When entering a room, the first thing people notice is the ceiling. The overall impression of the interior most often depends on appearance and condition of the ceiling structure. Therefore, it is very important to support given element in proper condition, timely monitors its cleanliness. Sometimes it may be necessary to perform a major or redecorating ceiling structure.

In this case, you can use the services of expensive specialists or carry out repairs yourself. You should know that such work can be performed by every person who has at least a little experience in performing repair work.

How to make a ceiling with your own hands?

The cost of repairing ceiling structures will depend on the complexity of the work. The cheapest way is to prime the structure and create insulation. The cost of this type of work is approximately 55 rubles per 1 m². The most expensive are putty works.

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Existing types of ceilings

Today in living quarters there are different kinds ceiling structures. The most common are the following:

• painted construction;
• whitewashed construction;
• glued ceiling;
• suspension structure;
• stretch ceiling.

Each of existing species has its own characteristics, on which the cost of repair work and labor costs depend.

Repair of the ceiling must begin with preparatory work. At this stage, it will be necessary to clean the structure from old finishing materials, prime and level the base, repair all joints. The thoroughness of the preparation will depend on what type of ceiling structure needs to be done. For example, the base of the ceiling structure for whitewashing must be made even, while a flat base is not needed for a stretch ceiling.

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How to clean the ceiling?

If you plan to carry out repairs in new apartment or a private house, then the old coating will not need to be removed. In this case, it will be possible to immediately proceed to the repair of joints and priming work. If you plan to repair the ceiling in an old room, then the first step will be to clean the base of the ceiling.

In most cases, the ceiling is whitewashed, plastered with lime mortar or covered with wallpaper. Cleaning the structure from such materials is quite simple. To do this, you need to take an ordinary roller and a bar to it. The roller will need to be moistened with water and slightly squeezed so that water stops draining from it, but it is wet. After that, you need to roll part of the ceiling. At first, the tool should not be pressed too hard, but each time you need to press it harder. As soon as the roller is completely dry, you will need to dip it again in water and repeat all the steps on a new section of the ceiling structure. You will need to wet an area of ​​​​several m², then take a spatula and start peeling off the whitewash, wallpaper or plaster mixture to a concrete surface or putty.

If a putty layer is found under the old finishing layer, it should be checked for strength with a spatula. If it is securely fastened to the base of the ceiling, it can be left in place. If the putty begins to fall off and crumble, it should be removed and a new one applied in the future.

In some cases, the ceilings are painted with paint. Know what to delete similar material quite difficult. This can be done by several methods: chemical and mechanical. For the first method, you will need a wash, which is sold in any hardware store. Once the base is saturated with the remover, the paint can be easily separated from the base. It is worth noting that the process of softening the material can take approximately 10 hours. The second method involves cleaning from paint various tools however, this is a long process.

If there are decorative elements or polystyrene tiles on the ceiling, they can be removed with a spatula with a metal blade. It may be that part of the adhesive mixture remains on the ceiling structure. To remove it, you will need to make some effort, but the result should be a clean base.

If performed overhaul suspended or tension structure, then you need to disassemble and dismantle the structure in order to be able to get to the ceiling. In this case, there are no recommendations.

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How to make a ceiling primer?

After the ceiling has been cleaned of the final coating and decorative elements, the surface will need to be primed. Priming begins with checking all joints and seams. They need to be filled gypsum mixture or plaster, which will hold firmly. If the mixture in some places of the joints will crumble a little from blows to it, then you will need to clean the joints and fill them again with a mixture on gypsum or cement base. In this case, you can also use a solution from a special dry building mix with fiber elements. After the seams are filled, you will need to level the protruding mixture with the plane of the ceiling structure and allow it to dry completely.

The next step is to prime the ceiling. The base needs to be primed. deep penetration to get better adhesion and strengthen the base. To apply the primer, use a roller or brush. Work must be done with gloves so that it is possible to protect your hands from the solution. It will be possible to proceed to subsequent work only after the primer has completely dried.

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How to perform puttying and plastering?

These works will need to be done, as in most cases the concrete surface is uneven. This is especially important if you plan to repair the ceiling by wallpapering, painting or whitewashing. The leveling method will depend on the skills of the builder and the preferences of the owner of the apartment or private house.

However, there are some features that may affect the choice of alignment method. Plaster, for example, will reduce the overall height of the room by a few cm, and it also has a fairly large mass. Putty will shrink a lot, it will need to be applied in several layers, which may affect the time and complexity of this work. The plaster of the ceiling structure is easy to work with, it is convenient to level the base with its help. With the help of putty, it is possible to obtain an even base with a small layer thickness and low weight.

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How to plaster a ceiling?

In order to plaster the ceiling structure, you will need to purchase the following items:

• primer composition;
• dry mortar for construction;
• beacons with fastening for plaster;
• rule 1.5 m long;
• electric drill;
• building level.

Plastering work should be carried out after the substrate has been completely cleaned. You can do it this way:

1. Step back from the wall 18-20 cm, put a mark for the guide. The second mark is placed at the other end of the base, the indent will be the same. With the help of a paint thread, a line should be drawn between the established marks.
2. It will be necessary to retreat 1.2 m from the initial line and repeat the marking steps for the guide.
3. When the markup is done, you will need to drill holes for the fasteners.
4. Next up to the ceiling self-tapping screws guides are attached. With the help of the building level, it is necessary to ensure that the guides are located strictly horizontally, in a single plane. If there is a need to adjust the height, you can unscrew or fasten the screws.
5. Once the guides are installed, you will need to fix them with a thick mixture of plaster and let it dry.
6. It remains only to fill the gaps between the guides with a plaster solution, and then level them with a metal rule.

The process of plastering a ceiling is similar to plastering walls. The difficulty lies only in the fact that the base is not vertical and is located above the head. After the mortar dries, you will have a smooth base on which you can apply the putty mortar and the final coat.

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How to putty the ceiling yourself?

Puttying the ceiling allows you to level its base, however this process takes more time than plaster. In addition, such work is quite difficult to perform if there is no experience with the appropriate tools. To make a putty, you will need the following elements:

• coarse putty mixture;
• clean mortar;
• primer composition;
• painting net;
• spatulas of large and small width;
• solution container.

Ceiling putty is made as follows:

1. If large potholes or dents remain after cleaning and priming the base, first of all it will be necessary to apply several layers of a coarse putty mixture. It has minimal shrinkage, and the layer thickness can be 5 cm. In order to be able to level the base of the ceiling structure and remove excess putty mortar, a wide spatula should be used.
2. On top of the coarse putty mixture, you need to lay the paint grid. This must be done before the building mixture hardens. Such reinforcement will give strength to the entire structure. Next, a large-width spatula must be drawn along the grid with minimal pressure so that it is pressed into the putty layer.
3. If the base of the ceiling is even, then you can immediately use the finishing putty. It should be applied to the base of the ceiling with a wide spatula. The same tool will also need to remove excess building mixture. To give additional strength to the structure, you can use a painting grid for reinforcement.
4. After the initial layer of putty mortar is completely dry, it will be possible to proceed to the final puttying.

To be able to get a smooth base, you should use sandpaper. Once an even base has been obtained, the final finishing coat of the ceiling structure can begin.

Another option for creating an even base is to repair the structure. drywall sheets. The entire surface will need to be sheathed with sheets, and then leveled again with a putty solution. A similar method of leveling the base is necessary for subsequent painting of the structure, whitewashing or pasting with wallpaper or other materials.

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How to make a ceiling - 3 simple ways for self-repair in the apartment

Current methods of finishing ceilings

If you are faced with the question of what to do with the ceiling in a new building, I can offer the following options:

• Plastering is a traditional labor-intensive method;
• Installing suspended ceilings is a relatively new technology, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages;
• Installation of stretch ceiling structures.

Let's consider the listed options in more detail.

Method one - plastering the floor with leveling mixtures

A professional plasterer's tool - some of this we will need

If you don’t know how to finish the surface of the ceiling so that it is of high quality and inexpensive, then this is exactly what you need. Plastering floors, depending on the method of implementation, is divided into two types:

• Plastering on guide beacons- suitable for absolutely all plasterers, both experienced and beginners;
• Plastering without beacons with laying reinforcing mesh- due to the complexity, it is mainly used by qualified specialists.

The use of guide beacons when working with plaster mixtures greatly simplifies the surface finishing process, since all work comes down to uniform contraction of the mortar. An important advantage of working on guide beacons is the possibility of applying a layer of any thickness.

Plastering without beacons is carried out in a thin layer, mainly on even concrete floors. That is, such a process is primarily focused not on leveling the floors, but on filling the relief. The reinforcing mesh in this case is used to ensure that the laid thin layer did not crack.

I propose to consider in general terms how to make repairs and what are the instructions for implementing the listed methods using specific examples.

Plastering with starting and finishing putty on lighthouses

The ceiling alignment instruction for the beacons consists of the following steps:

• The surface to be leveled is cleaned of dirt and primed;
• We determine the curvature of the overlap and decide on the thickness of the applied layer of the leveling mixture;

• By level, we set the guide bars - beacons at a distance of a meter from each other;

I recommend installing beacons on the ceiling either on dowel-nails or on a thick solution of pure alabaster. Fix beacons cement mortar as on the floor, I do not advise, since you have to wait a long time until the solution hardens and at the same time hold the planks.

• After the slats are installed, we prepare a solution from a dry plaster mixture;

• Fully ready solution with the help of a trowel and a spatula, we apply in the gap between the installed beacons;

In order to plaster mix adhered well to the surface and did not fall down, I advise you to slightly moisten the overlap with water from a spray bottle before applying.

• After we have applied a layer of leveling mixture to a 1 × 1 m area, we take the rule, install it on the edge of the applied layer and move towards ourselves along the beacons, tightening and leveling the layer;

In order for the finish to be even the first time, we set the rule on the beacons at an angle of 60 ° and lead ourselves, shifting along the beacons from side to side. Regularly remove the excess mixture from the edge of the rule with a spatula, which we mix with the main volume of the mixture in the bucket.

• After the leveling layer has been applied, we wait for it to dry completely, after which we perform the final leveling and grinding of the finished ceiling.

Thus, for finishing a concrete floor in a new house or in an already operated apartment, plastering is performed twice:

• For the first time, a starting layer is applied, which covers the relief and closes the beacons;
• The second layer is applied in a thin layer finishing putty, which covers the smallest irregularities of the first layer.

You learned how to work with the use of beacons, now it's time to learn how to repair the ceiling using a grid.

Plastering the ceiling on the grid

This method is especially good for new apartments where the ceiling is more or less smooth. concrete floor to be aligned. In the instructions I will tell and show how a cement-sand mixture (CPS) is used as a leveling mortar. To reinforce the applied layer was applied plaster mesh with a cell side of 5 mm.

The instruction consists of the following steps:

• The surface is dedusted and primed;

By the way, not to mess with paint rollers and baths, I recommend applying the primer with the usual garden sprayer or a sprinkler that is screwed onto plastic bottle. Thus, you can prepare the floor for subsequent finishing much faster. But since part of the sprayed liquid will fall off, you will have to work in a respirator and goggles.

• While the soil dries, we unwind and cut strips of the grid according to the size of the ceiling;

• Then we prepare the DSP or knead the finished plaster mixture;

• After the mixture is prepared, apply it wide spatula a strip with a width equal to the width of the grid, plus 10 cm on the side;

• After the strip of plaster is applied along the entire length of the ceiling, unwind the strip of mesh, applying the edge to the junction of the wall and ceiling;
• Then we draw a spatula along the grid, as if pressing it into the mixture;

• Thus, we pass along the entire strip, reinforcing the plaster;

• Next, we apply the next strip of plaster, reinforce it with a mesh, and so on, until we pass the entire ceiling;

• After the ceiling has been passed, leave it to dry, and after drying, you can apply finishing layer and after it dries, perform grinding with the removal of the surface to zero.

Now you know what can be done with the ceiling if it is not even enough. However, there are other ways, which read on.

Method two - installation of suspended structures

If the question is how to make an even overlap with a large relief, I suggest not to waste time, effort and money on plastering, because you can install suspended structures. Thus, you will underestimate the ceiling in comparison with the height of the ceiling, and the finished result will be perfectly even, and you will achieve this in a short time.

What can be made suspended ceiling? There are many options, but they are all based on the construction of a supporting frame, on top of which certain panels, lining, board materials etc.

This article is clearly not enough to consider all options for installing a false ceiling, so I will focus on the two most common options - on the cladding of the frame with drywall and on the cladding with plastic panels.

Assembly of plasterboard structures

How to make a plasterboard ceiling yourself?

To begin with, I suggest that you familiarize yourself with the assembly technology of a single-level structure. If you get comfortable with installation simple structure, subsequently it will be possible to collect more complex structures two or more levels.

Execution instruction installation work consists of the following steps:

• Via laser level or spirit level are marked at the corners of the profile attachment points;

The minimum distance at which the GKL sheathing can be lowered relative to the ceiling is at least 40 mm. That is, 30 mm is the thickness of the guide profile and 10 mm is the width of the gap for leveling the profile on hangers.

• At the points placed at the corners, we beat off the perimeter with a lace;

• Along the marked perimeter, we fasten the rack profile to the dowel-nails;
• On the ceiling, we mark the place of attachment of the guide profiles at a distance of no more than 1 meter from each other;
• According to the markings made in increments of 60 cm, we attach perforated suspensions to the dowel-nails;

• We push the guide profiles into the perimeter so that they are directly under the suspensions;

• Between the profiles installed around the perimeter, we stretch the cord in the center of the room so that it runs across the guide profiles;
• We align the guide profiles along the cord and fix them with self-tapping screws to the suspensions;

Before proceeding to the next stage, it's time to separate the overlap of communications;

If they live above noisy neighbors, in the technological gap, you can lay soundproofing material, for example, plates mineral wool or crushed polystyrene in bags.

• We fasten the GKL by means of self-tapping screws to the previously assembled frame;

• After the sheathing is fixed on the frame, the gaps between the plates are leveled with putty, the surface is puttied, sanded and painted.

Sheathing with plastic panels

If you don’t know what to make a really cheap ceiling out of, I recommend plastic panels or as they are also called - plastic lining . The fact is that in terms of the finished result, the price of the panels is much more affordable than the use of the same drywall or leveling plaster.

The process of facing the ceiling consists of the following steps:

• Measurement of the premises, calculation and purchase of materials;
• Marking and installation of the supporting frame;
• Installation of a special ceiling plinth;
• Panel installation.

On the initial stage you will need to measure the perimeter of the walls and calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe draft ceiling. Then, in accordance with the dimensions of the sides, you will need to calculate the area of ​​​​one panel. Next, the area of ​​​​the ceiling must be divided by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe panels.

As a result, we will get the amount of necessary materials.

In addition, you will need a rack-mounted reinforced profile for mounting with a solid belt along the perimeter of the walls and guide profiles based on installation with a step of no more than 60 cm in the direction transverse to the direction of the panels. And finally, you will need self-tapping screws with press washers.

If you plan to install fixtures in the ceiling, you will have to purchase a crown for a drill, with which you can drill a hole of the required diameter.

We assemble the supporting frame in the same way as when assembling a plasterboard ceiling. In the gap between the sheathing and the ceiling, it is also possible to lay certain communications and insulating materials in a timely manner.

By the way, if the installation is done indoors or in the kitchen, I recommend fixing a vapor barrier film on the supporting frame before performing the sheathing.

Sheathing installation begins with the installation of special pvc skirting boards, which are attached to the walls with self-tapping screws or framing glue. The first plank is inserted into the plinth frame with both ends and the longitudinal side.

The free longitudinal side with a groove is fixed on the supporting frame with a self-tapping screw. Then, in the same way, set following panels. The last panel is inserted together with the last skirting strip, which is attached with adhesive.

It is not necessary to use metal profiles when mounting the frame. If it is easier for you to work with a wooden beam, the crate can be assembled with a wooden one.

But, just do not forget that the design, assembled from wooden beam, heavier than a frame assembled from metal, therefore, when choosing wood, please note that the load on the floor and on fasteners will increase.

Method three - installation of stretch ceilings

The diagram shows the most common - harpoon type of attachment. stretch ceilings

Most installation instruction vinyl ceilings next:

• Along the perimeter of the room at a pre-marked level, using dowel-nails, we fasten a PVC baguette with a recess for installing the canvas;
• The canvas is carefully unwound along the wall from which you plan to start installation;

• Starting from the corner of the room, we insert the canvas into the profile, pushing it with a special plastic spatula;
• After the canvas is fixed along the length of the entire wall, go to the adjacent wall;
• We heat the canvas with a heat gun so that it stretches better, but at the same time does not sag;

• By heating the film, we fix it around the entire perimeter of the room;
• After cooling, the film will decrease in size, stretch and form a perfectly even coating;

Why Vinyl Ceiling?

• Firstly, the air gap between the canvas and the ceiling will reduce the heat in the apartment on hot summer days;
• Secondly, if roof repair long time it was not carried out and a leak will appear, you will not notice it and this leak will not cause much harm to your ceiling;
• Thirdly, you will be able to even out the curvature of the original ceiling. In old houses on the top floor, the ceiling is slightly littered in order to ensure the flow of water from the roof. This slope does not look very cool, and a stretched canvas will completely solve the problem.

Which ceiling to choose so that it is visually higher?

In order to achieve such a visual effect, I advise you to do multilevel ceiling from drywall. That is, the inner perimeter will be located above the side perimeter, and you are guaranteed to achieve the effect of a high ceiling.

Continuing the theme, so that the room is perceived visually lower, I advise you to use any suspended flat ceiling. The lower you lower it relative to the overlap, the stronger the desired effect will be. You can enhance the effect achieved by painting the ceiling darker than the walls.

If you took up repairs for the first time, try to avoid haste, as haste is, most often, a violation of technology. When repairing a ceiling in violation of technology, be sure that another repair will be required very soon, which means new waste of money and time.

Conclusion

So, now you know how to make ceilings in an apartment or in country house. I am sure that my instructions will help you in carrying out the planned repair. If you have any questions, ask them in the comments to read. And of course, I recommend watching the video in this article.

Currently, apartment owners pay tremendous attention to creating a stylish and functional interior, which would satisfy not only practical needs, but also aesthetic preferences. The variety of options offered by designers allows you to achieve full consent between desires and possibilities without significant labor costs and waste.

Interior design involves a combination of a large number of elements, including important role given to the ceiling. From the correct decoration of the ceiling depends general form rooms.

Each of these varieties differs in the materials used, style, installation method and other parameters.

Stucco molding: features, advantages and disadvantages

A few decades ago, stucco was the property of exclusively large administrative buildings, old houses and museums, however, at present, stucco is a common element of a classic interior.

For the manufacture of stucco, a variety of materials are used:

• gypsum;
• stone (soft);
• alabaster;
• polyurethane;
• polystyrene;
• fiberglass.

Advantages of stucco

Three latest version represent alternative solutions that allow you to make production decorative elements less costly. The advantages of stucco molding from classic materials are impressiveness, reliability, strength, however modern options can also boast some significant advantages: lightness, moisture resistance, good workability and low cost.

Disadvantages of cheap stucco

1. The outlines of the structure give the impression of fuzzy and, as it were, blurred due to the characteristics of the material.
2. Products are fragile and prone to deformation. Any mechanical impact from the outside will damage the structure.

Stucco mounting tools

1. Nails.
2. Air gun.
3. Mounting adhesive.
4. Miter box.
5. Hacksaw.
6. Special glue.
7. Sandpaper.
8. Wet sponge.

Do-it-yourself installation of stucco on the ceiling

Stucco molding made of polyurethane and polystyrene, as a rule, is sold in the form finished structures, so at the preliminary stage you only need to choose the products you like and purchase them. In order to know the required number of elements, calculations should be made, that is, measure the perimeter of the room. On this preparatory work can be considered completed.

Most difficult process- this is the installation of a stucco cornice. Installation technology is presented below.

Step 1. We make marks on the surface of the ceiling and cornices with a simple pencil.

Step 2. We insert the cornice into the miter box and use a hacksaw to cut the product at an angle of 45 degrees. This is required for maximum simple connection corners of the room.

Step 3. We apply assembly glue to the surface of the wall, ceiling and cornice.

Step 4. We apply the cornice according to the markings made and fix it with nails using a pneumatic gun.

Step 5. We fill the gaps with special glue, the shape of the tube and the outlet of which allow the procedure to be carried out without additional tools.

Step 6 We polish the defects with sandpaper.

Step 7. Wipe off the remaining glue with a damp sponge.

Mounting the cornice is the last step in installing stucco on the ceiling. All other work is extremely simple, since for their implementation it is only necessary to apply glue to the surface of the material and the ceiling.

wooden ceiling

No less common options for cladding the ceiling is clapboard trim. In addition to the beauty and functionality of the material, it should be noted that this is almost the only option for wooden buildings.

Advantages of wooden ceilings

Stage 1. Choose the type of lining and frame you like. There are two options: from a bar and metal profile. It is best to stop at the first option, because it is more reliable and economical.

Stage 2. We determine the location of the lining on the surface of the ceiling. If it is placed along the most long wall, then the frame should be mounted across the room. You should think in advance how the junction lines will be hidden. Most often, special flashings and joints are used for this, which are sold in all hardware stores.

Stage 3. We begin to install the frame. To do this, beat off the level with a cord or pencil.

Stage 4. We start drilling holes from the side of the guide edges. The diameter of the holes must be equal to the diameter of the selected dowels.

Stage 6. We take a guide rail (section 30x30 - 50x50 millimeters), apply it to the marks and drill holes in them.

Stage 7. We fasten on self-tapping screws or dowels of the guides at the joints. This is done with the help of a spacer and a building level. The distance between the guides should not exceed fifty centimeters. The frame can be considered ready.

Stage 8. We carefully and consistently install the rails on the frame, maintaining the joints and adjusting the edges. After that, we hide the joints under the flashing and hide the interfaces with the surface of the walls using skirting boards.

One of the most original ceiling finishes is a slatted ceiling made of panels (steel or aluminum). This type of ceiling is ideal for large rooms. Previously, it was used exclusively in offices and shopping malls but it is now a popular option for residences.

The ceiling structure is a frame consisting of suspensions and load-bearing rails.

With the help of the latter, alignment and fastening are carried out. The tires have special grooves in which the installed rail snaps into place. At the top of the tire there is a hole for installing suspensions.

Installation of a metal structure

Stage 1. We remove all residual materials from the ceiling.

Stage 2. We beat off the level at a distance of twenty centimeters from the base ceiling.

Stage 3. We fasten a special guide profile around the perimeter of the room. Usually its length does not exceed three meters, but if necessary, you can use ordinary scissors for cutting metal or a grinder for cutting. The profile is mounted in increments of 50 cm.

Also read the article on our website - installation rack ceiling with your own hands.

Stage 4. We stretch the fishing line along the profile level.

Stage 5. We install suspensions according to the stretched fishing line. The distance between them should not exceed 1.2 m. The step is 30 cm.

Stage 6. We mount the traverses so that the panels fit snugly into the profile.

Stage 7. We stretch the fishing line perpendicular to the hangers, we mount the traverses.

Stage 8. Install the panel. To do this, we adjust its length, cut it off and insert it into the profile.

Stage 9. We snap the traverse.

Stage 10. We mount the remaining panels by analogy.

Stage 11. We cut the extreme rail.

On this, the installation of a metal ceiling can be considered complete.

In those situations where all available options for one reason or another seem unsatisfactory, you can resort to drastic measures, for example, depict a suitable pattern on the ceiling.

In children's rooms, a starry sky is often painted overhead, which sets the child up for sleep in the evenings. In the living rooms and bedrooms, the ceilings are painted with flowers or original patterns. As alternative above your head you can depict a cloudless sky and cherubs soaring in it, which immediately sets you up for a calm and somewhat sublime atmosphere.

In order to visually enlarge the room, it is used tricky trick- an image of a window, and behind it, in the distance, the leaves of trees. Immediately there is a feeling of wide space.

For such a ceiling finish, there are two ways: to invite a master artist, who, by order, to complete a drawing of any complexity, or try your hand.

We paint the ceiling yourself

The listed works are connected with the preparatory stage. The next step is to directly apply the image. To do this, you will need the following tools: a bucket of water, acrylic paints, sponges, pencils, charcoal, ladder, brushes (preferably with natural bristles), palette or flat plate.

These simple steps will help you create a unique interior for your home. Choose the option that suits you personally.

Video - Beautiful do-it-yourself ceiling

Video - DIY metal ceiling

Video - Do-it-yourself ceiling painting

Repair is a rather complicated and painstaking process. But in order to finish it faster, you need to know certain nuances. One of these questions is how to make a ceiling. After all, the view of the whole room depends on the chosen solution.

Today, the market offers a large amount of source material for working with ceiling tiles. Below are the most current options.

Before starting the main process, it is necessary to draw up a general scheme-plan of the future premises. Including depict the desired ceiling design.

After that, work can begin.

The process using this starting material is quite simple. Initially, a slight alignment is carried out ceiling surface. Minor bumps and bumps are allowed. Next, tiles are glued, and a plinth is fixed along the edges of the ceiling.

The advantage of this process is that it can be carried out independently, without seeking help from specialists. Tiles are lightweight, so their installation is carried out without much difficulty. You can clean this ceiling material with a vacuum cleaner or a damp cloth.

The downside is that the shelf life of foam boards is 5-10 years. Over time, they fade and peel off.

Wallpapering

The second option is how to cover the ceiling - wallpaper.

Then the wallpaper is fixed.

One of the most good options are duplex wallpapers. They are ordinary double-sided paper. Such material has good strength, and it is not afraid of possible damage when wet. You can fasten them with an overlap.

pros ceiling wallpaper in that they are quite inexpensive, a decorative strip of paper, a ceiling plinth, may be suitable for processing their edges.

This type of coating is especially relevant for rooms with low ceilings, since the height of the room is preserved.

The disadvantage of gluing is that it is almost impossible to complete this process alone. Particular difficulties will arise when working with corners and transitions on the ceiling.

The service life of wallpaper is on average 7-10 years.

Ceiling painting

Another option for what can be done with the ceiling is to paint it.

Preparatory work in this case is an extremely painstaking work. The ceiling covering needs a complete inspection and identification of even the smallest flaws, since the paint will not hide them.

Primer and putty are unlikely to do here, it will be necessary to apply additional mixtures.

The advantages of such a coating is that it allows you to cool the room. The paint can be combined with false ceilings, creating a complex interior design.

The disadvantages of painting are that this process sometimes does not work the first time, stains appear, which are quite difficult to remove.

It is also difficult to independently bring the ceiling to an ideal state in this case. It is likely that you will have to resort to the help of specialists.

The amount of additional funds used is quite large, so the cost of their acquisition will be considerable.

The service life of staining is on average 10 years. In any case, the color can be refreshed.

Another option for what can be done with the ceiling. With the help of a special lime or chalk mortar, it can be given a snow-white appearance. Depending on the room, the saturation of the shade is also selected.

This is one of the most budgetary and easy to implement options.

This is the most current version to date.

The essence of the workflow is that ceiling covering fixed on the edges vinyl film or fabric base. At the same time, it is absolutely unimportant to carry out work on the preliminary processing of the ceiling coating.

Stretch ceilings are good because the variety of their textures is amazing. They do not let water through in case of possible flooding, thus, protecting furniture, do not retain dust. They have a high rate of durability - 25 years. They can be easily cleaned by wiping with a damp cloth.

Of the minuses, the fact that this coverage option will not allow you to hide communications. If the fact of flooding occurs, then stretch ceilings are unlikely to be restored.

The essence of this design is that initially the main frame is formed and fixed. A lining, panels or drywall is attached to it.

The advantages of suspended ceilings are that before installation it is not required Preliminary processing ceiling covering.

If there is a need to change the color or texture of the main canvas, then the coating is changed without dismantling the frame.

Suspended ceilings can be a complex, multi-stage design with built-in LED spotlights.

The disadvantages are that the height of the room is “eaten up”, there is no direct access to communications under the ceiling, in case of a malfunction.

Installing a false ceiling is not always possible to do on your own. Often you have to resort to the help of specialists.

Thus, the main options for how and from what the ceiling can be made, what specific materials will be needed for this are highlighted.

You always need to correctly calculate your strength, if necessary, you need to ask the question “how to do quality ceiling in the room" to a qualified person.

In any case, before starting the main workflow, it is important to bring the ceilings into good condition and subject them to high-quality processing.

You should always remember that we are doing the ceiling for more than one year, so work should always be approached seriously and meaningfully, taking care of everyone in advance necessary nuances its repair.

When entering a room, the first thing we notice is the ceiling. Moreover, this happens at the subconscious level, and therefore if the ceiling is even, has no cracks and other defects, then we may not even notice it. But if it looks sloppy, the overall impression of the room will be spoiled, no matter how luxurious it may be. In order to achieve perfect surface, it is necessary to carefully observe the ceiling repair technology, do not neglect any stage, no matter how insignificant it may seem, otherwise all the work can go down the drain. In this article, we will talk about how to make a ceiling with your own hands, and about some secrets that make it easy to achieve excellent results.

No matter how trite it may sound, but the level of repair of the ceiling to a large extent depends on its preparation. That is what we will do first.

First, you need to free the entire room from furniture and other interior items. Everything that can be taken out - we take out to the next room. If something does not pass through the doorway, or you do not want to disassemble, such elements can be covered with sheets or polyethylene.

Secondly, we prepare essential tool. At the preparation stage, we need a spatula, a whetstone, a basin of water and a soft rag. spatula needed small size, about 5-7 cm. Too big will be hard to work, because in order for its edge to be completely pressed against the surface of the ceiling, you will need to make great efforts, but you should not take too small, otherwise the work will take great amount time.

Preparation of the ceiling for finishing depends on the method of subsequent processing: cleaning is mandatory, but the previous finish is removed only before whitewashing or painting

So let's get started. We take a small spatula and sharpen it as sharply as possible. Now we carefully remove all the old coating from the ceiling: plaster, paint, lime, etc. During operation, the spatula must be sharpened periodically. Believe me, this will save you a huge amount of time, which is important at this stage, since the work is really tedious and tedious, but the final result depends on it. Agree, it will not be very pleasant if a piece of paint or plaster falls off from a newly repaired ceiling in front of your eyes due to the fact that a piece of the old coating has remained somewhere.

You can wash the ceiling after cleaning conventional means household chemicals, divorced in warm water

Now the ceiling must be thoroughly washed with clean warm water with no large quantity detergent. You need to do this by changing the solution several times. It is necessary to remove all dust, lime residues and other contaminants from the ceiling. Do not wipe the entire surface with one rag, remember that the quality of the repair depends on how carefully you prepare the surface.

You can prime the ceiling only after it has completely dried.

But that's not all. After the ceiling has completely dried, it must be covered with a primer layer. We pass the seams and corners with a brush, and the primer can be applied to the rest of the surface with a roller.

Tip: Use the same brand of primer and leveling compound for the ceiling.

If you do not plan to install stretch or suspended ceilings, then the preparation includes one more step - leveling the surface. First, consider the case when the ceiling height differences do not exceed 50 mm. Such irregularities, as well as seams between the plates and small cracks, can be eliminated by covering the surface with a gypsum mixture.

Gypsum leveling technology

1. We dilute the solution, strictly following the instructions indicated on the package. We prepare a small amount of the mixture at a time, as the gypsum dries very quickly. Usually 2.5-4 kg is enough.
2. We put the solution on one side of the iron, apply it to the ceiling and, pressing lightly, rub the composition over the surface so that it sticks, but does not squeeze out. The first layer should be approximately 15-20 mm, while not achieving perfect flat surface. At this stage, it is important to fill in large irregularities and cracks, and everything else will be masked by the next layers.
3. Now all large irregularities and bumps need to be cut off with a spatula. It is better to do this until the solution is completely dry. Defects are easier to identify by moving a long rail along the surface of the ceiling.
4. We apply a second layer of gypsum, again without achieving mirror evenness. This is also a leveling layer.
5. For the third layer, we dilute the solution a little thinner and apply it no longer with a stroke, but with a wide spatula.
6. After the surface has completely dried, we clean all the seams and irregularities with a coarse-grained sandpaper.
7. Remove the dust left after sanding with a large wet brush.
8. Now we cover the prepared surface with a primer layer.
9. In conclusion, we apply a layer of finishing putty.

It is better to level the ceilings in a “wet” way in several layers.

Tip: If the unevenness of the ceiling does not exceed one millimeter, then one layer of gypsum can be dispensed with. How more difference height, the more layers you need to apply.

Dry leveling ceiling technology

Quite often, netizens are wondering how to make a ceiling with their own hands if the ceiling height difference reaches several centimeters or more, if there are huge cracks on the ceiling or the slabs are laid unevenly. Naturally, wet method here it will not be possible to solve the problem, therefore, “dry” leveling of the ceiling surface is used, that is, it is covered with sheet building materials.

Most often, drywall is used for this purpose. Today it is the most available material, both in terms of cost and ease of use. In addition, it is quite durable and has a large number of positive qualities.

The “dry” method is the alignment of ceilings with drywall, plywood and other sheet materials

The preparatory work for the "dry" leveling is exactly the same as for the "wet" method. The only difference is that you should use a primer that has bactericidal and antimicrobial properties. Next, a crate made of a metal profile is applied to the ceiling, while its horizontalness is monitored using the building level. Sheets of plywood, drywall or fiberboard are attached to the crate, depending on the choice of the owner. After that, the resulting ceiling can be painted or covered with any chosen material.

How to whitewash the ceiling

There are still people who prefer whitewashed ceilings. In principle, they can be understood: the whitewashed ceiling looks neat, gives the room comfort and freshness.

When whitewashing, each subsequent layer should be applied perpendicular to the previous one.

Good quality such repairs largely depend on the correct preparation of the solution for whitewashing. For every 10 square meters we need 3.5 liters of water, in which we need to dissolve 90 grams of wood glue. With a small amount of water, you need to dilute 2.3 kg of lime, 15 g of blue and 60 g laundry soap separately from each other and then carefully introduce the resulting mixtures into the solution with glue. The composition is thoroughly mixed and applied in 2-3 layers.

Tip: when whitewashing, each layer must be completely dried.

How and what is the best way to paint

Before painting, after the preparatory work has been completed, the surface of the ceiling must be primed with diluted paint. Be sure to use the one you chose to paint the ceiling. At this stage, unfinished areas and small defects that are invisible on the sanded surface may appear. All identified deficiencies should be corrected.

When painting the ceiling, you will need both a roller and a small brush for painting corners and hard-to-reach places.

Next, we start painting the ceiling. As a rule, you should start from the wall with windows. We carry out the first strip with a brush, carefully painting over all the protrusions and corners. The rest of the surface can be covered with a roller, passing with a brush at the end of the work the remaining joints of the ceiling with the walls.

Important: Each layer must be applied in one direction, but each subsequent layer must be perpendicular to the previous one. It is better to apply 3-4 light coats than one thick one.

In order for the painted surface to retain its gloss for a long time, after painting it is necessary to close all windows and doors, preventing drafts and penetration sun rays. No need to speed up natural process drying, you will have time to ventilate the room a little later.

How to install a stretch ceiling

Of course, if desired, stretch ceilings can be done independently. The technology of their installation is not so complicated, but it is still better to entrust this work to professionals in their field. It contains some specific features.

After the surface of the ceiling has been treated with an antiseptic composition, you can proceed to fixing the carrier profile. To do this, first at one level you need to draw a horizontal line around the entire perimeter. Next, a profile should be glued onto it to ensure its even abutment, and then fixed with screws at an equal distance from each other.

Tip: Do not fasten the screws at a distance of less than 10 mm from the edge of the profile.

Before you start working with tension material, the room must be heated to a temperature of 40 ° C and then constantly maintained until the installation is completed. The film is heated to 60 ° C with a building hair dryer and then stretched onto the profile. The corners are attached in the following order: first one, then the opposite one, now the remaining ones in turn. After the corners are securely fixed, we attach the entire film to the profile in increments of 80 mm. Now with a spatula we tighten the material evenly around the entire perimeter.

The most difficult stage in the installation of stretch ceilings is the fixing of the last corner of the material.

Tip: if folds and wrinkles form during installation, they can be smoothed out in a circular motion after heating the canvas with a building hair dryer to 60 ° C.

How to make a false ceiling with your own hands

In this case, after preparing the ceiling surface, it is necessary to install suspension system. Similarly to the previous technology, a horizontal line is drawn along the perimeter of the room, on which the guide profile will be attached. On the ceiling, lines are drawn in both directions at a distance of 600 mm from each other. The points of their intersection will determine the location of the suspensions.

The ceiling profile is fixed with its ends in the grooves of the guide and is securely fixed with hangers on both sides. All ceiling profiles must be installed according to building level.

frame structure for hanging drywall sheets

Sheets of drywall, plywood or any other selected material should be attached to the resulting suspension system. After the installation is completed, the entire surface must be puttied, that is, prepared for further finishing work. After the putty layer has completely dried, the entire ceiling must be sanded with fine-grained sandpaper and cleaned of dust, and only after that you can proceed to its finishing.

Remember, any do-it-yourself ceiling will last a long time only if the technology of its installation is followed. Therefore, if you do not have patience, diligence, accuracy and do not even know which side to approach a screwdriver or screwdriver, entrust this work to specialists.