Clamps quick-clamping with your own hands. How to make clamps from wood, plywood, metal. Angle clamp made of metal

In the process of woodworking, in most cases, a joiner's clamp is indispensable. Whether it is necessary to glue wooden blanks, fix a sheet, board, slab during cutting - a clamp will definitely be needed. There are similar products on sale, but, according to reviews experienced craftsmen, they are characterized by two significant drawbacks - a limitation in size and low strength, since soft metals (alloys) are mainly used for their production in order to reduce costs.

Those who have to work with wood quite often prefer homemade carpentry clamps. How to make such a device with your own hands, what to pay attention to and take into account - this is described in the article.

There are many modifications of carpentry clamps - angular, G-shaped, edge, universal. Some are used for permanent work with various blanks (by area, thickness), others are made for a specific technological operation (for one-time use).

The author considers it appropriate to dwell only on those that are most often used by "home craftsmen". If the principle of their functioning becomes clear, then with your own hands you will be able to make any kind of carpentry clamp, according to your own requests. Unless, of course, "turn on" the fantasy and think carefully.

The author deliberately does not indicate the linear dimensions of the clamps. One of the advantages of their self-manufacturing consists in the possibility of an arbitrary choice of the shape and dimensions of carpentry clamps. There is no standard for such devices. And it is hardly advisable for a person who is accustomed (and knows how) to do everything with his own hands to “chew” elementary things. The main thing is to give an idea, to “suggest an idea”, and everything else is at your own discretion.

Option number 1

The simplest modification of the clamp. It is done quite quickly, but the use of such a joiner's clamp is somewhat limited. Although in most cases, when working with small-sized samples, it is quite enough.

The frame of a hacksaw for metal is taken as the basis of the device. The fastening elements of the canvas are replaced by long threaded rods, at one end of which there is an iron “patch” (as an option - a nut), at the other - either a removable handle, or a cap for an open-end wrench.

Since the frame can be adjusted in length, such a clamp will allow you to fix the workpieces different thickness. It is mainly used when gluing parts (), since the body of the fixture itself cannot be fixed on any surface. The only thing to consider is that if the frame is collapsible (the old modification of the “hacksaw”), then you will have to put a “tire” at the bend (for example, wrap it with adhesive tape). In operation, such a clamp is not entirely convenient, but in the absence of something more suitable, it is a good solution to the problem.

Option number 2

Also pretty simple model clamps. It is done by hand relatively quickly. The device of the device is clear from the figure. All you need is a metal corner and a couple of long screws or threaded rods.

If you make several of these clamps, then with their help it will be possible to perform various carpentry work. For example, glue long workpieces. To do this, it is enough to set the clamps at a certain interval, and lay between the stops and the processed sample metal strips or slats of hardwood. Alternatively, fix the assembly on a workbench. The same applies to cutting blanks.

Before sawing, they are fixed on the tabletop, and their immobility will be guaranteed. This design can be modified by welding metal plates to the corners. This significantly increases the clamping area.

Essentially, for domestic use this modification of the joiner's clamp is one of the best. Experienced craftsmen always have a ready-made set of several devices with different dimensions at hand. Depending on the specifics of the work, you may need a clamping device from a corner either 25 or 45.

The versatility of such a modification is that it is made of metal, therefore, it is characterized by sufficient strength. Unlike wooden clamps, here you can adjust the clamping force in a wide range, and work not only with wood, but also with other materials - glass, plastics, and iron. What in everyday life and often have to do.

This design can be somewhat modified. For example, when processing logs at a mini-sawmill (cutting into boards, sawing), they must also be fixed. In this case, an improved modification of such a carpentry clamp is suitable. It is enough to take strip iron as its basis, at the ends of which to weld the same corners.

Varieties and modifications

Here are a few more types of carpentry clamps. All these clamps are easy to assemble with your own hands.

The question is different - how expedient is it to use wood as a starting material? There are arguments both for and against. But if a tree is chosen for the base of a joiner's clamp, then it must meet certain criteria.

• The breed is only hard (pear, oak, walnut and the like). Otherwise, there is no need to talk about any clamping force. And the durability of the clamp of their “soft” wood raises certain doubts.
• Humidity is minimal. Only after high-quality drying of the material can it be used for the manufacture of clamping parts.

Good luck, reader, in making your own clamp. Do not be afraid to fantasize, and everything will work out for you!

The angle clamp and other models of this device are auxiliary tools that are necessary for fixing parts during their processing or for tightly compressing parts together, for example, during gluing.

Carpentry clamps are made from metal and wood. Some elements for non-stationary fasteners can also be called clamps, but this is not true. Meat grinders have a similar fixation, table lamps, vise and the like. The main difference between the clamp is that, having installed it on the surface, you can work with both hands, although recently models have appeared that allow you to use only one hand.

There is a type of these devices, which are called lever. They differ in that they are based not only on a system of axles, but also on levers. Often they are called clamps or clamps, as well as quick-clamping devices, systems for quick fixation. You just need to make a little effort, and a decent one is instantly created. clamping force. In order to quickly fix the part, it will only be necessary to perform one movement - move the clamping handle. The simplest manual clamp consists of a main frame or bracket and movable elements with clamps, it can be either a screw or a lever. Its purpose is not only to fix the moving part, but also to adjust the compression force.

The main difference between different models of clamps lies in their mechanism. Therefore, such classes are often distinguished:

• screw;
• mounting;
• angular;
• quick-clamping;
• manual.

When choosing this tool, you need to pay attention to the working stroke, as well as the distance that the clamp elements can move apart. The most practical are those devices that have the highest listed indicators. With larger parameters, you can use larger parts in your work, the dimensions may vary according to different models from 20 to 350 mm. Now let's say a few words about each type of clamp.

Screw devices differ in that they have a screw, and the handle has T-shaped view. During the rotation of the handle, the sponges begin to compress, while rotating in the opposite direction, they decompress. Such clamps are often used to fix pipes in work with plumbing fixtures. Angle clamp is used to support workpieces at right angles. It can be a variety of locksmith work. They are considered very durable because duralumin is used for their production, and they are convenient for locksmith work because they have special mounting holes so that you can.

The design of such clamps is good for holding frame elements or corners, as well as other similar parts while gluing them.

Mounting clamp is designed to fix and clamp reinforced concrete slabs and other materials that are used in the construction of buildings or structures. For this work, clamps are made of especially durable metals. This allows them to be used for fixing structures with heavy weight during construction or repair work. Although she performs complex and responsible work, such a clamp has a very simple design, the drawing clearly indicates this. It is considered the most reliable.

Workers without special qualifications will be able to cope with its use and repair. More this species fixtures are used to secure pipes and other communication elements. With their help, you can well fix round or oval parts with different diameters. The main difference between this type of clamps is several attachment points, so working with them will provide reliable connection pieces of pipeline, and the structure will be well prepared for welding.

Quick clamps called the most efficient. Often, when working with parts, there are cases of their displacement due to force. It is good if the reaction works instantly, and you can move the clamp handle by hand and fix it more securely. Therefore, quick-clamp clamps have pads attached, and the system of axles and levers allows you to work on the clamp with only one hand.

A manual clamp is also called a spring clamp. It has two handles, and if they are moved apart, then the main clamping parts will also instantly move apart, and when performing the reverse actions, they will come together and fix any object. Due to the existing spring mechanism, the user's efforts are greatly facilitated. This type of clamp is used when you need to glue small parts or hold small items from non-solid materials: from cardboard, wood, plastic. In addition to the main types of clamps, there are also unique or highly specialized ones. There are also a lot of them, the following options are often found: cam, wedge, angular, with deep grooves, special for chairs.

How to make a clamp - we create the tool ourselves

If you want your own clamp to help you in your work, with our own hands we will try to make an option that has the simplest design.

Step 1: Picking the Parts

Before you start assembling this device, you need to see if there is home pantry all you need. For manufacturing, you need: a pair of studs, where the thread is about two hundred millimeters long and about five millimeters in diameter; a pair of studs, where the cross section is the same as for the first, and the length is about 120 mm; nuts right size; a pair of plywood boards measuring 15x150x200 mm; a pair of rails measuring 20x40x240 mm (it is advisable to use bars made of non-soft wood).

Step 2: Assemble the base

Homemade clamps, as a rule, are mounted on the surface of the desktop. Therefore, bars are taken that are prepared for fastening. A pair of holes are drilled on them so that the nuts with the studs are very tightly pressed against each other. In order for the fixture to be stable and durable, the lower bar must be placed tightly on a horizontal plane, that is, flat, and the upper bar should be placed on the contrary with an edge to the tabletop. Then you need to install plywood boards and attach a bar to them, which will be attached to the surface of the table. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the lower edge of the boards is at least 3 cm lower than the bar. All these elements, and there are three of them, are drilled through. They will be needed to insert the studs a little later.

Step 3: Making the Clamp

One plank must be firmly fixed to the bottom bar. The second board will act as a clamp. This design will grip using a movable plywood strip, and with the help of short studs, the clamp will be attached to the table surface. Long studs are needed to determine the stroke, and nuts are needed to fix the moving part and adjust the clamping force. Their role in this design is to be levers. You learned how to make a clamp, but you should understand that home-made tools have low level strength. But for simple household chores, they will be good helpers.

Do-it-yourself clamp is made according to a pre-prepared scheme. The tool is presented in the form of a clamp, which is used to fix various parts. Joiner's clamps are used for sawing, breeding saw teeth or sharpening it.

A quick-clamp clamp is a kind of manual vice, which is used to firmly fix workpieces or workpieces.

Principle of operation

A quick-clamp clamp is a kind of manual vice, which is used to firmly fix workpieces or workpieces. The main elements of the device include a frame, a moving part, lips, a valve. Experts recommend making tools from iron.

The quick-release tool can be fixed with one hand. The object is inserted between the jaws, pressing it down with a movable system. Then the product is fixed with a valve. The advantages of the considered design experts include:

• light weight;
• the ability to capture large parts;
• high strength;
• transportation;
• fast work.

The quick release clamp is used for unclamping. To do this, you will need to dismantle the limiters and lips by turning the last elements over. With this tool you can process glass.

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Elements

Do-it-yourself clamps made of light metal quickly fail. The parameters of such units do not exceed 2 m. To press dimension sheets plywood, you will need to make a sliding homemade clamp.

The components of the design include:

• frame;
• jaws for clamping;
• moving part;
• lever component.

The mobile design with the help of a thread changes the pitch between the jaws. From a constructive point of view, the lever device consists of levers and eccentrics. This tool is difficult to make at home.

To make a wooden clamp, the scheme and the following tools are used:

• threaded studs;
• slats;
• nuts;
• plywood.

The length of the studs should be 120 and 200 mm, and the diameter should be 5 mm. The size of plywood boards is 15x150x200 mm, and the parameters of 2 rails are 20x40x240 mm.

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Step-by-step instruction

The production of a homemade clamp consists in the use of wooden bars made of oak, beech, birch or ash. Such instruments are fixed to working surface. In the bars with which the clamping part is attached, 2 holes are made. This technology provides a tight fixation of the nut with the stud.

To get stable and robust design, it is recommended to place the bottom bar flat.

The next step is to install plywood boards. A bar is attached to them. The bottom edge of the plywood must be placed 3 cm below the bar. The blanks are drilled. Studs are inserted into the holes obtained.

Plywood is used as a clamping element. Such clamps capture parts with a moving strip. The tool is fixed to the surface of the countertop with short pins. Long analogues determine the working stroke of the clamp. Nuts are a lever that fixes a moving element by adjusting the clamping force.

Homemade clamp for welding can be made from a hacksaw, 2 threaded studs and nuts. The last elements are inserted into the clamp connectors. The nuts are put on from the inside of the device. The resulting tool has 2 sizes. To prevent the body from breaking into 2 parts, the folding element is wrapped with electrical tape. The versatility of the resulting device lies in the possibility of its reverse transformation into a hacksaw. For fastening sliding design tools use steel fasteners. A homemade clamp is not recommended to be used to the limit of its capabilities. Otherwise, it will quickly fail. The universal clamp is made from a channel.

Its length depends on the maximum dimensions of the processed material. The thickness of the channel is selected taking into account the frequency of use of the future tool. Places for holes for bolts are placed along the axis of the channel. The last fasteners are welded to the thrust structure. Holes are cut out welding machine. To achieve a tight stop fit, the nest is made in the form of a drop. A bolt is welded to the channel. The size of its head should correspond to the diameter of the nest.

The next step is to manufacture the clamping device. To do this, use a thick screw. The resulting tool is used when working with dimensional objects. Otherwise, 2 small clamps and a flexible insert are used. The material of the last design must have a high degree rigidity, and the plane should be curved. The ends of the flexible insert are pressed with 2 small clamps to the plywood sheets. The plane is recommended to evenly press on the surface to be glued. Manufacturing method homemade tool depends on the purpose of the device and the size of the workpieces.

The clamp is auxiliary tool, which is used to fix the boards when they are connected in a given position. Also, the clamp is suitable for holding boards during their sawing, for wiring a hacksaw blade, connecting various elements. Parts that require machining can be nested in the tool. Then, using a movable element, they are clamped with sponges and get to work. To securely hold parts in position, it is recommended to use two or more clamps.

Home-made staples are often made of metals or wood, and in terms of their characteristics they are not much inferior to purchased, factory-assembled ones. Since the design of the clamping device is simple, it will not be difficult to understand the principle of its operation in order to make it yourself.

Making a screw metal clamp

Before starting work, you will need to prepare necessary materials. For the basis of the structure, a steel sheet one centimeter thick is suitable, any even trimming of the same thickness. The length of the workpiece is arbitrary, but they try to choose it taking into account the working distance of the clamp.

Main manufacturing materials:

• steel sheet;
• long bolts;
• nuts.

A drawing is being made. On the material of the workpiece, the future body of the tool is marked, which in appearance resembles the letter "C". Instead of steel sheet you can use a piece of profiled pipe, bent in the form of the letter "C". There are no special requirements for the thickness of the workpiece, but the design must be reliable. The choice of length is made taking into account the dimensions working area, workpieces.

After marking, the part is cut out of metal. At home blanks small sizes can be cut with a grinder. But in the manufacture of clamps of large dimensions, it is recommended to use a gas cutter, an acetylene torch. The next stage is processing, grinding the workpiece. All sharp edges, sags formed when working with gas welding equipment are knocked off with a file, and the surface is polished sandpaper. This must be done so that when clamping the workpiece, you do not cut yourself on sharp edges.

Having prepared long bolts M 8, M 10, proceed to fasten the moving element. Why, on one side of the workpiece, nuts are welded under the selected bolts. In the absence of bolts, you can pick up hexagons, steel rods of the desired length with pre-cut threads.

At the inner working end of the screw, a flat, even part is welded, on which the function of the sponges is assigned. On the reverse side of the screw, a lever made of stud scraps is attached by welding. Its presence will speed up the process of clamping workpieces , further reducing the amount of effort applied. This completes the assembly of the clamp with your own hands.

Angle clamp device

In the manufacture angle tool for assembling furniture, it is important to accurately maintain a right angle of 90 °. Main available materials are corners with steel strips. For work you will need:

• 40 mm steel corner 3-4 mm thick;
• steel plates 40-50 mm;
• threaded studs;
• bars for collars;
• nuts;
• welding machine;
• electric drill, taps.

Angle clamp is the most difficult to manufacture, but when carrying out certain types of work, you cannot do without it. On the initial stage corners are welded to steel plates at right angles, and nuts are welded to each of the corners, which will serve to create a worm structure. Another option is to drill a hole in the corner and cut into it with a tap internal thread. The width of the working gap is selected taking into account the size of potential workpieces, but too much stroke of the clamping knob reduces the strength of their fixation.

For processing workpieces of different sizes, it is recommended to prepare several clamps!

The stud is screwed into the welded nut. At its end is going to focus from metal washers different diameter, which should scroll freely when the pin is rotated. With reverse side crank drill a hole under metal rod. Used as a lever, it will transmit more force, so it will be more reliable to hold workpieces.

Wooden clamp - we will make from the remnants of the boards

The most popular is a wooden quick-clamp clamp, but a tool of a similar design can also be made of metal. Despite the simplicity of the design, it is very convenient when performing various tasks.

The presence of two identical clamps expands the scope of their application!

For assembly, you will need to prepare the following materials:

• pieces of boards;
• studs with pre-cut threads;
• nuts and lambs corresponding to the thread of the studs;
• slats.

First, two threaded studs of the same diameter are prepared. They must be 200 mm long. The nuts are matched to the stud threads. Two slats are being prepared, preferably from wood hard rock. The best choice there will be oak, beech, birch, ash. Reiki are adjusted to the same size. To do this, the excess length is sawn off, and the cut is subjected to grinding. After that, two holes are drilled in each of the rails with a small tolerance. Moreover, the location of the holes on each of the blanks should ideally match, and their diameter should correspond to the diameter of the studs.

Strips of plywood can be glued onto the surface of the rails. They are customized to size. wooden blanks, drill holes. The studs are inserted into the holes obtained and securely fixed with nuts on one of the rails on both sides. Washers are placed under the nuts to prevent material from being squeezed. This bar will always be fixed, but the other will be able to move freely along the guides in the form of studs.

Another bar is installed. To do this, after passing it through the hairpins, they put it in place. Clamping is carried out using conventional nuts and an open-end wrench, but for convenience and increased productivity, it is necessary to install wing nuts. They check the course of the clamp, if it is difficult or additional fitting of parts is required, other defects are found, then they are eliminated. Work on the assembly of the clamping device made of wood can be considered completed, it remains to test it in action.

Properly assembled clamping devices allow you to securely fasten wooden details during carpentry work. The designs of these types of fasteners are popular and are so simple that they can be made independently from improvised materials with the involvement of a minimum number of tools.