Technology of sputtering on glass of different coatings. Mirror glass: manufactured by ethkos Magnetic coating on glass

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MIRROR GLASS

glass products

At VETRA we offer mirror glass own production, that is glass with mirror coating.

In the manufacture mirror glass, vacuum magnetron sputtering is used at the production base of the glass company VETRA thin films metals or their oxides.

A distinctive quality of magnetron sputtering is the high adhesion (affinity) of the deposited coating and tinted glass, which distinguishes our products from others, for example, stickers of special films.

technology perfection, high quality raw materials used and strict control of production at all its stages ensure the impeccability of our products.

The tinted glass sprayed in this way is called architectural glass. Architectural glass - glass construction purposes, which is used, among other things, for external glazing of elements of buildings and structures: facades, stained-glass windows, translucent roofs, winter gardens, etc.

Such glasses are actively used in rooms where it is necessary to ensure an inconspicuous presence: for equipping meeting rooms, rooms for focus groups, rooms for security services, psychologists (especially for children). Psychologists watch children through a mirrorGisellawithout interfering with them, which allows children to behave naturally and allows them to correctly assess the pedagogical situation.

Using such a glass-mirror, and watching customers, staff or children, you will remain completely invisible to them.

Application area spy mirrors are not limited to this. Interior designers use this unique glass, which is transparent on one side, to conceal television panels. Those. in other words, the spy glass is mounted directly in front of the TV screen and with outside looks like a completely normal mirror. But as soon as you turn on the TV, the Gisella mirror starts its work, you can enjoy it without any distortion. bright image your TV. In other words, by doing so you mask the TV with a mirror, which can also be used directly as a mirror.

These mirrors are based on high-quality glass with a thickness of 2 to 19 mm, the followingspecies :

plain clear glass

• mass-tinted glass
• patterned glass
• strained glass
• laminated glass (triplex)
• bent (curved) glass
• glass with combined properties.

The sputtered metal layer gives a specular, and the layer of metal oxides allows you to get different shades on the surface.

By adjusting the thickness of the sprayed metal layer,we can set the desired degree of surface specularity, and get effects from transparent to full mirror.

Vacuum mirror deposition of glass makes it possible to create mirror surfaces different shades: Steel, Graphite, Bronze, Dark Bronze, Gold, Lemon, Yellow, Blue, Green, and can also design decorative effects at the request of the customer.

Applying tinting to the glass of a car, each driver argues in his own way:

• for one, it is eye protection from sunlight and the glare of headlights of oncoming cars;
• for another - an indispensable element appearance, important detail tuning;
• still others cannot imagine their iron without it, which will be visible to the eyes of all outsiders.

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There are even those who disregard the rules traffic and the safety of their children, uses tinted windows to transport children without a child restraint (child car seat).

In any case, this must be done in compliance with current regulations, and the method that each car owner will use for this is chosen individually. The method of spraying a thin layer of metal is one of them.

What is this

Tinting by the magnetron method (the second name is plasma) is commonly called tinting by spraying. The method is carried out by placing the treated surface in a special chamber, where it is applied thinnest layer metal: bronze, gold, aluminum and so on.

The method has long been known in narrow circles, today it is practically not used on cars due to a large number negative features associated with their operation.

Blackout according to GOST and penalties for non-compliance

To avoid getting a fine, car windows must meet the requirements specified in the following documents:

1. , which entered into force on January 1, 2015 to replace GOST 5727-88.

For the first time, Rosstandart introduces new terms and clarifications regarding automotive double-glazed windows:

1. According to clause 5.1.2.5 of GOST 32565-2013: "The light transmission of glasses that provide the driver with an overview must be at least 70." The obsolete document required 75% compliance. The throughput of other glasses around, as before, is not standardized, subject to the presence of 2 exterior mirrors. That is, in this case, the rear can be tinted tightly.
2. In addition, for the first time, the term “resin-coated safety glass” appears in official documents, which means the recognition of the legality of a film pasted on the inside of a car that increases its safety.
3. Another important element is the information that the strip in the upper half of the windshield can have any percentage of transmission: “Light transmission of other (non-wind) and shading strips of windshields in the area above zone B for vehicles of category M and other vehicles is not standardized.” The only criterion for cars its width is not more than 14 cm.

   

   It follows from this that the "divorce" of a mercenary traffic police officer about a too dark stripe on windshield illegal.

4. Finally, there was a legal permission to use a film for energy saving glass, which was not mentioned before: “Glass dyed in bulk or having polymer coating capable of lowering throughput light or heat energy. Prior to this, some "hardcore" lawyers tried to prove that the use of any film on the windshield is illegal.
5. Another curious fact is the lack of information about, while the canceled GOST forbade its use.

Car tinting is regulated not only by the standards presented earlier, but also by the DD Rules, in clause 7.3 the following is written: “there are coatings or additional elements obstructing the driver's view.

Thus, claim 3 can be applied to a driver driving such a car. The amount of the fine under the third paragraph will be 500 rubles.

The main advantage of this method when meeting with the traffic police is that he will not be able to remove it, he will not break the glass either, but there is a possibility of losing the diagnostic card.

Spray tint on auto glass

Changing the appearance of the car by spraying metal oxide came from construction. In this direction, it has practically no drawbacks that affect the operation on the roads.

The main difficulty of the work when performing this procedure is to determine the amount of the mixture needed to achieve the result:

1. Insufficient will lead to the fact that the owner of the car will be dissatisfied with the result.
2. Excessive, on the contrary, will cause close attention of the traffic police.

Application technology

Glass tuning associated with the application of tinting by spraying involves a complex technological process which should only be carried out by professionals and with appropriate equipment.

Majority negative reviews from people who have previously encountered such a procedure are due to the fact that the technology was violated, and the work was carried out in artisanal conditions.

The procedure is to perform the following steps:

1. All glass to be tinted is being removed.
2. The surface is cleaned of dust particles, dirt, grease stains. Polished if necessary.
3. The cleaned glass is placed in a vacuum chamber.
4. A thin layer of metal is sprayed onto the surface.

DIY

Do-it-yourself spraying is not a relevant topic today, since this method, in comparison with the film method, is significantly inferior to it. In addition, the technology is considered to be a thing of history; it was widely used in the second half of the last century.

Many motorists of that time proudly used cars with a metallic coating that reflects Sun rays and giving mirror shine. This continued until the material applied in violation began to peel and crumble, which made the machines look very unpleasant.

Service price

The cost of the service affects the specific performance of work and its technological complexity. As mentioned earlier, self-tinting will lead to the fact that the coating will become unusable very quickly.

Professional will cost an order of magnitude higher application ordinary film which will last much longer.

Table 1. Prices for spray tinting.

As can be seen from the information provided, spraying prices depend on the model and design features car. However, many salons provide discounts when ordering a comprehensive tinting of the entire car.

Advantages and disadvantages

Sputtered glass receives improved characteristics regarding resistance to mechanical impact, does not fade in the sun and has a high rate of light and heat reflection.

As mentioned earlier, this method is widely used in the production of door and window double-glazed windows, shop windows, internal partitions from glass.

Spray tinted glass has a number of disadvantages, primarily the following:

1. In the process of performing work, it is required to remove all glasses, which complicates the process and increases its cost.
2. Compared to the conventional application of the film, it has low wear resistance, it is scratched when lowering / raising with grains of sand.
3. In winter, wrinkles may appear around the heating system. This happens because the materials (metal of the threads, glass and spraying) are incompatible.
4. Removing tinting by spraying is impossible, therefore, when tinting, there is only one way out - to change to a new one.

Despite the positive effects that this method gives, it is practically not used on cars, since the application technology has many negative factors.

Any actions related to changing the car that are not related to its scheduled repair can be classified as tuning, this also applies to tinting.

It, in turn, can be carried out in several ways: the most common gluing of the film, using the well-known sputtering, which is carried out according to modern standards, automatic or partial application of a protective decorative film.

Glass company "ETKOS" is a manufacturer of high-quality mirror glass different sizes, up to 2500x1600mm. Our products are produced by applying metallic thin-film coatings. In this case, vacuum deposition of wear-resistant materials is used - titanium and its oxide and oxy-nitride compounds. This technology allows you to apply durable tinted low-emission coatings on glass with a given efficiency. Coatings made of metals and their oxides are highly durable and resistant to chemical and mechanical influences.

Scope of application of vacuum deposition

Vacuum metallization makes it possible to obtain architectural tinted glass with varying degrees transmission and reflection, which allows us to use our products in various products and applications:

• For external glazing of elements of buildings and structures (windows and double-glazed windows, facade design, stained-glass windows, roofs, winter gardens).
• To ensure anonymity in meeting rooms, for focus groups, security services, to monitor customers, staff or children.
• For design purposes - the arrangement of hidden television panels in other interior structures.
• The service is in demand in the entertainment industry.

Vacuum deposition technology

The deposition of metals and their oxides on glass makes it possible to improve the quality of glass, as well as to give it some additional beneficial features. Surely many of us have noticed "one-way" mirrors in films. With their help, those outside the room can observe those inside. The latter, in turn, do not see those who are outside, and can only see their own reflection in such glass. Such glasses exist in reality and are most often used not for espionage, but to protect various objects from prying eyes, and mirror coating is used for their manufacture.



Spray technology

The principle of operation of this effect is based on the fact that it is very difficult to see a darkened room against the background of a brighter reflection. To date, there are no translucent mirrors that would have the ability to let light through in one direction and not in the other.

In order to make such glass, people began to use special methods to create products with a one-sided effect. So, conventional mirrors They are glasses with a very dense and thick reflective coating on the back surface. Mirrors with one-sided transparency are made by analogy, but a thinner and light-transmitting coating layer is used.

As an alternative today, a mirror film is often used, which is applied to the surface of the product. Such mirror film can be easily applied to an already finished product.

There are two main spraying methods:

• pyrolytic method (carried out at the manufacturing stage);
• vacuum type deposition (applied to finished goods, using a special type of setup).

Today there are several varieties vacuum deposition, the most popular, among which are:

• magnetron high-speed;
• ion-plasma.

This type of processing involves applying to the glass surface various kinds metals and their compounds using the method of magnetron sputtering. Products are processed under conditions closed space. This processing is done on molecular level owing to which the products obtain high quality and operational characteristics.

Gases are often used to achieve the desired effect. various types- oxygen, nitrogen or argon. During the reaction, metal layers are formed on the surface of the product. This makes it possible to manufacture glasses with different specified characteristics.



Glass tinted using magnetron sputtering technology has a number of advantages:

• excellent reflective characteristics;
• excellent heat reflection characteristics;
• thanks to the possibility of modeling the thickness of the applied metal layer, manufacturers can produce glasses with the necessary characteristics of light reflection and light transmission;
• this type of coating can even be used to process patterned glass.
• relatively low and affordable cost.

Ion-plasma spraying

To apply ion-plasma spraying, it is necessary to place the product in vacuum conditions. In a closed space there is an inert gas, cathodes with a negative charge and metal coated, a positively charged anode, and a triple-bearing bearing.

The spray layer during processing is applied precisely to the bearing. The plasma method makes it possible to apply alloys of the most various metals, as well as their compounds, such as titanium, silver, aluminum, nickel, chromium, etc.



The quality of the applied coatings will always depend directly on the quality of the surface. In such a case, even such moments as the roughness or texture of the workpiece, the quality of the preparation of the surface itself and the culture of production are taken into account. It can be noted that rather stringent requirements for surface preparation, as well as the cost of the equipment used, can be called a limiting factor that affects the spread of this method.

Sapphire-coated glasses deserve special attention. In the watch industry, this technology is often used to create dials. Mineral glass is used as a material for production, which, in turn, is artificially grown from silicon oxide crystals.

For lovers of particularly durable glass, craftsmen from Switzerland have learned how to create glasses even from artificial sapphires. Such products are characterized high strength and no less expensive. The solution between strength and cost was found after the invention of mineral-type glass, which was coated with sapphire. This type of sputtering has the strength of sapphire and the cost of conventional mineral. The only drawback is the fast wear time.

Technologies make it possible to apply high-quality tinted, low-emission, self-cleaning coatings to the glass surface, which can have an efficiency of any given degree.

Coatings containing oxides are more durable than metal coatings. They are more resistant to external influences and are chemically related to glass.

By by and large there are two colors mirror coatings, these are Silver and Gold, which have one common distinguishing feature— mirror gloss of the covered surfaces. Of course, most often such materials are used in the automotive industry and in the glass industry, although these are far from all areas for use.

We will talk about this below, and also, as an addition, watch the thematic video in this article.

Chrome mirror paint - excellent effect

Mirror paints

Application area



• At the moment, two types of mirror coatings are used, these are powder paints and aerosol cans. The second option is available to almost everyone - it can be used both for painting motorcycle and car parts, and for various decorations. For example, a mirror paint for plastic, metal or ceramics can become important element in the interior of your home, as it can be originally diversified color scheme general decor.



Mirror motorcycle - much cooler

• Of course, such coatings are most appropriate in mechanical engineering, as you can see by looking at top photo- chrome parts of a motorcycle or car are always attractive and very beautiful. In addition to beauty, chrome powder paint any color provides anti-corrosion and high mechanical strength coating.
• The process of applying powder compositions consists of three main stages, these are a) preparatory treatment of the surface of the part; b) applying the powder to the surface with a spray gun; c) polymerization or melting of the powder in an oven. And if we talk about the principle itself, then dust particles of powder are attracted to the grounded part, which are then melted.

Note. No matter how the objects are painted (polymerization, aerosol), in any case, the treated surface must be cleaned.
This is done in two ways - chemical and mechanical.

Possibilities

For getting mirror effect aerosol compositions such as "Mirror Chrome" or "Mirror Gold" are used, which allow you to get a reflective smooth coating on almost any solid object. It can be brick, concrete, plaster, glass, porcelain, plastic, metals and even paper, and in any case, the paint provides excellent adhesion (provided the surface is clean).

Visually, the surface of an object on which an aerosol is applied is almost impossible to distinguish from a similar application by galvanization. There is always an instruction on the can that explains how to use the product, that is, at what distance from the surface to hold the sprayer (usually, this is within 30-35 cm).

Interestingly, by applying one layer on top of another, you can achieve intermediate shades between silver and gold, without detracting from the physical and chemical qualities of the finish.



When spraying an aerosol with your own hands, you will need to follow certain rules concerning not only production efficiency, but also safety regulations. So, you can work with such liquids only on the street or in a well-ventilated area, in addition, you should be careful not to get it on open areas body. The paint is applied to a carefully degreased surface, and shaken for 20 to 30 seconds before use.

In order to apply the next layer of coating, you need to wait at least 10 minutes, but you can start using the part only after 24 hours, when the polymerization process is completed. If the atomizer is clogged, the head is removed from the can and cleaned with a very thin needle or replaced by removing another head from an already used container.

If there is paint left in the can, then it can be saved - to do this, turn the can upside down and press the sprayer until air comes out of it.



Note. Although chrome base coats can serve as a base for other paints, Zinga electrically conductive paint, for example, is not appropriate here, as it is no longer painting finish, but rather a method of cold galvanizing surfaces.
Also, fire-retardant paints for Polystil metal will probably be inappropriate - they have too low atmospheric resistance (they are subject to temperature changes and moisture), therefore, additional enamel coating is required there.

Conclusion

Universal chrome mirror paint with shades of silver or gold can not only decorate your car or motorcycle, but also change the interior of the apartment. In addition, such coatings not only have excellent physical and Chemical properties, but also a fairly affordable price, which is affordable for almost everyone.