge at the output reaches a length of 30 mm. Resistor R1 \u003d 2 ... 10 Ohms can increase the power of the device (if you reduce this resistor) or reduce it (increasing its resistance). As a battery, a Krona-type battery (preferably imported) is used, which has a large capacity and gives a current of up to 3 A in a short-term mode.

Transformer T1 is wound on M2000NM-1 ferrite, size Sh7x7,
Windings: I - 28 turns 0.35 mm.
II - 38 turns 0.5 mm.
III - 1200 turns 0.12 mm.

Transformer T2 on a rod 8 mm and 50 mm long.
I - 25 turns 0.8 mm.
II - 3000 turns 0.12 mm.

Capacitors C2, C3 must withstand voltages up to 600 V.

A single-cycle voltage converter is assembled on transistor VT1, which is rectified by diode VD1 and charges capacitors C2 and C3. As soon as the voltage on C3 reaches the threshold of operation of the dinistor VS1, it opens and opens the thyristor VS2. In this case, the capacitor C2 is discharged through the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer T2. A high voltage pulse appears on its secondary winding. So the process is repeated with a frequency of 5-10 Hz. Diode VD2 serves to protect the thyristor VS2 from breakdown.

The setting consists in selecting the resistor R1 to achieve the optimal ratio between the current consumption and the power of the converter. By replacing the VS1 dinistor with another one with a higher or lower response voltage, you can adjust the frequency of high-voltage discharges.

Production - Korea.
Output voltage - 75 kV.
Power supply - 6 V.
Weight - 380 g.

The master oscillator is assembled on a transistor VT1.

Transformer T1 data:
- ferrum core M2000 20x30 mm;
I - 16 turns 0.35 mm, branch from the 8th turn
II - 500 turns 0.12 mm.

Transformer T2 data:
I - 10 turns 0.8 mm.
II - 2800 turns 0.012 mm.

Transformer T2 is wound in five layers with 560 turns per layer. Although instead of this transformer, you can take the ignition coil from the car. The transformer is the most important part of the shocker. The procedure for its manufacture is as follows: the ferrite rod is insulated with two layers of fluoroplastic film (FUM) or fiberglass. After that, winding starts. The turns are laid in hundreds so that the turns from neighboring hundreds do not fall on each other: 1000 turns (10 to 100) are wound in one layer, then they are impregnated with epoxy resin, two layers of fluoroplastic film or varnished cloth are wound and the next layer of wire is wound up (1000 turns) in the same way as the first time; again isolate and wind the third layer. As a result, the coil leads are obtained from different sides of the ferrite rod.

Next comes the impregnation with epoxy again, three layers of insulation, and 40 turns of wire 0.5-0.8 mm are wound on top. This transformer can only be turned on after the epoxy resin has cured. Do not forget about it, because it will be "pierced" by high voltage.

The setting consists in selecting R2 until, with the dinistors VD2, VD3 turned off, the voltage on C4 is 500 volts. When the button is pressed, the blocking generator starts to work, and a voltage appears at the output T1, which reaches 600 V. C4 starts charging through VD1, and as soon as the voltage on it reaches the threshold of operation of the dinistors, they open, the current in the primary circuit reaches 2A, the voltage drops sharply on C4, the dinistors close and the process repeats at a frequency of 10-15 Hz.

The basis of the device is a DC voltage converter (Fig. 1). At the output of the device, I used a multiplier on KTs-106 diodes and capacitors 220 pF x 10 kV. 10 D-0.55 batteries serve as food. With smaller ones, the result is slightly worse. Batteries "Krona" or "Korund" can also be used. It is important to have 9-12 volts.

I - 2 x 14 dia. 0.5-0.8 mm.
II - 2 x 6 dia. 0.5-0.8 mm.
III - 5-8 thousand dia. 0.15-0.25 mm.

Batteries are convenient only because they can be charged.

Highly important element is a transformer that I made from a ferrite core (a ferrite rod from a radio receiver with a diameter of 8 mm), but a transformer made of ferrite from TVS worked more efficiently - I made a bar from a U-shaped one.

I took the rules for winding a high-voltage winding from the ("Electric Match") - I laid insulation through every thousand turns. For interturn insulation, I used FUM tape (fluoroplast). In my opinion, other materials are less reliable. While experimenting, I tried electrical tape, mica, used PELSHO wire. The transformer did not serve long - the windings were "flashed".

Housing made from plastic box suitable sizes- plastic packaging from an electric soldering iron. Original dimensions: 190 x 50 x 40 mm (see Fig. 2).

In the case, I made plastic partitions between the transformer and the multiplier, as well as between the electrodes on the soldering side - precautions to avoid the passage of a spark inside the circuit (case), which also protects the transformer. From the outer part, under the electrodes, I placed small "antennae" made of brass to reduce the distance between the electrodes - a discharge is formed between them. In my design, the distance between the electrodes is 30 mm, and the length of the crown is 20 mm. A spark is also formed without a "mustache" - between the electrodes, but there is a danger of breakdown of the transformer, its formation inside the case. I spied the idea of ​​"mustache" on "branded" models.

In order to avoid self-switching when worn, it is more advisable to use a slide-type switch.

I want to warn radio amateurs about the need for careful handling of the product both during the design and commissioning period, and with the finished device. Remember that it is directed against a bully, a criminal, but, at the same time, against a person. Exceeding the limits of necessary defense is punishable by law.

The basis of the device is a DC voltage converter. It is made according to the scheme of a push-pull pulse generator on transistors VT1 and VT2. It is loaded with the primary winding of the transformer. The secondary is for feedback. The tertiary is increasing. When you press the KH1 button, a constant voltage of 400V appears on the capacitor C2. The role of the voltage multiplier is performed by the ignition coil from the Moskvich-412 car.

When the button is pressed, voltage is applied to the generator, and a high alternating voltage is induced in its output winding, which is converted by the VD1 diode into an increasing constant on C2. As soon as C2 is charged to 300V, the dinistors VD2 and VD3 open and a current pulse appears in the primary winding of the ignition coil, as a result, there will be a high voltage pulse in the secondary, with an amplitude of several tens of kilovolts. The use of an ignition coil is due to its reliability, and in this case there is no need for time-consuming winding of a homemade coil. A diode multiplier is not very reliable. Transformer Tr1 is wound on a ferite ring with an outer diameter of 28 mm. Its primary winding contains 30 volts of PEV 0.41 with a tap from the middle. Secondary - 12 turns with a tap from the middle of the same wire. Tertiary - 800 turns of wire PEV 0.16. The winding rules for such a transformer are known

This device can be used to protect against attack by wild animals (and not only animals). Most of these devices are based on pulse generator and high voltage transformer homemade coil, which is not distinguished by ease of manufacture and strength.

AT this device simulated car ignition system. It uses an automotive ignition coil, a nine-volt battery of six A373 cells, and a breaker with a capacitor on an electromagnetic relay. The operation of the interrupter is controlled by a multivibrator on a DI chip and a key on a VT1 transistor. The whole device is mounted in plastic pipe about 500 mm long and with a diameter - according to the diameter of the ignition coil. The coil is located at the working end (with two pins from the 220V plug and discharge petals between them.), And the battery is on the opposite side of the pipe, with an electronic unit between them. Turning on - with a button installed between the battery cells. The ignition coil can be from any car, the electromagnetic relay is also automotive, for example, the horn relay from VAZ 08 or Moskvich 2141.

Attention: Be careful when operating the devices; the voltage on the electrodes is maintained for 20-40 seconds after switching off.

A set of fresh A316 elements is enough for 20-30 turns on of the device for 0.5-1 minutes. Replace items promptly. In case of danger, turn on the voltage converter. After 2-3 seconds, the voltage on the electrodes will reach 300 V. Press the button to turn on the flash should not be earlier than the indicator lights up (5-12 seconds, after turning on the converter). Flash from a distance of no more than 1.5 meters, directing the lamp into the eyes of the attacker. Immediately after the flash, you can apply an electric shock.