How to make patina on mdf film. Headsets with patina from MDF and solid wood - a guide to choice. Patina on metals - natural and artificial

Patinated facades have been on the market for a long time kitchen furniture. The technology has been studied and applied in many factories. But the patina effect different manufacturers completely different!

On our furniture factory patina is applied only to the PVC film applied by vacuum method on the MDF facade with milling.

We carried out a number of experiments on the choice of PVC film, the choice of patina, varnish, and we chose the highest quality materials.

PVC film for patination of German-made kitchen facades is thicker than standard films and more structured. The deep texture of the film allows the patina to penetrate deep into the layers and visually the effect of antiquity looks more realistic.

We use PVC film in three colors: BLACK - CREAM - WHITE

After the facades are prepared and passed the quality control after the PVC film application area, patina will be applied to them.

Patina is used in two types: patina SILVER and patina GOLD

Patina application - completely handmade!!! The patina is applied to the film and also cleaned manually according to the milling and structure of the film. After the patina has dried, the facades are covered with a matte varnish. Matte varnish is additional protection facade from damage, and also enhances the effect of antiquity.

MDF facades with PVC film cream milling "Karina" patina gold:

MDF facades with PVC film cream milling "Rectangle" patina gold:

Facades made of MDF with PVC film white milling "Athena" patina gold and patina silver:

Facades made of MDF with PVC film of black milling "Rectangle", "Karina" patina gold and patina silver:

The manufacturing technology of patinated MDF facades, only at first glance, is complex and exclusive. In fact, it is not difficult at all. The only thing, technological process patination MDF requires a certain amount of time and proven skills of the master. But experience is easy to acquire in the process of work, you only need a general knowledge of the very principle and process of manufacturing patinated MDF facades.

You can write a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of patinated MDF, so I won’t do it. Everyone will decide this question for himself, based on his preferences. Let's talk about the production technology of these very patinated facades, i.e. facades with applied artificial aging effect.

In this article I will make an attempt to slightly open and scientifically describe all the details of how patinated mdf.

MDF patination technology.

Basis for the patinated facade.

The most common MDF one-sided MDF board with a thickness of 16, 18 or 19 mm is used as the basis for the patinated MDF facade. The most commonly used thickness is 16 mm. MDF is sold in sheets measuring 2800 x 2070 mm.

On one side it is laminated with a white coating, on the other side and on the ends - an open MDF structure.

MDF (English Medium Density Fiberboard) - medium density fibreboard.

The basis is prepared according to the usual technology for the manufacture of conventional film MDF facades. Let me briefly remind you of the technology for manufacturing film MDF facades.

1 . From the plate, on a furniture cutting machine, facade blanks of the desired size are cut.
2 . Items are sent to CNC milling machine , to give the facades the desired pattern. Instead of CNC, you can also use a conventional milling and copying machine with a set of templates of the required profile. But, milling CNC machines allow you to create complex drawings, reliefs in three-dimensional form. Facades with complex patterns are ideal for patination.
3 . After milling, the details of the facades are covered with a thin layer of glue from a spray gun. Then they go to lamination with conventional PVC films. This is done on a special thermal vacuum press.

Finished regular film MDF facades.

At the end of this familiar process, MDF facades are sent for patination.

Patination or patina- giving the effect of aging to a new surface. It has always been customary to give a similar effect only natural material such as wood or metal. But some effects are achievable on artificial surfaces or coatings, in particular on MDF facades.

Patinated MDF looks especially good with a film imitating the texture of natural wood with a complex profile of end milling and imitation of a panel. Qualitatively and creatively made patinated facades are able to bring down the table even experienced furniture maker, which can easily take them for made from natural materials. Gives out such facades - the reverse side, since on the reverse side mdf plate laminated with white film. Covering the reverse side of the facade decorative films with subsequent patination is not economically justified at all, and it is not necessary at all.

patination process furniture mdf facades.

1. Applying an insulator. With the help of a spray gun mdf surface facade is applied layer of adhesive barrier-soil (insulator). It should be a special barrier primer for laminated surfaces. Apply in a very thin layer.

Example: Two-component polyurethane adhesive barrier primer for laminated paper TR 5008 from Sayerlack. It is used to ensure adhesion to melamine paper and other hard-to-paint surfaces.

2. The second layer of polyurethane primer. It is recommended to use a colorless polyurethane primer for this layer.

Example: colorless primer for MDF TU100 by Sayerlack. Such a primer dries quickly and can be sanded in half an hour.

3. Fine grinding second layer of soil.

4. Application of patina. For this stage of creating a patinated facade, special coatings are used, which are called patina. Or LKM (varnishes and varnishes) for special effects.

Examples: Sayerlack coatings. IF 427 - metallic effect coating; IF 490 - Cracolet; IF 425 - effect of gilding; IF 415/13 - mother-of-pearl effect; IF 501 - leather effect coating: XT 418 - textural effect and many others.

5. Patina processing. Patina processing occurs in various ways, which depend on what kind of effect you want to achieve. It can be a washcloth made of metal shavings or fishing line, scrapers, a piece of foam rubber.

On these technological stages(4 and 5) stop a little lower.

6. Lacquering. The created effect after all must be fixed and protected from external influences. To do this, use a glossy or matte polyurethane varnish.

Example: varnishes from Sayerlack. TZ 62 - matt lacquer; TL 345 - high gloss varnish; TZ 29 - medium economy class lacquer. The varnish is applied with a spray gun in one or two layers. Most often these are just two thin layers without intermediate grinding.

Of course, the Sayerlack paintwork materials presented as an example are not at all fundamental. For patination mdf you can use paintwork materials and other manufacturers with similar parameters. At the same time, the use of polyurethane primers and varnishes is also not very necessary. Everyone can choose for their purposes, their own complex of coatings, which, for objective reasons, is more convenient or accessible to him. It is also quite possible to use paintwork materials based on acrylic.

List of some companies producing varnishes and patinating compositions:

1. RENNER, Italy. LKM.
2. Sayerlack, Italy. LKM.
3. BORMA WACHS, Italy. Materials for gilding and restoration.
4. VOTTELER, Germany. LKM, VISh-stains on the basis of solvent.
5. Maimeri, Italy. Decoupage varnishes, patenting compositions, craquelure varnishes.
6. HESSE, Germany. Coatings, patinas. (most not expensive materials and the largest selection).
7. I.C.A. (Industria Chimica Adriatica) Italy. LKM, patinating compositions. (fastest drying at room temperature).
8. white wall, Russia. LKM series "COLORICCI". domestic manufacturer.
9. Creall, The Netherlands. Craquelure varnishes, grouts. Special acrylic materials for effects.

Patina application. patination effects.

The fourth and fifth stages of the process of patinating MDF facades, the most creative of all. A lot has been written about patination on the Internet, full of master classes, videos, etc. There are a million + 1 patination effects. Firms that produce a patinated facade, as a rule, select one or two simple techniques and use them in their production.

Describing all methods of applying patina is not the concern of this article. Here I will just try to describe a couple of the most used methods. how to patinate mdf.

Method 1. Simplest.

On the prepared facade, lined with a textured film under wood, a layer of patina is applied, which, after drying, is polished with an ordinary washcloth (kitchen mesh) made of metal shavings or fishing line. You can use sandpaper, but its use requires high skill. The more intense the grinding, the more pronounced the effect of aging. The color of the patina can be selected empirically. For a simple effect of old varnish or wood, it is better to use a patina that is quite a bit darker or lighter in tone than the background.

For this method, MDF facades with complex milling and lined with wood-like PVC films with texture imitating pores natural wood(i.e. micro-depressions on the film texture). With this method of patination, it is better to use glossy varnishes that emphasize and highlight the effect, give it depth.

Method 2. Contrasting patina.

Used in conjunction with the first method of patination. The goal is to highlight areas of the milled pattern. To achieve this, gilding, silvering, darkening imitation of joints, etc. are usually used. To do this, use patinating compositions with the effect of gold, silver, copper, etc. The compositions are applied to the primed surface with a brush or sponge, rubbed into the milling elements. Surplus is removed. A thin main layer of patina is applied on top, which is also processed according to (method 1). The effect is fixed with a matte varnish. In general, in the case of gilding or silvering, it is better to use matte varnishes, since glossy ones in this case do not look quite appropriate.

Method 3. Crackle effect or technology for creating craquelure on a varnish surface.

Craquelure(fr. craquelure) - cracks in the paint layer or varnish, which appear during the aging of paintwork materials over time. Creation of the "crackle" effect - accelerated creation of craquelure on the surface of paintwork materials with special varnishes. This method is used in conjunction with the first or with all of both, the only feature is that the layer of craquelure varnish is applied first and only then, after drying, the rest of the patina is applied. There are several techniques for patination with a crackle effect. I will describe only the one that is used most often.

Crackle technique with patinated grout. Apply the first layer of craquelure varnish, After about half an hour, when the layer dries "to the touch", apply a second layer. The depth and effect of cracks depend on the thickness of the layers. To speed up the drying of the second layer and for faster cracking, drying can be done with a hair dryer. After the varnish dries and cracks form, we rub a contrasting grout into them (gold or aluminum powder, a patina of much darker or lighter tones than the background), removing the excess. Craquelure varnish is not strong, and the cracks are quite fragile, so the whole effect must be fixed with a surface layer of varnish. You can first cover the facade with applied craquelures with a general layer of patina (as in method No. 1), or you can immediately apply the finishing layer of varnish. But it is preferable to apply the finish after the general patination on top of the craquelure.

Craquelure varnishes applied by spray, brush or swab. By spraying varnish, the entire surface is covered with craquelure, while chiseled application with a brush or swabs allows you to create more complex effects by highlighting specific areas of the facade. Several layers of varnish can be applied in sections, for example, to cover the entire facade with a thin layer, and apply additional layers only in the corners. This will create more realistic effect uneven cracks.

These were the main patination methods. There are a great many methods, and their nuances are even greater. There are velveteen, pearl, marbling, metal grain, wormhole, magnetic, leather, mother-of-pearl, droplets and many more. All information about these effects can be found on the net, especially where they are described decoupage techniques.

Can be copied with reference to the source and an active indexed hyperlink to the site

In its original meaning, patina meant an oxide film on a copper product of green (malachite) or bluish (azurite) color. Later, they also began to call any kind of plaque that appears under the influence of time on the surface of metal or wood.

Today, patina also means the effect of aging, which is so fashionable in the design of furniture and kitchen utensils.

Any material other than gold and platinum interacts to some extent with oxygen and moisture in the air. In some cases, the effect appears very quickly - for example, the rusting of iron; in others, the process stretches for long years, as in the case of a green patina on copper, a silver patina, that is, blackening, and so on.

Oddly enough, the presence of such a coating, if the coating does not affect the characteristics of the product and does not destroy it, is not only not destroyed, but is often welcomed. After all, this noble plaque, thanks to color transitions, emphasizes the beauty of carving and forging, volumetric texture or indicates the age of the object, which involuntarily translates living room furniture or other product into the category of rare or at least antique. The result is an artificial patina. Get it, of course, in other ways.

Wood patination

Plaque on a tree often does not mean anything good, because it appears when it is affected by fungi or rot. However, on wood high density and hardness, insensitive to water - for example, oak, white or dark patina becomes an indication of antiquity.

Furniture is often subjected to artificial patination, since it is very difficult to obtain a natural coating. For best effect it is necessary to combine chemical and mechanical methods.

In the photo - furniture in the living room made of oak with a golden patina.

Varieties of patina for wood

For a tree, several compositions are used. The latter are purchased in hardware stores.

• Thick patina - in the form of a paste, usually two-component. Usually light brown, reddish or golden hues are obtained in this way. For the effect of gilding, the basis is the natural color of the tree - the same oak, for example.
• Liquid - in fact, this is a special varnish, which gives the wood a light yellow or golden hue inherent in old oak or ash.
• Facet varnish is not quite a patina, rather, the effect of antiquity based on cracking. After drying, the varnish is covered with the thinnest cracks, as happens on a very old tree.

Types of coatings can be combined to get more interesting effects.

patination methods

The technology is almost the same for all methods, differing only in the number of layers of paint or varnish.

Patina on metals - natural and artificial

Metal products in the interior of a living room or bedroom are not so common and are usually small and decorative items: chandeliers, sconces, coasters, candlesticks, and more. Although the new product has a bright luster and beautiful color wishing to give them less modern look, there is a lot. And since it takes a long time to wait until such an effect is achieved naturally, they resort to the use of chemicals.

Varieties of patina

Colors and type of film on different metals at different conditions differ and are very noticeable.

• The effect of aging on silver looks most attractive. This metal is rather inert, and the film usually occurs when it reacts with sulfur, creating iridescent shades from light yellow to crimson and turquoise. Black patina occurs when exposed to amino acids and chlorides. A wild variety of this kind is unattractive: the film is rough, protrudes above the surface. But the blackening of silver gives the product a rare elegance.
• Gold is a noble metal and practically does not enter into the reaction. However, if the alloy contains copper or nickel, light brown or orange spots may develop over time. Much more designers are attracted by the imitation of a patinated surface based on gold color. The effect is purely decorative and is created with gold-colored paint, and it is possible to realize a patina on metal and on wood - for example, on oak wood.
• Most often in the living room they encounter copper and bronze items, sometimes iron items, if we are talking about a loft-style living room. On copper, a green and blue film is due to the deposition of chlorides, copper acetate, black - the formation of oxide or sulfite.

The red patina is also formed by chlorine salts, but is usually formed artificially. Brown patina appears when exposed to ammonium salts. For copper, almost all types of deposits are relatively safe, which turns copper Forged Products into a superb decor for the living room.

• But for bronze, green and blue coatings are dangerous. Noble patina for the alloy is only a black film. Artificially, they are achieved by bluing - oil treatment and calcination in copper filings.

patination methods

There are many ways to give a metal product an antique look. However, all of them involve the use of chemically aggressive substances, therefore, they are implemented with caution.

The most famous and universal is patination with sulfuric liver. The composition is made by mixing 1 part of sulfur in the form of powder and 2 parts of potash and calcining them on fire. As a result, sulfuric liver is obtained - a mass Brown which can be stored in a glass jar.

• An aqueous solution is prepared from the substance (the concentration depends on the purpose) and embossed and protruding parts are treated with it, as well as those that should undergo the greatest wear over time. Color can be obtained from light gold on bronze to blue and black on copper and silver.
• Aqueous solution 1 share blue vitriol and 1 share of zinc chloride allows you to get the effect of aging red or brown.
• A black film is formed when exposed to ammonium sulfide. Here, however, there are also difficulties: the solution has a very strong smell so patination should be carried out in a fume hood.
• Ready-made bituminous patina can help out those who do not want to make mixtures on their own. The solution is prepared on the basis of an organic solvent, and after patination oil treatment is carried out. The color of the plaque is light brown. The mixture can be used on gold items if they want to give them an old look.

Decorative patina

Here the whole process of patination comes down to coloring the relief areas of the metal or wooden product. Used for this acrylic patina, soluble in water. It is applied with a brush or sponge to the protruding places and shaded. Its advantage over acrylic paint is that the composition dries not so fast and allows you to create a feeling of naturalness.

Wax, oil and other types are also used. They are less common because they are more difficult to apply.

Usually before patination hardware painted, not just primed. And if golden patination is chosen, then the base paint is preferably dark.

Wooden furniture is painted if they want to make the patina as contrasting as possible - for example, when creating the effect of gilding on oak. Or in the case when the painting of surfaces is part of the design: for example, in a country style with patina, as in the next photo.

Patina is not just a metal or wood-based finish imitating antiquity. This is the most beautiful decorative reception, which allows you to emphasize the texture of the product and the beauty of the outlines.

The classic old kitchen looks elegant and unique. Light cracks, golden inclusions in the decor, slightly touched by the aging of the facades - all this looks very charming and unusual. This is a retro style that will never go out of fashion, as it does not obey any newfangled trends and design trends.

What is patina

All these unusual cracks, color and tint overflows, an unusually spectacular appearance, saturated with antiquity and the wisdom of generations, is called patina. The technology of patination was known in the ancient East. Initially, patina was called an oxide film, which, when certain conditions rather quickly remained on bronze and copper items, transforming their appearance and increasing their value.

Later, the term patina was applied to wood and porcelain products. In this case, these were precisely the signs of temporary aging - a web of light cracks that gave the product a more refined look. Unlike metal, where an oxide film could form rather quickly (for example, in a humid environment), with natural wood and porcelain was more difficult - it took decades for the noble signs of aging to begin to appear on their surface.

Thanks to modern technologies patination, there is no need to wait for many years for the manifestation of the desired effect - the natural process is many times accelerated. Modern patination is the artificial aging of new products due to the application of a special composition to their surface.

Ability to use technology at home

Previously, with the help of patination, only natural wood and metal products could be artificially aged. To date, such an opportunity has appeared for MDF, which has significantly expanded the spread of technology in kitchen interiors. Many manufacturers sell with silver, gold or black patina, which look very extravagant and spectacular.

Is it possible to apply the technology at home on your own, because at first glance it is quite complicated? Definitely possible! In this case, the first impression is misleading and the complexity of the technology is greatly exaggerated. Probably because of the amazing end result. Exist great amount master classes in today's trendy hand made direction, where all stages of the process are described in detail. There are entire groups and forums where users share tips and tricks, help each other and teach beginners the art of patination.

To begin with, it is worth choosing an object for experiments. They will be the MDF facade from the kitchen cabinet.

We select tools and materials

For quick and effective aging of our MDF facade, we do not need specialized tools and accessories. Everything is bought in hardware store, and the cost of a set of tools for patination will be inexpensive. List of materials and tools that you will need to apply patina on the facade at home:

• directly, himself kitchen MDF facade. You can buy a new one at the construction market, or you can unscrew any door from your kitchen set;
• spray;
• paint brushes of different thickness;
• metal washcloth for washing dishes;
• polyurethane primer (colorless);
• insulator (ground barrier);
• coating for applying special effects (it's patina);
• clear topcoat;
• protective equipment (gloves, goggles).

Stages of work

So, when we have prepared everything for work, we can begin. The patination process is not complicated, but it requires strict adherence to the steps and a little attention.

Stages of technology or step by step instructions:

• clean the surface from dust and other contaminants;
• apply the insulator with a spray gun. We need to apply the most uniform thin layer. Hand tool the type of brushes and rollers cannot be used here;
• after the barrier primer has dried, a colorless polyurethane base should be applied. This primer-base dries for about half an hour;
• polishing with metal mesh for dish washing;
• put on a patina. There are several methods of applying it, each of them has its own result at the finish line. We will consider the application methods in more detail below;
• final sanding. Depending on the technology of applying the patina, the type of grinding will depend;
• we open ready product colorless varnish to keep the result for a long time. Think in advance what kind of facade you would like to get - glossy or matte. Based on this, select the appropriate varnish.

Types and methods of applying patina

There are several do-it-yourself patination technologies. We will look at the three most common ways:

• applying the method of intensive grinding, at the output we get a uniformly aged surface. To do this, it is necessary after applying the patina with uniform movements using a metal mesh for washing dishes. It is its cellular structure that will create a unique uniform effect of aging. Some use sandpaper different graininess. This grinding method can allow you to choose experienced craftsmen, given the difficulty of grinding with emery. When choosing the color of the patina, it should be selected as much as possible in contrast. The resulting effect will then be very noticeable;
• the way of highlighting certain segments of the facade is also very popular. It will be very relevant for frame facades or surfaces that have undergone milling. The essence of the method is very simple: we select the desired color of the patina (gilding or silvering is often chosen) and apply it with a brush to the desired area. Gently wipe off excess with a sponge. After a little grinding. Experts advise using matte varnish, which is ideal for gold or silver. If you apply gloss, then instead of "noble antiquity" we risk getting a "circus poster" with bright effects that are inappropriate in this case;
• the third method is called the "crackle effect". It is not inferior in popularity to the first two options. When patinating the surface in this way, we get the effect of cracks and peeling of the coating at the output. This method can be combined with any of the previously described. The secret lies in applying special varnishes to the base before patinating it. To begin with, the first layer of varnish is applied, and when it dries, the second. Both components begin to interact and create micropores and microcracks inside the varnish. A better effect will be obtained if you speed up the drying of the layers of varnish using building hair dryer. A patinating composition is applied to the formed cracks with a roller to obtain individual patterns or with a spray gun for a uniform, uniform pattern. It is worth remembering that after patination, to fix the crackle effect, it is worth immediately applying a protective layer of varnish.

Summing up

In this way, following a simple instruction and choosing one of the patination methods, you can achieve the desired result. As mentioned earlier, the technology is not much more complicated, but it requires attention and perseverance. Do not worry if the first time you do not get the same effect as you saw in an expensive kitchen salon. Do not forget that there the facades are patinated by an automatic machine into which the operator enters the necessary settings. More practice and you'll be fine.

The main thing is that now at home you can create the effect of aging for ordinary MDF facades, giving the kitchen a completely new sophisticated look. Just do not forget that patinated facades will look perfect in a classic-style kitchen. The use of patina in kitchens of modern style is unacceptable from an aesthetic point of view.

Take a closer look at the sets with patina if you want to decorate the interior of your kitchen in the style of a classic, Provence, Mediterranean, shabby chic or country. For you - important tips by choice and real photo kitchen sets with patinated facades.

Patina is special decorative coating which helps to age beautifully kitchen facades. There are many patination technologies, and the effect is different. Classical kitchens in the "palace" style after such processing look aristocratic, solemn and elegant. Sets in Provence or country style acquire the charm of shabby furniture "with history" that will fill your home with warmth, charm and comfort.

How kitchen facades are patinated

Patina coating is the final stage of finishing the doors of the future headset. Solid wood facades are first tinted or painted, and MDF doors are covered with veneer, enamel or PVC film.

Then the surface is covered with a transparent primer and a patinating composition is applied. Facades are wiped with a soft or hard sponge, a metal washcloth or a scraper - the processing technique depends on the effect that you want to achieve. The more intense the sanding, the “older” and more textured your kitchen will appear.

After patina treatment, several layers of matte or glossy varnish are applied (usually polyurethane, it better protects the kitchen from moisture).

Choosing the patina color and decorative effect

The choice of shade depends on the color of the facade and the design of the kitchen set. In any salon where you can order a kitchen in classical style, you will be offered a gold or silver patina. But you can choose other shades - white, black, brown, gray, yellow, etc.

• Gold and silver patina is a universal option, but it looks best on a white or black kitchen, as well as on light wood sets. White finish looks impressive on dark facades, black, gray, brown or yellow - on light ones.
• In combination with a gold or silver patina, a matte lacquer looks better than a glossy one.
• When ordering a kitchen with antique facades, ask the manufacturer what method of patination they use. Doors look more natural decorative composition which were applied unevenly and in several passes.
• If you want to classic cuisine with a delicate effect of old wood, choose a patina slightly darker or slightly lighter tone facades and glossy varnish. This finishing method is often used for kitchens with complex milling. Gold or silver plating on them would look redundant.
• Highlight carved patterns contrasting patina will help on the facades - under gold, silver, copper, bronze. First, the composition is rubbed into the milling elements, for example, at the corners or at the junctions of the frame and the panel, and only then a thin base layer is applied and evenly distributed over the surface of the door.
• When ordering a Provence or Shabby Chic kitchen, you can choose facades with a crackle or craquelure effect. Such doors are covered with a special craquelure varnish. When it dries, it becomes covered with small cracks - just like old paint. Then, carefully, so as not to damage the fragile effect of craquelure, a contrasting patina is rubbed into them, and at the end they protect finishing layer varnish.

Coating examples different colors look at the photo below:

1. Kitchens with patinated facades are usually made to order. The most inexpensive are economy class kitchens made of MDF with PVC film. The patina finish looks great on woodgrain decors with a slight embossing that imitates the texture of natural wood. The most popular colors are oak, bleached oak, ash and white ash.
2. Film facades with end milling and panel imitation look spectacular. The film is very plastic and tightly fits even the most complex pattern. MDF lends itself perfectly to milling. The layer of patina gives the carving additional volume, emphasizes the rhythm of the pattern and sets off the woody pattern.
3. Keep in mind: the most inexpensive headsets are with straight blank facades. Radius doors, glass inserts and grates will make the kitchen much more expensive. Therefore, if your budget for buying a kitchen is limited, choose a headset project with the simplest possible design.
4. An average-priced option is a kitchen made of veneered MDF. Distinguish veneer from solid wood appearance almost impossible. In some models, veneered facades, like wooden ones, are painted and tinted.
5. The most expensive are patinated kitchens, the facades of which are made of solid oak, beech, ash and others. hard rock wood. The surface of the tree is tinted or painted with matte enamel in neutral or pastel colors.
6. To make artificially aged doors more textured, they are brushed - soft wood fibers are removed with a special brush. Characteristic irregularities remain on the surface of the facades, which are very effectively filled with a patinating composition.
7. A good option in terms of price-quality-practicality - kitchen set with combined facades. The frame is made of solid wood, the insert is made of veneered MDF or glass (transparent, frosted or stained glass).
8. Pine kitchens are much cheaper than hardwood cabinets. But pine is a soft wood, so they are less practical and durable. Interesting and inexpensive models headsets in the styles of classic, country and Provence can be found at Belarusian manufacturers solid wood furniture.

20 photos of bright kitchens with patina

15 photos of colored kitchens with patinated facades