Nail plate press. Nail plates: fast and reliable connection. The main characteristics of compounds from MZP
It is a metal plate, on the surface of which there are several rows of spikes made by stamping.
It is they who, during the installation of this fastener, “dig into” the wood and are firmly fixed in it.
Depending on the variety and size, nail plates can have from 2 to 16 rows of spikes, the height of which is usually about 8-14 millimeters.
The fastening element is made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm by cold stamping, the teeth have a height of up to 14 mm.
What are toothed blades made of?
Serial production of nail (toothed) plates is carried out on a specialized industrial equipment. They are made from galvanized sheet steel.
In the production of this type of fastener, powerful hydraulic presses are actively used, which are characterized by high productivity.
This equipment makes it possible to obtain high-quality and, importantly, relatively inexpensive nail plates in large quantities.
Scope of application of nail plates with GP marking
Metal serrated nail plates are also used as connectors for construction.
They are excellent for firmly connecting the elements of wooden rafters used in the construction of buildings with large spans.
Mounting plates (toothed) are also used to connect the timber, and it turns out to be very strong and durable. This fastener significantly simplifies and speeds up the assembly of lattice frames.
Benefits of studded mounting plates
Studded fastener connectors have gained wide popularity due to numerous benefits and the benefits that their use promises.
The main one is, perhaps, that this fastener guarantees a strong and durable connection. wooden parts. At the same time, the wood does not split, its integrity is preserved.
Due to the availability of quality anti-corrosion coating, nail plates practically do not rust, which is especially important for such a hygroscopic material as wood.
The nail plate is used for fastening the rafter part of the house, as well as for joints in frame housing construction. It is a strip (plate) made of galvanized sheet steel with stamped nails (teeth). Manufacture of nail plates by cold stamping hydraulic press allows you to get high-quality connecting elements. The standard insert teeth are 8 millimeters high. One nail plate can have from 2 to 16 rows of teeth.
The thickness of the nail plate is from 1 mm, the width can be, depending on the size, from 20 to 132 mm, and the length - from 76 to 1250 mm. With the help of metal toothed connecting plates, such wooden structural elements as boards, beams, beams, lying in the same plane, can be connected without the use of nails, screws and other fasteners.
Why fastening can be a problem
The issue of fastening is very important due to the characteristics of wood, its "behavior" depending on weather conditions. As the degree of humidity changes, wooden building elements shrink or grow in size and are often subject to bending. As a result, there are large and long-term "stress" in the places of their connections and fit. The reason for this may also be the construction of a light foundation or its complete absence (which is possible based on the light weight and elasticity wooden structures), leading to a change in the geometry of these structures.
When using a metal plate, an increased corrosion resistance of the connecting element is provided, which favors its operation in conditions high humidity, as well as when performing external works.
Nail plate properties
The connecting nail (toothed) plate has important advantages in comparison with other types of fasteners. For example, from separately driven nails, each of which is by itself.
-*The strength of the bond with the tree is achieved tooth shape and angle of inclination, arrangement in rows. At the junction of elements wooden structures the nail plate forms a joint with high strength properties that no other can compete with fastener. These indicators are verified by many mechanical tests of structures.
-*Common monolithic platform- the base on which all the teeth are attached eliminates the possibility of their mobility and swaying. The platform becomes a common, binding basis for the connected structural parts, due to which the connection is again given the quality of strength.
make it possible to provide excellent strength even when splicing wooden structural elements by butt joint.
-*Parts are attached exceptionally firmly. it's the same proven by experience. For example, a beam assembled using a plate of two butt-joined wooden beams, when exposed to a fracture, it broke not at the junction of structural elements, but in the monolithic part of the beam. Thus, the monolithic platform of the nail plate completely prevents shifting or loosening of the teeth and becomes solid foundation connecting node.
-*If needed drawing is possible electroplating is a possible additional service at the request of the customer. Such a coating will give additional durability to the steel nail plate.
-*Metal toothed plates installed faster than traditional views fasteners due to its unique design. This will significantly save the time of construction and installation work on fastening the elements of the truss and under truss systems.
-*Due to the possibility of manufacturing floor beams with "corridors" specially designed for this purpose this method of fastening facilitates the laying of communications(ventilation ducts).
The listed qualities of nail connecting plates have become the reason for their widespread use in the construction and construction of wooden structures for any purpose. The simplicity of the nail plate design concept brings exceptional strength and durability to the joint.
Experience with nail plates
Steel nail plates have been used for more than twenty years in Canada and the USA, it was in North America that they began to be widely used in the construction of wooden structures. This fastening method is now widely used throughout Europe. With the help of industrially produced roof structures on the basis of plates, you can build almost any type of roofs, attics, attic space, skylights, etc.
Roofs using nail plates are applicable in all types of structures, for example:
- residential houses,
- industrial,
- agricultural,
- sports and commercial facilities.
In addition to truss structures, this technology can be successfully used for:
- reconstruction of buildings and flat roofs, where the plates are considered indispensable view fasteners;
- production of panels for walls;
- production of lattice frames,
- construction of formwork for concrete structures,
- construction of large-span premises, completely made of wood.
The possibility of creating trusses with a span of more than 30 meters without internal supports (for example, tennis courts), which has arisen in connection with the use of connecting plates, is widely used. The plates can be successfully used when splicing boards along the length.
Tooth (nail) plate is a strong, fast and economical connection for wooden structures. The distinctive advantages and properties of this fastening contribute to its ever wider distribution in construction. wooden houses and facilities in our country. The possibility of acquiring this product is becoming more and more accessible, and those who are interested can appreciate the convenience and quality of this fastener in practice.
In we wrote that the Kirov enterprise "Steelcap" launched its analogue of the European nail plate GNA20 (our name is GP). This plate is distinguished by a low tooth (8.5 mm) of a specific shape. It was not easy to repeat such a product, but the Kirov engineers and craftsmen did it. Builders appreciated the quality and affordable price Russian nail plate and there is a steady demand for it. However, for wooden structures big size plates with a low tooth are not enough.
Therefore, at the beginning of May, in addition to the existing line of GP nail plate (tooth height 8.5 mm), Steelcap began production of high-tooth MZP.
This product is an analogue of the European T150 nail plate and the domestic MZP-1.2, made of galvanized steel 1.2 mm thick and has a tooth height of 14 mm. Plate width 124, 145, 176 and 206 mm. Length from 204 to 1250 mm. The difference in size compared to the GNA20 plate is clearly visible in the photo. The use of such fasteners is advisable in critical assemblies or with a significant difference in the thickness of the parts to be joined.
At the moment, the first stage of production has been launched, which involves the use of manual labor in some operations. Because of this, performance is still low. But work is underway to complete the acquisition automated line CNC, which will be launched this quarter. After launch full cycle production, the new nail plate will be available in any size and quantity.
At all times, buildings and structures made of wood were popular, despite main disadvantage material - its combustibility. But by the tree great amount positive qualities, such as: the availability of this material, strength, environmental friendliness, relatively low weight, ease of processing. All this makes wood construction popular today. And the fire resistance and durability of wood began to be successfully improved, impregnating the material with special compounds. With all the popularity wooden construction, there was always a problem of strong fastening of wooden parts of the structure. We have to take into account that wooden building elements, as their degree of humidity changes, constantly change their dimensions and are prone to bending. As a result, large and long-term forces arise at the points of their connections and fit. It must also be remembered that, as a rule, based on the light weight and elasticity of wooden buildings, they are often built on light foundations and even without a foundation at all. And this often leads to a change in the geometry of the structure, and as a result, the emergence of all kinds of stresses at the joints of the structure. Therefore, the issue of reliable durable connection of wooden parts (beams, beams, boards, etc.) is very important in construction.
A wonderful solution to the problem of reliable connection of wooden structural elements and steel nail plates (MZP). The mass construction of wooden structures with the use of metal toothed (nail) plates originates in North America. And at present, designs using connecting plates are widely used throughout Europe. With the help of commercially available plate-based truss structures, almost any type of roof, attic, attic space, skylight, etc. can be built. Roofs using nail plates are applicable in all types of structures. These are, for example, residential buildings, industrial, agricultural, sports and commercial buildings. The plates are also indispensable in the reconstruction of buildings and flat roofs. In addition to truss structures, this technology can be used to produce wall panels, lattice frames, formwork for concrete structures, large-span rooms made entirely of wood. The possibility of creating trusses with a span of more than 30 meters without internal supports (for example, tennis courts), which has arisen in connection with the use of connecting plates, is widely used.
The idea behind the nail plates is simple and the efficiency is exceptionally high. The cost of the nail connection plate is minimal, and the assembly time of the structure is reduced.
- this is not at all an analogue of a pile of driven nails, each of which is on its own.
The shape of the teeth and their angle of inclination, arrangement in rows guarantee a strong grip with the tree. All teeth have a common monolithic base platform, which excludes the possibility of their mobility and swaying. The base platform also becomes a common, connecting basis for two interconnected structural parts. As a result, it provides the strongest connection even butt-composed parts. For example, a beam assembled from two butt-joined wooden beams, when trying to break it, broke not at the place of stitching with nail connectors, but in the monolithic part of the beam.
Galvanized coating provides additional durability to the steel nail plate.
All of the above convincingly speaks of the expediency of using nail connecting plates in the construction and construction of wooden structures for any purpose.
Such wooden structures are most relevant in the construction of garages, outbuildings and cottages.
Given technical guidance describes the principles of connecting parts, provides illustrations of the main structural units and recommendations for choosing sections for elements of wooden hanging truss systems.
More complex types of wooden structures must be calculated and assembled at the manufacturer's factory.
Rice. 11.01 Installation of self-made wooden hanging truss systems. The joints of the lower belt should rest on the bearing walls in the middle of the span.
- The upper and lower chords of the structures are in the same plane.
- Steel perforated plates are located on both sides.
- The lower construction belt is attached to the upper overlay.
- Wooden linings are allowed to be nailed on one side only.
- Bolted connection using lock washers with external teeth, clamped between the parts to be joined, as well as using washers.
Rice. 11.02 Span, roof angle, bearing wall location 1. The lower belt of home-made wooden triangular three-hinged arches (hanging truss systems), designed for a span of more than 4.2 m, should rest in the middle on a load-bearing wall.
Rice. 11.03 Example of a steel perforated plate with the arrangement of holes guaranteeing optimal distance between nails Table 11.1
| Snow load S 0 , kN/m² | Roof angle 18°≤ α ≤ 22° | Roof angle 22°≤ α ≤ 37° | Roof angle 37° ≤ α ≤ 45° | ||||||||||
| Span L*, m | Upper belt h, mm | Lower belt h, mm | Upper belt h, mm | Lower belt h, mm | The connection of the upper and lower chords, the junction of the parts of the lower chord***** | Upper belt h, mm | Lower belt h, mm | The connection of the upper and lower chords, the junction of the parts of the lower chord***** | |||||
| Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | ||||||||
| 2,5 | 3,0 | 123 | 173 | 6 | 50 | 123 | 173 | 5 | 50 | 123 | 173 | 3 | 50 |
| 3,6 | 148 | 198 | 7 | 62 | 148 | 198 | 6 | 50 | 148 | 198 | 4 | 50 | |
| 4,2 | 173 | 223 | 8 | - | 173 | 223 | 7 | 62 | 173 | 223 | 4 | 50 | |
| 4,8 | 198 | 148 | 9 | - | 198 | 148 | 8 | - | 198 | 148 | 5 | 62 | |
| 5.4 | 198 | 148 | 10 | - | 198 | 148 | 8 | - | 198 | 148 | 5 | 62 | |
| 6.0 | 223 | 173 | 11 | - | 223 | 173 | 9 | - | 223 | 173 | 5 | 62 | |
| 6,6 | 223 | 173 | 12 | - | 223 | 173 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| 4,5 | 3,0 | 123 | 173 | 8 | - | 123 | 173 | 7 | 62 | 123 | 173 | 4 | 50 |
| 3,6 | 173 | 198 | 10 | - | 148 | 198 | 9 | - | 148 | 198 | 5 | 62 | |
| 4,2 | 198 | 223 | 11 | - | 173 | 223 | 10 | - | 173 | 223 | 6 | 62 | |
| 4,8 | 223 | 148 | 13 | - | 223 | 148 | 11 | - | 223 | 148 | 7 | - | |
| 5,4 | 223 | 148 | 14 | - | 223 | 148 | 12 | - | 223 | 148 | 7 | - | |
| 6,5 | 3,0 | 148 | 173 | 11 | - | 148 | 173 | 9 | - | 148 | 173 | 5 | 62 |
| 3,6 | 173 | 198 | 13 | - | 173 | 198 | 11 | - | 173 | 198 | 6 | - | |
| 4,2 | 223 | 223 | 15 | - | 198 | 223 | 13 | - | 198 | 223 | 7 | - | |
|
* The thickness of the construction belts is 48 mm, the lumber grade is 3rd, the center distance between the arches is 600 mm. |
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Rice. 11.04 Basic parameters of homemade wooden teugular arches - Upper belt of a homemade wooden triangular arch.
- Lower belt.
- span.
- Overhang.
- Roof angle.
- The binding of the load-bearing wall should reach up to the outer edge of the junction of the upper and lower chords of the truss.
- The overhang of the roof should not exceed 500 mm.
Rice. 11.05 Connection of the upper and lower chords of the structure using perforated steel plates and nails - For homemade wooden arches in this case, plates are used on both sides:
100×240×1.5 mm if the span is up to 4.2m
100×300×1.5 mm if the span is over 4.2m
In this case, the calculated snow load should be less than 4.5 kN / sq.m. - Minimum distance from end wooden element must be greater than 60mm.
- In this case, you need to use corrugated nails 4.0 × 40 mm, evenly distributing them over the plate, observing the minimum indents (points 3 and 4). The number of nails per connection is selected according to table 11.1.
Table 11.2
Rice. 11.06 Connection of the upper and lower chords of the arches with a bolt and two one-sided lock washers with external teeth, clamped between the parts to be joined, as well as using washers - Lock washers with external teeth - 2 pcs. The diameter of the lock washers is selected according to table 11.1.
- Bolt, 20 mm. Minimum distances from the end and edges of wooden elements, see table 11.2.
- Washer, 60×60×5 mm.
Rice. 11.07 Connection of the upper chords of triangular arches in the ridge with steel perforated plates and nails - Perforated steel plates 80 × 140 × 1.5 mm are used on both sides.
- On each side, along the outer edge of the plate, 2 corrugated nails 4.0 × 40 mm are hammered.
- The area of the plate that is allowed to be used for driving nails.
- The minimum distance from the end of the wooden element must be more than 40mm.
- The minimum distance from the edge of the wooden element must be greater than 28mm.
Rice. 11.08 Connecting the upper chords of the arches in the ridge using overlays from boards or plywood - Overlay 148 × 300 mm from a board with a thickness of more than 30 mm or from plywood with a thickness of more than 15 mm.
- The area of the plate that is allowed to be used for driving nails.
- Nails 3.5×90 mm, 8 pcs. from each side.
Rice. 11.09 The joint of the lower chord of a homemade wooden triangular arch should always be located above the support. If there is no support, then breaks in the lower belt are unacceptable, and maximum length lower belt must be less than 4.2 m 
Rice. 11.10 Connecting the elements of the lower chord of the arch with steel perforated plates and nails - Perforated steel plates 100×300×1.5 mm are mounted on each side and centered relative to the joint.
- The area of the plate that is allowed to be used for driving nails.
- The grooved nails 4.0x40 mm should be placed as evenly as possible over the outer holes of the plate.
Rice. 11.11 Connection of elements of the lower chord of arches using bolts and one-sided lock washers with external teeth, clamped between the parts to be joined, as well as using washers - The junction of the elements of the lower belt of the arch.
- Minimum distances are given in table 11.2.
- The thickness of the lining and the thickness of the elements of the lower chord of the arch must be the same.
- Lock washers with external teeth - 2 pcs. to the connection. The diameter of the lock washers is selected according to table 11.1.
- Bolt, 20 mm.
- Washer, 60×60×5 mm.
Rice. 11.12 Diagonal wind braces 23×98 attached to each triangular arch 1. Diagonal wind connection.
Rice. 11.13 Diagonal wind ties are attached to the lower edge of the upper chords of the arch with 3 nails 2.8 × 75 or 3.4 × 95 mm 1. Fastening of the diagonal wind connection to the upper belt of the structure.
Rice. 11.14 Anchoring wooden arches with perforated steel bands 
Rice. 11.15 If there are arches on the installation path chimneys or other obstacles, then the arch is shifted to the side. On the other side of the obstacle, an additional arch is installed. - Triangular arch, which should be moved to the side.
- Additional triangular arch.
The material was prepared by the designer Vladislav Vorotyntsev on the basis of the Norwegian technology of frame housing construction, developed by the SINTEF Institute