What is the cost of laying expanded clay concrete blocks? Internal partitions according to the project
The most economical type of roof spreading device is the expanded clay spreading device, this is due to the fact that only expanded clay is used from the main materials used for this type of spreading device. For quality device We recommend the use of expanded clay sand, i.e. expanded clay with a fraction of up to 5 mm.
Before starting the device for spreading the roof with expanded clay, it is necessary to set elevation marks. The next, and probably the most important step in the device of expanding the roof with expanded clay is the setting of beacons, guides of the valleys and ridges of the roof slopes. They can be made of metal beacons or guide profiles, lumber. Then the formed cards, compartments are filled with expanded clay, which is leveled by pulling the rule along the beacons or guides.
On top of the expansion with expanded clay on a flat roof, a cement sand screed. The cement-sand screed must be reinforced with a metal mesh. In the process of laying out expanded clay and performing a screed on the roof, our company's specialists recommend using metal mesh with the smallest cells.
As noted above, the main advantage and advantage of this type of ramping device on a flat roof is its low cost. However, this type of roofing device has its drawbacks. The main disadvantage of performing this type of slope on the roof is the low accuracy of such a slope. This factor is caused by the high flowability of expanded clay. In the process of leveling, builders are forced to move, including on completed maps filled with expanded clay. At the same time, the evenness of such a surface is disturbed, expanded clay does not hold its shape. To solve this problem, the option is often used when expanded clay is poured with cement milk for fixation. Cement milk is a mixture of water and cement. The consumption of cement in this case is about 200 kg per 1 m3 of expanded clay.
The next disadvantage of the ramping device on a flat roof made of expanded clay is the high risk of wetting this layer. So, if in the process of laying expanded clay, you encounter rain, the rain falls into the thickness of the slope and then it is very difficult to expel this moisture. She will leave, but it will take a very long time.
The price of roofing with expanded clay
The cost of creating a ramp on the roof with expanded clay is from 150 rubles / m2.
In each case, it is different. The price for creating a expanded clay ramp depends on the total area of the roof and the average thickness of the expanded clay layer.
Thus, it is better to focus on the price per 1 m3. The price of work on the device of expanded clay spreading is 1500 rubles / m3.
In comparison with other types of lightweight concrete, expanded clay concrete has found more extensive use, due to the ability to synthesize expanded clay gravel from clay raw materials. This is beneficial from an economic point of view; It has high strength with low thermal conductivity.
When choosing a composition, it is necessary to understand the classification of concrete, which will avoid mistakes.
Expanded clay concrete (GOST) according to its physical and technical properties and purpose is divided into:
- heat-insulating - volume weight dry material 300-900 kg/m³, thermal conductivity up to 0.2. There are no requirements for high strength to the material, the volumetric weight depends on the quality of expanded clay. To implement a heat-insulating type with a low bulk density (150-200 kg / m³), the largest and lightest fractions from 20-40 mm or more are used, after which large-pore expanded clay concrete 350-400 kg / m³ is produced;
- structural and heat-insulating - the volumetric weight is 700-1400 kg / m³, the material is assigned grade strength M35 / M50 / M75. Higher strength compared to the previous type, along with low thermal conductivity (up to 0.5), allows use in building envelopes;
- structural - volumetric weight reaches 1700 kg / m³, compressive strength - 400 kg / cm². It can be reinforced with prestressed or conventional rebar.
Good expanded clay concrete should be viscous and fluid at the same time. The amount of water and plasticizers included in the composition is determined empirically
Claydite concrete grades
Most often, several main grades of material are used - M100 / M150 / M200 / M300. They are successfully used for building walls, pouring floors, manufacturing panels, blocks, floor slabs.
M100 - characteristics:
- frost resistance class - F50 - F100;
- water resistance class - W2 - W4;
- average density - D900 - D1300;
- strength class B7.5.
Expanded clay concrete of this grade is used in the construction of low-rise residential buildings, for insulation of enclosing structures, in the arrangement monolithic floors, floors, when pouring screeds.
M150 - characteristics:
- frost resistance class F75 - F100;
- water resistance class - W4;
- average density D1000 - D1500;
- strength class - B10 - B12.5.
The material is used for the construction of enclosing and load-bearing structures, in the production of wall blocks and panels. Concrete is resistant to temperature fluctuations and chemical influences.
M200 - characteristics:
- frost resistance class F100;
- water resistance class W4;
- average density D1600;
- strength class B5.0.
The brand is used for the manufacture of light floors and blocks. The material is resistant to moisture and chemical processes.
Requirements for materials and raw materials
The composition of the expanded clay concrete mixture should be formed on the basis of high-quality raw materials, whose characteristics are normalized by GOST:
- for the manufacture of stones, it is recommended to use cements that meet the standard (10178/22266/25328), colored and white Portland cements (15825/965).
For stones made of lightweight concrete, large and small aggregates are:
- crushed stone, sand, gravel (9757);
- fly ash (25818);
- sand and crushed stone from slags of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy (5578), porous from rocks 22263), pearlite expanded (10832);
- mixtures for ash and slag CHPPs (25592);
- crushed and natural sand (8736).
Despite the characteristics of expanded clay concrete, it cannot be used for the construction of load-bearing foundations below ground level, even with low design loads.
For fine-grained and heavy concrete used as filler:
- gravel and crushed stone from dense rocks (8276);
- ash and slag mixtures from CHPP (25592);
- sand and crushed stone from thermal power plant slag, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy slag;
- sand from crushing screenings or natural and blast-furnace granulated slag, in accordance with the current regulatory documentation.
*in parentheses is the number of the corresponding state standard.
Expanded clay concrete (GOST 25820 2000) is made with the participation of coarse aggregate, the fraction size of which corresponds to 10 mm for a hollow module, 20 mm for a solid stone. If the composition will be introduced chemical additives their proportional ratio is determined empirically. If it is necessary to obtain colored blocks, pigments of inorganic origin are used.
The actual composition of expanded clay concrete, the proportions in independent construction are formed directly at the place of work. The properties of the material used are taken into account: particle size, humidity, etc.
Exist general recommendations to be taken into account:
- to increase the strength characteristics and modulus of elasticity, quartz sand is introduced into the composition;
- allowed to use quartz sand and expanded clay gravel without expanded clay sand, hydrophobic cement, which is effective in reducing water absorption;
- as a binder, mainly Portland cement is used, the grade of which is not lower than M400, without plasticizers (this can cause a decrease in the strength of the material at an early age);
- with an increase in the proportion of cement in the composition, the strength of the material increases, but at the same time, an increase in bulk density is observed. This necessitates the use of high-quality Portland cement;
- if expanded clay concrete is subject to heat treatment, it is indicated to use alite cements.
Volumetric weight and brand of concrete characterize the properties of expanded clay concrete not completely.
To work with monolithic expanded clay concrete, the proportions can be adjusted in the direction of increasing the amount of expanded clay, which increases thermal insulation
Structure and grain composition change the properties of concrete, which can be:
- macroporous;
- with intergranular porosity;
- dense;
- moderately dense;
- coarse-grained;
- fine-grained.
Having achieved a homogeneous structure of expanded clay concrete, it is possible to improve performance characteristics building envelopes and reduce their cost. All required parameters for the material must be strictly observed.
Composition, proportions of expanded clay concrete blocks
The principles of selection and mixing of expanded clay concrete are similar to all general provisions inherent lightweight concrete. The preliminary water consumption is based on the assigned cement consumption.
For an approximate selection of the composition of expanded clay concrete blocks, you can look at the table data presented:
| The composition of expanded clay concrete per 1 m³ | ||||||
| Material density | Cement M400, kg | Expanded clay, bulk density, P150-P200 | Water, l | Sand, kg | ||
| M3 | kg/m³ | Kg | ||||
| 1000 | 250.00 | — | 700.00 | 720.00 | 140.00 | — |
| 1500 | 430.00 | 0.80 | 700.00 | 420.00 | ||
| 1600 | 430.00 | 0.68 | 600.00 | 680.00 | ||
| 1600 | 400.00 | 0.72 | 700.00 | 640.00 | ||
| 1700 | 410.00 | 0.56 | 600.00 | 880.00 | ||
| 1700 | 380.00 | 0.62 | 700.00 | 830.00 | ||
* brand of mix according to workability P1; class of expanded clay concrete B20, branded bulk density of expanded clay 600-700.
The composition of expanded clay concrete for the floor
According to the method of filling, it is customary to distinguish between dry, semi-dry and wet screed expanded clay floors.
The composition of expanded clay concrete and the proportions for conducting work using the wet method are as follows:
- cement - 1 hour;
- expanded clay - 4 hours;
- sand - 3 hours
In terms of weight ratio, it is necessary to take 25 kg of expanded clay and 30 kg of sand cement. For the arrangement of the floor, it is recommended to use the presented composition of expanded clay concrete (M100).
The composition of expanded clay concrete for walls
To prepare strong structural concrete, use the following proportion:
- cement M400 - 1 hour;
- expanded clay sand - 1.5 hours;
- expanded clay of fine fraction - 1 tsp.
Wall blocks made of such material can be successfully used in low-rise construction for the construction of wall structures.
The composition of lightweight expanded clay concrete
How smaller size filler grains, the denser the concrete
The specific gravity of light mixtures reaches 1000 kg/m³. In the composition, the amount of cement decreases, expanded clay - increases. Sand may or may not be present in the recipe.
If it is necessary to prepare sandless expanded clay concrete, the proportions, composition per 1 m³ will be as follows:
- expanded clay M200 - 720 kg;
- cement - 250 kg;
- water - 100-150 l.
Price
Expanded clay is an affordable raw material that is sold at most enterprises specializing in the production of lightweight concrete.
Expanded clay - price per 1 m³:
- in bulk - from 950 to 1850 rubles. The smaller the fraction of the material, the higher its cost;
- expanded clay in bags - the price is 58-104 rubles. One bag contains approximately 0.04-0.05 m³ of material.
If you need to purchase ready-made expanded clay concrete, the price for 1 m³ will vary from 3.1-3.9 tr, which depends on the brand and class of the material.
Calculation of the cost of expanded clay concrete block will allow you to understand whether it is profitable to purchase finished material Or is it better to organize your own mini-production. Calculations are based on volume, market value of all components, electricity consumption and labor costs. Practice shows that self-preparation of the material allows you to save 30-35% of its selling price from the manufacturer.
If the master plans to organize independent production expanded clay concrete, the proportions per 1 m³ are selected depending on the area of application of the material.
The composition of expanded clay concrete blocks and expanded clay concrete for walls and proportions per 1 m3 is described in the video:
Foreword
Content
This page provides an approximate estimate for block houses that can be built from various kinds lightweight concrete. To get started, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the types of popular building blocks. Then you will see approximate prices for block houses of various configurations and areas.
A block house is a building made of aerated concrete blocks. This material is widely used for the construction of private and typical apartment buildings as well as office and industrial buildings.
Advantages and disadvantages of aerated concrete
The main advantage of aerated concrete is its low weight and lightness: 1 cubic meter of this building material is about 5 times lighter than a cubic meter of brick. Latest developments(the so-called sandwich panels) weigh even less - no more than 10-15 kg. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer in them is in the range of 5-25 cm. Aerated concrete blocks perfectly retain heat, which minimizes its leakage from the building, which significantly reduces the cost of heating the house.
The disadvantages of aerated concrete include the fact that they are not sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress, they do not pass air well, and sound insulation leaves much to be desired. It is for this reason that it is believed that a house built of aerated concrete blocks is less comfortable than the same wooden one.
Types of lightweight concrete
Popular types of lightweight concrete are gas silicate concrete and slate-ash aerated concrete. Both types of lightweight concrete are made from ground quartz sand and Portland cement, in some cases ground granulated metallurgical slag is added. The difference between these building materials is that aerated silicate concrete is made with the addition of lime, and slate-ash concrete is made on the basis of fine ash from the processing of combustible shale into fuel.
At present, many enterprises producing building materials have learned how to produce aerated concrete blocks without the use of Portland cement. Such material is more environmentally friendly.
Aerated concrete blocks are lighter than any other types of concrete, but at the same time they are characterized by high strength, which allows them to be used as load-bearing elements and structures in the construction of low-rise and mid-rise buildings.
Due to the design features, aerated concrete blocks of all types have a high porosity. Therefore, in order for the erected building to acquire equilibrium humidity, it takes a lot of time - as a rule, from six months to a year. To create a moisture-proof and vapor-tight layer, special weather-resistant paints are used, which cover the facades made of aerated concrete.
In construction, another type of lightweight concrete is widely used - foam concrete. This construction material It is made from a cement-sand mixture and a foaming agent, which is a chemical reagent. A characteristic feature of foam concrete is that it is produced directly at the construction site, as it quickly "seizes" in natural conditions (for this, the prepared mixture is poured into special forms).
Another common type of lightweight concrete is expanded clay concrete. In its manufacture, expanded clay is used as a coarse aggregate, and as binder- cement or other materials (lime, gypsum, synthetic resins, etc.). The fine aggregate is porous or dense sand (one typical example is quartz sand).
Monolithic expanded clay concrete aerated concrete
Expanded clay concrete can be of several types - depending on the degree of its porosity and depending on the purpose. According to the first sign, coarse-pored (sandless) and porous expanded clay concrete aerated concrete are separated, according to the second, heat-insulating, structural-heat-insulating and constructive are distinguished.
Stones and blocks made of lightweight concrete with porous aggregates are also very popular. Currently, manufacturers produce monolithic expanded clay concrete in different designs: a wide range of colors and imitations for other materials are offered (for example, natural stone). In most cases, this building material does not need to be plastered.
It has already been mentioned above such material as wall sandwich panels. They represent large building construction in the form of lightweight multilayer elements. Their undoubted advantage is lightness and at the same time strength, due to which they are extremely resistant to mechanical impact and influence environment. In addition, they are fire-resistant, durable and attractive in appearance.
Each of the above building materials has both advantages and disadvantages. In addition, they differ in price. So final choice material should be done after weighing all the pros and cons, as well as in consultation with experts.
Approximate estimate for the construction of a block house and the estimated cost of laying aerated concrete blocks
The following is an approximate estimate for the construction of a block house with total area 300 sq. m. Suppose the house has the following design: reinforced concrete slabs, 400 mm, external walls made of foam concrete or gas silicate blocks with a size of 300 mm, cladding - cladding ceramic brick. Internal walls and are laid out from slotted and solid brick, ventilation ducts and chimneys are made using a single solid brick, used as a roofing soft material"Katepal", "Ruflex" and "Tegola". The estimated price of laying aerated concrete blocks is also presented, which may differ slightly in the practical implementation of the project.
Table - Estimate for the construction of a block house with a total area of 300 sq. m:
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Volume |
Price |
Total |
|
|
material |
Works |
||||
|
Foundation |
|||||
|
Removal of axes, layout for the foundation |
|||||
|
Development of a site for the foundation, excavation |
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|
Installation of a sand and gravel base with a rammer |
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|
Installation of a concrete monolithic strip foundation |
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|
Brick wall laying from ground level to 0.00 mark |
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|
Overlap device at 0.00 |
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|
Implementation of coating side insulation |
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|
Total |
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|
Materials used |
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|
Reinforcement on the foundation frame |
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|
Commercial concrete |
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|
Building brick |
|||||
|
Granite crushed stone, sand |
|||||
|
Bituminous polymer mastic |
|||||
|
set |
|||||
|
Total |
16 752,57 |
||||
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Volume |
Price |
Total |
|
|
material |
Works |
||||
|
Construction of outdoor and internal walls houses with reinforced concrete floors |
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|
The construction of external and internal walls from a gas silicate block |
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|
Exterior façade cladding |
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|
Construction of internal walls from building bricks |
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|
Construction of chimneys and ventilation ducts from building bricks |
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Installation of a reinforced monolithic belt under floor slabs |
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|
Production and installation of load-bearing metal beams for floors |
|||||
|
Installation of reinforced concrete lintels |
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|
Installation of the ceiling at the level of 3.20 |
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|
Total |
17 678,6 |
||||
|
Materials used |
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|
Block gas silicate |
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|
Brick front red single |
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|
Brick solid and slotted ceramic |
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|
Reinforced concrete floor slabs |
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|
Commercial concrete |
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|
Jumpers |
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|
Rolled steel, high-section steel, channel bars, fittings |
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|
Masonry mortar, lumber |
set |
||||
|
Total |
33 036,7 |
||||
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Volume |
Price |
Total |
|
|
material |
Works |
||||
|
Roof truss installation with finish coating soft roof("Katepal", "Ruflex", "Tegola") |
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|
Installation of wooden floor beams at elevation 6.20 |
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|
Mounting roof structure with crate |
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|
Waterproofing device |
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|
Installation of moisture resistant plywood |
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|
Substrate installation |
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|
Soft roof installation |
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|
Total |
14 822,8 |
||||
|
Materials used |
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|
Edged lumber |
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|
Waterproofing film |
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|
Plywood or OSB |
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|
Waterproofing substrate |
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|
Soft roof |
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|
Anchors, nails, screws, bolts, etc. |
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|
Total |
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|
Total cost of work |
39 082,6 |
||||
|
Total cost of materials |
59 649,28 |
||||
|
Estimated total |
98 731,88 |
||||
Estimated construction estimate and the cost of a foam block house
In the Russian market for a house made of foam blocks, the price largely depends on the region where the construction site is located. The estimated estimate for the construction of a foam block house, which is proposed below, takes into account approximate prices. But on average, the cost of a house made of foam blocks is more attractive in comparison with a monolithic and concrete construction due to the more affordable cost of wall materials.
The price of building a house from foam blocks also significantly depends on the type of foaming additives that are used in production. Be careful, if you are offered a significantly lower cost of building a house from foam blocks than you see in the proposed estimate, then low-quality wall material may be used.
The next example is an approximate estimate for the construction of a house from foam concrete blocks. The total area of the house is 250 sq. m.
Table - Estimated construction of a house with an area of 250 square meters. m of foam concrete or aerated concrete:
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Quantity |
Estimate for work |
The cost of work |
Material price |
Cost of materials |
|
Geodetic works |
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|
Settling, leveling, development and excavation |
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Soil compaction by hand |
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Sand and gravel preparation device 30 cm thick with rammer |
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Foundation pouring |
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Installation of horizontal waterproofing (2 layers of hydrostekloizol) |
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Mounting vertical waterproofing foundation walls (hot bitumen 2 times) |
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backfilling |
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formwork |
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Foundation reinforcement (work) |
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|
Foundation reinforcement (material) |
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Foundation pouring |
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Monolithic reinforced concrete base, walls, upper reinforced belt, monolithic sections floors |
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Quantity |
Estimate for work |
The cost of work |
Material price |
Cost of materials |
|
Installation of floor slabs |
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|
Terrace and porch construction |
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Construction of facade and load-bearing walls |
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Wall insulation |
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Installation of monolithic ceilings |
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The device of monolithic flights of stairs and platforms |
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Installation of roof elements with battens |
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|
Antiseptic solutions |
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Roof installation |
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Insulation of coatings and ceilings with insulation |
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Hydro vapor barrier device |
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Plastering of the facade along the grid along with slopes |
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|
High-quality plastering of ceilings, walls inside buildings on a grid up to 2 cm thick |
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|
Installation of double plastic double-glazed windows, KBE profiles, window sills, ebbs |
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|
Installation of metal door blocks (set) |
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|
Plinth finish |
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|
Total |
46 994,9 |
62 979,4 |
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|
Estimated total |
109 974,3 |
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How much does a house made of foam blocks cost
In conclusion, the topic of building block houses is considered an example of an estimate for the construction of a box of a block house from foam blocks with a total area of 137 square meters. m. If you carefully recalculate all the data with price adjustments for your region, you will find out exactly how much a foam block house costs.
Table - Estimate for the construction of a box of a block house with an area of 137 square meters. m:
|
Position name |
unit of measurement |
Quantity |
Estimate for work |
The cost of work |
Material price |
Cost of materials |
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|
Internal partitions according to the project |
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|
Laying of internal partitions according to the project |
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|
foam concrete block |
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Reinforcing mesh |
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|
Device for doorways |
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|
Metal corner for openings |
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|
Total |
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|
Roof structure |
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|
Beam 200 x 150 mm |
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|
Ruberoid |
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|
Installation of the truss system |
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|
Beam 200 x 50 mm |
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|
Beam 150 x150 mm |
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|
Beam 100 x100 mm |
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|
Beam 150 x 50 mm |
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|
Lathing installation and temporary covering |
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|
Lumber (board 150 x 30 mm) |
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|
Ruberoid |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Total |
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|
Total works and materials |
20 148,85 |
18 756,6 |
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During construction, as well as from other materials, it is necessary to correctly approach the choice of builders for masonry, so as not to lose in quality and price. What is the price of masonry from expanded clay concrete blocks?The cost of this work, as well as for other materials, is set not lower than the cost of the material. To date, prices for a cube of expanded clay concrete blocks start at 800 rubles and end at more than 2,000. But the cost of laying expanded clay concrete blocks for some companies exceeds 3,000 rubles. As a result, the question arises, how much is it really worth?
Some companies add value because of their prestige and fame, but the quality of work may not differ from those companies that provide the laying of expanded clay concrete blocks at the price of their cost. It will be better if you yourself purchase at a price that is favorable to you, and then look for specialists who are willing to work for this price, which will help you avoid the moment when you are told one price, but in reality it is less. Especially since large companies cooperate with certain suppliers who may inflate prices. The prices for laying expanded clay concrete blocks have a wide range and are designed for any wallet. You should not immediately call large companies, because among those who offer low prices, can also be good specialists. And it is better to consult with people who have already encountered this, and they will be able to recommend trusted people to you. Video
Material calculation
10:0,0,0,290;0,290,290,290;290,290,290,0;290,0,0,0|5:188,188,0,290;188,290,63,63;0,188,108,108;188,290,147,147|1127:227,147;227,63|1327:163,63;163,117|2244:0,41;0,170;290,200|2144:80,0;80,290;217,290|2417:290,23|1927:220,-20 RUB 1,429,890.0 Only for the Moscow region! Calculation of the cost of workDo you want to know how much it costs to build your house and choose contractors? Place an express application and get offers from professional builders!
Claydite concrete wall with brick cladding and interlayer thermal insulation
Claydite-concrete block masonryThe calculated thermal conductivity of the masonry from expanded clay sides is 1.5 times lower than that of the facade from clinker brick of equal thickness, at a similar selling price. The main difference between claydite-cement blocks lies in the amazing water-repellent characteristics: in conditions with absolute humidity cement-ceramsite material absorbs moisture three times less than gas silicate. This is so important, since the moisture absorption parameter seriously affects the thermal insulation characteristics of the wall material in various weather zones. In appearance, these are lightweight, with a volume of seven ordinary bricks, masonry stones, made by the method of volumetric vibroforming from cement-ceramsite mixture. Expanded clay blocks have gained great popularity for individual construction, due to their high strength, hygiene and fire safety. In countries such as the Czech Republic, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands, Finland, Norway, at least 40% of buildings were built from expanded clay concrete blocks.
brick claddingIt is undeniable that facing brick- the most popular building material for building a house, which, in addition to the classic exterior, has weak (about six percent) moisture absorption and high (up to 100 freeze-thaw periods) frost resistance, which determines the long-term life of stone buildings. In addition to the usual ones, glazed, clinker and figured bricks are produced among the facing clay bricks. Currently on sale facade brick various profiles (rounded, rectangular, beveled, wedge-shaped) and textures (corrugated, rough, smooth, chipped), as well as colors (from white-yellow to terracotta), which allows you to implement various innovative architectural fantasies. If a masonry variant with a mineral-fiber heat-saving layer is being designed, the main working steps for the construction of a multi-layer wall are:
Slab concrete foundation with monolithic concrete strip
The slab foundation is carried out over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe structure in the form of a solid reinforced concrete slab and can be in an unburied or buried form. When deepening monolithic slab acts as a base on which the side walls of the foundation are erected, which form the basement tier. At high level groundwater, the perimeter parts of the foundation should be arranged in the form of an inextricable reinforced concrete tape, using waterproof measures: gluing, coating, impregnation. The above-ground foundation slab is used in low-rise housing construction, on weak soils: peat bogs, recultivated, bulk, as well as in shallow groundwater. This foundation is appropriate for the construction of summer cottages that do not contain a high basement part of the foundation and cellar. In a situation where a monolithic slab is laid above the freezing level of the ground, while the upper side of the foundation slab is used as the base for the floor of the residential area, there is a need for thermal protection of the soil under the foundation slab and under the blind area. The optimal solution is considered to be the installation of a layer of extruded foam (such as: Styrodur, Primaplex, Ursa XPS, Teplex, Styrofoam, Technoplex, Polispen, Penoplex), because other heat-insulating agents: expanded clay granules, granular foam, basalt fiber - in a short time gain water , which leads to a rapid decrease in their thermal resistance in wet soil. Standard manufacturing sequence slab foundation with vertical walls in the form of a continuous concrete perimeter:
Beam-wood floor
In individual construction, wooden-beam floors are mainly popular, because of the cheapness and convenience of their implementation. For beam ceiling lumber has been used for a long time conifers(larches, pines, spruces), with a volumetric moisture content of less than 14 percent. In terms of bending resistance, the most durable beam is a crossbar with a cross-sectional proportion of 7: 5 (for example, 0.14x0.10 m). When planning a wood-beam floor, you should use special diagrams that take into account the dependence of the dimensions of the beam structure on the load and the distance between load-bearing structures; it is also permissible to build on the simplified rule that the width of the beam should be at least 0.042 of the width of the room, and the thickness - 5 ÷ 10 cm, with intervals of alternating beam beams of 500 - 1000 mm and a load of 150 kgf / m². For a suitable replacement of beams of a given size, it is permissible to use hammered boards, while leaving the overall cross section unchanged. Characteristic nuances of installing a beam-wooden floor:
The covering of the last floor is insulated with the installation of a vapor-proof film under the insulation, the interfloor overlap does not need to be insulated, and the floor of the first floor is thermally insulated with the installation of a vapor barrier layer above the insulation. If the problem of the structural strength of wood-beam interlevel floors, as a rule, is settled by simply increasing the height of the beams and their number, then with fire protection and with acoustic protection, the situation looks more complicated. One of the options for improving the acoustic and fire performance of wood-beam interfloor floors consists of the following steps:
Metal-profiled roof
Compared to a metal tile roof, the main advantages of a corrugated roof are expressed in affordable cost and ease of construction. Profiled material - these are sheets of profiled iron with a polyester color coating, meander-shaped, which are offered under brands such as C-21, H60, H57, B-45, HC44, H44, HC18, MP-35, HC35, where the numbers indicate the height of the profile . To decorate the roof, profiled flooring with a wave height of at least 18 mm is used to create the necessary rigidity and save on sheathing beams. The recommended slope of the roof is more than 8 degrees. The roof covering is installed on strong frame, made of rafter legs and board lathing. During the construction of private buildings, a 2.3-span scheme is usually designed with medium load-bearing walls and inclined rafters. The heels of the rafters are installed on the Mauerlat with a section of 100x100 ... 150x150 mm; the distance between rafter legs usually selected in the range of 600 ... 900 mm with a cross section of rafters 50x150 ... 100x150 mm.
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