Modern wall painting. Paintings for the interior of the house. Kitchen interior: how to combine decor elements

Today, everyone can use paintings as decor elements of their own homes. Once upon a time, such jewelry was considered a sign of luxury, and only wealthy people could afford them. Over time, it became possible not only to purchase original copies belonging to the great masters, but also their less expensive copies, works by little-known artists and all kinds of glossy posters.

In order for the canvas to organically fit into the decor of the room, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the basic principles before buying design art. On the Internet, there are a huge number of photos of various paintings for the interior, and this article will help you make the right choice, taking into account all the nuances.

General principles for choosing paintings for the interior

In the world of design, there are certain rules that help create harmonious combination pictures with the general situation of the room. The most basic ones are listed below.

Rule number 1. Style. When choosing a picture, you must adhere to the general style of the room.

Rule number 2. Color. A room dominated by rich, saturated colors needs calm painting, and bright accents Will look good on walls in neutral tones. If it turned out that the shade of the canvas matches the shade of the wall on which it hangs, then this can be corrected with the help of a contrasting frame. It is also important to know that dark shades help to visually reduce the space, and light - to increase.

Rule number 3. Size. indoors with high ceilings, large portraits arranged vertically look harmonious. Pictures arranged horizontally are used more widely, and are suitable even for standard apartments. It must be taken into account that small rooms do not overload with decorative elements, because this helps to reduce space.

Rule number 4. Placement. The picture is best placed on the wall so that its central point is at eye level.

Rule number 5. Plot. Choosing an image is the same as choosing future emotions. After all, every time you look at the acquired work of art, certain feelings will be experienced.

Modern paintings for the interior

Particular attention should be paid to modern versions of paintings that can organically fit into any fashionable interior. Vivid examples here are Modular pictures, abstract canvases and democratic posters.

A modular picture is an image divided into several segments. Such canvases can decorate not only residential premises, but also office buildings. They help to create stylish interior adding to it notes of novelty and originality.

For each picture, the number of fragments, their position in space and size are absolutely individual. The theme can be anything, but basically, these are abstract motifs, nature, animals, as well as urban landscapes.

Abstraction is considered a unique direction in painting. Its main goal is to develop the imagination of a person, causing a variety of associations. Such canvases depict not familiar objects, but various color combinations in combination with fantasy or geometric shapes.

Abstract images will be a great solution for modern interiors decorated in a minimalist style, as well as in high-tech and modernist styles. They are able to create a unique creative atmosphere in the room, to become fashionable design "chips".

When placing abstraction, keep in mind that wallpaper with patterns will put it at a disadvantage, creating an impression of bad taste, but a plain wall is perfect.

All kinds of posters can also serve as a wonderful decoration of the room. They differ from traditional paintings in that they are created by the printing industry rather than individual artists.

Posters are suitable for anyone modern interior. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that they are able to reflect the personality of the owner of the premises, his worldview, tastes and hobbies. The poster can look like an art poster with graphics or text, or it can be in the form of a photograph.

It is important to remember that no matter which version of the image is chosen, the main thing is that the picture as a whole is in harmony with the decor of the room.

Living room interior: how to choose the right picture

It is known that the living room is intended for receiving guests, celebrating important events and communication between family members. Therefore, it needs a special design approach. In such rooms, paintings are appropriate, which depict urban and rural landscapes, portraits of people, flower arrangements, as well as all kinds of birds and animals.

For an interior in a classic style, traditional painting is suitable. High-tech and modernism welcome abstraction. The interior is in pop art style, goes well with a variety of posters.

In order for the canvas above the sofa to look organic, you should not be mistaken with the choice of size. One to two is the ideal ratio of the width of the picture and the back of the sofa, and one to three is the best option for free space for two or three works of art.

If there is a desire to create a sense of dynamism in the room, then the canvases should be hung asymmetrically to each other. Conversely, paintings arranged symmetrically give the impression of stability and adherence to tradition.

Also, stylish monochrome paintings of the same size can give some rigor to the interior. And frames similar in color and material contribute to the creation of a harmonious interior.

Kitchen interior: how to combine decor elements

For the kitchen, you can safely buy inexpensive paintings, because decor elements in such rooms are more often exposed to adverse effects than in other rooms and therefore quickly become unusable. It is best to place art specimens under glass - this will help protect them from negative consequences.

To give the interior a complete image, a competent combination of the color palette of the room with shades of decor elements will help. For example, monochrome paintings look organically in a room dominated by cold shades. The Provence style is characterized by painting, in which there are shades of yellow. Minimalism is in dire need of bright accents.

In the kitchen, you can also hang pictures created by yourself. After all, this trend is now very relevant, because Hand Made has become very popular.

Bedroom Design: Interesting Design Ideas

The main purpose of the bedroom is to give a person the opportunity to relax. Therefore, when choosing a picture, it is best to give preference to the image that, in your opinion, will allow you to better feel the atmosphere of home comfort, tranquility and well-being.

Choosing canvases depicting wildlife is usually always a win-win option, because calm rivers and streams, brooding forests and majestic mountains help create a peaceful atmosphere in the room.

However, if the mood requires romance, then exotic birds flying through the blue sky are quite suitable for this occasion. It is also worth noting that in the interior of the bedroom, muted shades help to better relax and rejuvenate.

Thus, knowing all the nuances, it will be much easier to buy a painting for the interior.

Photo paintings for the interior

Fine art supports the concept of apartment design, enhancing and emphasizing the expressiveness of the chosen design; sometimes becomes the foundation of a style-forming concept. Primitive people painted cave paintings on the walls of the caves, so the natural desire of a person to make a dwelling beautiful was manifested. Centuries later, wall paintings (paintings, ceiling paintings) - the main decorative reception. Today we will talk about paintings in a classic and modern setting.

Artistic painting of walls and ceilings, decorative panels, paintings on the walls are not just decoration and a way to create a mood. This is a competent technique to support the stylistic idea, adjust the space, focus on a specific area.

Painting is a direction in art that has come to us from time immemorial. The first man also tried to decorate the caves. Painting developed and improved. New styles and trends emerged. She was present in the manufacture of furniture, and in the decoration of walls and ceilings, and in the decoration of household items.

Frescoes in the interior

The representative of painting - fresco - the oldest technique of painting walls. The word fresco means "fresh" in Italian. The fresco is an artistic painting on wet plaster.

The fresco fits perfectly into the interior of the bedroom - softened colors emphasize calmness

Frescoes and modernity

Manufacturing basis contemporary frescoes are environmentally friendly materials. Today they are canvases that are easily glued to any base. The base can imitate an old wall, in which case the master covers it with cracks. This effect turns the image into a work of art - there is a feeling of noble antiquity.

Tapestries in the interior

Wall-mounted lint-free carpets with an artistic composition are called tapestries. Not a single castle, not a single palace could do without these luxury items.

Today, tapestry craft has become a success with owners of country houses and large luxury apartments. And this is not at all surprising, because individual little things give exclusivity to the interior.

Tapestries are able to embody traditional sketch painting and modern computer graphics, which on a textile canvas conveys the true breath of an artistic picture.

Paintings in the interior

Paintings add respectability to the interior. Paintings bring harmony, beauty, individuality to the space.

Skillfully placed and selected paintings, prints, carpets, photographs and other paintings will help transform the house, make the home original.

The picture will help complete the interior design. The presence of paintings in the house indicates the artistic taste of the owner, preferences, well-being. Pictures are a traditional decoration of interiors of different styles, colors and directions. With the help of paintings, the room receives visual volume, contrast, elegance.

The artistic organization of space can give the house an atmosphere of comfort and relaxation. Paintings will never lose their aesthetic value, popularity and noble beauty.

Decorative art panels

This type of decorative art pleased the eyes of both the common man and the crowned persons. Decorative panels are made of semi-precious stones, precious metals, mosaics, stained wood.

Decorative panels are easy to make in the form of portraits of your favorite people, animals, in the form of an inimitable copy of a painting by a famous master of painting, mythological or epic paintings, landscapes.

Painting in the interior today

Today, painting is a means by which unique, lively and bright interiors are created. Modern technologies make it possible to paint on any planes.

Painting is directly related to the architecture of a building or room. Artistic painting techniques allow you to play with the scale of the space of the room, while using the laws of perspective, visualization and "illusion" - you can "move" walls, "raise" or "lower" ceilings.

The combination of painting in the interior, stucco decoration and artistic or palace parquet will give the room a respectable, elite, finished and harmonious image, which fascinates with wealth and beauty.

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decorative painting in the interior

Introduction

1.5 Object and rationale for the choice

1.6 Brief description of the premises

Chapter 2. Special part. Decorative panel

2.1 Project and justification of the design solution

2.1.1 The plot of the decorative panel

2.1.2 Format selection

2.1.3 Composition in decorative painting

2.1.4 Color solution

2.2 Technologies and materials used in practical work

2.2.1 Basis for decorative panels

2.2.2 Coloring materials

2.2.3 Brushes

2.3 Implementation of the practical part

Chapter 3. Economic part

Chapter 4. Labor protection and safety

4.1 Occupational safety and labor Code

4.2 Job description of the artist

4.3 Labor protection instructions for the artist

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

List of illustrations

Appendix

Introduction

The choice of this research topic is due to the relevance of decorative painting for the design of a modern interior.

Modern interior design cannot be imagined without works of art - paintings, sculptures, photographs. Painting plays an important role in organizing the interior space of a room and not only serves as a decoration, but also changes visual perception, enriches the interior space and forms a unique style.

At all times, unique, individual interiors. Such interiors are equated with works of art, they are individual, and this individuality is determined by a number of features, floor and ceiling finishes, furniture that is installed in the room and decor.

Professional designers often refer to the subject handmade- such things make the interior individual. Such an element of decor is a decorative panel, made in accordance with the interests of a person. It is able to enrich the space and put the necessary emphasis in interior design. The panel can be made for any interior and any scale - depending on the wishes of the customer and the format of the room.

Panel (from lat. pannus - a piece of fabric) - a decorative work of art, usually intended to permanently fill in any section of the wall (wall panel) or ceiling (plafond). A decorative panel can be made as an independent element of the interior or occupy a significant area of the room.

A decorative panel is a painting, performed on the walls or canvas using a variety of decorative effects. Decorative panel is made as an independent element in the form decorative element in the interior, or occupies a significant area of \u200b\u200bthe room, when the walls and ceiling are an interconnected plot.

A decorative panel made on canvas is one of the options for decorating a living space. As a basis, you can take a plot composition that corresponds to the interests of a person, capable of not leaving him indifferent. Having successfully selected the technique and color scheme, it is easy to improve the state of mind of a person. Pictures made on canvas with acrylic paints look stylish and unusual. Acrylic has the ability to attract attention with its noble brilliance, extraordinary modulations, fantastic ornament.

aim thesis is the study of decorative painting (as a technique) in the interior, taking into account fashion trends and performing practical work in the form of a decorative panel based on the plot of Quentin Tarantino's film "Death proof".

The subject of the research is the process of developing a project for a decorative panel for a modern interior.

The theoretical significance of this study lies in the enrichment and replenishment of knowledge, which will later be used in future design and artistic activities.

The practical significance is to apply knowledge to create a draft design of a decorative panel and translate it into material.

During the writing of the thesis, the following tasks were set:

1. Collect and analyze information on this topic;

2. To study the history of the development of monumental - decorative art;

3. Get acquainted with the techniques and features of decorative art;

4. To study the techniques, methods and means of working with acrylic paints, directly on the topic of the thesis;

5. To study the influence of decorative painting on the sensory perception of the interior by a person;

6. To study the features of composition and color in decorative painting;

7. Develop a draft design of a decorative panel;

8. Turn the project into material.

The diploma work was carried out in several stages:

1. Detailed study of the topic and analysis of information;

2. Development of sketches and draft options;

3. Creation of the theoretical part of the thesis;

4. Embodiment of the project in the material.

Graduation project structure:

1. Theoretical part (the history of the development of decorative and monumental art, the technique of decorative painting and graphics, decorating an office rest room);

2. Special part (justification of the design solution, techniques and materials, progress of work);

3. Economic part (determining the cost of doing the work, the cost of a decorative panel)

4. Labor protection and safety (labor protection, labor code, job description of the artist)

5. Practical part(sketches, decorative panel)

Chapter 1. The main part. Decorative painting in the interior

The term "decorative art" comes from Latin word"decor" - "I decorate" and denotes the plastic arts. In the decorative arts, closely woven into everyday life to create individual items or architectural decoration, are used various types technology. The decor of works of decorative art consists of a combination of utilitarian and aesthetic purposes.

Plastic arts are also called spatial, i.e. such types of visual art that exist in space without changing in time, and are designed to form the material object-spatial environment surrounding a person, introducing into it a figurative and aesthetic beginning.

The plastic arts fall into two categories:

1. Fine arts. These include painting, sculpture, graphics, photography;

2. Architecture and arts and crafts (folk art and design).

Decorative art is the art of creating household items, the purpose of which is to satisfy the practical and artistic - aesthetic needs of people. The aesthetic qualities of a work of decorative art are determined by its appearance: the material from which it is made and the manufacturing technique.

Decorative finishing, exterior and interior painting use large quantity visual means. A decorative panel and a statue can be considered as part of an architectural ensemble and as independent works of art. With the development of design, designed to improve the aesthetic qualities of the objective world, the production of decorative arts is increasingly limited to the creation of small series or even individual works, which makes such works elitist and exclusive.

The decorative arts are closely related to architecture and design. The concept of decorative art includes:

1. Monumental - decorative art. These are large works of art that serve to decorate architectural structures and the territories adjacent to them, namely: stained-glass windows, mosaics, murals, reliefs: on facades and in interiors; decorative landscape gardening and monumental sculpture;

2. Decorative and applied arts. This is the production of artistic products that serve to decorate a person's life. These include dishes, furniture, fabrics, clothing, jewelry, toys, household appliances, etc.;

3. Design art. These are works of a temporary nature or permanent with changing information. They serve to decorate social events or are informative. These include holiday decoration streets, squares, industrial areas of demonstrations, folk festivals, sports performances and parades, as well as window dressing, various kinds expositions, information sheets and posters.

Thus, works of decorative art are always associated with the environment for which they are intended. Decorative art is aimed at creating beautiful things and monumental works, with a holistic, aesthetically expressive image.

Decorativeness is one of the main artistic means of works of monumental - decorative art. It is also inherent in works of fine art, both easel and decorative-applied art, which enter into a relationship with architecture and form an artistic ensemble.

Decorativeness carries not only signs of the time, but also social ideas, cultural, technical and fashion trends. Items of monumental and decorative art, as well as items of fine arts, can only have an aesthetic purpose, and not carry any utilitarian load. Their purpose is only to enrich the interior with architectural or graphic elements, and to create decorative accent. decorative painting mural artist

Monumental - decorative art is one of the components of decorative art in general. This is a plastic spatial art associated with architecture and the surrounding space, which includes ideologically completed large-format works. Monumental and decorative art includes such works as:

1. Monumental sculpture is a type of fine art, the works of which are closely connected with the architectural environment and are dedicated to great historical events or people. The distinctive features of monumental sculpture are: large scale, unity with the architectural and spatial environment. Monumental sculpture is performed in the form of memorials, monuments, monuments, stelae, obelisks, rostral columns, triumphal arches, columns and gates. A striking example of monumental sculpture is the monument to Peter I - a bronze equestrian monument in front of the Mikhailovsky Castle in St. Petersburg, made by the Italian sculptor Carl Rastrelli.

2. Monumental - decorative sculpture. It serves to decorate facades, interiors of buildings, and can also be an element of a landscape gardening ensemble. Decorative sculpture serves as a supporting element of the architectural structure of the building, for example: the atlas supports the cornice or balcony, the caryatid is a female figure, it is the support of the beam in the building and the protome. A huge number of types of monumental - decorative sculpture, is an interior decoration: arcoterium, biga, canephora, capital, mascaron, metope, pandative, plafond, portal, rosette, frieze and pediment. Example: The figure of an atlas decorating the Grand Palace of Tsarskoye Selo.

3. Monumental and monumental - decorative painting - this is painting on architectural structures, a characteristic feature is gigantic size and attachment to architectural surfaces. The main types of monumental painting are: fresco, a secco, mosaic, stained glass, decorative paintings and decorative panels. An example of monumental painting is the frescoes of the Sistine Chapel made by a group of Florentine artists (Botticelli, Perugino, Ghirlandaio and Cosimo Rosselli).

Monumental-decorative painting is closely connected with architectural structures or works of applied art. In the first case, such painting is also called monumental painting due to its size and the strength of its close connection with architecture, which is of a monumental nature.

Monumental and decorative painting includes:

1. Fresco is an ancient technique of monumental painting, a feature of which is drawing a picture with water-soluble paints on a raw basis. The basis for the fresco is gesso or plaster, a mixture of slaked lime and sand. Fresco paints are natural pigments diluted with plain water. After the base has dried, the paints applied on the wet plaster become one with it, a calcium transparent film is formed on the surface of the dried lime, protecting the painting for centuries.

2. Mosaic - monumental and decorative-applied art of creating works, the creation of which occurs when typing, arranging and fixing multi-colored walls on the surface ceramic tiles, smalt and other materials. The popularity of mosaics at all times, due to its durability and special properties: heat resistance, impact resistance and water resistance. The long-term safety of the mosaic is ensured by the materials from which it is created: stones, smalt and ceramics - they will not change and retain their color for many years, an example is the front side of the Sumerian box “Standard of Ur”.

3. Decorative painting is a kind of monumental painting, widely used in decoration interiors, creating monumental compositions closely related to architecture: ceilings, walls, arches are painted in uniform style. Wall paintings are made with oil, acrylic or tempera paints directly on the plastered surfaces of architectural structures.

4. Decorative panels - picturesque panels made on canvas and fixed on the walls or ceiling, using various decorative effects. A decorative panel can be used as a decorative insert in the interior, or occupy a significant part of the room.

5. Stained-glass window - a work of monumental art, made of colored and painted glass or other light-transmitting materials, serves to fill window openings in architectural construction. In modern stained-glass windows, colorless glass, cast glass, thick broken glass are used (cast and pressed glass are given all kinds of textures and degrees of transparency), various colored glasses and mirrors. There are also various types of glass processing for stained glass: etching, painting, sandblasting, etc. A famous example is the stained glass windows of Canterbury Cathedral in the UK.

6. Sgraffito - one-color or multi-color decorative wall painting, the technique of which consists in the gradual imposition of several layers of plaster of different layers. After drying, the outer layer is scratched or completely removed areas, thereby creating a pattern or pattern.

Works of monumental painting are solved in a three-dimensional-spatial or planar-decorative manner. They can be the dominant of the architectural ensemble, or they can only decorate the surface.

1.2 History of decorative painting

Monumental painting is of great importance in the general development of pictorial art because the first works of painting known to us appeared on the walls of dwellings (“cave painting”) of the first people on earth.

The history of the development of decorative painting has many millennia. Its oldest examples are cave images of animals painted on the walls of caves. The exact time of drawing these images is unknown, but scientists attribute them to the Paleolithic, the so-called ancient stone period. Images were executed in the form of a relief or scratched with a sharp tool, and also applied with red clay, black soot and brown, consisting of two colors mixed with fat or bone marrow. These rather realistic images of herbivorous and predatory animals can already be fully called painting.

These images are often placed in dark nooks and crannies, on ceilings, ie. In such places, they were difficult, and sometimes impossible, perhaps the images were made not to decorate the caves, but as religious or magical talismans. Either they were the totems of the progenitors of the clan, or they must attract painted animals as prey to hunters. Drawings were applied immediately before the hunt, as a ritual; it was believed that after the performance of this ritual, the hunt would be successful.

The painting of ancient Egyptian tombs (pictures of the afterlife, including everyday and battle scenes, animalistic images) reached a particularly high level of perfection, with its musical rhythm and clarity of composition, refinement of lines. A more developed and finished look has decorative paintings in Egypt. These images were not decoration, but were part of the funeral ritual: after burial, the entrances to the tombs were walled up. Unlike other cultures, Egyptian painting was of a conventional nature: the face was drawn in profile with the eye in the front, the shoulders turned to the front, but the legs were shown in profile. Despite these conventions, the images of the Egyptians are not devoid of realism in the transfer of movements of various figures and characterization of facial types, in the forms of animals and birds, with their inherent habits, characteristic postures.

Later, images appear on the walls of temples and become available for contemplation. They praise the exploits and deeds of the deities or their representative on earth - the pharaoh. The figure of the pharaoh is always depicted as much larger than mere mortals. On the outer walls, images that are visible to everyone are designed to influence the broad masses and are intended to decorate the building. Therefore, along with painting and reliefs, ornaments appear, pictorial and relief, as if continuing and diversifying architectural forms.

The ornament at first depicted bundles, bouquets, garlands, which were tied to the walls or columns of structures. These images were naive-realistic in nature, then gradually simplified. The natural rhythm of flowers, leaves, palm branches, animals inspired the artist to introduce rhythms into the arrangement of the depicted objects. He repeated at equal distances the same, at least approximately, figures. The real forms of objects, being simplified, gradually turned into abstract figures - symbols of objects and concepts. Thus, ornamental forms were obtained, in which it is difficult to decipher their origin and have, in addition to a symbolic meaning, and perform the function of decorating the interior and exterior.

In antiquity, painting is still in synthesis with architecture and sculpture, serving together with them not only religious, but also secular purposes. In 2 thousand BC. Crete becomes a cultural mediator between Egypt and Greece. In Knossos and other palaces of the island, many fragments of frescoes, made in a lively realistic (naturalistic) style, have been preserved, which greatly distinguishes this art from Egyptian painting. Occurs (especially in Ancient Greece) awareness of the social, moral - educational significance of painting, as well as all art in general. The development of this genre in the classical period is evidenced by numerous references in written sources; the murals of Polygnotus in the Propylaea of the Athenian Acropolis were especially famous. Fine examples of ancient Roman monumental painting have been preserved under a layer of ash on the walls of houses in the cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabia, which died during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79, as well as in Rome. These are multicolored compositions with a variety of subjects, from architectural motifs to complex mythological cycles, in such compositions one can see the artist's knowledge of nature and the ability to convey it.

In ancient Greece, easel painting appeared (on boards, less often on canvas), which did not come down to our time, performed using the encaustic technique (wax painting; less often glue paints and tempera), which made it possible to expressively sculpt volumes.

Monumental painting was one of the main arts in the early Christian period and in the Middle Ages. During this period, walls and vaults of the catacombs were decorated with frescoes, and then wall paintings and mosaics became the main types of decoration for churches in the Western Roman Empire, Byzantium and other countries of Eastern Europe. In the Middle Ages, in the painting of Western Europe, Byzantium, Russia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, it developed mainly in the church Christian ideology, religious and ascetic images were created.

In Western Europe, during the Renaissance, the principles of a new, humanistic art were affirmed, which re-discovered and cognized the material world, because of this, the role of painting increased, developing means of a realistic depiction of reality. Fresco was unusually widespread in Renaissance Italy. In their works, the artists sought to achieve the maximum semblance of reality; especially great attention was paid to the transfer of volume and space: due to perspective constructions and aerial (coloristic) perspective.

In the 17th century, a system of genres took shape. In the XVII-XVIII centuries, monumental and decorative painting flourished, which exists in unity with architecture and sculpture and influences the emotional perception of space. The role of easel painting also increased.

Like other types of monumental art (architecture, sculpture), monumental and decorative painting is in decline. Only at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries attempts were made to revive and merge various kinds painting with arts and crafts and architecture into a single ensemble. The technical means of decorative painting are also being improved and updated.

In the 20th century, the role of decorative painting is growing, both pictorial, seeking to involve the viewer, and flat, ornamental, in harmony with the forms of modern architecture. At the same time, easel painting still plays the main role, although the decorative elements of the art form often make the easel painting part of the overall architectural and artistic ensemble. In the 20th century, interest in research in the field of painting techniques is growing (new paints are invented for monumental painting - pyroxylin in Mexico, silicone, on organosilicon resins in the USSR), but oil painting still prevails.

1.3 History of decorative painting in Russia

During the period of the formation and flourishing of feudalism in Russia (the end of the 10th-17th centuries), art was formed on the basis of the culture of the East Slavic tribes and the Scythians and nomadic Sarmatians who lived on these lands before them. The art of each region and tribe had its own distinctive features and was influenced by neighboring lands. Byzantium had a particularly strong influence after the adoption of Christianity by Russia. Together with Christianity, Russia adopted the traditions of antiquity, in particular Greek culture. Russian art of the Middle Ages was formed at the junction of two religions and ways: Christianity and paganism, feudal and patriarchal. Paganism and the patriarchal way of life were traced in the art of feudal Russia for a long time.

The art of the pre-Mongol period is characterized by a distinctive feature - the monumentalism of forms. Architecture occupies a special place in it. Few architectural monuments of that time have come down to us, many have been preserved in a distorted form, we know a lot about it only from archaeological excavations and written sources.

In the visual arts of Kievan Rus, the leading role is occupied by monumental painting - mosaics and frescoes. The murals of buildings and the type of buildings themselves were adopted by Russian masters from Byzantium. But both in architecture and in Russian painting, the processing of Byzantine traditions begins early. Pagan folk art had a strong influence on the techniques of ancient Russian painting.

The murals not only adorn the vaults of the cathedral, but also embody architectural ideas in general. Painting was supposed, as in all medieval churches, to express the connection between the heavenly and the earthly. In Russia, this particular technique had a great future, as it was a cheaper and more accessible form of monumental art. Fresco paintings of the 11th century. little has come down to us. Almost no painting has been preserved in Novgorod Sofia.

The art of handwritten book miniatures stands out especially in ancient Russian painting. Books written on parchment were decorated with miniatures, headpieces and initials.

In different lands Ancient Russia in local forms, with local modifications, one was born general idea in architecture, in painting, where mosaic gave way to fresco, in applied arts. The development of ancient Russian art was interrupted by the Mongol-Tatar invasion. “And melancholy spread over the Russian land, and sad sadness flows through the Russian Land,” says the Tale of Igor's Campaign. It is hard to imagine what enormous damage the Mongol-Tatar yoke inflicted on the Russian land, already weakened by internecine strife. Cities were plundered and burned, monuments of art were destroyed, artists and architects were killed. Only in Novgorod and Pskov, which pay tribute to the yoke, does artistic life still continue. But it is difficult for them to preserve and develop their cultural traditions in isolation from other lands. The revival of cities and trade begins in the middle of the XIV century. The need for defense united the Russian forces and to a large extent contributed to the unification of the lands, accelerated the development of the state and the Russian people.

XIV century - the heyday of Novgorod monumental painting. At that time, Novgorod had already formed its own local school of painting. In addition, at the end of the century, local craftsmen were influenced by the Byzantine Theophanes the Greek.

In the last quarter of the fifteenth century the process of adding Russian ends centralized state. Moscow becomes the capital of a powerful state. It becomes the main cultural center that has collected and continues to develop the traditions of the art of the Russian principalities. National art is developing, Russian masters work side by side with foreign architects and painters.

Old Russian art was formed in close connection with religion. The Orthodox worldview created special forms of churches and buildings, developed a special technique of monumental painting and icon painting. Art has been formed and transformed for more than 800 years, but its forms and traditions have long existed in the art of subsequent centuries.

Russian art of the 18th century was very extraordinary. The turning point in art began in the 17th century. Peter sends people to study abroad in the sciences, crafts and art. The result of this time is new ideas, images and new genres. Russian art enters the pan-European path of development, but without abandoning the centuries-old national traditions. The transition from the old to the new, familiarization with world culture is noticeable in the painting of Peter's time. With the beginning of the XVIII century. the main place in painting is occupied by oil painting with a secular plot. Among the easel paintings, monumental panels, the dominant place is given to the portrait.

After the death of Peter, the "Era of palace coups" begins. “I say again that all the inconstancy of the world cannot be compared with the inconstancy of the Russian court,” wrote one of the envoys in 1730. State instability could not but affect the development of art.

The development of art in the middle of the XVIII century. is divided into two stages: the 30s - the reign of Anna Ioannovna, the sad era of Russian life in the 18th century, the time of temporary workers, foreigners, and the 40s - 50s - the years of the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna, some softening of the morals of the previous time, the growth of national self-consciousness, encouragement of everything domestic, the time of the addition of the Russian baroque style, which marks the synthesis of all types of art.

The Russian Baroque style caused the rise of all kinds of arts and crafts. The baroque interior is an extraordinary wealth of decor, with the elegance of the design, the whimsicalness of the overall composition and the elegance of the decision, which affected literally all types and techniques: in furniture, in newly born domestic porcelain, in fabrics. The Baroque style in architecture was directly reflected in painting, primarily in monumental and decorative painting, which was used in palaces and churches. Unfortunately, the monumental paintings have not been preserved, as well as the interiors for which they were executed. But not a few works of easel art have been preserved, especially developed since the time of the genre of Peter's portrait. The artists of the Elizabethan period did not study abroad, they studied in Russia while preserving the traditions of old Russian painting. Hence the contrasts not only in the work of one artist, but also in one work.

Throughout the 17th century, Russian art developed according to the laws of modern times. It was not an easy way to get to know and master the laws of European development in a short time, as a result of which Russian secular culture took its rightful place among European schools and retained its specificity.

First period of the 19th century in Russia took place in the atmosphere of a nationwide upsurge associated with the Patriotic War of 1812. The war and the Decembrist uprising determined the nature of Russian culture in the first third of the century. Much has changed since the 18th century. in fine and plastic arts. The role of the artist, his importance and the right to freedom of creativity, which increasingly affected social and moral issues, increased. The humanistic ideals of Russian society were reflected in the highly civic examples of architecture of that time and monumental and decorative sculpture, in synthesis with which decorative painting and applied art, which often ends up in the hands of the architects themselves, act. The style of that time is high classicism, also called the Russian Empire style.

Since the 1940s, thanks to the merits of Gogol's "natural school", Russian literature has become a platform from which "sick questions of the present" are proclaimed, debated, and investigated. Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky - in literature, Russian theater - through Ostrovsky, Russian music - through the efforts of the "Mighty Handful", aesthetics - thanks to the revolutionary democrats, especially Chernyshevsky, contributed to the establishment of the realistic method as the main one in the artistic culture of the middle and second half of the century.

With the end of the popular movement in the 1990s, many artists - the Wanderers experienced a creative decline and went to an entertaining genre painting. Complex life processes determined the variety of artistic forms of these years. You have stood for the renewal of the artistic language, for high professionalism. For artists of the late XIX century. other forms of artistic creativity are characteristic of those of the Wanderers. The lessons of plein air impressionistic painting, the composition of "random framing", the free pictorial manner - all this is the result of the evolution of pictorial means in all genres of art. Artists try themselves in different techniques and types of art - from monumental painting to decorative and applied art.

Artistic life of the mid-40s - 50s of the twentieth century. unusually active. Local mobile, city, republican, inter-republican exhibitions are interspersed with all-Union ones, usually dedicated to significant dates. However, in the post-war years, the social norm of life is violated, democratic freedoms are limited. Such an unfavorable social situation could not but affect the creative atmosphere, the paths of creativity were as difficult as life itself. A lot of meaningless, stamped and small jobs. In the fight against this, the best artists tried to work, in search of true ways and forms. Life itself gave them new themes and posed new difficult questions. The theme of the war, the themes of the moral and physical testing of Soviet people remain relevant in the post-war years.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the artistic life of the country became more active. In 1957, the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Artists was held, which brought together delegates from more than 7,000 artists and art historians, at which the results of the past were summed up and ways for the further development of Soviet art were determined. In culture and art, the "struggle against bourgeois ideology" continued. However, falsely pathetic, narrative-naturalistic works gradually began to disappear from exhibitions. The artists tried to convey patriotic sounds in paintings and sculptures without pathos and pretense.

It is difficult to confine art to one direction, and not all artists of the last two decades have been influenced by the "severe style". Many of them turn to the traditions of ancient Russian art, the art of the 18th - early 20th centuries, the proto-Renaissance, the art of the "Little Dutch", French classicism and, of course, folklore. An appeal to the origins does not always give interesting results, but the development of various layers of art has enriched the work of artists.

Contemporary artists think a lot about tradition, history and beauty in the modern world. Otherwise they perceive figuratively - expressive means and possibilities of art: color, composition, linear and rhythmic structure. The language of symbolism is close. The pictorial form is rich in spectacle and there is no place in it for the straightforward narrative of the 50s. At this time, the boundaries between genres are erased, and art forms are converging. In the visual arts, the erasing of boundaries in genres is a reflection of the development of modern culture. In the 1960s, a new period began in the graphics.

Domestic art until recently was a fusion of national cultures. Speaking of national schools, one can name the main qualities of each of them, but these would be very limited and incorrect characteristics. Each of the national schools with its complex figurative-stylistic specificity in different forms, techniques, style remained true to the main human ideals.

Domestic art of the last decade is quite diverse. During this period, along with the official art, there was a process of legalization of various informal associations. "Underground" not only entered the national artistic life, but became almost an elitist art, but which still requires a serious and objective assessment. The readiness of Russian culture to learn from other peoples, to assimilate foreign cultural forms, transforming them in its own way, saturating them with its emotionality and spiritual content, and thereby creating its own new artistic reality (as it was in the 18th century, when the “Russian Baroque”, “Russian rococo", "Russian classicism", etc.) did not disappear in Russia.

Painting (from Russian to live and write) is one of the oldest types of fine arts, works of art that are associated with the transmission of visual images by applying paints to a solid or flexible base; creating an image using digital technology; as well as works of art made in such ways.

There are two types of painting: easel and monumental.

Easel painting exists independently of the surrounding space, while monumental painting is closely connected with the architecture and interior in which it is located.

Monumental painting is painting on architectural structures, a characteristic feature is gigantic size and attachment to architectural surfaces. The main types of monumental painting are: fresco, a secco, mosaic, stained glass, decorative paintings and decorative panels.

The Russian word painting refers to the realism of this art in the Baroque era, when Western-style paintings began to be painted in Russia, mainly with oil paints. In iconography, the verb "to write" is used, just as in Greek.

Decorative painting is a set of artistic properties that enhance the emotional expressiveness and artistically organizational role of works of plastic arts in the human environment. subject environment. An important role in creating the decorative effect of a work is played by decor, the expressiveness of the natural texture of materials and their inherent features of plastic form, composition, the organization of linear rhythms, plastic volumes and color spots, the intensity of color sounding, the expressiveness and texture of a colorful brushstroke, etc.

Painting has a cognitive, religious, ideological, socio-moral, educational, aesthetic or philosophical function, and is also part of the aesthetic values created in the process of figurative comprehension of the world based on the laws of beauty and perfection.

Painting covers the entire breadth and fullness of reality, which affects the abundance of genres:

1. Portrait (Historical, posthumous (retrospective), portrait - painting, self-portrait, costumed portrait, religious (donor or ktitor), etc.)

2. Landscapes - a genre in which the main subject is nature. It existed since antiquity, but lost its importance in the Middle Ages and regained popularity in the Renaissance, becoming one of the most important genres of painting.

3. Marina - a genre depicting a seascape or an event taking place on the sea.

4. Historical painting - a genre of painting that originates in the Renaissance and includes works not only on the plots of real events, but also mythological, biblical and gospel paintings. Depicts the events of the past that are important for an individual nation or all of humanity.

5. Battle painting is a genre dedicated to the themes of war and hostilities.

6. Genre painting ("everyday genre")

7. Still life - image inanimate objects in the visual arts.

8. Architectural painting - painting, the main theme of which was not natural, but architectural landscape. Includes not only the image of architectural structures, but also the image of interiors.

9. Religious painting (mythological painting, etc.)

10. Decorative painting (monumental painting, theatrical - decorative painting, decorative painting)

Techniques and directions of painting:

1. Acrylic painting. The technique of acrylic painting appeared relatively recently, at most 20 years old. Acrylic paints appeared about 50 years ago and immediately received wide recognition. The success of these modern paints is mainly due to their ease of application, versatility and quick drying. In recent years, advances in the development of acrylic emulsions containing ever smaller and light-fast particles have made it possible to obtain ever better paints.

Acrylic paints and varnishes can be used on any non-greasy substrate such as glass, wood, metal, canvas, canvas, and the like. Fresh acrylic paint can be easily removed from objects with water, but requires special solvents when it dries.

Depending on the degree of dilution with water or the fillers used (gels, pastes, putties, adhesives), the finished acrylic painting may look like watercolor or oil paintings or have its own unique color reproduction unattainable in other areas of fine art.

2. Watercolor painting is a painting technique, the works of which are created with special watercolor paints, which, when dissolved in water, create a light suspension of pigment. Thanks to the peculiarity of watercolor paints, light, airy works with subtle color transitions are created. Watercolor painting combines the features of painting and graphics: the construction of space with color, the richness of tone, the use of paper in the construction of the image;

3. Grisaille - a painting technique performed in tonal gradations of one color, sepia or gray, as well as a technique for creating painted bas-reliefs and other architectural or sculptural elements. In grisaille, only the tone of the subject is taken into account;

4. Gouache - painting with opaque water-based paints prepared from paint powder, water, white and glue. The basis for gouache painting is various surfaces: wood, primed canvas, fabric, cardboard, plywood or paper (typical for graphic images, which allows gouache to be classified as a graphic technique);

5. Painting with water-based paints on plaster - raw (fresco) and dry (a secco);

6. Painting with silicate paints;

7. Painting with ceramic paints;

8. Adhesive painting - a painting technique performed with paints whose binder is glue. In glue painting, the colors are opaque and dense, the pictorial surface of the work is matte;

9. Carnation - a picturesque technique for depicting human skin, its face and open areas of the body;

10. Glaze, grisal or grise - the technique of applying translucent paints over the base color, to obtain deep, iridescent layers;

11. Oil painting is one of the painting techniques that uses paints with vegetable oil as the main binder. For the production of oil paints, real pigments and poppy oil are used, walnuts, but the most popular is linseed oil. The techniques of oil painting are varied, covering (opaque) or glazing (transparent), body (thick) or thin, smooth or embossed (textured) strokes can be used. Mainly for oil painting, the technique is a la prima on a clean primed canvas, or a thinly applied color or tonal underpainting;

12. Pointillism or divisionism is a stylistic direction in neo-impressionism painting, which is based on the manner of writing with separate (isolated) strokes of the correct form;

13. Tempera - paints prepared on the basis of dry powder natural pigments and (or) their synthetic analogues. The binder of tempera paints are emulsions - natural (whole yolk diluted with water). chicken egg, plant juices, rarely - only in frescoes - oil) or artificial (drying oils in an aqueous solution of glue, polymers). Tempera painting is diverse in terms of techniques and texture, it includes both writing thin layer, glazing, and thick impasto writing;

14. Encaustic or wax painting - the technique of painting with paints, the binder of which is wax. During work on the work, the paints are melted. A variety of encaustics is tempera wax painting;

15. Mixed media - a technique that usually involves the use of several technologies or methods in the creation of works in the visual arts: graphic, sculptural and pictorial works.

Quite often, the painter uses such techniques when, in addition to the main material, tempera, oil or acrylic paint, while working on a work, in order to achieve the required effects, expressiveness, he uses other pigment materials as additional ones (he creates them on a different basis); the surface of the work also includes various, organically fitting or creating the required dissonance, uncharacteristic in the usual sense of materials: wooden objects (everyday or designed and created by the artist himself), fragments of matter, leather, parts of various devices and mechanisms.

The main expressive means of decorative painting is color. With its qualities, color affects sensory perception, enhances the emotional impact of the image and determines the wide pictorial and decorative qualities painting. In the works of decorative painting, color forms an integral system - color. Usually one or another series of interrelated colors and their shades is used - colors, although there is also painting in shades of the same color - monochrome.

Color composition is a system of location and relationship of color spots, provides a certain color unity of the work, affects the course of its perception by the viewer, being a part of its artistic structure specific to the work of decorative painting.

Another expressive means of painting - drawing (line and chiaroscuro) - organizes the image rhythmically and compositionally together with color; the line delimits volumes from each other, is often the constructive basis of the pictorial form, allows you to reproduce the outlines of objects in general or in detail, to identify their smallest elements.

The basis for a work of pictorial art (canvas, wood, paper, cardboard, plywood, parchment, stone, plaster and other materials), as a rule, requires preliminary preparation - a primer. The most common type of base on which a work is created was wood and canvas in easel painting, and stone, brick and others in wall painting. Construction Materials. The finished work is protected from external influences with a layer of varnish.

The pictorial and expressive qualities of painting also largely depend on the properties of paints, which are due to the degree of grinding of pigments and the nature of the binders, on the tool the artist works with (brushes, palette knife), on the solvents he uses; the smooth or rough surface of the base and ground (to some extent absorbing the binder) affects the methods of applying paints, the texture of the painting, and the translucent color of the base or ground affects the color; sometimes paint-free parts of the base or ground can play a certain role in the color construction (mainly in watercolor).

The surface of the paint layer of a painting, its texture, is glossy and matte, continuous or intermittent, smooth or uneven. The required color, shade is achieved both by mixing colors on the palette and by glazing; nearby strokes of different colors can, at a certain distance, seem to mix in the eye of the viewer (an optical effect used in pointillism).

The style, peculiarity of the painting technique and the composition of the picture, as well as the interior for which it is intended, affect the format (rectangular, oval or round), and the type of frame that separates the picture from the environment and focuses on the image itself.

The word "Graphics" originates from the Greek "grapho" - I write, I draw.

Graphics is an art based on line, strokes, spots, dots, contrast of white and black. The combination of these tools creates tonal nuances. Graphics allow the use of color, but tonal contrasts remain the main means of expressiveness in graphics. The tasks of drawing have much in common with the tasks of painting, and the boundaries between them are conditional: watercolor, gouache, pastel, tempera can be used to create both pictorial and graphic works in nature. Graphics is much more conventional than painting, it has symbolism and ornamental character. Graphics materials and techniques are varied, but, as a rule, the basis is a paper sheet. The color and texture of the paper play a big role. Colorful materials and techniques are determined by the type of graphics.

Like all types of fine art, graphics can be divided into three types:

1. Monumental - closely related to the architectural ensemble, for example, a poster (monumental printed graphics), wall graphics, cardboard;

2. Easel - performed “on the machine”, having no connection with a specific interior, the purpose and meaning of the work is completely exhausted by the artistic content (drawing, print, popular print);

3. Decorative - book illustrations, postcards, any graphic images on any object that do not have special artistic value, but serve to organize the surface of the object. Also decorative graphics include floristry - compositions created using the fluff of trees, straws and other “living” materials.

Although drawing (as an artistic and expressive means) is used in all types of fine arts, in graphics it is the leading, defining beginning and is used in a purer form.

Drawing - an image made by hand, using graphic tools: lines, strokes and spots. There are numerous varieties of drawing, differing in drawing methods. Topics and genres, technique and character of performance.

“Drawing, which is otherwise called the art of sketching, is the highest point of painting, sculpture, and architecture; drawing is the source and root of all science,” wrote the great Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buanarroti (1475-1564).

The formation of drawing as a special sphere of artistic creativity received in the Renaissance. Drawing served many purposes for artists: to study nature and the techniques of depicting it on a plane, to record observations, impressions, and thoughts. The origins of the drawing appear in the Paleolithic era when murals with images of animals were applied to the walls of caves, sometimes preliminary sketches were made on pebbles and stone slabs. AT ancient egypt you can also see works related to the art of drawing (sketches of sculptures, study studies, sketches for paintings). In ancient times, drawing was preparatory work and illustrations in handwritten books. And only in the Renaissance did the drawing stand out in independent view art. Independent easel drawing reached strength and height in the work of Mantegna.

Graphics as an independent form of art is revealed especially brightly in the works of the masters of the High Renaissance (Italian - Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, northern - Albrecht Dürer). Engraving has been known in China since the 6th-7th centuries. France in the XVI-XVII centuries. famous for pencil drawing. The portrait was especially popular, the artists depicted noble people in pencil. And at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, there was a change in artistic systems, graphics finally took shape as an art form.

Important features of graphics are its relevance, replication and consistent disclosure of ideas in a number of images. These qualities were widely used in propaganda, satirical and political graphics, the rapid development of which falls on the years of major historical events(especially in the 20th century - revolutions, civil war, Second World War). In the XX century. Graphics is developing as a democratic art of great social significance, an appeal to the mass audience.

Drawing techniques:

1. Pen - a tool for drawing with liquid coloring matter (ink, bistre, sepia, ink). Since ancient times, bird feathers (goose, swan, peacock, crow, woodcock, snipe, etc.) have been used, which made it possible to gently change the line thickness and vary hatching methods. In ancient times and in the medieval East, a reed pen (kalam) was used, giving a flexible, plastic line, an energetic stroke. Since the 19th century metal feathers are common, giving a thin, even line. The pen pattern (often in combination with a wash or highlight) is distinguished by a special spontaneity and impulsiveness.

2. Charcoal is a material for drawing, of various sizes, in the form of sticks, which are fired from trees of various species. The rods of various tree species are tied into bundles, tightly closed in clay pots, then placed in an oven, where they are left overnight until they are completely charred (acquisition of a very black tone).

3. Sanguine - a material for drawing, made mainly in the form of sticks from kaolin and iron oxides. The color range of sanguine ranges from brown to close to red. With its help, the tones of the naked human body are well transmitted, so the portraits made by sanguine look very natural. During operation, sanguine can be wetted and thereby diversify the thickness and density of the stroke. Sanguina can be rubbed with a cotton swab on paper to obtain thinner and more transparent layers. Sanguina is good with the grisaille technique (working in different shades of the same color). The technique of drawing from life with the help of sanguine has been known since the Renaissance (Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael). At this time, natural sanguine of mineral origin (“red chalk”) was used in Europe. Modern sanguine is artificial.

General principles for decorating housing with paintings

A diverse range of products offered makes it possible to create a harmonious interior in the apartment, emphasizing the dignity of housing and skillfully disguising the shortcomings. Consumers can choose from photo art, print images on glass or canvas. Classical works written in oil also do not lose their relevance. The key task remains the choice of paintings that corresponds to the general rules for decorating the interior of an apartment.

If you have a difficult decision on the design of a room made in a classical style, you should familiarize yourself with the works of artists in galleries, museums and exhibitions, study albums of paintings. New impressions will help you decide on your favorite technique, direction and genre, suitable for the interior of the apartment. In the future, if you wish, you can buy reproductions of paintings by classics or order a copy.

When choosing paintings for the interior of an apartment, it is important to adhere to the principles of design art:

Advice ! It is preferable to place the paintings on the wall, protected from direct sunlight.

Living room interior

The central place in any apartment is occupied by the living room. A room designed to meet friends, communicate with family and receive guests requires a special design approach. Pictures in the living room will create original interior filled with elegance and comfort. The tasks assigned to the paintings differ in their focus, but ultimately they are designed to create a harmonious environment and evoke positive emotions from being in the living room. In an effort to create a dynamic image, blue and blue shades, which are responsible for activating life flows, will help. In addition to color, the plot and location of the painting are important in the interior of the living room.

When placing the canvas over the sofa, it is important to choose the right size. The optimal ratio in the interior of the width of the frame and the back of the furniture is 1:2. If there are two or three paintings, the free space is 1/3 of the size of the sofa.

In the living room, images of animals and birds, urban and rural landscapes are appropriate. For a high-tech or minimalist interior, abstractions are suitable. Classics welcomes traditional oil painting on canvas. Cherry and brown tones in the interior are combined with the painting of the Renaissance or Renaissance. Seascapes are appropriate on light walls.

What other techniques will allow you to create a dynamic or restrained atmosphere in the apartment? Let's take a closer look at all the tricks of design art:

The effect of stability and fidelity to traditions will be created by symmetrically arranged canvases. Black and white photographs or monochrome paintings will especially enhance the impression of the severity of the interior. The same size will form a business environment more suitable for the office.
Pictures hung asymmetrically bring a sense of dynamism to the interior of the apartment.
If there is free space, several large images are placed at a sufficient distance from each other in an asymmetric position. This will allow you to perceive separately each work of art.
Regardless of the number and size of images, the same frames contribute to the creation of a holistic image.
Paintings do an excellent job of structuring the room. The central location will emphasize the symmetry of the design in the interior of the apartment, and, if necessary, indicate the zoning of space.

The creative inclinations of the hostess will allow the embroidered paintings to be displayed in the interior of the apartment. There are many options for ideas - it can be cross-stitch or satin stitch, recently beaded paintings have been especially popular. Individuality and originality in this case is provided one hundred percent.

Design solutions in the bedroom

For a corner in an apartment intended for a night's rest, it is preferable to choose paintings that can enhance the atmosphere of comfort, coziness and tranquility. Trust your inner feelings, let them materialize in painting. Love flowers - give preference to images of the landscape in the interior of the apartment, admire the majesty of water flows - such a theme will fill the bedroom with positive energy. However, the presence in the interior of paintings that focus on water requires special care when choosing:

To attract financial flows, images of calm rivers and streams are welcome. It is better to refuse seething waterfalls and powerful whirlpools in the bedroom.
A majestic sailboat against the backdrop of a clear sky and white clouds, swinging on the endless water surface, will cause peace and tranquility. Contemplation of works of art evokes pleasant travel dreams and at the same time helps to visually increase the interior space of the apartment.
The storyline in the picture with raging waves, hanging dark clouds and a ship fighting the elements provokes a surge negative emotions, feelings of anxiety and does not give you the opportunity to relax after a busy day in your own apartment.

A few more nuances that should be considered when choosing paintings for the interior of a bedroom in an apartment:

canvases with pastoral motifs or an image of a forest will help to create a peaceful atmosphere;
soft pastel colors provide comfort and coziness in the apartment;
a transparent sky with exotic birds in the picture will bring a romantic touch to the bedroom interior;
Paintings depicting couples in love, portraits, made mainly in black and white, will help to complement the art deco style.
The finished composition of the interior of the apartment will be given by paintings, where the color prevails, combined with the rest of the decor elements - curtains, pillows or bedspreads.

If you are not a supporter of the classical approach to interior design, paintings made in different genres contribute to the realization fresh ideas in design. The desire to emphasize the individuality of the interior in the house will help paintings in the style of kanzashi. The essence of the creative direction lies in the execution of flower arrangements with the help of ribbons and decorating them with beads. Handmade decor always remains at the peak of popularity, allowing the hostess to show off her talents and amaze the guests of the apartment with exquisite taste.

Options for decorating the kitchen and hallway

Pictures selected for the interior of the kitchen should not have historical value and refers to excessively expensive copies. Still, in the living room of an apartment, decoration elements become unusable faster, so it is better to replace them with a fresh sample in a timely manner than to admire a spoiled product. Oil paintings on canvas are best placed under glass. Depending on the interior of the kitchen, the paintings are selected taking into account the following rules:

the predominance of cold and metallic shades is combined with a black and white image;
having a Provence-style kitchen in the apartment, give preference to paintings in yellow;
minimalism in the interior welcomes bright paintings that can become the leading accent in the room;
the combination of the color content of the image with the elements of the apartment's furnishings (chairs, ceiling, curtains) will form a complete image.

Advice ! If the kitchen smoothly flows into the hallway, the paintings for the interior in this part of the apartment are selected in one theme.

The kitchen in the apartment is a great place to unleash the creative potential of the hostess. There are many directions for decorating paintings for the interior with your own hands. Panels are distinguished by originality, for the manufacture of which coffee beans, various cereals, cinnamon, beans and pumpkin seeds are used. To create a masterpiece in the apartment, you will need to cut out the cardboard to the required frame size, cover it with a cloth or process it with wallpaper and form a picture. Having achieved a harmonious arrangement of the elements, you can begin to fix them with glue.

An installation for an apartment made of cutlery will allow you to show ingenuity. Cold metal will organically fit into a strict high-tech interior. In the manufacturing process, care should be taken to securely fasten the components of the picture. To do this, you will need to purchase a gun with silicone glue in the apartment. It is also useful for mosaic paintings. The main elements suitable for the interior of the kitchen are glass and broken tiles, eggshells and rhinestones. Tinting individual details, you can create a kind of decoration for the interior of the apartment, filling it with warmth and comfort. Ideas may not come immediately, accumulate impressions, collect bit by bit the details you like. Over time, this will transform into a harmonious image for the apartment.

Pictures, or rather what is depicted on them, have a powerful impact on the psycho-emotional state of a person. Therefore, choosing a decor for the interior, you first need to decide on the desired effect.

Let's talk about some moments of the selection of paintings on the example of the paintings of the salon "Aurora Interiors", located in the shopping mall "Lanskoy" (section A25) at the address: St. Petersburg, Studencheskaya, 10.

There is a wealth of research proving that rural idylls, pastoral scenes and landscapes help the eye relax. It is good to hang them in those places where the tension is maximum, for example, in the office or in the sports (gym) hall. In addition, it has been proven that rural landscapes raise self-esteem by as much as 20%, compared to having nothing on the wall.

If you need to concentrate, feel free to hang an image of luxurious landscapes and natural beauties above your desktop. They say that for these purposes, the image where there are no traces of a person’s stay works better. However, small wooden platforms or a boat on the lake are also perceived positively.

It is generally accepted that pictures of chaos, destroyed houses, rusty cars will provoke aggression among observers, but this is not entirely true. It turns out that it all depends on the nature of the person. An extrovert, a person, an open world and new experiences, such paintings may appeal to them, even if the topics depicted on them are considered not very pleasant. Introverts will like the expressionist paintings in the spirit of Marianna Verevkina much more, which will return them to a comfortable inner world.

"Career excavator", art. V.P. Yarkin (1972)

Rationalists who are inclined to plan their lives are suitable geometric patterns, and the incomprehensible flight of fancy of the "mad artist" can, on the contrary, cause irritation. Also, rationalists are impressed by the classics, landscapes and still lifes, that is, no acid colors.

Another fashion trend in interior design is lettering, which came from America. These are motivational quotes. Posters with positive affirmations will help sensitive natures to calm down and gather their courage.

In addition to matching the character, the picturesque style, color, and size, as well as the placement and lighting, also matter. If the picture is well chosen, then without it the interior crumbles, the interaction in space disappears, the connecting function can be performed not only by paintings, but also by reliefs and bas-reliefs, sculpture, tapestry, mirror panel and stained glass. It is very important that this decor appears in the process of creating the interior, and not at the very end, when it is time to decorate the walls.

Any picture in the interior is another active color spot that will play a prominent role in the interior. It is important that the color palette of the picture is combined with the surroundings of the room. We also advise you to listen to how this or that color affects your psychological state. Thus, color plays an extremely important role in the works of the Impressionists and Abstractionists, in minimalist non-figurative works.

Experts advise to build the interior around the picture, and not vice versa. It's great if the paintings have already been acquired, and there is something to build on. If you are the owner of a whole collection, you should plan the composition in advance, make some things accents, and some in the background. Plan to the last, think over the color, the composition, how the light will fall - all these little things will help emphasize the beauty of the work of art.

It is rather difficult for a non-specialist to evaluate a painting if it is an antique. But let's try to figure out what are the main pricing factors. First you need to learn about the author and deal with the context of the work. Please note that in art, ratings are taken into account, the total indicators of popularity, skill and creative activity of the author, which also affect the cost of the picture. The technique of performing the work is of great importance, the most accessible types are photography, lottery graphics, simple graphics, followed by painting, sculpture, and installation. If the budget for the purchase of paintings by famous artists is not enough, pay attention to contemporaries, among them there are also future stars.

Self-portrait of the artist R.A. Friedman

When making an impulsive purchase at an exhibition or in an antique store, we are almost always guided by the call of the heart “Like it!”. However, it is one thing to watch a work for a short time, during which it is difficult to feel the strength of its color influence. Quite another - daily contact. In any case, happy shopping and decorating!

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