The most unpretentious, beautiful and rare primroses. Indoor primrose flowers: photo, home care

Seed germination after harvest may drop. Winter storage at room temperature will reduce the likelihood of germination by 60%. If you store them for less than a month, the seeds will be divided according to the energy of germination, and this will lead to big expenses. That is why it is worth sowing them in the ground after harvesting.

In February, sowing is carried out in a heated greenhouse. All grow well on a substrate of rotted bedding, sand and turf. Seeds should be sown on the surface at a distance of 1 cm from each other. During germination, the temperature should be 17 degrees.

If sowing is done in the fall, then the seeds will begin to grow in the 4th month. Primrose and primrose seeds can grow with daylight, and primroses - in complete darkness.

The dive of seedlings is carried out in the phase of the appearance of leaves. If a weather are suitable, sowing can be carried out immediately. plan very carefully - you need to leave space between rosettes of leaves.

Seedlings germinate at the onset of the growing season. For the winter they are covered with leaves. We wrote about how to prepare a primrose for winter, and from you will learn how to care for a plant in the fall.

Important! Primrose flowering is expected in the third year of life. AT harsh winters young bushes freeze or rot. To keep them, you need to update the insurance fund every week.

For more information about the methods of reproduction of primrose and other features of growing a flower, read in.

Soil and fertilizer

The soil for such a crop should be light, breathable, with good drainage. A good choice would be clay soil, however, care must be taken to ensure that it is not heavy. Acidity should be weak or neutral.

Top dressing is done every 2 weeks, adding liquid fertilizer. Since the plant is very sensitive to the salt content in the soil, the fertilizer is diluted twice as much as indicated by the manufacturer.

Watering and humidity

The requirements for watering room primrose are similar to those that apply to plants bred in open ground. The land in which the flower is grown must be moist and loose. It is important to carefully monitor the condition of the soil during flowering. Excess or lack of water is bad for the duration of such a process. When flowering ends, watering should be reduced. Do not allow excessive drying of the soil.

Water requirements for watering primrose are:

She must be reserved.
You can use melt or rain water. Some growers use this option and are satisfied with the result. It is important to bring the watering temperature to room temperature.
Do not use tap liquid, and if there is no other way, it is better to boil it.
Can be watered with distilled water.

Flowering occurs in early spring. It is important to create optimal level humidity for the plant:

Install a humidifier in the room. The grower will need to adhere to the regime and the humidity level will be at the required level.
Maintain humidity levels simple method- place a saucer of water next to the plant or throw a damp cloth over the battery.
You can put the pot on a pallet, and place expanded clay, moss and sand in the container. It will only be necessary to periodically water the water to maintain the desired level of humidity.

Temperature

Pests and possible diseases

Primrose is a hardy plant, but it can also be affected by diseases. Among the most common are the following:

powdery mildew. On the upper part of the leaves appear yellow or brown spots. It resembles the spores of a fungus. The development of the disease occurs when high humidity and moderate temperature. The infection persists in the affected areas.
Gray rot. Affected areas - flowers, peduncles or leaves. They can be covered with a fluffy coating. The disease manifests itself in cold weather. The infection can be spread by rainwater or ants.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it is worth noting that the cultivation of primrose from seeds - The best decision for experienced gardeners. This beautiful flower will please the eye throughout years. Now you know everything about primrose, including when to sow it.

Primula, or rams, is everyone's favorite delicate primroses, personifying the arrival of spring. Gardeners love primroses for bright early flowering, varied flower colors, unpretentiousness, ease of cultivation and vegetative propagation. perennial primrose they easily tolerate transplantation and quickly take root during the spring division of the bush, even in a flowering state and with small divisions. Species and varietal primroses can be grown by sowing seeds in the fall in the garden, as well as sowing seedlings at the end of winter and spring. The natural stratification of primrose seeds by cold when sown before winter increases the likelihood of their germination.

There are many types and hybrids of primroses, differing among themselves in the height of plants, the location of flowers on the peduncle, the size of the leaves, the diameter and color of the flowers, and the flowering time.
Among the abundance various kinds primroses, each of which is good in its own way, perennial stemless terry primroses stand out.

Given culture appeared relatively recently and differs from other primroses in its high decorativeness and duration of flowering. Equal to her in beauty, in saturation of color and doubleness of flowers, in decorativeness of leaves cannot be found!
There are no competitors to stemless terry primroses in terms of flowering duration - they are able to bloom for three or even four months per season! Blooming shot terry primrose I made it in my garden at the beginning of October, but it still blooms to this day (beginning of November 2007) and will continue to bloom until significant frosts come down to -7 degrees. Here is such a miracle in the selection of primroses created by German flower growers!

The terry stemless primrose has a lot of undoubted “pluses”, but there are also “minuses” - not in every garden and not in every place this plant develops well and blooms. Does not like terry primrose sunny place and dense poor earth, it is also sensitive to drought. In order to avoid overdrying of the soil, it is advisable to mulch the primrose bushes in the spring for better moisture conservation.

Terry stemless primroses during the period of growth and flowering like to drink plenty of water, therefore, in hot weather I do not spare water and time for watering for them. But in the cold season, squat bushes of terry primroses should not be watered, as their lower leaves begin to rot due to poor ventilation.

I tested terry primroses for endurance and got the following results: those primroses that grew on open sun and on poor soil, they bloomed less long and not so profusely, their flowers were much smaller and dull in color. That bed with terry primroses, which was located in partial shade, on fertilized and loose soil, differed much more favorably from another bed - in a sunny location.

Growing in favorable conditions terry stemless primroses appear in all their glory. Their leathery leaves grow large and structural, with a beautiful pattern, rich dark green color, and velvety flowers are elegant and bright, with a brilliant sheen. The diameter of terry primrose flowers reaches 3-4 cm, and in terms of doubleness these flowers are very similar to spray roses (these are new roses with a miniature bush, upright, blooming from spring until the onset of severe autumn cold).

For continuous flowering fading flowers of terry primroses need to be removed in time.

Terry stemless primroses are more difficult to breed with seeds than other species.
Terry primrose seeds are much more expensive, and there are only 5 pieces in the package (while some seeds may not sprout).
And yet, the bewitching beauty of long-blooming terry primroses significantly covers all the moral and material costs of flower growers!

Stock up on these seeds. wonderful plants now, in the fall, because I advise you to sow terry primroses as early as possible.
I sow terry stemless primroses twice: in winter and spring (in February and in May).
Prepare loose fertile land for sowing terry primroses.
Deepen the seeds by 1-2 mm, after planting the seeds, compact the soil a little and gently moisten it without washing away the ground.

Please note that seedlings of terry primrose seeds appear after 1.5-2 months, and not as quickly as it is written on the purchased package of seeds.
Seedlings of terry primrose develop very slowly, seedlings grow for a long time. If you plant the seeds of terry primroses in February, then some stronger plants will bloom only by the autumn of that year, and the rest of the seedlings will bloom only next year. Primrose seeds sown in May will sprout faster than those sown in February, but these primroses will please flowering only next year.
These features of the development of terry primroses should be taken into account - patiently wait for germination and carefully look after the seedlings.
I dive seedlings of terry primrose according to the scheme 15x15cm, I plant the grown bushes in the garden on permanent place.

In a year, a plant grown from seeds will have a marketable appearance and all that extraordinary beauty that breeders gave to terry stemless primroses.

primrose bush with double flowers looks like an elegant exquisite bouquet in a close environment of leaves. This plant is especially desirable in the late autumn garden.

I wish all flower growers success in sowing and growing terry primrose!

Petr Samsonovich Kiselev (Istra)
... .

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Primroses are very plastic and easily adapt to different conditions our dachas. Having analyzed all the above species according to, we singled out the most unpretentious to growing conditions, as well as those that love water and are indifferent to it.

It was much more difficult to choose among the first beauties and find rare species, but we did it.

The most beautiful primroses

First of all, these are modern large-flowered primroses hybrid origin. There are already so many of them that they can satisfy the most diverse preferences of summer residents. Ranked today the most beautiful flowers there are primroses with unusual colors, interesting shapes of flowers, petals and terry varieties. Among them is the green beauty, the star of European fashion - hybrid primrose ‘Francesca’.

Primrose hybrid ‘Francesca’. Svetlana's photo

Green auricles (Primula auricula) are very spectacular.

Primula auricula from the Show group. On the left is a photo from the site dachanaladoni.ru, on the right - polza-p.ru

Luxurious terracotta auricle with a yellow eye, growing at the user of the Rosemary website ().

Primula auricula, photo.

Beautiful variety ‘Chic in Yellow’.

Primula ‘Chic in Yellow’. Photo from ourflovers.mirtesen.ru

Effectively it will look with a contrast purple variety‘Chic in Blue’.

Primula ‘Chic in Blue’. Photo from ourflovers.mirtesen.ru

Among the primroses of pastel colors, the variety of primrose polyanthus ‘Desert Sunset’ is luxurious.

Primrose polyanthus ‘Desert Sunset’

Red primroses are especially spectacular in flower beds. Meet one of the varieties of polyanthus primroses of the Ramona series.

Primula polyanthus, Ramona series

And this is a rare variety of the Gold Lace Scarlet series.

Primula, a rare variety of the Gold Lace Scarlet series

Terry primroses are amazing. The site user retains the varieties ‘Rosanna White’ and ‘Rosanna Apricot’.

Primrose ‘Rosanna White’ and ‘Rosanna Apricot’. A photo

Presentation of the most beautiful varieties primroses can be continued indefinitely. All of them are so different and interesting in their own way that we will talk about them more than once on the site, admire their beauty captured in photographs. And I am sure that for each of us, primroses growing on own dacha, will be the best of the best, the most beautiful of the beautiful.

The most unpretentious primroses

Among them, in the first place is the common primrose (with a string garden forms, hybrids, varieties of the most diverse color of flowers: white, pink, yellow, red, lilac, dark blue), then p. small and p. jagged.

Common primrose, or common primrose, stemless

Common primrose, or stemless (P. vulgaris, syn. P. acaulis) comes from Southern and Central Europe; found in southern regions European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, in the Crimea.

This is a rosette evergreen (or semi-evergreen) perennial up to 20 cm high and up to 35 cm wide. The leaves are lanceolate, up to 25 cm long. The flowers are light yellow (rarely white), with a purple eye, solitary (rarely 2), 2-4 in diameter. cm, petals are wide, divided into 2 lobes, peduncles 6-20 cm high.

During the flowering period, the leaves are not visible, the plant is a "blooming bump". We (in the Crimea) bloom early: from February. Sometimes repeated flowering is observed in September. Cultivation group 2.

Some botanists believe that the common primrose is a composite species, often with pink-raspberry flowers. It grows everywhere in forests, old parks; in culture lives no more than 2 years. AT natural conditions it is also short-lived and migrates. In central Russia and a little to the north, the small primrose is quite stable.

Small primrose, or small primrose

Small primrose (Primula minima) - originally from the Alps, the Balkans, still rare in culture, a dwarf evergreen perennial 7 cm high and up to 20 cm wide, leaves 3 cm long. Flowers bloom in late spring, in May-June. Culture group 2 or 4; withstands temperatures down to -29°C in winter.

Primula is small. Photo courtesy summitpost.org

This type of primrose is not easy to care for: it requires slightly acidic soils with an admixture, river sand, broken brick. Ideal places for growing - vertical gaps between stones, holes in; shade-tolerant, moisture-loving.

Primrose toothed, or finely toothed

Primula toothed, or finely toothed, "drum stick" (Primula denticulata, syn. P. elata) is a strong rosette deciduous perennial.

Primula dentate, photo by Tatiana

Leaves up to 25 cm long. Flowers (white, pink, lilac) are tubular, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in a dense spherical umbrella; bloom from mid-spring to summer. Cultivation group 1 or 2.

Rare in the culture of primrose

This is the primrose cortusoid, which we have already talked about, as well as p. Voronova, p. Vialya and others.

Primula Voronova

Primula Voronova (Primula woronowii) comes from the Western and Eastern Caucasus. Leaves petiolate, obovate, notched-toothed along the edge. Top leaf blade covered with fine hairs, the underside densely pubescent, especially along the veins.

Primula Voronova. Photo from websad.ru

The flowers are light lilac, 3 cm in diameter, solitary, on thin densely hairy pedicels 5-6 cm high, the petals are obovate cordate, with small yellow spots at the base; bloom from the second half of April, within 25-30 days. Prefers semi-shady summer cottages with drained soils; in lighted areas, flowering is not so plentiful.

Primula Vialya, or Primrose Vialya

Primula Vialya, or orchid primrose (Primula vialii) is a rosette deciduous perennial, often behaving like an annual. Capricious extravagant beauty hails from the mountainous regions of China.

Primula Viala. Photo from penprimulas.com

Its parameters are: height 30-60 cm, width up to 30 cm. Leaves up to 30 cm long. Flowers are tubular, blue-violet (before blooming, it is even brighter, thanks to red cups), 1 cm in diameter, collected in a spike-shaped inflorescence up to 15 cm; bloom in summer. Cultivation group 2. Winters with shelter.

Rare primroses

A real rarity for wet places in rockeries will be deciduous primrose, which seems to be covered with patina.

Primula deciduous, or deciduous primrose

Deciduous primrose (Primula frondosa) is a rosette deciduous perennial native to Bulgaria, 15 cm high, 25 cm wide.

Primula leafy. Photo from penprimulas.com

Leaves up to 10 cm long are light green, with a white bloom. Flowers (light pink, red-purple) up to 1.5 cm in diameter, collected in elegant umbrellas up to 30 pieces; bloom in late spring - early summer (in the south in February-March). Cultivation group 2 or 4.

Among the primroses, the Gold Laced high primrose variety, which is more than 200 years old, can be considered a real antique! The varieties included in it were especially popular in early XIX in. Today they are back at their zenith.

Primrose of the famous Gold Laced series. Photo from commons.wikimedia.org

What is most interesting: they still use the criteria established by the American National Primrose Society in 1843 when evaluating them!

It is interesting
As early as the beginning of the 19th century, they were valued dutch varieties primroses with velvety flowers and English "mealy", which were so named because their stems, leaves and flowers were covered with a delicate powdery coating.

Primula ‘Russian Mother of Pearl’ has become a real favorite among the old varieties. The name of the variety reflects its uniqueness - the ability to change color as it blooms from pink, lilac to almost white. In conditions middle lane Russian variety is winter-hardy.

Primula Russian Mother of Pearl. Left close-up, photo from photoshare.ru, on the right general form, photo from poli-sad.nethouse.ru

In the conditions of central Russia, the variety is winter-hardy.

The most moisture-loving primroses

Some primroses are so fond of water that they prefer to settle directly next to it.

On the left, Florinda primrose by the pond, photo from gardeningattheedg.com. On the right is a Sikkimese primrose by the water, photo from plant-world-seeds.co

The pink primrose, P. Florinda, P. Sikkimes and their varieties mentioned above are true fans of wet marshy places.

The most drought-resistant primroses

Primroses have great ecological plasticity: in addition to real lovers of moisture, there are real drought-resistant ascetics among them - the high primrose is considered the most hardy. The Japanese primrose, which we talked about above, is quite tolerant of water.

Primula high, or high primrose

Primula high (Primula elatior) - very variable (changeable) rosette evergreen (or semi-evergreen) perennial 30 cm high and 25 cm wide. Originally from Southern and Central Europe; in nature, it can be found in Turkey, the mountains of Altai, Siberia. The species itself is rare in culture, and its numerous hybrids and varieties are grown.

Primrose high. Photo from ajpgrowers.co.uk

The leaves are medium-sized, wrinkled, elliptical in shape, 5-20 cm long. The edge of the leaf blade is finely serrated, the base sharply narrows into a winged petiole. Flowers (light yellow, with more dark spot at the base of the petals) up to 2 cm in diameter, with a delicate aroma, collected 5-15 in an umbellate inflorescence, peduncle 10-35 cm high; bloom from late April to June. This species gave many hybrids (with p. spring and p. ordinary) with a variety of flower colors: white, yellow, pink, red, purple. Cultivation group 1 or 2. Cut inflorescences stand in water for a long time.

So my third story about primroses has come to an end. The preparation of the material took quite a long time, which I did not regret for a minute - it was a kind of immersion in beautiful world, which gave me a month of joy of their knowledge.

Primrose terry Rosanna
Primroses are fairly easy to grow from seed. You need to know only some features of the germination of primrose seeds. The surface of the wet earth in the pot must be leveled and compacted. Scatter primrose seeds over the surface of the earth. Cover the crops with film or glass and put the seed pot on stratification - in the refrigerator for a month, periodically checking the moisture content of the earth. At the same time, periodically ventilate the crops and shake off the condensate that forms on the film. After a month, take the pot of primrose seeds out of the refrigerator and put it in a warm, bright place, out of direct sunlight. Soon primrose shoots will begin to appear. No need to rush and remove the film from the crops. It is necessary to ventilate the crops and prevent condensation from accumulating. When the small primroses get stronger, forming a rosette of several leaves, only then can the film be removed and the plants transplanted to a permanent place - preferably in the shade and partial shade.

Stock up on the seeds of these wonderful plants now, in the fall, because I advise you to sow terry primroses as early as possible.
I sow terry stemless primroses twice: in winter and spring (in February and in May).
Prepare loose fertile land for sowing terry primroses.
Deepen the seeds by 1-2 mm, after planting the seeds, compact the soil a little and gently moisten it without washing away the ground.

In a year, a plant grown from seeds will have a marketable appearance and all the extraordinary beauty that breeders gave to terry stemless primroses.

A primrose bush with double flowers looks like an elegant exquisite bouquet in a close environment of leaves. This plant is especially desirable in the late autumn garden.

To learn how to grow a primrose from seeds, you must initially remember all the first and main stages of germination. One or two days, let them lie on a light windowsill, then place them on the surface of slightly damp soil, wrap in a plastic bag and place in the refrigerator. If a long time if you can’t germinate, place the seeds for a couple of days in the freezer at a temperature of almost minus ten degrees. Also, do not forget about moistening the soil in the bag, therefore, you need to look inside in time. After about ten days, the first sprouts should hatch. You should not worry too much if not all of them germinate at once (sometimes the seeds are hollow or just with a slightly delayed effect). After about 2 - 3 weeks, our seedlings can already be put on the windowsill, but not under direct Sun rays(in the shaded part). When the very first two leaves appear, the plants should be picked.

Next, the seedlings need to be gradually accustomed to the open air. To do this, they open the package in the shade, after another ten days, the polyethylene can be completely removed. To avoid direct contact sunlight, seedlings are best placed in a cool place with east side premises. After that, it should be watered a little in small doses (you can use a pipette or a spoon), and under a small stalk, pour quite a bit of a special mixture bought in a store. Feed should be no more than once a week, adding fertilizer in small doses. If early warming has already come, then you should take care of the correct location of the sprouts: during the day you can take them out to the balcony and leave them inside at night.

Our seedlings should be transplanted only after complete disappearance frost threats in specially prepared ground.

The very first bright spring Flower This is a perennial garden primrose. It is they who open the flower season in the garden.

Primrose perennial and its hybrids - undersized plants only 10 cm high, having bright colors colors. They bloom as soon as the snow melts in April - May, and are considered the first spring flowers.

Primrose growing from seeds at home

It is believed that it is difficult to grow primroses from seeds. Therefore, most often they buy new plants in pots or divide old ones. And, despite this opinion, we will share the way how primrose is grown from seeds at home.

In order for these perennial flowers to bloom early and abundantly, you need to prepare for their planting. late autumn or early winter. Years of experience says that fresh flower seeds that have undergone stratification germinate best. It is difficult to find such seeds in stores. Most often, last year's seeds are available, which germinate worse than fresh ones. However, you can always collect the flower seeds you like and stratify at home.

How to stratify flower seeds at home

cook Plastic container from under the cake - cut holes in the bottom to drain excess water;
In late autumn, fill the container with fertile, garden soil;
The soil should be loose and moist;
Spread primrose seeds on prepared soil at a distance of 1-1.5 cm;
Slightly crush the landing, but do not cover it with earth;
Moisten with a spray bottle;
Close the lid.

The container with flower seeds prepared in this way must be buried in the garden so that the soil level in the container and the flower bed are equal. Thus, seed stratification garden primroses will take place in the most favorable and natural conditions.

In the spring, when the snow begins to melt, the lid must be opened, but the container itself must not be dug out. Water constantly so that the ground is always slightly moist, otherwise the primrose seeds may shed their shell and not germinate.

When the seedlings grow to a height of 1 cm, they dive into a shaded place. They grow new primroses in a light shade (these are shade-loving flowers), and in the fall they can already be transplanted to a permanent place.

How to grow primrose from seeds

At home, it is possible to plant primrose for seedlings with seeds. As a rule, new varieties are grown this way. Primrose should be planted for seedlings earlier than it is written on the bag of seeds. Here step by step recommendation how to plant primrose seeds:

Sowing primrose seeds is carried out in early January.
Fill any planting container with soil.
Spread primrose seeds on the surface of the nutrient soil.
Lay snow on top with a layer of 1-2 cm. When the snow melts, it will pull the flower seeds into the ground to the desired depth.
Cover the planting container with a transparent lid.
Place the planting container in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf for stratification.
This method of stratification lasts about 2 - 3 weeks.
Take out seedlings of primroses and transfer them to a bright, cool place where the temperature is kept at 12-15 °.
Moisten the soil regularly, it should not dry out.

Advice.

If after two weeks no green sprouts are visible in the planting container, then you can put it back in the refrigerator for a couple of weeks. You can repeat such actions several times, because, unfortunately, primrose grows very slowly from seeds.

But already at the end of April - May, the resulting young flower seedlings can be transplanted into shady corner in the garden in open ground, and in the fall - to a permanent place.

Primrose planting and care in the open field

Primrose and terry primrose wakes up very early in spring, so the first mineral supplement can be carried out on a crust of ice.

When will it come warm weather, loosen with a garden shovel loosen the ground around the primroses, sprinkle a little fertile soil on bare flower roots, remove last year's old leaves.

During the same period, it is necessary to water the plants warm solution gummate, and after a week and a half feed with superphosphate.

After the plant has flowered, apply organic fertilizers from a mullein solution. Primrose flower buds begin to form next year, and the plant needs the strength to grow and develop.

It is this simple care that leads to lush and double flowering.

An important feature is that the primrose is moisture-loving, but does not like stagnation. melt water in the roots. From this, it can rot and die, so for planting primroses in open ground, you need to choose rich in humus and preferably shady place. This is beautiful flower for shady places.

Unusual flowers - ear primroses

Ear primroses, or auricles (Auricula) - an extensive group of garden forms and varieties of the genus Primula (Primula). wild species, which became the basis for breeding, - ear primrose (P. auricula) from Central and Southern Europe.
These are low plants with thick rhizomes and fleshy leathery leaves. Peduncles and flowers are covered with a white powdery coating. Petals are pink, lilac, purple, yellow, often with a light eye.

Auricles are especially loved in England, where they are collection plants since the 16th century. Over the past centuries, an incredible number of varieties and forms of ear primroses have been obtained in Britain: terry, variegated two-, three-flowered, iridescent mother-of-pearl, with exotically colored petals.
Auricula can be successfully grown in gardens and parks in central Russia. They are quite winter-hardy and unpretentious. Growing primrose ear requires a sunny or semi-shady location, loose, nutritious garden soil with good drainage.
In spring - early summer, watering is especially important with a lack of soil moisture. bloom ear primroses spring - early summer. They reproduce well by seeds, that is, the ear primrose is grown from seeds perfectly, while the flowers bloom for 2-3 years and vegetatively - in segments of the rhizome.

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