Hawthorn arnold groundwater. Large-fruited hawthorn - all methods of cultivation. Disembarkation to a permanent place

Hawthorn is one of my favorite trees that I remember from childhood. It grew in our yard, and my parents always warned me against sharp thorns that could pierce any sole, but during the flowering period, the bush looked very elegant, and also gave fruit for delicious tea. Later I learned that the variety of the plant was called Arnold's hawthorn - it is known to gardeners as an unpretentious, beautiful and useful inhabitant. personal plot. Today I want to talk about its features and cultivation rules.

The homeland of the plant is the eastern part of North America, where it lives in overgrown places in the lowlands of rivers. The tree grows tall, from 6 to 8 m, with a wide, rounded crown with a diameter of about 6 m, has thin and shiny shoots, as well as large spines - up to 9 cm long. The leaves of Arnold's hawthorn are oval and wide, divided into three lobes, and differ interesting feature- in different time years are different:

• in spring and summer - light green, bright;
• in autumn they turn yellow-red.

The tree blooms with large white flowers with a characteristic aroma that many find unpleasant. The active flowering time comes in late spring or early summer, after which large berries appear in place of the inflorescences (the fruits are larger than those of other varieties of hawthorn). The pulp is juicy, contains a large amount of vitamins and is suitable for any purpose - drying, freezing, preservation. Productivity - about 4-6 buckets of fruits from one adult plant.

How to plant

Caring for Arnold's hawthorn is very simple, but the planting process can be a little tricky. Tree cuttings take root weakly, so the seed propagation method is preferable, which takes time and patience. The seed has a hard shell, so without additional processing emerges only after 1.5-2 years. For normal growth and development, the plant needs the following conditions:

• sunny, open place is possible (hawthorn can grow in the shade, but it will be bad to bear fruit and bloom);
• optimal soil characteristics - sandy or loamy, with good drainage, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline reaction.

Otherwise, there are no special requirements for the planting site - it tolerates wind and frost well, and can grow on heavy and clay soils.

Sowing seeds

Seeds can be bought at the store or you can take out their unripe fruits, put them in water for two days, clean them well from the pulp and rinse. They retain their germination for 2 years, but not all seedlings germinate, so it is better to sow them thickly, and after germination, choose the strongest and strongest. Arnold's hawthorn can be planted in two ways - before winter or in spring, and the first option does not require additional measures, and in the second case, the seeds must be prepared in advance. Seeds are stratified in sand at a temperature of about 20-25 degrees for about 2 months, after which the temperature is reduced to 4-7 degrees and kept for another 4-6 months.

Reproduction by cuttings

Cuttings for planting hawthorn Arnold are cut from young shoots in early spring or in autumn, after the leaves fall. They are kept in a root-forming preparation for an hour, after which they are planted in open ground. Drainage should be poured into the planting pit, a mixture of humus, peat and sand, 30-40 g of lime or 50 g of phosphate rock should be added. Prepared cuttings are planted in a hole, covered with earth and well tamped - after the soil settles, the root collar should be flush with its surface. After planting, mulch the soil around with a 5-7 cm layer of peat.

It is better to cover the planted cuttings from above plastic bottle to create growth-friendly greenhouse conditions. In the first year, young plants develop poorly, but with proper care and favorable conditions, they grow well - 25-30 cm per year.

Caring for Arnold's hawthorn

Arnold's hawthorn has a feature that the gardener needs to remember about - unlike other varieties of the crop, it needs to be watered even with normal rainfall. Watering frequency - once a month, 1-1.5 buckets of water for each bush, and on dry days, plants need to be watered twice a month.

The earth around the tree should be regularly loosened by about 10 cm, weeds should be removed, and in spring and autumn, the trunk circle should be dug up onto a shovel bayonet. A crust should not form on the surface of the soil, but it is also not worth over-moistening the soil, otherwise the hawthorn will hurt.

The plant responds well to pruning - in the spring you need to remove all dry, frozen and diseased branches. In addition, it can be given the desired shape by cutting off no more than 1/3 of the length of the shoot. You need to feed Arnold's hawthorn at least twice a season - in the spring with long-acting granular mixtures, and before the appearance of flowers - with organic fertilizers (liquid mullein).

Trees tolerate well. low temperatures, but in the first 2-3 years it is recommended to cover them from frost. With age, the winter hardiness of the culture increases, and the hawthorn will not need shelter. At the first signs of disease and pest damage, the plant must be treated with special preparations, otherwise it may die.

Let's summarize

1. Arnold's hawthorn is a beautiful plant with tasty and healthy fruits that will decorate any personal plot.
2. Shrubs should be planted in sunny places away from fruit trees, especially apple trees, as they suffer from the same diseases.
3. Arnold's hawthorn does not require special care, but, unlike other varieties of culture, it needs to be watered 1-2 times a month, depending on the amount of precipitation.
4. Most difficult period in growing a plant - planting and the first year of growth, but in the future it will not cause much trouble to the gardener.

Common hawthorn - a description of what it looks like, a tree or shrub, planting and care

Hawthorn planting and care transplant reproduction tinctures and decoction

Hawthorn - is a shrub or small tree with spines, belonging to the Rosaceae family. It blooms at the beginning of summer (May, June) with pink or white flowers that emit bad smell, and red fruits (ripe in August, September) are oval or spherical in shape and have a sweetish, slightly astringent taste.

Varieties and types of hawthorn

Chinese hawthorn (pinnatifid) - main hallmark of this species is considered the complete absence of spines. Top part the leaf has a light green color, an oblong shape with a pointed end, and the lower part is a lighter color.

Reaches six meters in height, young shoots have no bark at all (“naked”), while the trunk and old branches have gray cracked bark.

Inflorescences up to 8 cm in diameter have about twenty small white flowers, which over time (by the end of the flowering period) acquire a pink hue.

Bright red, with a shiny surface, the fruits are round or oval in shape (about 15 cm).

Hawthorn softish- trees and shrubs of this species are quite frost-resistant. The tree reaches eight meters in height. The lush dark green crown (covered with a felt coating) forms a rather symmetrical spherical shape. Spines thin, straight (sometimes curved), slightly soft, brown, up to 9 cm long.

The oval leaves have a truncated base and at least three pairs of wedge-shaped lobes. Flowers (2-3 cm in diameter), collected in inflorescences of 12-15 pcs. Fruits (about 2 cm long) are painted in dark orange colors with few white dots.

Maksimovich's hawthorn

Named after the Russian botanist Karl Ivanovich Maksimovich. In height, this type of hawthorn rises to 7 meters. The trunk and old branches acquire over time grey colour bark, and in the beginning, young shoots are completely devoid of bark, they are smooth. Thorns on this tree are either very rare or absent altogether.

The fruits are small, not more than 1 cm, round. At first, there are villi on the surface of the fruit, when it ripens, it becomes smooth, shiny.

Hawthorn 'Paul Scarlet'- shrub or tree (3-4 m tall), has a wide, dense and asymmetrical crown. During the year, the hawthorn stretches to a height of approximately 25 cm.

This species is the most prickly. The branches of shrubs are densely strewn with sharp two-centimeter spikes.

In young shoots, the bark is covered with red-brown hairs, with time they become ash-red.

The leaves bloom in early spring and fall off very quickly. Fruits (1-1.2 cm long) of hawthorn are spherical or oval. This species rarely bears fruit. "Paul Scarlet" is considered decorative look hawthorn, it is planted because of beautiful flowers. Easily tolerates cutting and shaping.

Hawthorn "Arnold"

This is thorn bush, which has characteristic features that distinguish it from other representatives of this species, namely: thicker shoots, large spines (thorns 9 cm long), fruits have long whitish hairs at the tip.

The fruits ripen earlier than other varieties of hawthorn, but also fall off faster. If reproduction is carried out seed way, then flowering is observed only after 5-7 years, and if vaccinated, then after 3-4 years.

Plum-leaved hawthorn 'Spiendens' a feature of this hawthorn is the color of the foliage in yellow-red color in autumn period. In height it can reach 7 meters.

In adult trees, the side branches hang down, while the crown forms something like openwork patterns. Flowering occurs in May or June for two weeks.

In September, you can observe already fully ripened fruits that persist until December.

common hawthorn(also called: prickly hawthorn, blood red, lady-tree, boyar, glod, tree of virginity etc.) is a thorny shrub or tree 5-6 m in height. Inflorescences are dense with white flowers. Fruits are about 1 cm in diameter, red, round, bloom with the beginning of autumn.

Siberian hawthorn or blood red grows both in the form of a shrub and a tree. The spines of this species are rarely planted, about 4 cm long. It begins to bear fruit after seven years. The berries are round, blood red.

hawthorn- a feature is the presence of one ovary and, as a result, one bone in the fetus. In inflorescences can be up to 18 flowers. Spines are often completely absent. Some tree-like representatives of the single-piston hawthorn can rise to 17-19 m.

Hawthorn planting and care

The substrate is prepared in the following composition: sod land, leaf land and humus (3: 1: 1).

The root neck of the seedling should be at ground level. After planting, the plants must be watered abundantly (15-20 liters of water).

Drainage is added to the planting pit with a layer of 15 cm. It is better to plant the prepared plant in a sunny place, for good flowering and full ripening of the fruit.

Hawthorn is fertilized before flowering (in spring) with manure soot.

Watering is carried out once a month, but plentiful, so about 15 liters of water per plant, if the weather is too dry, then water several times a month, it all depends on how quickly the soil dries.

hawthorn transplant

Hawthorn can be transplanted no later than at the age of five, later there is a high risk of damage to the roots, since the root system is very long and branched, and it is almost impossible to dig such a plant completely. On the permanent place of residence, seedlings are planted no younger than two years of age.

pruning hawthorn

Care is timely pruning sick, dead and too long branches. Haircut is best done in the spring. You can use this plant as a hedge and give various forms by cutting. During harvesting, weeds are also removed and the earth is loosened. But when digging the soil, do not go deeper than 10-15 cm deep.

Harvesting hawthorn for the winter

For the preparation of medicines from hawthorn, not only fruits are used, as it might seem at first glance, but also flowers and bark. The period of late spring or early summer is suitable for collecting flowers and sunny, dry weather is selected. It is better to dry in a dry dark place.

The fruits are harvested in autumn, at this moment the foliage falls off, and the fruits are clearly visible, they must be ripe.

Then they must be dried in a heated, but not hot oven (overcooked fruits lose their medicinal properties). Then they are poured into bags and stored in a dry, dark place.

So they can be stored up to 7-8 years, while retaining their usefulness.

Hawthorn growing from seeds

This method is quite laborious, since the peel of the seeds is very thick and needs to be stratified (duration is about a year). They can also sprout for a long time (up to two years), and not all of them will sprout, because many seeds are empty.

Hawthorn seeds are collected not quite ripe and soaked for three days in water, then rubbed sandpaper or sand, then rinse. After that, they are placed in a one percent solution of potassium nitrate for two days.

Now they can be planted in a row in open ground (late autumn). The seedling will appear only in the second year, and when it reaches a height of 60-65 cm, it is cut off so that three buds remain above the root, and no more than two shoots.

Hawthorn propagation by root cuttings

Roots with a thickness of at least 2 cm are selected, cut into 10 cm segments and dug at a slight slope into the soil, while the thicker end should be on the surface at a level of 2 cm. Plant in a warm sheltered place (for example, a greenhouse). You can plant both in spring and autumn.

Diseases and pests

Plaque (mycelium with spores), a genus of fungus that causes powdery mildew . It usually appears in early summer. At the same time, the plaque darkens with time, dries up, and point fruiting bodies are formed in it.

With severe damage, drying of the leaves and the appearance of brown spots are observed, spots also appear on the bark, and the shoots are deformed and twisted.

• Treatment: the affected shoots are cut off, fallen leaves are collected, since the fungus remains in it and can infect the plant again. After the growth of new leaves, the hawthorn is sprayed with Vectra, soon, cumulus preparations. With a strong development of the disease, the procedure is repeated, but with an interval of two weeks.

ocher spotting- somewhere in the middle of summer, small leaves appear on the leaves brown spots without border. The leaves dry up and fall off prematurely.

• Treatment: collection of fallen leaves in autumn and spraying next spring and in the summer with a one percent Bordeaux mixture, copper oxychloride.

brown spotting numerous brown spots (up to 5-6 mm in diameter) on foliage with a border. Leaves begin to dry.

• Treatment

gray spotting numerous small gray spots with a dark border on the upper part of the foliage.

• Treatment: similarly as with ocher spotting.

white spotting may appear in the middle of summer in the form of dark brown rounded spots, with time a lightening of the core is observed, so by autumn the spots become white with a clearly defined border in the form of a ring. Affected leaves begin to turn brown, dry out and fall off.

• Treatment: similarly as with ocher spotting.

Hawthorn useful properties

Firstly, hawthorn contains fructose, so diabetics can also eat it, in addition, there is a wide variety of biologically active substances, vitamins, quite a lot of pectin, which is able to remove salts of heavy metals and others from the body. harmful substances.

The prepared decoction of the leaves improves coronary circulation and strengthens the work of the heart muscle. That is why the use of hawthorn, in most cases, is recommended for older people (if there are no contraindications from the attending physician), in whom the work of the heart is disturbed with age, caused by circulatory failure in the vessels of the heart.

Hawthorn is also useful for young people, in cases where the heart experiences excessive stress after suffering serious illnesses or prolonged stress.

The medicinal properties of hawthorn berries are used to treat the biliary tract and liver, in addition, the functions of the thyroid gland are normalized and, in some cases, there is relief from shortness of breath.

The extract from prickly hawthorn has an overwhelming effect on the herpes virus. A decoction of the bark of young hawthorn shoots helps with shortness of breath, menopause, dizziness, and diarrhea.

Hawthorn contraindications

There are no particularly strict contraindications, since hawthorn is not toxic, only in some cases it should be excluded, for example, with hypotension, bradycardia, if blood clotting is increased, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

hawthorn tincture

Most often, hawthorn is used in the form of tincture - this is perhaps the simplest medicine, but there is also a drawback - this is a short shelf life. Even in the refrigerator, the tincture is stored for no more than a day.

Therefore, it is prepared in portions, at one time. Another thing, alcohol tinctures, they are stored much longer. Alcohol tincture can be purchased at a pharmacy, or you can cook it yourself.

Fruit tincture prepared in the ratio of 25 g of berries per 100 g of medical alcohol (or vodka) and take 35-50 drops 3 times a day 15 minutes before meals.

Flower tincture prepare at the rate of one part of the flowers to two parts of alcohol, insist for two weeks and take 35-40 drops 3 times a day 15 minutes before meals.

Hawthorn decoction

hawthorn flower decoction recipe: pour one tablespoon of the dry mixture with one glass of boiling water, let it brew for half an hour, strain. Take half a glass three times a day before meals.

fruit decoction recipe: put one tablespoon of berries in a thermos, pour one glass of boiling water, leave for 2-3 hours, strain. Take 2-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day before meals.

Source: https://chvetochki.ru/boyaryshnik/

Popular varieties and types of hawthorn

Hawthorn - deciduous shrub with a long history, which belongs to the "Pink" family. It grows in mountains and forests in temperate climates.

The height of the tree reaches 5-8 m. This is a light-loving plant, hardy and unpretentious..

In this article we will talk about the most popular varieties this plant: Crimean, Chinese, plum-leaved and others.

Hawthorn is considered one of the most beautiful plants. It is often used in decorative purposes. It has about 100 varieties worldwide. In Russia, 15 species are known that take root and bloom excellently.

common hawthorn

The height of the shrub is 5 m. This type hawthorn is hardy and resistant to cold. Suitable for growing in the suburbs and central Russia. It has bright red berries and yellow flesh. Well takes root in rocky and clay areas. It makes beautiful hedges.

Siberian hawthorn

It is a shrub or tree that reaches 6 m in length. The spines are rare, but long - 4 cm. From the end of spring to the middle of summer, the Siberian hawthorn has white flowers. Its fruits are bright red and round.. From the moment it reaches 7 years old, it bears fruits that can be eaten.

semi-soft hawthorn

The semi-soft hawthorn has orange-red berries and yellow flesh.. It grows up to 8 m. The crowns are dense, covered with sharp thorns. Bears fruit from the age of 6. The fruits and leaves of the semi-soft hawthorn are extremely beautiful. Therefore, this type is used as decorative ornament garden, home.

green hawthorn

The flowers of the green-meat hawthorn are white and have dark stamens. Black fruits and green flesh have a pleasant taste.. The green-fleshed hawthorn, like many other species, has thorns. The chokeberry is common in Sakhalin and Kamchatka.

single-petal hawthorn

The bush of single-petal hawthorn has a dense crown. It grows rapidly and looks great as a hedge. This species is valued for its medicinal properties and decorative effect..

Among the many types of hawthorn, each person will find for himself the one that suits him.

Popular varieties

Varieties of hawthorn have differences in color, size, decorative features, fruiting. But all varieties are picky and resistant to cold and heat. They love the light, but can also grow on the shady side. Listed below are the most popular varieties of this plant.

Crimean

Crimean hawthorn

This is a small tree growing in the Crimea. It is not often possible to find this variety away from other shrubs. It prefers to grow next to deciduous shrubs.

Grows well on slopes and rocky terrain. People use the flowers of the Crimean hawthorn and ripe fruits for medicinal purposes.

They normalize the work of the cardiovascular system, and also fight nervous disorders.

Chinese

Chinese hawthorn large-fruited

This variety is called Chinese because it is common in China and Korea. But it can also be found in the Far East. Most often grows in forests near the river. The neighbors of the Chinese hawthorn are poplar, ash, walnut.

This variety of hawthorn is also considered light-loving. Can reach 6 m. A distinctive feature of the Chinese hawthorn is that it has no thorns.. Its leaves are bright green. They are covered with fine hairs. They have an acute upper angle.

The lower part of the leaves is painted in a lighter tone.

Paul Scarlet (decorative tree)

Hawthorn flowers Paul Scarlet

This variety is distinguished by its special beauty and decorative effect.. Has inflorescences in the form of an umbrella. Flowers hairy, large. The leaves are dark green. Grows up to 4 m. Hairy branches.

The crowns of Paul Scarlet are rounded. It has spines up to 1.8 cm. The leaves begin to bloom early. The process of leaf fall also begins early. Blooms in late spring and early summer. The fruits resemble an apple.

They are silver or red-brown in color.

Arnold's hawthorn in bloom

The variety grows well in Siberia, despite the harsh Siberian climate. Reaches 6 m in length. Has fruit orange color that can be eaten. Arnold's taste is sweet and sour, the fruits are juicy.

This variety appeared in America, but took root in Russia, in particular, in Siberia.. Known for its high content of vitamin C. Arnold gives a rich harvest.

Its fruits can be consumed both raw and processed.

plum-leaved

plum leaf hawthorn

The foliage of the plum-leaved hawthorn is variegated. The tree can reach 7 m in length. The branches are well branched, the crown is dense and asymmetric. Every year the crowns become denser.

AT summer time leaves turn dark green, and in autumn - bright orange or red. Lateral branches of the old plum-leaved hawthorn hang down a little. This variety bears a lot of fruit in early autumn, the fruits are bright red and round..

Plum-leaved hawthorn has strong, durable roots.

Each variety of hawthorn is unique in its own way and has a lot of advantages, including decorativeness, productivity, frost resistance.

Landing

For landing, it is necessary to prepare a place on sunny side, since hawthorn is a light-loving plant. It is very unpretentious to the soil, but some recommendations should still be taken into account.

The soil must be heavy, fertile, and water balance it should be normal. Water should not stagnate. This will limit the access of oxygen to the roots. Adding lime to the soil will make it soft and fertile.

Hawthorn is best planted in a sunny area.

Although the hawthorn is not capricious, it takes root well, nevertheless it reacts badly to drought and polluted air. You can plant hawthorn in spring and autumn. Enough holes with a depth of 40 cm, and a width of about 80 cm.

It is necessary to water the flowers abundantly after the planting process is completed. Cover the soil with humus, shorten the shoots.

Hawthorn reproduces with the help of seeds, layering, cuttings, dividing the bush. All of the above breeding methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. They allow to preserve the features of the hawthorn variety.

cuttings

Young shoots are suitable for cuttings. It is desirable to cut them at an angle of 45 degrees. It is necessary to plant in peat with sand using root and moistening the soil.

layering

Scheme of propagation of hawthorn by layering

Shoots at the age of 1-2 years are placed in the ground so that the top is free. The process of fixing the shoot is carried out using a metal bracket. The beginning of the layering must be pulled with wire. Reproduction by layering occurs in the spring months or early summer..

root cuttings

Root cuttings should be prepared in the fall. It is necessary to cut off parts of the old roots and dig in for the winter. You need to plant in the spring at an angle of 45 degrees. The thick part of the cutting should be completely immersed in the soil.

It is better to plant cuttings in a greenhouse, as they need to provide high humidity.

seed propagation - the hard way which takes a long time. The disadvantage of this type of reproduction is that it does not preserve the characteristics of the variety. The advantage of seed propagation is the possibility of obtaining a large number of seedlings.

hawthorn seeds

Birds help seedlings to multiply in the natural environment. The main condition for reproduction is the preservation of the distinctive features of the hawthorn variety.

Application of fruits and leaves

Since ancient times, hawthorn has been used in folk medicine, cosmetology, cooking and for decorative purposes. Hawthorn is not contraindicated in people suffering from diabetes. It removes harmful substances, salts from the body, cleansing it.

• Hawthorn is taken by the elderly to strengthen the work of cardio-vascular system , improve blood circulation.
• Preparations made with hawthorn extract, normalize blood pressure, strengthen the heart muscle.
• An important component of hawthorn is ursolic acid. She is dilates blood vessels, kills germs and viruses relieves inflammation.
• Hawthorn is useful people with urinary tract diseases.

Tinctures, decoctions of hawthorn are useful for heart defects, nervous disorders. Improves blood circulation infusion of blood-red hawthorn. It also strengthens the walls of blood vessels, stimulates the work of the heart.

You need to pour 3 tablespoons of dried hawthorn flowers with boiled water. For 1 spoon 1 glass of water. You need to insist 30 minutes, after which the infusion is filtered. Take it 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Compote, jam, fruit drinks are prepared from hawthorn. It is an excellent ingredient in many desserts.

Hawthorn is an amazing plant with a number of advantages and virtues.. If you follow the above recommendations, you can get a rich harvest and use it with maximum benefit.

Source: http://profermu.com/sad/kustarniki/boyaryshnik/sorta-b.html

Plum-leaved hawthorn: description, photo, reviews

Among ornamental fruits and shrubs hawthorn occupies a special place. Its fruits, leaves and flowers have always been used in folk medicine. Arnold's hawthorn is a large-fruited variety common in many regions.

History of variety breeding

This plant was bred in America, but it also feels great in Russia. The plant has a number of advantages for which Russian gardeners appreciate it. At the same time, the plant has not yet been included in the State Register of Varieties.

Description of hawthorn Arnold

This is woody plant which reaches 6 m in height. The fruits are large, 2–3 cm in diameter. The crown of the tree is up to 5 meters wide, wide, asymmetrical, transparent, there are zigzag branches. The spines of this variety reach 9 cm in length, which is much longer than most other varieties.

Fruit ripening occurs earlier, as does their fall. The fruits are large, the pulp is juicy, sweet and sour taste. Each fruit contains 3-4 seeds. Ripening occurs in September, and Arnold's hawthorn blooms in May.

The leaves of the tree are broad, egg-shaped, with serrated edges. In autumn, the foliage changes color from bright green to yellow or purplish yellow.

Variety characteristics

The main advantage of this variety is its unpretentiousness. In addition, Arnold's hawthorn is considered to be long-lived. His age reaches 120 years. The variety is used not only as single plantings, but also for hedges, as well as decorative group plantings.

Drought and frost resistance

The tree is drought tolerant and frost tolerant. As for watering, it is enough to water the shrub 2 times a month. In too dry summers, the frequency of watering can be increased up to three times.

And also the plant is frost-resistant, which allows it to be grown in almost all climatic zones. Warming for the winter is necessary only in northern regions where it stays for a long time subzero temperature below 40 degrees.

Yield and fruiting

The ripening of berries of this variety occurs in early September. The first yield occurs approximately 5 years after planting. An adult tree, with proper agricultural technology, produces 6 buckets of hawthorn fruits per season. Berries reach three cm in diameter and have several seeds.

Disease and pest resistance

Arnold's hawthorn requires protection from pests and diseases. The most common diseases that these plants are susceptible to:

1. Powdery mildew - is expressed in the appearance of a white or gray coating on the leaves. As a result, the leaves curl. For treatment, a double treatment with known fungicides is used.
2. Buffy spot is a common disease that leads to early drying and leaf drop.
3. Brown spot - also destroys the leaves.

When the first symptoms of any disease appear, the plant must be treated with a fungicide.

Of the pests for Arnold's hawthorn, the most dangerous are: aphids, scale insects, leafworms and hawthorn.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Arnold's hawthorn is noticeable with its chic crown. This tree can reach a height of 6 meters. In addition, it has a number of other advantages:

• larger fruits;
• unpretentious in care;
• long-liver;
• several ways of reproduction;
• resistant to frost and drought;
• suitable for use in landscape design.

But the large-fruited variety also has its drawbacks:

• long spikes up to 9 cm;
• susceptible to many diseases;
• first harvest only after 5 years.

Planting and caring for Arnold's hawthorn

In order for an American hawthorn tree to grow for more than 120 years, while bearing fruit with high quality, it is imperative to follow the basic rules of agricultural technology.

Caring for Arnold's hawthorn does not seem difficult, but there are nuances that must be taken into account.

Then a beautiful, sprawling tree with large fruits will stand on the site for decades.

You can plant hawthorn seedlings in spring and autumn. autumn planting considered more acceptable. In autumn, planting dates are calculated so that the seedling has time to take root before frost. The best option- plant during leaf fall.

Selecting a suitable site and soil preparation

When choosing a place, it should be borne in mind that Arnold's hawthorn loves sunny areas, and in the shade it bears fruit and blooms worse.

It is necessary to plant a seedling in the following mixture:

• 2 parts of sod land;
• 2 parts of humus;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand.

And also 40 g of lime must be added to the planting pit. In general, it is best to check the acidity of the soil. It should be at 8 pH.

At the bottom of the pit, a drainage layer is needed, which consists of crushed stone and river sand. Both components in equal quantities in a layer of 10 cm.

The hole should be of such a diameter that the root system of the seedling fits and is free.

What crops can and cannot be planted nearby

It is important to properly plant a tree on the site, taking into account the neighborhood of other plants. In this case, you can both increase fruiting and improve the condition of the tree, and vice versa.

You can’t plant next to the hawthorn: apple, pear, plum, cherry, and others fruit crops that have common pests.

Excellent for the neighborhood with Arnold's hawthorn, other varieties of hawthorn, its hybrid varieties, as well as dogwood and other berry crops.

Selection and preparation of planting material

Arnold's common hawthorn is planted using seedlings. You can do this with seeds, but they will grow and develop longer, and fruiting will come later. Two-year-old seedlings with a healthy root system are suitable for planting. If the hawthorn has side shoots, they should be cut before planting.

Landing algorithm

Arnold's hawthorn is planted in landing pits at a distance of 2 m from each other. The seedling is placed in the center of the prepared pit and covered with earth. The soil must be compacted. The root neck should be flush with the ground.

After planting, be sure to pour at least a bucket of water under the seedling. After planting, remember that young trees require careful watering.

Aftercare

To hawthorn large-fruited Arnold grew and developed beautifully and pleased its owner with a rich harvest, it is important to properly care for it.

• Watering. Hawthorn should be watered once a month at the rate of 15 liters of water per tree. Younger plants need to be watered a little more often, especially in dry summers. If the summer is rainy enough, then watering is not required at all.
• Top dressing. To get a rich harvest, you need to take care of good feeding. Every spring it is supposed to make nitroammophoska. Before flowering, for feeding, a bucket of liquid mullein is brought under each tree.
• Pruning. Two types of pruning are performed: sanitary, as well as shaping. Sanitary pruning is carried out annually. Its goal is to remove all diseased, withered, as well as frozen branches. When forming pruning, do not cut more than 1/3 of the length of the shoot. If you cut off more, then the plant will not be able to bloom and bear fruit normally.
• Preparing for winter. The plant is considered frost-resistant, and therefore does not require special preparation. It is enough to mulch the root zone with straw or hay.

Diseases and pests, control methods and prevention

Hawthorn Arnold in the description of the variety indicates several diseases that the tree is susceptible to.

• Rust. If suspicious spots are found, diseased shoots must be cut off immediately to avoid the spread of infection.
• Powdery mildew - Spraying with modern fungicides is required.

In addition to diseases, hawthorn is susceptible to attack by pests. From them, as a preventive measure, it helps soap solution, as well as a tobacco solution, which is supposed to spray a tree a couple of times a season.

After flowering, you can spray the tree again if the infection is too strong.

Application in landscape design

Arnold's hawthorn in the photo and on the site looks very beautiful. This tree is used not only for obtaining delicious fruits, but also for decorating the local area.

It is used in landscape design both in single plantings and in group plantings. Hawthorn looks beautiful in rock gardens, as well as in curly structures.

Its crown can be formed in the form of a ball, pyramid, rectangle.

Conclusion

Hawthorn Arnold - american variety well-known useful berry, which has large quantity medicinal properties. Such a tree is suitable for use in landscape design.

The fruits are quite large, the yield of this variety is large.

It is important to correctly follow the rules of agricultural technology and water, feed and cut the plant in time, which can stand on the site for more than 120 years.

Reviews

Svetlana Vladimirovna, 42 years old, Tver

I got Arnold's hawthorn from my mother. It has been on our property since my childhood.

It never froze, it does not require much water, but I cut it every year, and a beautiful pyramid is obtained.

I collect 5 buckets of berries, from which I cook tasty and healthy jam, and also make Home wine. Care is minimal, it is only necessary to spray from pests.

Sergey, 50 years old, Saratov

Hawthorn Arnold planted on the site even at the birth of his first son. At first there were problems with the tree, there was an apple tree nearby, which infected my hawthorn with apple aphids. I had to uproot the apple tree.

Now there are no problems, but as a preventive measure I process aphids annually, in spring and before flowering. I water twice a month if it doesn't rain. When the summer is rainy, I do not water at all.

But the harvest has to be harvested only with gloves - long prickly spikes make themselves felt.

Arnold's hawthorn is a plant variety native to America, but it also feels great in Siberia. Many peoples call the hawthorn "thorn", because it is really one of its main parts. During flowering, the shrubs have a very beautiful decorative appearance. However, their main value lies elsewhere - the fruits contain a large amount of vitamins, which give the berries some medicinal properties.

plant description

Arnold hawthorn has some important differences from other varieties of this plant, namely:

• large crown sizes ornamental trees reach a height of 6 meters;
• large edible fruits reach three centimeters in diameter, have orange hues, the flesh is juicy, pinkish in color, does not differ in flouriness, sweet and sour in taste; each berry contains 3-4 seeds;
• rich chemical composition fruits - berries contain a large amount of vitamin C and carotene.

Trees bloom at the end of May, and berries ripen in the first half of September. Trees begin to produce crops about 5 years after planting. The harvest of fruits is usually quite high - an adult plant brings up to 6 buckets of large fruits. They can be eaten in fresh, and also make preparations for the winter from them - jam, wine, compotes, or brew them like tea.

It is important to remember that you can not eat too many hawthorn fruits - you can eat no more than 1 glass of berries at a time. Excessive consumption of hawthorn fruit can greatly reduce blood pressure and disrupt the heartbeat.

Arnold's hawthorn, like all other varieties of large-fruited hawthorn, has powerful long spines that reach a length of 9-10 cm.

Landing and care

Arnold's hawthorn can be safely called unpretentious plant. Only in rare cases can it be affected by fungal diseases - the leaves are covered with a touch of gray. This can happen if the plant was planted in a shady place with high level dampness.

If you plan to grow hawthorn from seeds, be prepared for the fact that the first few years it will grow very slowly, but after reaching the age of four or five, its growth rate becomes much faster. Trees begin to bloom for the first time only 5-8 years after planting. If you want to get a fruit-bearing tree in a shorter period of time, grow hawthorn by grafting. Such plants begin to bloom in 3-4 years.

Their maximum dimensions trees reach an age of approximately 25 years. Each tree is able to live for more than 200 years under favorable conditions.

To speed up the process of seed germination, seeds from semi-ripe fruits can be used. The berries should already begin to take on the color characteristic of ripening, but should still remain firm. Also, when selecting the seeds of a plant for sowing, it must be borne in mind that almost half of them are without seeds inside.

Hawthorn can also be propagated vegetatively. Often, trees let out young shoots - these root offspring can be planted and propagated in this way. Another method of plant propagation is cuttings, which is carried out in exactly the same way as in all other fruit and berry plants.

Hawthorn bushes should be planted in exactly the same planting holes as seedlings of fruit trees (apple, pear and others) - the distance between the trees should be at least four meters. This plant loves sunny places, but in the shady areas, the hawthorn can get sick, bloom poorly and not bear fruit.

Hawthorn trees don't need too much abundant watering, 1-2 buckets per plant once a month will be enough. In especially hot and dry periods, watering can be increased up to twice a month.

Plants tolerate pruning very well, quickly forming new shoots, so it is possible to give trees interesting shapes - for example, a cube or a ball. In this way, you can bring an interesting unusual touch to the design of the site.

It is best to fertilize hawthorn in the spring - before the trees begin to bloom. It is best to use manure soot for these purposes.

Where is it applied?

Often, hawthorn is grown not only for the purpose of obtaining the most useful and very tasty fruits, because hawthorn bushes can also be used as a hedge. Such a plant has a very attractive decorative appearance, especially in autumn, so the hawthorn will definitely become a decoration of the site.

Properties

As already mentioned, hawthorn fruits contain many useful substances and vitamins - vitamin C and carotene, as well as fructose (which allows diabetics to use hawthorn) and pectin (removes harmful salts of heavy metals from the body).

Hawthorn leaves also have useful properties, a decoction of which improves coronary circulation, as well as the work of the heart muscle. That is why hawthorn is often recommended for use by the elderly, if there are no contraindications for use from the attending physician.

Hawthorn is no less useful for young people, especially in situations where the heart suffers additional stress due to serious illnesses and stress.

Hawthorn berries are also effective in the treatment of biliary tract and liver. In addition, they normalize thyroid function and eliminate shortness of breath.

At the edge of the village, in a shed, a few meters from our garden, an old horse lived. She always looked for a long time at the thickets of hawthorn in our garden, at its branches hanging over the fence. Sometimes she was taken out to graze in an abandoned field, and she always had time to feast on hawthorn: in winter - twigs, in spring - flowers, in summer - leaves, and in autumn - sweet berries. Apparently, all this helped her aging heart beat better.
But that's not all. A hoopoe lived in the bushes of hawthorn, or rather, a family of hoopoes flew in every spring from distant Africa and made a nest in a crevice between large boulders, and the prickly hawthorn well protected the chicks from village cats. And the birds themselves gave off an odorous secret that repels predators.

And that's not it. Mice lived in the thick grass under a hawthorn bush, guarded by hawthorn thorns and the smell of hoopoe. The mice are good, they didn’t snoop far, they didn’t gnaw at young apple trees, they ate hawthorn berries and kept supplies in their minks. Around the hawthorn bushes there were many young shoots, it was the seeds from the mouse stocks that sprouted. We shared hawthorn seedlings with friends.
Nobody tolerates mice in the house, and for this we keep ten cats, and in the hawthorn we love mice, they are one good.
Children sometimes bring small kittens to the garden, kittens play with frogs, chase lizards, but do not touch mice and hoopoe chicks.
Hoopoes teach children cleanliness, bathe in dust and then clean their feathers with a long beak. Birds also teach how to take care of their children. The female alone incubates the eggs, and the male constantly brings insects to her, then they all collect caterpillars together in our garden.
Once the granddaughter extended her hand to the chicks, when the parents were not there, they all stretched out their wriggling necks at once and hissed like a flock of snakes, before the girl had time to pull her hand away, they all at once fired at her with liquid droppings. These are some brave and friendly birds, children appreciated their self-defense.
The horse, passing by, smiles with its upper lip and snorts, it is she who says what kind kids we have in the garden. And grandchildren, and kittens, and mice, and chicks. But we have the kindest prickly hawthorn, it is he who unites us all.

Every autumn I invite friends to my garden to taste the pears grafted into the hawthorn crown, but for some reason they are delighted at the sight of large, brightly colored hawthorn fruits, taste it, choose the best bushes and ask for cuttings or cuttings.

Hawthorn - ideal for hedges

Local hawthorn, small, blood-red, grows with us everywhere in the form of fences near alleys in parks and along roads. It is useful and edible and very decorative in the fall, the kids feast on it after the first frost, grandmothers collect it as a medicine, but gardeners are only interested in it as a barbed hedge. Capricious gardeners are delighted only with large-fruited hawthorn from Canada and the Far East.

Somehow, in the eighties, urban landscapers in nurseries bought several thousand seedlings of large-fruited hawthorn varietal, you can see a seed mixture from varieties of hawthorn Pinnatifid, Myagkovaty and Arnold, only it does not freeze out here, and planted around many city institutions and in parks. The hawthorn took root, grew, gave many basal shoots. From the plants I liked, I took layering and planted it on the north side of the fence when I was developing a site for building a house. Now they have turned into huge twenty-five-year-old trees that have overtaken willows and mountain ash in growth.

Pears in the hawthorn crown bear fruit for a long time

In the crown of each hawthorn, I planted pear branches, some are already 15 years old, and all these years they have been bearing fruit, although they are all on props, tied up, some of the pears froze and broke off after harsh winters under -35.
And the hawthorn does not get sick, it blooms beautifully in spring, pleases beautiful foliage in autumn, it protects the garden from the northern cold winds and from the end of summer pleases with a countless harvest of large berries. The berries on each bush are different in size, shade of color and taste, as it is a mixture of seeds, but they are all sweet and tasty.

How to grow hawthorn from seeds

I liked this experience, I decided to propagate hawthorn seeds. I planted seeds in the fall several times, but single shoots appeared only after 2 years, when the beds were overgrown with grass, and it was difficult to save seedlings in the grass. It is known from the literature that hawthorn seeds require very serious processing, since their embryos are in deep rest. Seed dormancy is associated with poor oxygen conductivity through the hard shell, the awakening of the embryo does not occur simultaneously and extends over 2-3 years.

Low temperature contributes to the elimination of the dormancy of the embryos and the inhibitory effect of the seed coats. However, the cracking of the shell, on the contrary, goes faster at elevated temperatures. Therefore, to accelerate the germination of seeds, preliminary pre-sowing preparation of seeds is necessary - stratification. It is carried out in peat: the bones are mixed with wet peat in a ratio of 1:3 and kept for at least 4 months at a temperature of + 20-25, and then 6-7 months at + 4-7. Sometimes, to destroy the shell, the bones are treated with concentrated sulfuric acid for 15-20 minutes or scarified by cutting from the top with a pruner. In this case, when the seeds are cooled in peat for 6 months, they sprout in the spring.

All this seemed difficult to me, and I tried the method, as in nature. I traveled all over the city in August, collected a bucket of reddened, but unripe seeds from the largest and sweetest hawthorns, mixed them with compound feed and fed them to my musky ducks. I scooped out the litter with seeds, mixed it with peat and immediately scattered it around the perimeter in the new garden, and planted some of it on the garden bed near the house.
From these seeds in the garden, about three dozen large-fruited hawthorn trees naturally made their way through the grass and fruited for 5-7 years, on which I planted pears in places and which delight my friends. Shoots also appeared in the garden in June, which I planted in the garden, and used part as a stock. It turned out that for this reason nature created a hard shell around the seeds so that they would not be digested in the stomach of birds, and the birds carried them with their droppings.

Large-fruited hawthorns

Now on sale there are many seedlings of large-fruited hawthorn of various varieties from large European companies. All of them are decorative and good for the south, but for the north it is worth buying the following three types of hawthorn: Far Eastern Pinnate and American Arnold and Soft.

Pinnate hawthorn is quite rare with us, but very decorative, especially in September, when leaves are not visible behind a bountiful harvest. It is a tree 4-5 m high. The crown is branched. The spines are few, 1-2 cm long, deeply pinnatifid, hence the name of this species. The leaves are densely green above, bare, shiny. The flowers are white, with a characteristic pungent odor. The fruits are spherical in selected garden forms - up to 2-2.5 cm, carmine-red, with white warts, with dense, dryish pulp, becoming soft and loose when overripe, with 3-5 seeds.

Soft hawthorn - bright in autumn, visible from afar, leaves have bright color. It is a tree 6-10 m high. The crown is rounded-tent-shaped. Shoots are winding, thin. Numerous long spines (5-8 cm) straight or curved, shiny, brown. The leaves are large, ovate, with a rounded or wedge-shaped base. Felt pubescence is pronounced in young leaves, especially on the underside. Flowers large, white, with pleasant smell. The fruits are large, 2 cm, pear-shaped, orange-red, with large light lenticels. The flesh of the fruit is yellow, powdery, sweet in taste.
Thus, these hawthorns are easily distinguished by the leaves, the smell of the flowers, and the shape of the fruit.
Arnold's hawthorn is close to soft hawthorn. Differs in more cranked shoots, rounded leaves, rounded large bright carmine fruits with characteristic long white hairs at the top. The fruits ripen earlier than those of the soft hawthorn and quickly fall off. In the garden, it is very decorative, looks impressive all year round, amazes visitors with large spines up to 8 cm long, on winding branches and large differently colored leaves.
All these hawthorns are easy to propagate, as they give growth and root offspring can be dug up. The methods of propagation by green cuttings are common, as in other fruit trees and berry bushes. But most fast way vegetative propagation of large-fruited garden forms of hawthorn - spring grafting with a cutting. As a stock, local blood-red hawthorn plants are used, having grown wild game from the seeds or dug up numerous offspring from adult plants.

Agrotechnics hawthorn

It is necessary to plant seedlings up to 2 years old, it is impossible to dig out older ones, since the root system quickly goes 2-3 meters deep. When they talk about hawthorn, they immediately remember shade tolerance, frost resistance, drought resistance. It is no coincidence that its name is translated from Latin as "indestructible."
I do not form my hawthorns growing like a hedge, but in ornamental garden they begin to form a crown, like an apple tree and a pear, and according to the same laws. Plants of garden forms of hawthorn grafted onto the stem form a crown themselves well. Soil cultivation under hawthorn plants and care for them is carried out in the same way as for pear trees, except for sprinkling organic matter around the perimeter of the crown, hawthorns do not feed anything. They suffer from all diseases, like a pear, but much less often. With regular spraying of ACC in ecological garden among dozens of species of other trees and herbs, hawthorns do not get sick at all and protect my apple trees from diseases.

Hawthorn - piquant in any blanks

I don't use hawthorn as medicine. When you admire its beautiful trees, foliage, thorns and fruits, endorphins are released, and this gives health. When you taste its fruits together with children, it brings new biologically active substances and health. Hawthorn is especially valuable as an additive to various fruit and berry preparations, it gives them a piquant shade, it contains a lot of pectin and is great as an additive to various jams.
We dry hawthorn flowers, winter evening they should be added to tea and treated to lovers of herbal teas, but this is a separate big chapter about medicinal plants in my garden.

Hawthorn jam

Early in August, the harvest of medicinal hawthorn apples ripened in our garden of paradise. I myself collected berries among the thorns, the largest and sweetest, brought a whole bucket, and the schoolchildren began to search on the Internet best recipes the most fragrant and original hawthorn jams. My grandmother and I, as always, cooked three options and next Saturday invited our grandchildren to a tasting. This recipe won the most votes.

Recipe for jam in a slow cooker-pressure cooker from hawthorn, raspberries, blueberries, black elderberry flowers and nutmeg in redcurrant juice.

• 1 kg hawthorn
• 1 kg sugar
• 200 g raspberries
• 100 g blueberries
• Black elderberry flowers
• Whisper of nutmeg
• 200 ml red currant juice.

I set the mode of frying vegetables, cook sugar syrup, adding sugar to currant juice.
Then I pour all the berries into syrup, remove the foam after boiling, add nutmeg and black elderberry flowers in a bag and close the lid tightly. After 5 minutes, turn off the multicooker. The jam languishes under the lid for an hour, the pressure drops gradually. I pour it into 200 ml jars, remove the spices and screw the lids on.
In winter, jam is magical. Burgundy hawthorn berries, red raspberries and small blue eyes of blueberries float in the most delicate pink jelly, and the almond flavor of elder flowers, tinted with a delicate spicy sweetish aroma and taste of nutmeg, is fabulously perfect.

Large-fruited hawthorn should be grown in every garden. Effective as solitary plant. Planting in one row along the border of the site will create an impassable hedge. It is beautiful when in bloom and delights the eye in autumn when it is studded with red fruits and the leaves change color to autumn tones. The fruits are edible and have medicinal properties. He doesn't need special care It is winter-hardy and drought-resistant.

Types of hawthorn

When choosing a hawthorn for planting in the garden, you should pay attention to the most unpretentious species with large fruits and high yields: pinnatifid hawthorn, softish and American Arnold.

The only requirement: landing in places well lit by the sun, ground water should not pass close to the surface. Maintenance is minimal, these garden trees do not require much attention.

Description of hawthorn Arnold
The Arnold species looks like a soft hawthorn. Its branches are more sinuous. Fruits on top are covered with long white hairs. fruit pulp color pink. It bears fruit in the first half of September and quickly crumbles.

Hawthorn softish
It grows in the form of a tree with a height of 6 to 10 meters. The crown naturally forms in the form of a rounded tent. The shoots are winding, covered with long spines, 6-8 cm in size. Brown, may be straight or curved. The leaves are ovoid, 3-4 cm wide, and 3 to 7 cm long. The edge of the leaf is serrated.
Care is not difficult, fruiting begins 6 years after planting. The fruits are large, up to 2 cm in diameter, orange-red. Their shape is round or pear-shaped. Powdery pulp, yellow color, taste good.

Pinnatifid far eastern
Hawthorn pinnate is a tree 4-5 meters high. Because of the overgrowth, it often grows in the form of a branched bush. Spines are rare and sharp. They are short, only 1-2 cm, sometimes they may not be at all. It differs from other types of hawthorn in the shape of the leaves. They are dissected into 5 or 7 lobes. The blades are slightly wavy, serrated, which makes them look like feathers. The leaves are large, 8 long and 5 cm wide. The upper part of the leaves is saturated Green colour with shine, and the lower one is lighter.
Its flowers smell unpleasant, but the flowering period is short, no more than 5 days. Fruits are 1.5 to 2.5 cm in diameter. The fruits are covered with white pimples, the flesh is red. Their taste improves when they are slightly overripe.
Hawthorn pinnatifida is recommended for growing in areas where night frosts occur in spring. Due to late flowering, in June, it does not fall under spring frosts which has a positive effect on productivity. Berries do not fall until winter.

Garden hawthorn is propagated in two ways: by seeds and vegetatively.

Read also: Anthurium pink - care, reproduction, possible problems

How to grow hawthorn from seeds

This is a more time consuming method, it will take patience and proper care for young seedlings. Hawthorn pits are covered with a dense peel and a thick protective layer. This hinders gas permeability, and therefore the embryo is in a state of deep dormancy. The awakening process lasts about 2-3 years, seedlings appear unevenly. Large seeds may not sprout at all.
Stratification helps speed up germination. To do this, the bones are mixed with peat. 4 months kept in a wet state at a temperature of 20 - 25 ° C, then cleaned in a cool place for 6-7 months. The temperature must be maintained between 4° and 7°. After stratification, they are again brought into heat.

If instead of a peat mixture, planting is carried out in sand, the awakening period increases by 1-2 months.
There are several ways to shorten the process:

• seed is washed in in large numbers running water, and then dried at a temperature of about 50 ° C;
• to soften and break hard shell soak in hydrochloric acid for 20 minutes;
• cut off the top of the bone with a sharp pruner;
• seeds are taken from large unripe fruits, when the shell has not yet hardened.

For sowing, you should take seeds two to three times more than necessary. Part of the planting material is often barren.

Vegetative reproduction

When cutting down an old tree, dormant buds wake up, from which many shoots grow. A shoot that has grown its own roots is a beautiful planting material. She takes root well and retains all maternal properties.
Planting green cuttings is less effective: rooting is difficult and survival is minimal.

Growing seedlings

The sprouted seedlings must be grown on the shkolka. This process is lengthy and takes three to four years. During this period, regular care is needed: weeding, loosening and top dressing. The first year the earth must be constantly kept moist, in the second year it is watered infrequently, but plentifully.
The main fertilizer during the growing period is nitrogen. It helps the development of seedlings, improves the absorption nutrients from the soil, protects plants from diseases. It is applied in liquid form during irrigation.
From the second year of cultivation, they begin to form a crown. If the plant will continue to grow as a single plant, or is necessary to create landscape composition, then it is desirable to form a small stem by cutting off the lower branches. Then the plant is allowed to grow in a free form.

If planting a hawthorn involves the creation of a hedge, then the top of the plants is shortened to enhance the growth of lateral shoots. This procedure is repeated every year.

Disembarkation to a permanent place

Plant a garden hawthorn in a sunny place. Landing in the shade or penumbra does not allow him to fully develop. The lack of sun reduces the yield, and sometimes there are no fruits at all. The soil should be fertile and moderately heavy. Acidic soils need to be limed. Landing is carried out in pre-dug holes, 60x60 cm in size, of the same depth. When planting in groups, the distance between the trees is left at least 4 meters. To create a hedge, plant often, 50 cm apart. When planting, the root neck should remain strictly at ground level.

Read also: Crown anemone is the queen of spring flowers.

Hawthorn Care

A good quality seedling, planted in accordance with all the rules, in suitable place does not require special attention.

• Care for him consists in sanitary pruning, which can be carried out at any time of the year. The shaping of the hedge, or trimming the bushes to suit the landscape design, is done in the spring.
• Weeding required trunk circles and loosening the soil. This care can be reduced to a minimum by covering the soil with a layer of mulch and periodically updating it.
• Top dressing is carried out once, before flowering. Dilute manure with water in a ratio of 1:10. One bucket of fertilizer is enough for one tree.
• Hawthorn is a drought-resistant plant. It is necessary to water it only in hot summer and during a long period of lack of rain.

If the soil in your area is very light, with a predominance of sand, then in the heat you will have to water more often, 2-3 times a month. The same applies to supplements. In the fall, you will have to bring humus under the tree and dig a shovel onto a bayonet.
Hawthorn is subject to the same diseases as apple trees. Carrying out preventive care for apple trees, do not bypass the hawthorn.

Every spring, before bud break, spray the trees with 3% Bordeaux mixture. If in the summer you notice signs of diseases, then you need to re-treat, but prepare the Bordeaux mixture at a lower concentration - 1%.

Dry branches should be cut in a timely manner. In autumn, fallen leaves and old mulch should be collected from under the trees and burned. Fresh compost and digging will prevent pest larvae from overwintering in tree trunks.

Useful and medicinal properties

The flowers and leaves of hawthorn have healing properties. Tinctures are made from them, dried for tea. The fruits contain many vitamins, which are preserved in dried berries.
Hawthorn is useful for vegetative-vascular dystonia, mild disorders in the work of the heart, strengthens blood vessels, and has calming properties. But, it can be used as a medicine only after consulting a doctor. But how vitamin tea, which increases efficiency, normalizes blood pressure, saves from insomnia, you can drink it every day.
Leaves and flowers are harvested to make tea in the spring. Flowers are most useful when they have not fully blossomed. Dry them in the shade, in a warm, ventilated room, spreading them out in a thin layer. Periodically, you should shake slightly. Store in glass jars with the lid closed.
The fruits are dried in autumn. More valuable substances are preserved when drying in the oven for minimum temperature, or in a special dryer for vegetables and fruits.
Hawthorn tea can be prepared with the addition of other herbs and fruits. Ivan tea, dried raspberries, rose hips, mint, lemon balm, thyme - there are many options. Experiment and find your own version.

The only rule when making tea is that the dry mixture should not exceed 1/5 of the volume of the teapot. Exceeding the norm can be harmful to health.

There are many benefits in frozen hawthorn. It is slightly defrosted and twisted in a meat grinder along with lemon. Then add a little honey - it turns out vitamin blend. To use 2 teaspoons diluted in warm water and drink at any time.