Veneering at home. Veneer plywood: features of the production process, types and independent production of furniture plywood. How to make veneer at home

All photos from the article

In this article, we will talk about how plywood and veneer are combined into a single whole, about what the material obtained in this way is and what are the features of its application. But, first, let's try to determine the purpose for which veneer is performed with walnut veneer or veneer of other more valuable species.

The need for veneer

Plywood is a type of glued lumber made using natural wood. But, despite the natural origin, the raw materials for the manufacture of plywood are inexpensive wood species with an inexpressive texture of fibers and an insufficiently attractive color.

In order to beautify inexpensive material, rare or even valuable breeds are glued on top. As a result, the price of lumber increases slightly, while the aesthetic design improves significantly.

Finished veneered plywood and plywood products look like they are made entirely from rare wood species. However, along with a more attractive and solid appearance, as a result of veneer finishing, plywood acquires improved technical and operational properties.

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Many have probably heard about the existence of veneer doors. However, not every consumer imagines what kind of design it is. And to give an answer to the question of what kind of material constructions will be the best - doors made of eco-veneer or classic veneer, even more so. This article will tell readers about it building material, as well as about the design features of veneered doors.

Veneer and its varieties

It is impossible to understand what veneered doors are without knowledge of the material itself. So, what is veneer, and what varieties is it divided into?

Fine-line veneer. This type of material is made from natural wood, and this characteristic helps to give it any structure. For the production of fine-line veneer, wood varieties are used that are characterized by high speed growth. The structure of the material is well developed, so you will not find repetitions of the pattern in it. The veneer is characterized by high porosity, so a lot of glue is required to fix it.
natural veneer . This material is made from solid wood by removing a thin layer from it. The structure of wood is preserved, and the cost of natural veneer is in the middle price range, which makes it possible for people with a low income to purchase it. Veneer is much cheaper natural wood, but more expensive than chipboard panels. An additional advantage of the material is environmental friendliness. The pattern on the surface is characterized by originality and sophistication.
Multiveneer. This type of material is made from natural wood, has good decorative characteristics. Multi-veneer is made with different shades and patterns, so it can be matched to different types interior.
Ecoveneer - new material, characterized by multi-layer, manufacturability and naturalness, the structure of eco-veneer repeats the texture of real wood. From afar, the material is very similar to real veneer, but close up, you can still see the plastic texture. At the same time, with the help of eco-veneer, you can create an imitation of wood of any kind and different colors. The advantage of eco-veneer lies in its resistance to temperature changes and humidity, as well as wear resistance. Doors made of eco-veneer are characterized by durability, retaining the texture and shade throughout years operation. Such structures are resistant to ultraviolet radiation, are not prone to deformation under the influence of mechanical factors. Such decorative coating resistant to acids, detergents and chemicals.

Veneer today is considered a sought-after and popular type. decorative material that allows you to create an imitation of natural wood.

At their core, they contain a frame made of pine wood and covered with MDF on top. Facing for such a door is made of veneer plates, a special material that is natural wood very small thickness (from 0.2 mm to 5 mm).

Wood veneer is often found in construction, and doors using it are increasingly in demand, because they look chic and expensive in the interior. Natural veneer is made from different types of wood. All of them are characterized by a high level of strength. It is mainly ash, mahogany, walnut, oak. It is recommended to fix the veneer on a base, also made of wood, and it is best to varnish the material. Externally, these doors are no different from real wood.

Veneer Benefits

Before independent creation veneered door, you need to familiarize yourself with the features of the material, its advantages and disadvantages. First, let's list the advantages of veneer.

When choosing door structures, consumers always face the question of which doors are better - veneered . For people with an average level of income, the best option namely veneer. Its cost is reduced compared to solid wood.
Veneer is a natural, environmentally friendly material. Doors, different type of wood, according to their own decorative qualities and appearance are not much different from structures made of solid wood.
Designers prefer to choose veneer for their work in order to be able to bring their ideas and ideas to life. Veneer from different types of wood allows you to design doors different colors and shades. Their geometry can be simple, complex, or even inlaid.
Veneer doors are characterized a high degree strength, they are durable, and if necessary, the structure of this material can be easily restored. If the care of veneered doors is correct, they will retain their attractive appearance even after a decade of operation.
During the period of operation, veneered doors are not subject to restoration and cracking. Professionals recommend gluing veneer according to special technology, which will help many times increase the strength of the door.
Refinement of veneered doors will give decorative fittings and glass inserts.

Flaws

The veneer has a certain list of disadvantages. Before buying, you should also study them carefully.

The main disadvantage of veneer is that it is extremely difficult to apply it to a base with a complex relief structure. In addition, veneered doors are sensitive to moisture.

Advice. Do not buy too cheap veneer door structures. It is likely that a low-quality adhesive composition was used for their production, containing components harmful to human health.

Sharp changes in humidity become fatal for veneer doors, since the design is based on a cheap thin array. Do not install veneered doors in rooms where there is no permanent heating. The veneer will peel off a lot there.

Characteristics of a veneered door

Before you start making veneered doors with your own hands , it is necessary to carefully study the technology of the process. The veneer can be applied to the base surface in three ways:

Hot veneering involves fixing the material on an adhesive that has high level quality. Gluing is carried out using a hot press.
Cold veneering. The process is carried out on the glue by pressing. The quality of the adhesive composition can be any.
Veneering by the membrane-vacuum method allows you to form different design doors. This method makes it possible to apply veneer on doors with any relief.

There is also a division of veneer doors by variety. These are either solid or hollow door structures.

solid doors

Solid veneer doors are based on solid pine timber. A solid web is formed from it by connecting the bars to each other using the hot pressing method. The result of such work is a monolithic and durable shield. Such a workpiece is ground and subjected to profile milling. Next, glue it MDF panels. The veneer is glued in accordance with the technology described above.

If the owner has the opportunity and desire, then he can finish the metal doors with veneer. MDF sheets are fixed on self-tapping screws to the metal, and then veneer is glued on top.

hollow doors

The same pine beam with a section of 30 * 33 mm is taken as the basis for hollow doors. A door frame is made from it. To prevent further deformation and cracking of the material, it is recommended to dry it well before use. The humidity level of the veneer should not exceed 8% at the time of gluing.

Installation of an additional frame is required in cases where the door will be decorated with a glass insert. The frame for glass is represented by horizontal slats with grooves.

On one side, MDF panels 4 mm thick are fixed to the created frame. The remaining space is filled with expanded polystyrene plates to the thickness of the timber. Another one is fixed on top MDF board. The result is a three-layer door.

Now it remains to prepare and fix the veneer. Veneered MDF is obtained by fixing strips of natural material about 30 cm wide, pre-connected to each other. This is how the facing sheets are formed (in size they should be slightly larger than the door leaf). Especially carefully you need to choose strips of veneer according to texture and color, so that in the end the pattern on the canvas is mirrored. connected with adhesive tape special machine. After that, the remaining glue is removed from them, and the veneer sheet itself is adjusted to the size of the door leaf. Following this scheme, each person, even without experience in such work, will be able to make veneer with his own hands. .

The veneer is fastened to the front sections of the MDF, and then the material is fixed on the end sections. Glue is applied over the MDF, and the formed veneer sheet is laid on top. By acting on the material by hot pressing, the adhesive is sintered. The finished door is polished several times, then it is opened protective varnish. This approach allows you to protect the entire structure from adverse effects, including from excessive moisture.

Do-it-yourself manufacturing features

Do-it-yourself veneering of doors is a need experienced by owners of conventional structures. More often, finished with natural or artificial veneer, they already exist, and it becomes necessary to simply update them. You can do this by following this pattern:

The door is removed from the hinges and laid on a flat and horizontal plane.
The old one is removed from the surface of the structure. decorative trim. To old material became malleable, it should be heated with a building hair dryer.
Next, the freed surface is leveled by grinding with sandpaper with different grain sizes. Do not rub the canvas with just your hand, it is inconvenient. Attach a piece of sandpaper to wooden block and then start sanding. Remember that veneer is recommended to be mounted on a perfectly flat base.
Shells and small cracks remain on the leveled surface of the door leaf. They are removed using putty and a spatula. When the putty solution dries, the canvas is polished with the same sandpaper until it becomes velvety.
Facing the prepared door can be done using glued or non-glued veneer. If the dimensions of the door are standard (90 * 200 cm), then it is enough to take 2.5 m of veneer sheets for cladding.
The material is neatly spread on the door leaf. At the same time, it is worth making sure that the pattern on the wood is clearly visible. Then the lining procedure begins. If the veneer has adhesive base, it is preheated. In this case, you need to work quickly, because the glue hardens at a high speed as it cools. The best option to heat the veneer there will be an iron with a temperature regime at the level of 50-60ºC.
If the veneer has a glue-free base, then its reverse side must be pre-treated with high-quality wood glue, and outside varnished for protection. When applying varnish, the door leaf should be horizontal - so the composition will lie as evenly as possible.
Lacquer over veneer is recommended to be applied in three layers. The first of them is performed using furniture nitro-varnish, the remaining layers - using diluted nitro-lacquer (dilution is done 1: 1). Self-veneering of doors at home is often complicated by the lack of a good pressing installation, which would allow sheets of material to attach well to the base. For better adhesion of the veneer, we recommend placing a sand bag on top of the material.

How to install the door yourself

By purchasing a veneered door or doing independent production veneered doors, the consumer probably thinks about how he will install them. Many do not want to spend extra money on paying for the services of a master, trying to carry out the installation on their own. In the case of installing veneered doors with their own hands, experts recommend adhering to the following rules and requirements:

There should be a gap of at least 4-5 mm between the canvas and the box.
In order to prevent the appearance of chips on the surface of the veneer, mount the doors only with a sharp tool.
If a veneered door structure is installed in the bathroom, then it is advisable to seal it before installation mounting foam those areas where the door will crash. If this procedure is not performed, then the veneer at the attachment points will very soon begin to peel off. Remember that the weak spot in the entire veneered door structure is the one that comes into contact with the floor.

The work of sticking veneer is not very difficult, but it has its own characteristics and details.

It is desirable to fasten the veneer sheet across the fibers of the canvas.
Dry the veneer well before sticking. Otherwise, during shrinkage, cracks will form that cannot be repaired.
To prevent defects from appearing at the joints of veneer sheets, it is first worth sticking strips of veneer 30 mm wide. And if after their drying the gap is not noticeable, then work can be continued.
To hide the flaws as much as possible, it is necessary to glue the veneer strips, starting from the door edges. If a swelling suddenly forms under the veneer, it is recommended to cut this area with a knife, then pump glue under the material with a syringe and iron it again. If an expensive veneer is used in the work, then it is advisable to stick a cotton fabric on top of it.
veneer door leaf you need to start from the middle. In this case, you should definitely adhere to the geometry of the pattern, and it is advisable to make an allowance of 10 cm along the edges of the plane. After finishing, they should be cut off with a knife with a sharp blade.
To press the veneer evenly, use a roller.
The edges are smeared with glue and pressed with a hammer. If suddenly smudges of glue appear on the surface of the veneer, then they can be covered with a coloring matter to match the decorating material.
On the bottom and top ends door structure it is recommended to cut the chamfer so that the door does not catch on the frame.
The door is finished with veneer and now it needs to be coated with a protective varnish. However, it is worth considering here that there are varieties of veneer that no longer need to be treated with paints and varnishes.

Working in accordance with the above plan and taking into account all the recommendations, you can create a durable, beautiful and environmentally friendly veneer door with your own hands.

The emergence of design and a variety of materials gave impetus to the development of new technologies in the production of doors. Previously, the appearance of the paintings was limited to a few colors, they had to be painted. When painting, the texture was not visible. Over time, veneer was invented, which solved these problems. On the photo you can see how it looks.

Veneer is a type of finishing material. It is made of wood as a result of cutting a thin layer. The structure of the tree is preserved during the production process. A sheet cut across the grain is of greater value than a sheet cut along the grain.

Do-it-yourself veneer saves money expensive views trees, which include:

nut;
wenge;
cherry.

To veneer a door, you will need materials:

glue;
veneer;
ruler;
tracing paper or paper;
wooden block (iron);
craft knife or scissors;
syringe or pipette.

How to venee doors with your own hands?

The process is fun and interesting. To veneer doors, you need to prepare a frame - a canvas made from inexpensive wood, such as coniferous, or old door. The blank can be purchased at the market. The base should be cleaned and get rid of irregularities with sandpaper or a planer (for large irregularities). Before veneering, it is better to putty the cracks or fill them with syndeticone glue. When the base dries, go over the sandpaper again to achieve a smooth surface.

Cut the veneer to fit the door. The pattern is cut out with a craft knife or scissors. Then veneer sheets are attached to the canvas with wood glue, which is applied to the door and to the material. You should wait until the base is dry. This procedure must be done carefully so that wrinkles do not form, as in the video.

You can smooth the veneer with a bar of wood or an iron heated to 50 degrees. If, nevertheless, bubbles have formed under the sheet, then it is necessary to cut the material in these places and remove the air. After that, the door must be left for two hours to dry thoroughly. Anyone can veneer doors at home if they follow these rules.

How to choose the right veneer?

When choosing a product, it is imperative to study the composition, since its substitutes can be made of plastic. Such material is not environmentally friendly and not durable. There is also an eco-veneer made from wood waste and adhesives. It is environmentally friendly, but has an artificial origin.

In order for the resulting door to serve for a long time and look beautiful, it should be coated with a special varnish.

A door made at home by veneering is in no way inferior to expensive elite canvases. She looks presentable and rich, as in the photo.

If the material is chosen correctly, then you can veneer the doors with pleasure.

Advantages of veneered doors:

profitability;
environmental friendliness;
reliability and durability;
variety of patterns and colors.

Veneering is a simple procedure that allows you to restore the door, increases its service life, makes it individual.

All about veneer and MDF ->

Veneer is a very thin sheet of wood, the thickness of which can vary from 0.1 to 12 mm. For industrial purposes, veneer is often made from precious woods such as oak, ash, beech, walnut, mahogany and others. But if you need veneer for personal purposes in small volumes, for example, for aircraft modeling, then you can read how veneer is made at home, and if you have a tool, do it yourself. In this article, we want to talk about how to make veneer with your own hands.

How to make veneer at home

The easiest way to get yourself a few veneer sheets is to "disassemble" a sheet of plywood. Put the plywood sheet in a container with hot water for 2-3 hours, maintaining high temperature throughout the entire soaking period, and then cut the plywood into layers with a well-sharpened knife. Immediately after this, you need to put the resulting veneer plates under the press to maintain a flat surface.

You can even do it at home sawn veneer, but be prepared that this work will take a lot of time and effort. All you need is a prepared timber (not necessarily an elite tree, an ordinary maple, birch is also suitable), a pencil, a ruler, a workbench and a good jigsaw, preferably with a set of interchangeable blades in reserve.

How to veneer furniture with your own hands

Fix the workpiece in the workbench and draw it vertically in increments of 10-12 mm (thicker is impractical, and if thinner, it will be very difficult to cut). Take a jigsaw in your hands and cut the veneer layer by layer along the lines.

How to make veneer if there is a planer at home. Sliced veneer is made from the same timber as sawn veneer, with the only difference being that thinner plates can be made. But the medal also has back side- it is difficult to make plates of the same thickness with a mechanical planer. Well, if you have an electric planer with a layer thickness regulator, then the task is much easier. Firmly fix the timber in the workbench and remove the veneer, remembering to use a pressure ruler or beam. If you have access to a peeling machine or other woodworking machines, then the process of obtaining veneer is no different from the industrial one. How to make veneer suitable for further use? It must be sanded, depending on the purpose of manufacture, coated with waterproof solutions or varnished.

Do-it-yourself veneering

Veneering is a procedure for pasting the base natural veneer, which has good decorative and wear-resistant characteristics, in order to increase the aesthetics of the surface and protect it from mechanical damage. Veneering is also used to restore the surface or renew old finish do-it-yourself veneer. After all, it is not necessary to purchase furniture from expensive solid wood, which also requires regular care, when you can prefer veneer from the desired wood species at a budget price, which perfectly imitates solid wood.

Let's take an example of how to update veneer doors with your own hands, the veneering procedure at home. First you need to choose the type of veneer and its shade for your interior or for an existing coating. You can do it at a good price in a specialized store shpon.ru. Please note that depending on what kind of wood the veneer is made of, its properties will differ. For example, if finishing wall panels in the living room, you can take an elegant oak veneer, and if you need to do-it-yourself veneering of the door to the kitchen or bathroom, then it is better to take a moisture-resistant teak, merbau, mahogany or larch veneer.

On the preparatory stage you need to prepare the surface for veneering. To do this, the door should be removed from the hinges, placed horizontally on a stand and the fittings removed. Then, with a spatula, the old coating is removed, requiring renewal. To speed up the process, you can walk over the surface with a heated iron, making the coating easier to lag behind. All irregularities and defects must be leveled, this will require sandpaper. If sandpaper does not help, then putty will have to be carried out.

Next, you should take care of the purchased veneer - before work, the tape must be straightened. To do this, you can moisten the sheets with a wet sponge and press down on both ends. After the tape becomes straight and does not wrap, you can cut the blanks according to the pre-measured door parameters. At the same time, when doing veneering with your own hands, you should not forget that the veneer blank cannot be cut with scissors, it is best to do this with a special plywood knife so that the edges are even. It is also important not to forget to make a blank with a margin of several cm, which at the end of the work will not be difficult to cut.

The next step is to paste over the door with veneer with your own hands.

How to make veneer at home

To do this, an adhesive is applied to the cleaned surface, and when the glue dries, it is covered with another layer to ensure the best binding effect. Next, a veneer blank is placed on the glue and fixed through wet gauze or a sheet of paper with a heated iron, set during heating on average temperature. So that the sheet does not go in waves, after the iron it is passed over with a roller. Jointing of veneer sheets on the surface is carried out with an overlap of 3-4 mm.

At the final stage of do-it-yourself veneering technology, veneer residues are removed, cut edges are sanded and sanded. If traces of glue are visible in the joints, they can be easily removed by walking with a soft cloth or cotton wool soaked in a solvent. And in order to improve the aesthetic and performance surfaces for the future, additionally, the veneer can be varnished, and then return the fittings to their place and hang the door on the hinges.

Quite often, in the manufacture of furniture, not the entire product is woven, but only a certain part of it. So, for example, in the manufacture of tables or various stands for flower pots or decorative vases the cover of the table or stand is braided only along the edge. The lid is usually made of thick plywood. Undoubtedly, “naked” plywood will not really decorate the product, even if the surface is treated with stain or varnish. Therefore, it is covered with veneer - sheets of precious wood, such as oak, the thickness of which is from 0.25 to 1.66 mm.

The process of veneering is called veneer.

In the process of veneering, the surface of the plywood blank is initially treated with a planer-zinubel.

Surface treatment of plywood with a planer-zinubel

After that, a cutter with teeth, specially designed for transverse cutting of veneer, cut sheets of veneer of the required length.

Cutting strips of veneer with a serrated cutter

For better joining of veneer sheets, their edges are trimmed with an ordinary sharpened joint knife.

Trimming veneer sheets with a joint knife before joining

If the veneer is too dry, then it is slightly moistened with water to facilitate processing.

How do-it-yourself veneering is done - technology and step-by-step instructions

When joining veneer sheets, they are, if possible, adjusted according to the pattern of the tree. Next, the joints of the veneer sheets are sealed with sticky paper.

Gluing veneer joints with sticky paper

The resulting veneer sheet is turned over and a layer of PVA glue is applied to it.

After that, they put it on a plywood blank and, smoothing it with a warm iron (the veneer can crack from a hot iron), glue it.

Bonding veneer to plywood

In the process of "warm" smoothing with an iron, the PVA glue crystallizes. Immediately after ironing, the surface of the veneer is rubbed with a piece of wood until it has cooled.

Lapping the surface of the veneer with a wooden block

Pieces of veneer protruding beyond the edge of the plywood blank can not be cut off, but, slightly breaking, simply grind off with an emery cloth or break with a file.

Grinding veneer protruding beyond the edge of the plywood blank

After gluing, the surface of the veneer is tapped with a hard wooden stick or pencil. Unglued places make a dull sound.

Tapping the surface of the glued veneer with a pencil

These are the so-called "chizhi". Places with "siskins" are moistened with water and ironed again with an iron and again rubbed with a bar. And, finally, they cycle and grind the entire surface of the veneer. At the same time, it is slightly moistened with water so that the small fibers of the tree rise up and can be removed by grinding.

Those who make repairs with their own hands should take a closer look at such material as veneer. He is thin layer wood, that is, completely natural material.

It is classified into the following types:

standard: made from walnut, oak, cherry and other tree species,
special: varieties of rare and valuable tree species are used for production,
root cuts unsuitable for furniture production tree species, but with an interesting pattern and texture (for example, eucalyptus or myrtle),
exclusive: characterized by a non-standard texture or size.

The material can be peeled, sawn and planed. The latter has more value and practicality, and it is he who is used most often in the furniture industry.

Most often glued to MDF veneer, for example, on wall or facade panels. Doors made of natural veneer also look stylish.

This material is aesthetically pleasing appearance, it can be glued to any wooden surfaces. At the same time, the price of the material is quite affordable, therefore, without any special financial costs, you can transform the interior of an apartment or a country house.

Veneer benefits include:

durability,
moisture resistance,
environmental friendliness,
strength.

It should be noted affordable price this material with high aesthetic qualities and practicality. That is why it is chosen for finishing furniture, doors and other interior items at home.

Let's figure out how to properly glue the veneer so that it lasts you a long time, and the surface acquires a new beautiful color.

RELATED VIDEO

When working with veneer, it is important to carefully prepare the surface. If this coniferous material, remove the resin with a knife and work off the area with acetone.

It is also necessary to remove any knots and irregularities, get rid of greasy stains, chips and cracks. To obtain a smooth surface, it is ground and primed.

Many are interested how to glue veneer on chipboard or plywood. Easiest to work with flat surfaces, for example, a coffee table without ledges and other curly elements.

To finish it with veneer, you will need:

sheet of white paper,
iron,
thin cutter,
sandpaper,
glue,
wooden block.

Pick up several sheets of plywood in width and length, preferably with a small margin. The veneer can be simple and curly. In the first case, the fibers are arranged in parallel, in the second, the pattern is more diverse, and you can experiment with it.

Apply a thin, even layer of glue to the tabletop and veneer sheets.

Put the sheet of material in the right place and smooth it with a heated iron. To avoid burning through the veneer, use White list paper as an interlayer between the material and the iron.

Iron the heated place with a wooden bar.

Lay the next sheet slightly overlapped and repeat the procedure. Excess material is carefully cut off.

It is important not to overexpose the glue while it dries, as it quickly loses its properties.

After finishing gluing, make sure there are no air bubbles by tapping the surface. If they remain, cut them with a thin cutter, if necessary, pour in a little glue and heat again with an iron.

VIDEO

the color of veneer sheets should be matched to the color of wallpaper, furniture and other interior elements,
veneer sheets of different tree species joined together look original,
if you decide to pre-paint the sheets, wash them after painting running water and dry in a warm place, but not near heating appliances.

Thus following simple algorithm, you can quickly, easily and inexpensively give a second life to many things in the house, as well as realize your design ideas.

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