Furniture without nails and glue. Variants of furniture nails, application in design projects. Melt using a heating element

This bed is more like a constructor that can be easily assembled and disassembled, because there is not a single nail, screw and not a drop of glue in it! Great option for people moving from apartment to apartment.

A couple more pluses: the bed is quite easy to make and looks pretty. Go!

Step 1: Where to start and what will be needed

You will need the most basic tool, whether it is manual or electric. The bed can be made using only a saw, a screwdriver, strong hands and sharp eye.

But if there is a power tool, then it’s a sin not to use it, I used a jigsaw and a drill (a screwdriver is also suitable for a drill). You will also need boards and round bar for legs with a diameter of 15 cm.

Sizes depend on your preferences and the size of your mattress.

Everything about everything should take you no more than 3-4 hours.

Step 2: Measure and saw

First, you need to decide on the size of the bed. I approached this simply - I took the dimensions of the mattress as a basis. As a rule, everyone does.

Step 3: Sawing the first joints

Pretty simple process, which is evident in the photo. What you should pay attention to is that the cuts must be even, and in order for the connection to be strong, the width of the cut should be slightly less than the width of the board that will be inserted into it (by about 0.7-1 mm). In this way, the board will have to be driven a little bit into the cut with a hammer.

Step 4: Mattress Support

When I said that the bed would be made completely without screws, I was a little cunning. Screws will still have to be used, but not a lot. With them we will attach the slats to the inside of the frame that we just made. Boards will be superimposed on these slats.

I fixed the slats with 10 screws on each side.

Step 5: Bed Legs

The strength of the bed depends on the legs, so be careful. The first step is to determine the height of the legs and cut them out of a round bar.

Then cavities are cut in the legs for the frame boards. They should also be slightly narrower (0.7 - 1 mm) than the thickness of the boards, so that the fastening is strong.

What is the first thing that comes to mind when it comes to furniture production? Imagination draws huge workshops, dozens of workers, warehouses, shops and delivery services. Designers from England offer a different approach.

In the digital age, instead of going to the store at the table or chair you like, you can download drawings and make furniture yourself. To do this, the British have developed a series of projects called opendesk, the assembly of which does not use fasteners, nails, screws or tools.

Tables, chairs, cabinets are assembled from individual parts cut from a single plywood sheet on a 3D milling cutter. In fact, the furniture is a constructor, reminiscent of children's ship and aircraft model kits.

All parts in the furniture are fastened together by L and U-shaped locks and tongue-and-groove joints. Thanks to computer simulation, the assembly process is simple and intuitive.

Due to the simplification of all production processes and a small amount of waste, such furniture is cheaper than industrial production.

Having tested the idea and launched small production, the innovators went further. They created a unified electronic database of drawings and 3D models. The designers called this project Open Source Furniture.

From this database, being in any country of the world, the user can download the drawing of the furniture model he likes and modify it for himself: change the size, material, or offer his own design option. After that, professional designers make appropriate changes to the basic project, creating on its basis new series. Further, the drawing becomes available for download to other users.

The main obstacle to the widespread adoption of this technology is the need to use 3D for the manufacture of furniture. To solve this problem, you can order a ready-made, cut kit, or, alternatively, simplify the drawings by removing complex curly elements and hidden grooves. In this case, the furniture can be made independently using minimum set tools: jigsaw and circular saw, but you will have to fasten the parts in the traditional way.

The further plans of the British include the maximum expansion of the geography of network production. To do this, it is proposed to purchase or rent a 3D milling cutter, or, if such equipment is already installed (for example, there is a CNC machine), download the appropriate software.

Because the entire production cycle consists in cutting out details from plywood, then such production can be organized even in the garage. As conceived by the British, such an approach, as well as access to the "collective mind" of the database, will allow you to quickly rebuild production and independently produce a variety of furniture.

A similar idea, only in a simplified form, is offered by Israeli designer Ruti Shafrir. The girl developed a rack project, which is shaped like a honeycomb.

The rack is made of long plywood or aluminum plates with narrow slots. The workpieces are joined using the cut-to-cut method. The width of the slot depends on the thickness of the workpiece (the workpieces will be pressed together). The depth of the slot is equal to half the width of the plate.

To assemble the rack does not require tools, glue, fasteners. Thanks to the slots, the panels are inserted into each other, forming the original appearance and a stable design that fits well into the design of most interiors.

By changing the size of the panels, their thickness, length, finish, you can assemble a variety of racks to store a variety of things. For example:

Books

small things

For those who see this furniture for the first time, the reaction usually consists of four letters - IKEA. Of course, there is a certain similarity: the assembly is carried out by the buyer. But there is a serious difference: neither nails, nor screws, nor glue are used during assembly - nothing.

Furniture that is assembled without any fasteners is, as the Chukchi from a joke would say, “a trend, however.” Take, for example, designer Paul Shenton. One day in 1998, he rented a small unfurnished apartment on the fourth floor.

It is clear that the problem with chairs, table, bed and other things had to be urgently solved. But in addition to everything, a narrow twisted staircase led to the apartment, and it was not possible to climb up, let's say, traditional furniture.

Shenton began to go around the shops in search of items that, firstly, he could afford for the money, and secondly, he could drag him up the stairs to new apartment. And then pull it out and, for example, throw it away, leaving the temporary shelter.

And although the same IKEA with its prefabricated furniture is not the most high-budget option in this case, the designer did not find anything suitable.

Perhaps fortunately: the Swedish supermarket could theoretically solve the problem, but then Shenton would not have become a furniture designer himself and would not have done what he did.

Here is a chair from one sheet of plywood (photo from thechipfactory.co.uk).

When designing his own furniture, Paul focused on what he thought was the most important thing: items should be easy to assemble and just as easy to dismantle.

The simplest solution was to fold the components through a system of slots, in other words, grooves to grooves, cut to cut.

Armed with only a jigsaw and a few sheets of plywood, Shenton built his first sofa.

Subsequently, the slot system chosen and refined over the course of three years became the corresponding trademark of SlotSystem, and Slot Furniture was born.

The firm is guided by four unshakable principles. The first is simplicity: the assembly and disassembly process is as simple as possible and does not require any tools.

The second is that there are no restrictions on the access of furniture to the consumer’s home, that is, he does not need to worry if the sofa will pass through doorway, and whether it will be possible to carry dinner table through the hall.

The third principle is adequate prices, and the fourth is modern design. That's it, that's all, that's how they live.

This is how a sofa from Slot Furniture is assembled without a single nail and glue (illustrations from slotfurniture.com).

We deliberately did not call Paul Shenton the inventor of the slot system for furniture assembly, although he probably has all the necessary patents.

The fact is that the principle itself has been known since time immemorial. Probably, you also had to cut pieces of paper into strips, make cuts on them with scissors and build paper sculptures from them.

But you still want to find the origins of furniture assembled without fasteners and tools. And the search results inevitably lead us to a man named Victor Papanek, who tragically died just when Paul Shenton rented an apartment on the fourth floor.

Not to say that this two-seater sofa from Slot Furniture was cheap - almost $500. But it is assembled without tools (photo from slotfurniture.com).

The name of this person should be known to everyone involved in industrial design. Papanek was born in Austria, graduated from high school in England, and worked in America. He was a designer, architect, anthropologist, writer and teacher.

But we are interested in the fact that Papanek is the author of the term "nomadic furniture". About her, he, along with James Hennessy (James Hennessy), wrote two books: "Nomadic Furniture" (1973) and "Nomadic Furniture 2" (1974).

By this term, he meant a minimum of tools and fasteners, light and cheap, but reliable materials, the possibility of sending furniture to a landfill without harming the environment, the availability of these items for low-income layers, and so on.

Thus, the furniture in the view of Papanek could be made almost of cardboard.

Victor Papanek's most famous book is Design For The Real World (photo from jidpo.or.jp).

It seems that IKEA designers could not help but pay attention to the concepts presented in books about “nomadic furniture”, because the Swedes are the first who come to mind as modern “embodiers” of these ideas.

Things exist to be used. But nothing can last forever. So breaking from time to time is normal. What do you do when the chair legs break? Run to buy new furniture? It turns out there is another solution. For example, an English designer learned how to repair furniture using plastic bottles. Surprisingly, it works.

When you urgently need a cheap coffee table or nightstand, do not rush to plan a trip to IKEA. Modern hipsters have come up with a much cheaper and cooler solution. Required Components can be found in your own trash can. After all, if you believe the young designer Micaelle Pedros (Micaella Pedros), collect simple furniture or you can fix the existing one even without nails, using plastic bottles.

The designer's method will surely delight all DIY fans and supporters of the "green" lifestyle. The girl offers to repair and assemble furniture using homemade mounts from plastic. Suitable ordinary plastic drink bottles. The main thing, melt them at 300 degrees Celsius. Here exemplary scheme what the process looks like:

1. Cut off the neck and bottom of the bottle to make a hollow ring

2. Connect the wooden parts inside the plastic ring

3. Melt using a heating element

In his works, the designer intentionally uses bottle-colored plastic. But if you do not want the fasteners to be so obvious, it is better to take a transparent one. But the strength of homemade " liquid nails”, according to Michaella, largely depends on the type of tree.

The designer dreams that her idea will not only serve extravagant contemporary art, but will really go to the masses. After all, according to Michaela, this is a really utilitarian way to recycle plastic. Yes and just available material for creative experiments.

By the way, the idea of ​​another not so long ago stormed kickstarter. True, unlike plastic bottles, this little thing costs money.

A variety of nails are presented in construction stores in a wide range. They are used for exterior finish various items interior, upholstered door panels. The process of restoration of armchairs, sofas, cabinets and other products cannot do without them. In addition, furniture nails perform fixing and decorative functions due to variety of options decorating their hats.

Everyone knows what a nail is and has seen it more than once in Everyday life. He is metallic look mounts various materials to each other, used in the course of construction and finishing works. Nails differ in shape, size, color, functional purpose, material of manufacture. There are also those that are used as decoration. They are called decorative furniture nails.

Construction nails have a length of 7 mm to 90 mm. Their thickness varies from 0.7 mm to 3.5 mm. Unlike them, decorative carnations are produced small. Their diameter is from 4 mm to 12 mm, length - no more than 30 mm.

Construction nails are available with a flat or conical head shape, round or square. This is the main difference between decorative fasteners and ordinary ones. Their hat can be varied: round, square, triangular, corrugated, in the shape of a star, flower or shell. This is their purpose - decorating interior items, creating unique images. They also look great on upholstery. entrance doors. Decorative fasteners are used in combination with conventional fasteners. construction nails, but unlike them, curly ones also perform an aesthetic function.

In construction stores you can find products of the most different color and design. In addition, hats are made of natural and artificial fabrics. You can choose an option that fits furniture of any color, design and style.

Varieties

Initially, decorative furniture nails had the shape of only a hemisphere. But a lot of time has passed since then. The design of hats has changed beyond recognition, which allows them to be widely used for decoration. different kind furniture. Nails can be the size of a small bead or a large button.

Hats are shaped like:

• round;
• square;
• Shaped.

Square

Shaped

Nails differ in other ways as well. The body of the nail is made from the following materials:

• Low-carbon steel - products contain a protective layer of zinc;
• Stainless steel - plating of chromium, nickel, sometimes silver, gold is used;
• Copper and brass are considered the most expensive of all types. These options look especially beautiful and elegant.

Often used to decorate hats:

• Leather (artificial or natural) or other fabric;
• Plastic - rarely used, since the material is quite fragile and can crack when hammered.

In order not to damage the nail, experts recommend first making a hole with an awl. The main thing is to make it small and thin. In the future it will be easier to drive into it decorative element. At this stage, it is important to make the hole evenly, since the angle of inclination at which the nail will enter the base depends on this. Furniture molding is often used to decorate interior items. He is metal bar, the length of which is 100 cm. Hats imitating real nails are located on the bar.

Nail tape for upholstered furniture in construction stores is presented in the very in a variety of ways. Decorative detail can be made of nickel, copper, brass. Some moldings outwardly resemble vintage items, similar to antique gold, bronze, which allows you to transform furniture and make it unique, aged.

Low carbon steel

Usage

Decorative nails for furniture are used in the same way as other types. The principle is to hammer a hardware with a hat into the right place with a hammer. For connection different materials important to use right amount nails, observe the installation step. In addition, it is recommended to arrange them symmetrically.

Furniture nail heads are produced by different design and size. Thus, they are suitable for decorating furniture made of any materials in different styles.

To give pieces of furniture special elegance, create a clear silhouette, use edging along the contour. Usually this method is typical for decorating sofas, armchairs in a classic or rustic style. As a edging, furniture hardware is driven in line one after another without a gap or with a minimum step.

Another commonly used technique is a printed pattern. Use it to decorate furniture or doors. With this method, the nails are driven in so that in the end they are arranged in the form geometric shapes, can follow the contours of objects or create asymmetrical complex patterns. A decorative nail is often used to finish soft furnishings. In this case, they are like carriage coupler. They are driven in so that the hats are staggered.

To save time and make work easier, pay attention to special staplers with nails. With their help, the process of assembling and sheathing interior items will be faster, and the result will be more reliable than when working with furniture brackets. To all this, the work will be done much faster and without much effort.

To give furniture a special sophistication, decorative moldings are used. The part is fixed very simply. To do this, it is necessary to hammer nails along the edges of the tape, on which there are already required holes. In some cases, the nails are already included with the molding. Decorative tape is used in cases where you need to drive a large number of nails. Sometimes it is quite difficult to do this, since it is necessary to maintain the same distance between them and maintain the correct direction. Molding strips allow you to easily decorate furniture with smooth lines, clear contours.

Decorative tape not only decorates chairs, sofas, door panels, it also perfectly masks different kinds damage: dents, chips, abrasions, cracks. For moldings, you can easily pick up nails that are suitable in size and design. Thus, they will perfectly complement the decorative tape and become original decoration any kind of interior items.

For frame

With the help of furniture nails, emphasis is placed on the border of the joined materials. If the interior items are made of wood or on wooden frame, decorative fasteners are able to emphasize the most original elements. In addition, they fix the transitions from one material to another. Nails are driven in around the perimeter of the tabletop or along the side of the bed.

A variety of fasteners allows you to create original design products. So you can take the smallest nails and hammer them tightly to each other. Thus, an elegant and neat decorative line will be obtained. If using fasteners bigger size, they will resemble beautiful overlays.

for upholstery

A separate type of nails is needed to secure different types of fabric during upholstery or door panels. They differ more wide hat and thin rod. The use of this type of fastener prevents the material from slipping, it is firmly held on the frame of the product. Upholstery nails perform not only the function of fasteners, due to the huge variety of their types, you can focus on the product, highlight and decorate a certain place.

An important element this species nails is in the form of leather traditional English sofas and armchairs with "ears". Chic armrests on the end side, the outline of the back, as well as classic shape and the thickness of the luxurious upholstery is accentuated by classic nails with traditional caps. Also, these types of decorative fasteners are widely used to create a certain ornament on the upholstery of the headboard or pouffe.

For decor

Nails are able to give individuality to furniture, emphasize its dignity. Often decorative fasteners adorn designer furniture. They can also be located on the seat of the chairs or on the reverse side of the back of the chairs. Figured nails in some cases frame luxurious embroidery or various large decorative elements.

Decorative nails are used as decoration and fasteners not only for upholstered furniture. Great amount various ornaments are created on wooden interior items using just such elements. A similar style of decorating chests of drawers, cabinets and other products is typical for Southeast Asia.

Vintage chests, expensive sofas, couches and armchairs, decorated with hardware with artificially aged gold and bronze coating, look very beautiful. The kitsch or pop art style is characterized by nails with hats inlaid precious stones. Sometimes there are designer hardware in the form of skulls or other unexpected images.

Small sophisticated bead hats, stylish metal options in the form of a hemisphere or elegant leather - they are all an integral part of the process of making furniture. In addition, they are necessary for the restoration of armchairs, sofas and other products. Nails help create unique designer pieces that will decorate any room for a long time.