Design features of sliding doors. Sliding - Sliding interior doors Sliding door design

Both manufacturers and many master installers almost unanimously claim that sliding interior doors are almost a panacea for any apartment or house - they have a lot of advantages that are so lacking in traditional swing structures. On the one hand, this is how it is, and on the other hand, almost everyone forgets about the shortcomings of these doors - in fact, sliding doors lack advantages. hinged doors. It turns out such a vicious circle, which we will deal with in this article, in which, together with the website, we will study the advantages and disadvantages of sliding structures, their varieties and self-installation technology.

Do-it-yourself sliding interior door installation photo

Sliding interior doors: pros and cons

A sound assessment of any thing can only be compared with its advantages and disadvantages, which sliding doors quite a lot - and a lot of both. Let's start in order - first with the good. The advantages of doors of such structures include the following points.

All this, of course, is good, but it would be wrong not to take into account the negative characteristics of these doors. And they, oddly enough, negate almost all the advantages. The disadvantages include the following points.

In general, decide for yourself what is more important for you, high-quality sound insulation or ease of use. By by and large You can get both by purchasing the right sliding doors for your home. Ask, what are the right ones? But we will deal with this further by examining the varieties of sliding doors.

You can learn more about the cons of sliding interior doors from this video.

Types of sliding interior doors and their features

It is possible to classify sliding doors, as, in general, and any other similar products, according to several criteria - according to the material from which they are made and according to the method of opening. You will deal with the material yourself (if not, then you can read other articles on our site on this topic), but you should familiarize yourself with the method of opening in more detail. What are we going to do next. In this regard, all sliding structures can be divided into four groups.

My job is to offer, and yours to choose. Now decide for yourself which design of sliding doors you prefer. Consider only one thing - cassette and rotary doors are very expensive.

Do-it-yourself sliding interior door installation

To make it easier to understand the principle of installing a conventional sliding interior door with an upper rail, we will consider the entire process of performing work on points.

Basically, everything. If the job has been done correctly, your brand new doors should slide easily along the track. If not, then we look for and eliminate the cause of the misunderstanding - perhaps this is not a horizontally installed guide or a narrow groove for the bottom stop.

And in conclusion of the topic about sliding interior doors, I will add a few words about the material from which they are made. In principle, it can be anything - such doors are made both from and from. There are even sliding doors that allow you to visually increase the volume of the premises. Be that as it may, when deciding the question of choice, be sure to pay attention to the quality of the product. It should always be remembered that behind a beautiful face there can be no hidden quality material- in this regard, it is better to give preference to proven and proven brands.

If you decide to install sliding interior doors in your home, it is important to find out the dimensions of the opening, as well as the canvas itself, which will be suitable specifically for your case. Regarding these parameters, there are some restrictions according to GOST. Let's look at what types of structures will become the best choice in one situation or another.

Sliding doors compact and attractive appearance

Design features

Sliding doors have recently been increasingly seen in the interior of not only private houses and apartments, but also in in public places. Such designs have become very popular due to their unusual decorative look and compactness. Every year, manufacturers come up with more and more non-standard and interesting options that allow you to satisfy the atypical dimensions of the opening and fit the design into the overall environment.

The basic principle of sliding structures is that instead of a massive canvas that swings open to one side, a more elegant product is used, movement is carried out to the side along the wall and the opening itself thanks to guides and a roller system. In this case, the dimensions of the web are set to a certain extent by GOST standards, but the requirements for them are not as strict as for conventional products.

So, what are sliding interior doors? Main Feature is the variety of materials available for execution, which allows such a design to look harmonious in almost any interior. Most commonly used:

metal;
wood;
plastic;
laminate;
glass and mirrors;
bamboo and other natural materials.

Varieties of sliding doors depending on the material of manufacture

Main types of systems

Types of sliding doors for interior partitions are not limited only by the distribution of the materials used. You should also distinguish between the types of paintings themselves, first of all they are:

single leaf. The passage closes one canvas, which can move in one direction or both in the absence of a limiter and the presence of rails.
double leaf. Two canvases of the same or different sizes. Suitable for wide openings.

If you want to use the sliding system as a partition, the number of canvases can be increased to four. In this case, if necessary, it will be possible to divide one large room into two rooms isolated from each other.

There are also different types sliding systems for interior doors:

compartment. it standard systems. A straight canvas moves along the wall due to the presence of guides and rollers mounted on the door.
Book. Such a model is often a canvas, divided into two or three parts, which is folded according to the “book” principle thanks to the loops connecting the elements.
Harmonic. The model is similar to the book one, but in this case the canvas consists of many vertical slats connected by hinges. The principle of movement is based on runners with guide rails.

The main types of sliding door systems by type of opening

In fact, there are no special GOST requirements for each specific type of sliding doors. All standards can be displayed in general category, which regulates the principles of the structure of systems and the dimensions for the opening and the web of the product itself.

Opening dimensions

When designing taking into account the installation of a sliding system, it is important to take into account a number of nuances, some of which are regulated by GOST. This applies, first of all, to the opening itself.

So, consider what are the dimensions of the opening. The opening dimensions for all sliding doors must be at least 80 cm. Perfect option- 90-100 cm for single-leaf structures. For two wings you need at least 120-150 cm of space. The dimensions of the opening can reach up to 220 cm. If the width of the opening is greater, then a complex system consisting of several canvases. At the same time, they can be either completely independent of each other, or they can be formed in a clear sequence.

When designing a sliding door, an important factor is the size of the doorway.

According to GOST, when installing the box, a small gap should remain between the wall and the frame itself. This allows you to adjust the position of the loot and distribute the load through the use of polyurethane foam. In this regard, the dimensions of the opening and the door frame will differ by a set number of centimeters.

Canvas dimensions

In addition to the dimensions of the opening, it is important to know the dimensions of sliding interior door panels required by GOST. The basic principle is that the door itself will be somewhat smaller than the width of the opening. Part of the space will hide the box. In this case, it is important to consider whether the canvas will move along the wall or inside the opening with a stop inside the wall partition.

According to GOST optimal dimensions canvases for a sliding interior door are on average 90 cm. For wide aisles double-leaf or more are used complex structures. The dimensions of one sash should be at least 60 cm and not more than 120 cm. The height of such products is usually set according to the standard - 210 cm, but can vary up to 240-250 cm. It is also important to take into account the weight of the canvas, the complexity of its execution and the type of materials used.

The optimal width of the sliding door is considered to be 90 cm

Design Options

Sliding doors in modern interior look pretty organic. They are light in appearance, but at the same time they are able to fully perform the functions assigned to them. Of course, the sound insulation will not be as good as in the conditions of using swing products, but you will be able to save space.

There are an incredible number of options for using such partitions in the interior. Usually they are used as a door in a combined kitchen. This allows you to zone the space into two functional parts. Also sliding structures look great in the interior of the bedroom. You can use light partitions as decoration for entering the dressing room.

In the interior, sliding doors are most often used for zoning space.

What materials to use and what design design will be appropriate in a particular interior depends on the preferences of the owners and the thematic style of the room as a whole.

When choosing the design of a sliding door, not only its dimensions, but also the type of the system itself are of considerable importance. The materials used look different and can both emphasize the elegance of the partition and make it more visually rough.

When choosing a particular model, it is important to consider how it will look in the interior. If the dimensions of the passage do not allow the use of this option, there are two ways out of the situation: change the dimensions of the opening or choose a different type of door.

To ensure that the interior sash is not hinged, but moves to the side, various mechanisms are used with guides for sliding doors. Let's see how these systems work.

Before planning which mechanism you will use when installing sliding sashes, you need to decide on the type of construction itself. They can be with one sash moving to the side or with several. They may be moving in general direction, or at least one leaf will move in the opposite direction. Of particular interest are designs of 4 or more parts, and they can move apart not only along their plane, but also folding like an accordion, which creates completely new ideas for using space.

So, the simplest type is exactly what was described in the first example, that is, one-, two-, three- or even four-leaf doors. The first option, opening, moves freely along the guides, as a rule, to the right, but 2 wings diverge to the sides, as in an elevator or in a subway car. If the door has 3 parts, the 2 extreme ones are on the same level and move in opposite directions, and the 3rd overlaps one of the leaves, moving in the same direction as it. And finally, 4 parts are divided into 2 pairs, each of which moves opposite to the other, with one panel overlapping the second when opened. Another type is the same two-, three- and four-leaf doors, but already of a cascade type. The main difference between them is that all of their doors move only in one direction.

Single and double doors they can move both along the wall, closing part of it in the open position, and sink into it, going into special grooves.

Sliding interior doors

The next option is compartment doors, when 2 wings, converging when closing the opening, do not close, but, moving along two parallel guides, slightly overlap the edges. In this case, with a sufficient width of the opening, 1 part can be fixed, and the second can move freely along the guides. In essence, the previously considered three-leaf version can be made as a compartment, if the middle, third part, closing the opening, slightly overlaps the edge of the panel moving towards the parallel skids.

Next comes the radial sliding door. To make such a design, you need to have a wall rounding instead of one of the corners and an opening in this area. In all other respects, except for bending along a certain radius, the sashes are not much different from ordinary moving ones. When open, they will cover small areas walls on the sides of the opening, and in a closed one - to close, like in an elevator. Accordingly, the single-leaf version simply moves to the side along the guides. In some cases, radius doors can be buried in special grooves if the wall is thick enough, or a drywall niche is made.

And, finally, the last type - doors sliding apart with an accordion. Shutters of this type are equipped with rollers sliding along the upper edge on special turntables. The panels themselves are interconnected by ordinary or piano hinges, several pieces, depending on whether such structures are made in the form of one or two "curtains". It is noteworthy that the width of the wings can be different, for example: narrower at the edges, and wider closer to the middle of the opening. The number of panels in each group is practically unlimited, except for the distance between the side ends of the interior opening.

Having chosen the one you like with the leaves moving off to the sides, you need to carefully consider all the mechanisms available today that are included in the sets of sliding systems (SRS).

There are relatively few of them, and the simplest type is hanging. In fact, this is only one guide along which the rollers move, but it is very powerful, capable of withstanding a large load. Down in door leaf a groove is made into which a ridge stop laid on the threshold enters so that the sash does not swing when moving. However, if the groove does not allow it to move from side to side, then it can completely warp in its plane, due to the relatively free position of the rollers inside the guide.

Hanging view of a sliding door structure

In contrast to not very reliable (albeit inexpensive) suspension systems, which quickly become unusable during active operation, it is much more durable than a KRS with two guides. This option provides for each sash of the structure a lower chute in which an additional roller moves, which simultaneously serves as a stop. As a rule, such mechanisms are installed on compartment doors and accordions.

At the same time, it should be taken into account that the presence of bearings in the rollers increases their service life and increases the smoothness of the panel movement. The number of wheels is also of considerable importance; for panels with a large weight, 4 rollers are required in each carriage.

So we've covered everything possible options that you can install in your home with your own hands. However, now you need to correctly combine sliding systems for interior doors and the type of preferred design.

As already mentioned, coupe and accordion doors require lower guides. In this case, the first option needs a separate chute for each panel and a separate suspension system respectively, while the harmonica mechanism moves exclusively in one plane. Ordinary sliding doors work on the same principle, and you can make them suspended for economy and ease of assembly with your own hands.

Bottom rails

Radius sliding structures are much more interesting. Of course, they do not differ in anything special, but all the carriages are deployed in relation to each other in an arcuate guide. Such a design must necessarily have a support roller and, preferably, not one, so that the sash does not jam during a sharp movement.

Glass doors also have some features if they do not have wooden, metal or plastic frame. When mounting rollers directly to thin glass special overhead rails with rollers in the upper part are used, they are screwed along the entire length through small holes. In the lower part, instead of a roller or stop, a narrow guide chute is sometimes placed.

How to install a sliding system with your own hands

How to install a sliding door system with your own hands - step by step diagram

Step 1: Markup

First of all, it must be taken into account that even for the simplest suspension mechanism, the previous door frame does not fit, and therefore the shoals will need to be in without fail dismantle. Only when you have an empty opening left, you can mark up under new design. Stock up for the future decorative panels for masking the upper guide and platbands for finishing the ends of the opening.

Now we measure the height of the sash and add 15 millimeters to the bottom gap to the result. We measure the required distance along the wall from the floor and make marks along which we draw a line, after which we put the door next to it, knocking it out with wedges from below, and check the correctness of the calculation.

Step 2: Installing the rail

We measure the width assembled mechanism(you need to test it in action to make sure that there is no marriage). Then we add the width of the guides and mark the location of the fasteners, being guided by the line of passage of the upper edge of the door panel. We disassemble the mechanism for further assembly already on the sash. If there is only one top rail, you can fix it with your own hands on a pre-attached to the wall wooden beam. If the hinged profiles for the rollers should be from 2 or more, then special brackets are installed, screwed to the wall with several long screws.

door hanging

And, finally, the most crucial moment - at the bottom of the door you need to either make a groove with your own hands, if there is a stop knife (comb) or a leash, or fix the plate with the bottom roller. The latter needs a special gutter, which is mounted on the line of movement of the door and acts as a threshold, to install it, use a plumb line or laser level so that the sash does not skew. Now it remains only to hang the door on the mechanism, securing the previously installed hinges with a special adjusting screw, which allows you to more accurately set the height of the sash relative to the floor.

When assembling such a system with your own hands, special attention should be paid at the very beginning to leveling the guide so that there is no inclination towards the opening of the sash. Otherwise, it can be predicted with confidence that the door will open by itself, and the load latch will quickly fail. In extreme cases, you can make a slight tilt towards closing, then the sash will always tend to close, but a small angle of inclination (no more than 2 degrees) will not allow it to do this quickly. If you make synchronously sliding doors with your own hands, do not forget to adjust the cable to final assembly systems.

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For increase usable area doors are installed in the apartment that do not swing open traditional way, taking up space against the wall, but moving to the side. Such constructive solution creates a feeling of spaciousness even in small-sized housing, visually increasing the space.

Varieties of sliding structures

Sliding interior doors are made of wood, plastic, glass, metal or a combination of these materials. Glass products stand out with interesting design solutions. The following design options are available:

pencil case
door partition
techno door
pivot sliding interior door

Each of the options has a number of features, advantages and disadvantages.

The compartment door has 1 or 2 canvases moving along the wall, inserted into guides located above the entrance. The design does not allow placing furniture close to the wall, along which the doors are moved apart. A box is not required for mounting the canvas. To give the opening a finished look, its frame is made of a material that matches the canvas.
Interior doors differ from compartments in that in the open position, its doors are not visible, as they are hidden in a specially made cassette. It is an element disguised as a wall, in which it is placed in an open position. For a design with one leaf, 1 case is mounted. In a large opening, a double-leaf design is used, which requires the installation of a cassette for the second sash. The pencil case allows you to install interior items close to the walls, saving free space.
Movable partitions are installed in cases where it is necessary to temporarily divide one room into 2 parts. The common children's room for children of different sexes serves as a place for games during the day, and at night it is divided by a partition into 2 separate bedrooms. The division of the room into zones is also used in the kitchen-living room, most often by installing glass sliding partitions. This design covers the room from floor to top, so the leaf guides are mounted on the ceiling. The product may have more than 2 wings, the outermost of which are fixed motionless.
The techno door is made in the modern version. Made of glass, it is a separate design solution that sets the tone for the entire interior.
Pivot-sliding interior doors have a telescopic mechanism that opens it in two directions. Structures are more often used in industrial and commercial buildings.

Like any design solution, sliding doors have pros and cons, which must be taken into account even before they are installed.

Advantages

Movable products increase the living space of the room. At least 1 sq.m. area on both sides of the wall, which is valuable for a small apartment.
Sliding structures - a good option for openings custom size for which it is difficult to find a suitable canvas.
Manifold design solutions allows you to choose a design that is in harmony with the overall concept of the interior.
Modern mechanisms for hanging sliding canvases during their opening or closing work without creating noise.
A reliable sliding door mechanism extends the life of the structure.

Flaws

Such designs are not without a number of disadvantages. These include:

Difficulty of installation. For installation, it is required to disassemble part of the wall or equip an additional interior partition.
Weak soundproofing. The design does not provide sealing elements that prevent the penetration of extraneous sounds.
Insufficient thermal insulation.
It is difficult to put a reliable lock on interior sliding or plastic canvases.
Sliding is assembled from parts that should only be highest quality. The mechanism includes rollers cylindrical shape made from durable and wear-resistant material. They are mounted on a carriage, which is attached to the end of the canvas. So that it is always in strict vertical position, the mechanism is provided with a leash that prevents loosening of the structure. The structure of the mechanism includes guides along which the rollers move. To prevent the canvas from flying off the guides, install a stopper and limiter.

The disadvantages of sliding products include their high cost, which depends on several parameters.

What is the price of a sliding structure

The cost of construction is affected by the price of the material, the number of leaves, the surface area, the cost of fittings, and installation. It affects the price and the country of origin. Doors or their components brought from abroad will cost much more than domestic ones. The price spread looks something like this:

Price for 1 sq.m. canvases from 3 to 25-30,000 rubles.
The price of one pencil case is from 9 to 45,000 rubles.
Fittings for sliding interior doors cost from 3,000 for hanging light ones and up to 30,000 for more massive models for 1 set.
The cost of framing is from 7 to 15,000 rubles.

The cost of work depends on the complexity of the installation and the cost of the entire structure. The range of prices can exceed several thousand.

To reduce costs, many try to make a pencil case with their own hands and mount the doors themselves.

Self installation

When installing sliding doors with your own hands, you need to carefully measure every millimeter, since the slightest misalignment will lead to incorrect operation of the sliding system.

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