What part is missing on the machine std 120. Description of the machine STD120M. The machine has a special trident fork

study the structure of the STD-120 M wood lathe and familiarize yourself with turning techniques.

Maybe you have already encountered work on this machine?
Do you know anything about this topic?

There are several sites that will help you to consider this topic in more detail:

The presentation prepared by me will also help us to get acquainted with the device of the STD-120 M lathe:

The device of the STD-120 M lathe

You also need to know the basic characteristics of the machine you are learning so that you know what kind of products you can make on it.

Main technical characteristics:

The largest diameter of the processed workpiece is 190 mm.

The maximum turning length is 500 mm.

The spindle has two rotation speeds: 980 rpm and 2350 rpm.

Supply voltage three-phase 380 V.

The height of the centers above the level of the bed is 120mm.

Distance between centers 500 mm.

Electric motor power 0.4 kW

Machine dimensions: 1250 x 575 x 550 mm.

Net weight = 100 kg, gross = 120 kg.

Tools you will need when working on the machine:

The set of the lathe - STD - 120 M includes four cutters (two semi-circular for rough turning - peep and two in the form flat chisel- meisel for fine turning). To perform the work provided for by the school curriculum, this is enough, but to expand the range of products performed in the classroom, without homemade tools not enough. I made homemade turning tools from outdated files and chisels. Unlike traditional rough cutter, it has two or more cutting edges simple sharpening. Due to this, the cutter does not slide to the side during turning, like a semicircular one. Therefore, it is safer to work. For ease of use, there are two cutters for finishing, sharpened on one edge with left-handed and right-handed sharpening. Removing thin chips, they provide high quality treated surface. The shaped turning cutter has a semicircular cutting edge. Unlike the factory semicircular, it is easier to sharpen. With internal turning, at the beginning we make a hole with a small diameter drill, which is then reamed with a larger diameter drill. After that, we proceed to boring, for which we will use a home-made cutter, the machined surface. The shaped turning cutter has a semicircular cutting edge. Unlike the factory semicircular, it is easier to sharpen. With internal turning, at the beginning we make a hole with a small diameter drill, which is then reamed with a larger diameter drill. After that, we proceed to boring, for which we will use a homemade cutter.

To prepare a workpiece for processing on the STD-120 M machine and get acquainted with the methods of turning a workpiece, we will watch a video:

YouTube video

We will get acquainted with similar lathes in the following video clip:

YouTube video

Now let's get acquainted with the safety rules, since working on the machine is traumatic! ! !

Safety rules before starting work

1. Properly put on overalls, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves with buttons, avoid tying them with a ribbon, hide your hair under a headdress.

2. Check the presence and reliability of fastening of protective fences and the connection of protective grounding (zeroing) with the machine body.

3. Arrange the tools in a certain order on the bedside table or on a special device, remove everything unnecessary from the machine.

4. Check that there are no knots and cracks in the workpiece, plan the workpiece to the desired shape, and then securely fix the workpiece in the rotating centers on the machine.

5. Install a tool rest with a gap of 2-3 mm from the workpiece and fix it at the height of the center line of the workpiece.

6. Check the serviceability of the cutting tool and the correctness of its sharpening.

7. Check the operation of the machine at idle, as well as the serviceability of the starting box by turning its buttons on and off.

8. Put on protective goggles before starting work.

Safety rules during work

1. Serve cutting tool on the material only after the work shaft has reached full speed.

2. Feed the tool smoothly, without strong pressure.

3. Timely move the handpiece to the workpiece, not allowing the gap to increase.

4. To avoid injury while operating the machine:

Do not tilt your head close to the machine.

Do not accept or pass items through a running machine

Do not measure the workpiece until after complete

stop its rotation.

Do not stop the machine by braking with the hand being machined.

details

Do not leave the machine without turning it off.

Safety rules after work

The manufacturer of the wood lathe std-120m is IP Chuprakov Roman Viktorovich, the city of Kirov. Website address: http://std120.ru

STD-120M, STD-120 Wood lathe, desktop training. Purpose, scope

Lathe on wood STD-120M is designed for the manufacture of small-sized parts from wood. It compares favorably with its predecessor - the STD-120 machine, primarily in that the traumatic zones have a protective fence, workplace equipped with local lighting, improved circuit diagram management, measures have been taken to reduce the level of noise and vibration, a system for mechanized waste disposal - a dust-chip catching installation - has been specially developed.

The training wood lathe STD-120M is designed to perform light turning work on wood and in centers, on a faceplate or in a chuck, as well as to perform simple drilling work:

• turning of cylindrical and profile bodies of revolution
• trimming, rounding and cutting workpieces under different angles
• internal turning according to a given profile and drilling
• profile and decorative processing flat surfaces large diameter on a faceplate (like a plate, cup)

STD-120M General view of a woodworking lathe

STD-120M General view of a woodworking lathe without a protective cover and fence

The composition of the STD-120M lathe (Fig. 2)

The machine consists of the following assembly units and parts:

1. electric motor
2. push button switch
3. V-belt transmission
4. spindle
5. headstock
6. button block
7. lamp
8. body with fork center
9. handyman
10. protective screen
11. clamp handle
12. machine guard
13. tailstock
14. flywheel
15. bed with guides
16. supporting leg
17. fixing nut
18. pinole
19. Centre
20. stopper handle
21. holder (carriage)
22. double nut
23. wooden platform
24. support bars
25. waste suction slot

The headstock of the STD-120M lathe is used to install and fasten the workpiece and transmit rotational motion to it.

The headstock consists of a shaped body cast from cast iron. It has two holes coaxially bored for radial spherical bearings.

The spindle is a steel shaped shaft, on the right end of which a thread is cut for screwing the cartridge, faceplate and other special devices to secure workpieces.

At the left end of the spindle, a two-stage drive pulley is mounted, which receives movement through a V-belt drive from an electric motor. Caps with felt packings are attached to the headstock on both sides.

To start and stop the spindle of the STD-120M machine, a control post is located on the body of the headstock, and a lamp is placed on top.

V-belt transmission. A two-stage pulley is rigidly fixed to the motor shaft of the STD-120m lathe, which, using a V-belt, transmits rotation to a two-stage pulley mounted on the spindle of the STD-120 machine. By rearranging the belt from one step to another, you can change the spindle speed. V-belt transmission of STD-120m machine is closed metal fence, the opening cover of which is interlocked with an electric motor through a limit switch. When it is opened, the electric motor is turned off and the spindle of the STD-120m machine stops.

A two-stage pulley is rigidly fixed on the motor shaft, which, using a V-belt, transmits rotation to a two-stage pulley mounted on the machine spindle. The V-belt transmission is closed by a metal fence, the opening cover of which is interlocked with the electric motor through the limit switch so that when it is opened, the electric motor is turned off and the machine stops. The guard cover is locked with a screw.

• a - spiral self-centering chuck
• b - cup cartridge
• c - trident
• g - vice chuck
• d - faceplate
• e - cylindrical cartridge
• g - body with a fork center
• h - special cartridge with teeth
• 1 - teeth
• 2 - central prong
• 3 - fencing of the teeth
• 4 - cartridge cone

Depending on the type of workpiece and the work performed, one of the devices included in the machine kit must be installed on the spindle of the STD-120m machine: a chuck, a center fork or a faceplate. The STD-120M chuck is used to secure short workpieces when machining from the end. The center fork of the STD-120 machine is designed for fixing long wooden blanks when processing in the centers. The faceplate of the STD-120m machine is a metal disk, in the center of which a boss protrudes with internal thread for screwing onto the spindle.

Depending on the shape and purpose of the future part, the workpiece is installed in the centers of the headstock and tailstock or on the headstock spindle. In all cases, the workpiece should be positioned so that it receives the rotational movement of the spindle. For these purposes, there are many devices that can be divided into the following groups: for fixing the workpiece in the centers, for fixing the workpiece by the outer surface and for fixing the workpiece by the holes.

To fix the workpiece in the centers, the most widely used trident. One end of the trident has the shape of a cone corresponding to the cone in the headstock spindle, and the other end has the shape of a trident fork. When fixing the workpiece, one of its ends with the intended groove is inserted into the trident, and the second is pressed by the center of the tailstock quill.

To secure the workpiece to the outer surface, the following devices are used: cup, vice and cam chucks, faceplate.

cup chuck has a cylindrical cavity on one side, and on the other - a conical shank for installation in the headstock spindle. The rounded part of the workpiece is tightly inserted (nailed) into the cavity of the cartridge or clamped with bolts.

vise chuck used in cases where part of the product has the shape of a quadrangle (faceted surface). For processing, the workpiece is inserted into the vise of the cartridge and clamped with a screw. Cup and vice chucks sometimes have screw threads instead of taper shanks for mounting on the outside of the spindle.

For fixing products to the outer surface, they are also used three-jaw self-centering and four-jaw chucks with independent movement of cams. The three-jaw chuck provides fast and reliable clamping and centering of the workpiece due to the simultaneous radial movement of the jaws. Each three-jaw chuck can be used to secure the product both for the outer and for inner surface. To do this, such cartridges are supplied with two sets of cams.

For the tailstock, it is advisable to use a self-rotating center (on bearings) with a Morse taper.

On the faceplate, large workpieces and flat discs are processed, for which holes are provided in it, through which the workpiece is fixed with screws. Please note that the screws must not protrude onto the workpiece surface to be machined. The faceplate is screwed onto the spindle after the workpiece is fixed.

Mass application for fastening products from the hole has a variety of frames. Frame designs are chosen depending on the purpose of the product, they are mainly of two types - corrugated and collet.

For the manufacture on a lathe for processing various parts, a cutter-saw is used. This device can be used for cutting rings from aluminum and brass tubes (on a metal lathe) and for cutting blanks from plastics, plexiglass and other materials.

During operation, the cutter-saw is installed on the machine tool so that the bar rests on the workpiece surface to be machined. Then the torch is evenly fed forward. The limiter makes it possible to set the required depth of turning in cases where the workpiece is not cut off at all.

The device is easy to make. The cutter-saw is made from a hacksaw blade. The rest of the parts are made of ornamental steel.

A device for grinding turning products is used when grinding finished products on a lathe. It allows to achieve good quality grinding, convenient and safe to operate. This fixture is easy to make in any workshop. A plate of porous rubber or felt is glued onto the bar, on top of which a sanding paper is applied (preferably on a fabric base). The edges are clamped between the slats with a wing nut. Hooks-limiters provide safe work. Hooks are attached to the base with rivets. The device can also be used for polishing products.

The tailstock of the STD-120 machine serves as a support when processing long workpieces, supporting them with the rear center, and for fixing the chuck for drills, the drills themselves and other tools in the processing of holes in its quill. The tailstock STD-120 consists of a body with a quill that slides along the frame guides. The tailstock of the STD-120 machine is fixed on the bed rails.

On the one hand, the quill has a hole bored into a Morse taper, into which the rear center, chucks or drills with a shank with the same taper are inserted. On the other hand, a bushing with an internal thread is pressed in. The quill moves freely in the hole in the upper part of the body. From rotation around its axis, the quill protects the set screw, which enters the groove on outer surface quills.

A quill (feed) screw is paired with a threaded bushing, at one end of which a flywheel is mounted on a key and secured with a nut. Rotating with the flywheel, the quill screw moves the quill through the threaded bushing.

Fixing the quill in the desired position is carried out by the clamp handle. The tailstock is fixed with a nut on a frame with a cracker and a bolt, for screwing which is attached combination key. To lubricate the quill and screw, there are oil-conducting holes in the body of the headstock and quill.

The toolholder with the holder of the STD-120M machine serves as a support for the cutting tool. The hand rest holder consists of a rectangular bar with a tide, into the hole of which the hand rest rod is inserted. The handpiece of the STD-120 machine is fixed at the desired height and in a certain position with a handle. The hand rest holder is fixed on the guides of the STD-120M machine bed special screw and handle through the washer. To work with short and long workpieces, the machine is equipped with two toolholders 200 mm and 400 mm long.

Lathe bed STD-120m

The STD-120m cast iron machine bed on two legs is mounted on a stand and is the base on which the main components of the STD-120M machine are mounted. The headstock of the machine is fixed on the left side of the frame. The holder with a handpiece and the tailstock of the machine move along the guides of the bed and are fixed in a certain position.

Fencing of the cutting zone of the STD-120M machine

The cutting zone fencing on the STD-120m machine serves to protect the worker from flying chips and reduce the concentration of dust in the breathing zone of the worker to the established sanitary norms. It consists of a metal casing and folding screens.

Devices for installation and fastening of workpieces of the STD-120 lathe

cutting tools

The machine is equipped with two types of cutting tools: rave and maizol. Reyers for the STD-120 machine are a grooved cutter, similar in shape to a semicircular carpentry chisel. Meisels for the STD-120 machine are cutters that have the shape of a flat chisel with a blade.

Schematic diagram of a woodworking lathe STD-120M

Electrical equipment for woodworking lathe STD-120M

The electrical equipment of the STD-120 lathe is designed to be connected to a three-phase alternating current voltage 380 V with dead-earthed neutral. In the control cabinet of the STD-120 lathe, there is also a 380/24 V lighting transformer. asynchronous motor. The machine is controlled from the control post located on the headstock of the machine. Connecting the electrical equipment of the STD-120M lathe to three-phase network voltage of 380 V and its grounding is made by the Customer. Turning on the machine without connecting it to the ground line is not allowed.

Technical characteristics of the STD-120M lathe