Water outlet from the floor. At what height to hang the sink in the bathroom. A few important notes

A major overhaul in the bathroom should always be accompanied by a complete replacement of all communications, since each new plumbing fixture has its own dimensions and its own connection scheme.

Pipes are not eternal and have their own service life, so they are usually changed completely with each repair.

What are the pipes in the bathroom?

Pipes of the water supply system that supply hot and cold water to the points of water intake, that is, to those places where the consumer of water is connected. In the bathroom, such points can be:

• Bathroom faucet.
• Shower faucet.
• Washbasin faucet.
• Washing machine.

1. Pipes of the drainage system or sewer pipes. All consumers of the above waters have their own drainage system, to which sewer pipes of a certain diameter are connected.

Stages of bathroom renovation and piping

Bathroom piping is part of overhaul in this room, which is always divided into stages:

Dismantling of old equipment and cladding. At this stage, all plumbing fixtures, tiles are knocked off the walls and sometimes from the floor, all surfaces of the walls, ceiling and floor are completely cleaned of old coatings.

Preparation of surfaces for finishing. At this stage, if necessary, the walls are plastered, a frame is constructed for false ceiling, which is most preferable in the bathroom. The flooring is being updated.

The choice of plumbing fixtures for the bathroom, given its area and dimensions of the fixtures.

Marking and distributing pipes.

Clean finish.

Plumbing installation.

It is this sequence that should be followed when repairing a bathroom. The only point about which disputes do not stop is the need to plaster the walls before laying pipes.

Let us give weighty arguments for the correctness of just such a sequence.

Critical plumbing fixtures such as faucets require very precise installation.

Any owner will be offended when an expensive mixer is installed crookedly.

Installation accuracy is achieved by the fact that the water outlets must be very accurately set both horizontally and vertically, and be flush with the finish coating of the walls - ceramic tiles.

This is much easier to achieve when the surface of the walls is leveled before laying the tiles. The need for plaster disappears only when there is already a perfectly even wall, which happens on objects under construction or when building walls from tongue-and-groove gypsum boards.

After two of the above steps have been completed, you can proceed to the selection and purchase of the necessary plumbing fixtures. Moreover, the purchase is strongly recommended. Why?

The fact is that any plumbing fixture has its own dimensions and its own connection scheme, which can vary greatly. In order to separate the pipes in the bathroom, you need to know exactly the location of the water outlets and sewer connections.

When all the equipment is already in the owner’s apartment, and there is no way back for re-selection (which can be a sin for the beautiful half of humanity), you can safely markup.

When marking, you should be guided by the following rules:

The height of the bathroom faucet should be between 200-230 mm above its top edge, which is approximately 800-830 mm from the level of the finished floor.

The distance between water sockets cold and hot water strictly 150 mm. Hot water supply on the left cold right(this applies to all plumbing fixtures).

The 50 mm sewer pipe inlet must be located on the side of the bath drain at a height of not more than 70 mm from the floor level to the pipe axis.

If the bathtub has a hydromassage or has a built-in faucet, then the location of the water outlets is described in the product data sheet.

When installing a washbasin in a bathroom, a 50 mm sewer inlet should be located at a level of 520-550mm from the floor level on the axis of the washbasin. Water sockets are located at the same level or 50 mm higher, the distance between them is 80-150 mm.

Inlet 40-50 mm sewer pipe for draining water from washing machine should be located at a height of at least 600 mm and not more than 100 mm.

It is very convenient to use a special siphon for draining concealed installation. The location of the water outlet for supplying water to the machine is not regulated, but it is usually located at the same height for convenience.

Pipe selection

After marking, it's time to start choosing the pipes that will be used in the wiring. What should be guided? Which pipes to choose?

Currently, the following types of pipes are used for water supply systems:

After the choice of pipes is made, you can start choosing a wiring system.

Wiring type selection

Marking, chasing and laying

After choosing the type of wiring, you can start marking the pipeline routes. For polypropylene and copper pipes all connections occur at right angles.

And for metal-plastic and cross-linked polyethylene pipes, strobes can be laid with rounded corners.

Strobes can be hollowed out with a puncher, cut with a wall chaser or a grinder with diamond disc by stone. This is the dirtiest and dustiest part of the job.

When laying pipes, it should be noted that it is customary to lay a hot pipe from above, and a cold one from below.

The size of the gate should be such that the pipes can easily fit into the gate with polyethylene foam thermal insulation put on them, which, after bricking, will compensate for the thermal expansion of the pipes.

In the space under the bathroom, it is not at all necessary to ditch the wall for laying pipes, this place is already closed. For fastening pipes in strobes, you can use standard clips, but they take up a lot of space, so dowels and copper wire are often used.

In order to accurately set the water sockets of the bath mixer for all types of pipes, there are special mounting strips, where the pipe outlets are located at a distance of 150 mm. It is recommended to use them.

When laying horizontal sections sewer pipes a slope of 3 cm per 1 meter of length must be observed

When turning 90 degrees, it is better to use two corners of 45 degrees, with the exception of access to plumbing fixtures.

When assembling sewer pipes, do not forget about the cuffs, which should be lubricated with technical petroleum jelly.

Hydraulic testing of pipes

After all the water and sewer pipes have been laid, all the requirements for the placement of water outlets have been met, it is imperative to test the pipeline, or, as experts call it, pressure testing.

Pressurization should take place under high blood pressure at 10 atmospheres using a special press. To do this, all water sockets, except for the farthest one, are closed with plugs (they will then protect the pipes during finishing), a ball valve is screwed into the far water socket.

The system is filled with water, then shut off and a special crimping press is connected to the tap. The valve opens and a pressure of 10 atmospheres is injected in the pipeline using a press (all pressurizers are equipped with pressure gauges).

If the pressure does not drop within a few hours, then the system can be considered airtight and safely bricked up. If not, then you should find the leak, fix the problem and test again.

In the absence of a pressure tester, you can rent it or order this service from plumbers.

CONCLUSION

After pipe laying and hydraulic tests you can start fine finish- Ceramic tiling in the bathroom. Installation of plumbing fixtures should be carried out at the final stage.

Properly done piping in the bathroom using modern pipes and technologies will serve its owner for decades.

Sanitary measures in the home can be divided into three types:

• Works on current repairs, for example, fixing a leaky faucet or removing a blockage in a shower drain;
• Works on replacement of pipes or failed equipment;
• Installation of new plumbing and pipeline communications.

The current repair of plumbing is not regulated by any regulations or standards. However, measures to replace pipes or install a new plumbing equipment necessarily entail the need for coordination with the relevant organizations, which will require strict adherence to the rules for installing plumbing fixtures in accordance with applicable standards.

The motivation of bureaucrats is simple and clear:

• Transfer engineering networks and the installation of plumbing in a new place is called redevelopment, which may entail changes in the configuration and size of the room, requiring changes in the technical passport of the apartment;
• The transfer of plumbing is also a redevelopment.

Naturally, it is easier to do everything according to the letter of the law, then the execution of technical documentation for housing will not cause problems.

• SNiP 2.08.01−89* "Residential buildings";
• SNiP 2.04.05−91* "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning";
• SNiP 3.05.01−85 "Internal sanitary systems";
• SNiP 2.04.01−85* Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings.

The modern market of sanitary equipment is represented by a wide range of bathtubs, showers, sinks and sinks, toilets and bidets, valves and faucets. Despite all the variety of devices in terms of functionality and methods for managing their work, the methods of connecting household sanitary equipment with pipeline apartment communications are completely unified and "subject" to the requirements of GOSTs and SNiPs.

Household plumbing is recommended to be installed after installation engineering communications before finishing premises. Plumbing for the installation of appliances must end with water outlets, which are a mandatory attribute of the water supply system of the home. Water sockets are specially rigidly fixed to protect the water supply from vibrational effects that occur during the operation of connected household plumbing fixtures.

The distance between the axes of the fittings of sockets provided for hot and cold water must be strictly 15 cm.

Instead of sockets, it is allowed to use elbows, tees, couplings or manifolds to connect mixers or other types of taps.

Another generalized requirement for the installation of plumbing fixtures is to ensure free access to equipment, for which SNiPs stipulate dimensions free space near each type of appliance (bath, washbasin, etc.).

The height of the placement of plumbing fixtures is regulated in clause 3.11 and clause 3.15 of SNiP 3.05.01-85 "Internal sanitary systems", and pipe fittings devices are installed in accordance with paragraph 10.5 of SNiP 2.04.01-85 * "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings."

Requirements for the installation of sanitary equipment in the bathroom

Until recently, the only plumbing fixture placed in the bathroom was a small cast iron bath. Now, shower cabins and hydroboxes are installed in the bathroom, they connect to bathroom communications washing machines, winding heated towel rails are placed on the walls of the bathroom. However, the norms of SNiPs, adopted in the last century, have not changed:

• The free space in front of the bath or shower is at least 70 cm (SNiP 2.08.01-89 "Residential buildings");
• The distance between the sink and the bath or shower must be at least 30 cm;
• The space in front of the washbasin must be 70 cm wide and 110 cm long;
• Shower faucets are mounted at a height of 120 cm;
• The shower head is most convenient at a height of 210-225 cm;
• Height installed bath- 60 cm to the top of the board;
• The height of the sink or sink is 85 cm to the top of the side.

The figure shows optimal dimensions to install a washbasin in the bathroom.

Requirements for the installation of sanitary equipment in the bathroom

By analogy with the bathroom in front of the toilet and bidet, there must be a free space of at least 60 cm and 25 cm on each side. The distance between the toilet and the bidet is at least 25 cm.

The height of the toilet without a lid is 38-41 cm from the floor with a length of 60-65 cm.

The variety of offered sanitary products, produced by manufacturers according to their own internal standards, makes observance of the given dimensions irrelevant. However, no one has canceled the requirements of the standards, so the approval of the redevelopment will focus solely on the current standards.

Equipping a bathroom own apartment or at home, we are often interested in the aesthetic side of the issue, while not forgetting about convenience. The design process for this important space is complicated by its small size and increased functional load.

To simplify the placement of the necessary plumbing and appliances during the Soviet era, various GOSTs and SNiPs were developed, which clearly regulated at what height to hang the sink in the bathroom, where to install the toilet bowl or sink.

What determines the standard distance from the floor to the sink?

A sink is a bowl-shaped plumbing fixture that is used inside the bathroom to meet human sanitary and hygienic needs. It can be hung directly on the wall using brackets, cut into and installed on a bedside table or placed on a stand leg. .

Regardless of the installation method of the washbasin, when installing it, the standard height of the washbasin from the floor must be taken into account. This value determines the most comfortable location of the device, convenient for human use.

During the Soviet Union, entire institutes worked in the field of standardization in order to develop uniform norms installation of plumbing in the bathroom.

Attention to detail and years of research have made it possible to determine what is the optimum height for bathroom sinks. This value was determined in accordance with the growth of the average person:

• According to the average height of a Russian woman, it has been experimentally established that the most convenient washbasin height for her is 80-92 cm.
• Considering average height Russian man, we can say that it will be more convenient for the male population of the country to use the sink if it is installed at a distance of 85-102 cm from the floor.

Important! The installation height of the sink is the standard, which is determined by the average simple man. This value indicates the distance from the floor to the top level of the sink. From the correct choice of this parameter depends on how convenient it will be to use this plumbing fixture.

Installation standards

According to SNiP 3.05.01, developed back in the days of the distant 1985, the standard height of the sink in the bathroom is 85 centimeters, while during installation a deviation with a tolerance of 20 mm up or down is allowed.

This value is a compromise between the level of the washbasin, which is convenient for use by men, and women, who are traditionally slightly shorter. That is why most Russian and foreign manufacturers they produce sinks on a pedestal and cabinets with built-in sinks 83-87 centimeters high.

The correct choice of the distance from the floor to the top side of the sink has a significant impact on the comfort of using the plumbing fixture:

1. It depends on whether plumbing fixtures are installed correctly, how convenient it will be for a person to use them. If the sink is set too low, then you will have to bend over when washing, which can cause vertebral pain. If the washbasin, on the contrary, is too high, then children will not be able to use it.
2. The distance between the floor and the sink affect their connection to the water supply and sewerage. As a rule, a water meter is also located under the washbasin, sometimes filters for cleaning and other appliances, the installation of which takes up a lot of space. The need for installation additional equipment should also be taken into account when choosing the level of the washbasin.

Please note! Recently, scientists have noted an increase in the average height of a person, and therefore the generally accepted installation standards and GOSTs become outdated and lose their relevance. In addition, if all household members have high growth, then it would be advisable to increase the height of the plumbing equipment to 95-100 cm, then when using them it will not be necessary to bend over much. Therefore, a purely individual approach is needed to solve this issue.

Special rules

Of course, the standard level of installation is not always suitable, especially inside institutions where there are children. A child is much smaller than an adult, because of this, use the sink standard height 85 cm without a special step or stand, he can not.

Since the use of coasters for access to the washbasin is not always safe, other standards for installing plumbing equipment apply in children's institutions:

• In the territory nursery groups wash basins in kindergartens are installed at a distance of 400 mm from the floor surface.
• On the territory of preschool groups of kindergartens, washbasins are installed at a distance of 500 mm from the floor surface.
• For primary school schools recommend installing sinks at a level of 550-600 mm from the floor surface.
• For middle and high school, schools recommend installing sinks at a height of 650-850 mm from the floor surface.

Note! The bathroom area in standard apartments does not provide for the installation of a separate sink for children, so you have to compromise when choosing the installation height of the main washbasin. In order for the child to use the sink independently, various retractable steps and stands are used. To avoid falling, use them on a non-slippery floor and under adult supervision.

Should you follow the standard?

Most builders, finishers and plumbers are well aware that the standard, optimal height sinks in the bathroom is 85 cm.

These standards were developed and tested in Soviet time, but are still observed, especially when arranging the bathrooms of administrative and commercial buildings. When repairing private apartment if necessary, you can deviate from the generally accepted installation standard if necessary.

In conclusion, I would like to say that inside your apartment, and even more so in a private house, you have the right to install a sink inside the bathroom at any height convenient in specific conditions.

To follow or not to follow the installation standards is up to you. However, years of practice and scientific research confirm that, nevertheless, the height of 85 cm is the most best option for the convenience of all family members, proven over the years.

Video instruction

What dimensions should the sewer outlets have to install different plumbing devices? Dimensions of sewer pipe outlets for connecting plumbing

In past articles, we have reviewed the rules that must be observed when installing plumbing. Now let's figure out what needs to be observed dimensions of sewer pipe outlets.

The shower cabin and the bathtub are connected to the sewerage using a specially designed corrugation and a pipe or tees with a diameter of 50 mm (see photo below). The level of output from the pipe wall with a diameter of 50 mm should be 60 mm (from the level floor tiles to the axis of this pipe):

If this distance goes higher, then you will have to arrange a podium for the bath.

For a washbasin (sink), the height of the sewer from the floor (pipe outlet from the wall) should be 530 ... 550 mm from the level of a clean floor to the axis of the pipe:

For an attached toilet bowl - 180 ... 190 mm (depending on the model):

For a wall-hung toilet - 220 ... 240 mm.

For kitchen sink without chopper - 300 ... 450 mm.

For a kitchen sink with a grinder - 300 ... 400 mm.

For washing and dishwasher– 600…700 mm.

(all distances are given from the level of the unstained floor to the axis of the pipe)

I clarify: the above values ​​\u200b\u200bare common, standard, but with today's variety of firms and models, it is required to be approached personally in each case.

If you want to install some new, exclusive plumbing equipment, then you should first look at the technical map of installation and connecting dimensions specifically for this equipment. This must be done before supplying water and laying gutter- so that you do not have to redo it, therefore it is better to purchase the desired plumbing in advance (if there is a place for storage).

By the way, the sequence of all repair measures depends on the type of bath. If the bath is ordinary, then at first it is installed by itself, and then the room is tiled. If the bathtub is with a hydromassage device, then everything is done the other way around: the bathtub is installed last.

How many bathrooms are needed? If we are talking about an apartment with open plan, then at first it is necessary to impartially assess the dimensions of the place, as well as the locations of the risers, to which all plumbing equipment will be tied. In the standard, it is better to equip two separate bathrooms- guest and host (again, if space permits). In the guest room there will be only a toilet and a sink.

Naturally, the inhabitants living in houses with typical layout, there is no ability to make several bathrooms, so you just need to solve the question: do you really need to bother with the redevelopment of the bathroom, or is it enough to limit yourself to replacing plumbing equipment and cosmetic repairs?

In the following article, there is little more about do-it-yourself plumbing installation in the light of water supply and sewerage design. Namely, about the electronic sockets in the bathroom.

• Unless otherwise noted, all values ​​are from mark clean floor. For example, the value "Sink: 850 mm VK" contains a prescription to install so that the upper edge of the sink (VK; top of the side) is at a height of 850 mm from the surface of the finished floor (covering).
• NK- the value is indicated by bottom edge.
• VK- the value is indicated by top edge (at the top of the side).
• With- the value is given according to the mark of the corresponding axial lines (horizon or vertical).

When did toilet paper appear in Russia?

We think that you will be interested to know the history of toilet paper production in our country. Here is what information was published as part of the TheQuestion project:

“The production of toilet paper in the USSR began only in 1968, when Syassky pulp and paper mill (Leningrad region) supplied two English paper machines. On November 3, 1969, the launch took place, but the first batch of hygiene products ran into zero interest from consumers: Soviet citizens simply did not know what they were intended for. Only after a large-scale advertising campaign (rollers about the toilet paper of the Syassky plant were played before screenings in cinemas) did a real boom begin. A personal hygiene product, so familiar all over the world, instantly became a shortage in the USSR and until the 80s it could only be obtained by standing in a huge queue.

So, the need for a toilet paper holder arose relatively recently.