How to cut a cast iron sewer pipe. How to mint a cast-iron sewer. Cement bonded pipeline caulking

At overhaul bathroom one of the mandatory steps is to replace engineering communications. This process precedes the dismantling of the sewage system left after the construction of the house. AT modern houses making it pretty easy. But in the apartments of the old fund, you will have to work hard. Sewer pipes in them, as a rule, are made of cast iron, and sealed to last. How to remove them without disrupting the drainage system throughout the house - you can learn about this from this material.

The standard sewerage system in Soviet-built houses consists of the following elements:

• the main riser passing between the floors;
• shaped outlet (cross or tee) for connecting the riser to the main line inside the apartment;
• internal wiring.

The main riser is not a solid pipe, but a set of cast-iron sections, the length of each of which is equal to the height of the ceiling in the apartment. All of these sections are butted together. At the upper end, each has a socket into which the straight lower end of the shaped outlet is inserted. The latter is connected in the same way to the next section. All joints are securely sealed with either sulfur, or carbolic acid, or cement mortar.

Important! When dismantling the pipeline, the main difficulty is not to damage the socket of the section located below. It will remain in operation after replacing the riser section, so no cracks or chips should form in it.

The easiest way to dismantle

The ideal option for replacing sewer pipes is to negotiate with neighbors in the riser and replace the pipeline in several, if not all, apartments at once. In this case, difficulties with how to dismantle cast iron sewer, simply will not occur. The riser can be sawn into pieces or, in extreme cases, gouged with a sledgehammer, without worrying about its safety.

Another good option is when the upstairs neighbors don't mind unblocking a hole in interfloor overlap between your apartments and work in your bathroom. In this scenario, you can remove the entire cast iron section up to the tee located on the floor above. But alas, it is not always possible to implement these options. The following is a plan of action for the most difficult variant- when the work area is limited to only one apartment.

We advise you to find out what breakdowns can occur with and how to fix them yourself.

Read: what are the benefits for bathrooms.

Stages of sewerage analysis

Dismantling the sewer system in the apartment includes the following steps:

• preparatory work;
• removal of wiring inside the apartment;
• dismantling of the sewer riser;
• removal of fan outlet.

The last stage is the most responsible. But, as experienced plumbers say, the main thing during it is to act confidently and be patient. It will take a long time to carefully remove the tee/cross from the bottom section socket. The process usually takes 4-5 hours depending on what methods of sealing the pipes were used by the home builders.

What do you need to work

Before proceeding with dismantling, stock up necessary tools and overalls. As with any construction work, it is better to choose a robe that you will not be sorry to throw away after the end of the process. In addition, you should take care of personal protective equipment:

• gloves: rubber and fabric;
• goggles;
• a good breath filter or gas mask.

From the tools you will need:

• grinder saw with a set of discs for metal;
• chisel or thick screwdriver;
• sledgehammer or heavy hammer;
• crowbar / nail puller / puller;
• thin strong screwdriver;
• chisel;
• blowtorch or powerful building hair dryer.

These things will come in handy in any case. But besides this set, other tools may be required. This will depend on the progress of the work.

Tip: you do not need to start dismantling the sewer system alone. Be sure to find yourself an assistant for this event.

Preparatory stage

Before you start dismantling the cast-iron sewer with your own hands, you need to do a little preparation. Turn off the water in the apartment and disconnect all plumbing in the house from the drain pipe. Clear the area around the riser and intra-apartment wiring. In some houses, drainage pipes are recessed into the floor screed or hidden in niches in the wall. If this is the case, then you will have to work with a puncher to ensure free access to them.

Next, turn off the water throughout the riser. It would also be useful to warn all neighbors from the upper floors that the apartment is being plumbing work, and they should not use the sewer yet. Remove furniture, textiles and Appliances. If a water pipes in the apartment have already been replaced, you need to close them with a shield made of heat-resistant material so as not to damage them in the process. After that, you can start the main work.

We disassemble the internal wiring

This step usually takes the least time. It makes no sense to keep the pipeline inside the apartment intact, so it does not need to be disassembled. It is enough just to cut off the outlet leading to the bath, sink and other plumbing with a grinder, and then saw or split it into smaller pieces and take it out of the apartment.

Attention! The first cut should be made as close as possible to the outlet socket.

We dismantle the riser

Dismantling the riser must be carried out with extreme caution. First of all, you need to make a couple of horizontal cuts in the upper part of the pipe, at a distance of 10–15 cm from the ceiling. It is not necessary to cut the pipe completely, it is better to leave a 3–5 cm section intact. Then carefully knock out the ring that has turned out between the cuts with a sledgehammer.

Important! After this operation, it is worth plugging the rest of the pipe sticking out of the ceiling with rags and plastic wrap.

Next, the section is sawn from below at a distance of about half a meter from the tee / cross. After that, remove the clamps with which the pipe is attached to the wall. Then the section is chipped off along the saw line, removed from its place and removed from the room.

Analysis of the tee

The procedure for dismantling the tee / cross will depend on how its joint with the lower section of the sewer pipe is sealed. If cement is used as a sealant, the fan outlet is carefully loosened with a crowbar. In the process, you can try to break off and remove small pieces of cement putty with a narrow screwdriver. If the layer of cement is very thick, it is knocked down with a hammer and chisel. After removing the bulk of the putty, the cross is carefully removed from the socket.

Important! When chipping cement, you need to try so that its pieces do not fall down the riser.

If the tee is sealed with sulfur, to remove it, it is necessary to heat it for a long time with a blowtorch or a hair dryer. During the heating process, the sulfur putty will melt. The branch must be constantly loosened a little to speed up the melting process. As soon as possible, it is removed from the socket.

Attention! This procedure is accompanied by bad smell. It is recommended to carry it out in a gas mask.

If the fan branch does not lend itself to any manipulation, it is simply cut off by a grinder at a distance of 5-6 cm from the lower socket. The rest of the riser is then cleaned, and new pipes are attached to it using special adapters.

In the process of repairing the sewer, it becomes necessary to remove some of the elements of the spillway system. This requires disconnecting pvc pipes without damaging the product. This material is quite fragile, so the dismantling operation is carried out without the use of super-forces.

Definition of a defective area

The need to repair PVC pipes for external sewerage systems arises for a number of reasons:

• smudges appeared on pipes or fittings;
• there is an unpleasant smell in the room;
• the liquid does not drain well;
• a blockage has formed, clean which is known and accessible ways fails.

The places of malfunction of the sewage discharge system indoors are located in the outlet pipes from plumbing fixtures to the main station. The last one may be damaged. Outdoors, in private housing construction, this is an underground highway from the building to the storage device ( cesspool, septic). For the arrangement of external drainage are used sewer pipes PVC (red).

Dismantling of internal sewerage

Outlet pipes from plumbing fixtures have a diameter of 32, 40 or 50 mm. Sewer pipe connections are the junction of one end of the product into the socket of the other. O-rings and sanitary grease are used for sealing.

The following types of sewer products are used indoors:

• polypropylene parts;
• PVC products ( gray color);
• polyethylene material.

Dismantling begins with undocking of elements home appliances, - corrugated hose, cuffs. Separating the sewer parts is quite simple. It is necessary to give the detachable part a rotational-translational movement. That is, turning a few degrees in both directions, pull in reverse direction from the main structure.

It is not required to make sudden movements - with a certain effort, the dismantled part will smoothly move from its place. Thus, all internal construction. Don't forget to remove fasteners, - collars.

The situation is more complicated with the separation of the main riser, assembled from polymer parts. If compensators were installed in the project and in fact, then dismantling will not create any special problems. But, it should be remembered that the riser is a common house property. Therefore, all actions with him are performed with permission from management company(Housing office, housing department, housing department, etc.). Otherwise, for the consequences that have arisen, the culprit is responsible - the owner of the premises, who started unauthorized repairs.

Dismantling the riser

The following rules must be observed when disconnecting a vertical sewer pipe:

• management services are notified, permission is issued to conduct repair work;
• riser users living upstairs are notified;
• repair operations are underway.

The presence of a compensator allows you to shift the product in one direction or another up to 10 cm. It must be remembered that the vertical structure has a certain mass. Therefore, it needs to be fixed.

The joints are treated with machine oil. Performing rotational-translational movements, the part is removed from general design. The absence of a compensator forces one to resort to radical methods - to cut the fan pipe.

PVC plastic sewer pipes are processed by most locksmith tools:

• a hacksaw with a small hardened tooth;
• hacksaw for metal;
• file;
• sharp and durable knife and other tools.

Mechanized device - grinder, reciprocating saw.

When carrying out work, it is required to pay attention to the presence of a number of other communication elements:

• penstock;
• electrical system cable;
• storm drain.

Sewer pipe connections that have served for 10 years or more can “stick”, “grow” to each other. A number of recommendations can help in such cases;

• treatment of the junction with WD-40 lubricant;
• wrap sandpaper around the pipe; make rotational movements through it - the hands will not slip, the circular force will increase;
• if the product is scrapped, then it is necessary to make a through hole across the part; inserting a tube or metal rod, we get a lever;
• apply the "barbaric" method of dismantling - cut the pipe into pieces, break it into pieces.

The methods for separating the PVC pipe parts used for the outdoor piping are exactly the same. But, it is necessary to determine the location of the damage and carry out earthworks.

How and what methods of undocking pipes - to choose the owner of the housing or invited experts. The main thing is to determine the feasibility of one or another method of dismantling faulty parts.

If the sewer system does not suit you and is completely replaced, everything is simple - the plastic is corny cut into pieces, the cast iron is smashed with a hammer, the pieces are thrown away. If it is necessary to eliminate the detected malfunction, you will have to act carefully and competently. The same goes for apartment building- even if you decide to completely replace the riser, this can only be done on your own territory, without violating the network elements either from below or from above. We study how to disassemble sewer pipes, plastic or cast iron, for the purpose of repair or partial replacement.

Disconnecting plastic sewer pipes is not difficult, but only if you act correctly and the system is installed correctly and on flexible connections.

Do not try to move the entire riser up / down - it will not work, firstly (it is seriously fixed), it is fraught with breakdowns, and secondly.

Do not try to deflect the pipe to the side, thereby releasing it from the cross / socket - this will not work either, and if it does, it is fraught.

To normally disconnect the plastic sewer pipes, you first need to drip the cuffs with machine oil ( O-rings) at the joints. Then you should move the pipe in the compensator, calmly disassemble the system and replace everything that needs to be replaced (although you need to act very quickly, especially when the neighbors are at home and angry).

Compensator - a part designed specifically for disassembly in order to replace / repair sewer elements. It provides a vertical displacement of a dozen cm, which is quite enough. Ideally, the compensator must be on each plastic riser.

To remove the pipe from the cross or tee, it is necessary to turn it around the axis with an upward movement. No compensator? Life, alas, is not perfect. You will have to cut pipes and change everything completely (when assembling the system, do not forget to put a compensator).

How to cut a sewer pipe

Plastic structures cut with a saw, grinder (knife, ax), with grief in half, then removing the chamfer. The remaining notches violate the integrity sealing collar, which subsequently causes leaks. For cutting there special tool- pipe cutter

The tool is different - you need to buy not anyhow, but one that is suitable in diameter and designed for a specific material (HDPE, metal-plastic, fiberglass, etc.). Special scissors are also produced for this purpose. Ratchet devices cost twice as much as conventional devices, but they make a perfect cut, which is extremely important for the sewer system.

Video: how to cut a plastic pipe

If the elements are not separated

When sewer system for more than 10 years, the o-rings and cuffs seem to grow together with the plastic. Separating the elements is quite problematic (the difficulty is not invented: this is constantly encountered).

Ways craftsmen:

1. Soak WD-40, then replace the soaked.
2. Break with a crowbar if everything is going to be replaced.
3. wrap the pipe sandpaper(abrasive side to the pipe), and then try to unscrew it all the same (if the hands do not slide already on the paper).
4. Break into pieces with pliers.
5. Cut the pipe, grinder (or angle grinder; small disk) cut the part that is in the socket, get the pieces.
6. Fill joints silicone grease and warm up building hair dryer(but don't melt!).

Expert way:

1. Use two gas wrenches intended for such purposes: hold the bell with one key, and turn the released part with the second.

If the connection is rigid - made by traditional caulking with tow with a cement lock device, the separation process is similar to that of a cast-iron sewer.

How to disconnect cast iron sewer pipes

First of all, you should get rid of the cement lock (sealing the socket - caulking with tow and locking devices). The work is not easy - it requires almost tenderness due to the structure of cast iron, crumbling from rough handling, despite its strength. The cement lock is destroyed with a screwdriver or chisel.

Cast iron is cut with a grinder. First, the pipe is dismantled. Then, in the part remaining in the socket, two cuts are carefully made (at a distance of 100 mm from each other) in a small circle. Pieces are knocked out of the socket with a chisel (they knock on it with a hammer - it is strictly forbidden to hit the cast iron with a hammer directly).

Important! Do not use brute force - you will break the entire system. Cast iron is brittle. You need to act very carefully.

Even if the socket is on the replacement tee, you must work carefully so as not to damage the lower pipe included in the same tee (unless, of course, you are going to replace everything at the neighbors). After removing all the fragments, the socket is thoroughly cleaned of rust, dirt, etc.

Cast iron risers once massively put in apartment buildings(the designs are still preserved today). Certain parts were produced at the factory. They did the chasing there. Sulfur was used for this. It is possible to disassemble such a system only with the use of open fire. In this case, sulfur emits toxic fumes - a respirator is needed. We do not recommend doing this work on your own - it is actually dangerous.

The use of open fire when dismantling cast iron pipes

Simple rules for working with sewers

1. Pipes are mounted starting from the bottom.
2. The bells are placed towards the flow.
3. The riser is completely changed, without bothering to repair individual components (during work, vibration is inevitable, leading to cracks, which in turn lead to leaks).
4. active stage works - the second. The first is markup creation.
5. Before assembly, the sealing parts are lubricated with machine oil (if no sealant is required).
6. The diameter of the pipes for connecting the toilet bowl is 110–160 mm.
7. The diameter of the pipes for connecting the sink is 50–70 mm.

Theoretically, disassembling plastic sewer pipes does not cause difficulties. However, we recommend that you contact a specialist. The problem is that in apartment buildings it is extremely difficult to negotiate with neighbors. It is even more difficult to ensure that the agreements reached with difficulty are adhered to by everyone without exception. Professionals have verified movements for years - to replace important elements seconds go by. Even the pros have a habitual rumor, which determines what “now tramples” long before it falls.

Dismantling a cast-iron sewer is difficult in itself. Especially when there are parts whose excellent tightness was achieved even at the Soviet plant. With such a system, a direct road to specialists.

Video: how to cut a sewer pipe along

The question is how to cut the sewer plastic pipe along, interested us extremely. Not so much even how to cut, but why do it. Need creative pots for potted flowers?.. There are no gutters for drainage system? Our imagination did not go further than the drain (and here it slowed down terribly: a finished gutter 3 m long costs the same as a meter pipe, that is, in the end it is a third cheaper). It turns out that we just have a poor imagination.

Jokes are jokes, and the method of making beautiful marks with a thread is a masterpiece, as is the fastening of the cutter in wooden block.

Now you know not only how to cut a plastic sewer pipe lengthwise, but also why to do it. We offer to frolic with pipes in this context, and in case of sewage malfunctions, contact specialists.

When repairing, many people try to replace all outdated communications at once. It turns out that the most difficult thing to work with is cast iron sewer pipes that need to be dismantled. Previously, they were connected using cement, sulfur or aluminum. It turns out that the system was carried out for centuries. But now the end of the century has come. And with that, the hard work begins.

At first glance, it may seem that removing cast iron pipes is very easy. But here you need to work smart. Indeed, by applying too much force, you can damage the riser, which combines several apartments at once. In this case, the anger of the neighbors is inevitable. Costs, time and a lot of work will begin.

Before you start dismantling the old cast-iron pipe, you need to familiarize yourself with some rules:

1. turn off the water supply in the house;
2. remove the hose from drain tank on the toilet;
3. clean the toilet carefully;
4. remove from the premises all devices and objects that may interfere with the performance of work;
5. cast iron is a brittle material. Pipes that are far from the riser can be broken with a hammer;
6. removal of pipes that directly fit the riser;
7. cuffs are installed on the bell. First, the socket is cleaned of lubricants.

Dismantling of cast iron pipes

So how to cut cast iron pipes, let's try to figure it out. If cast iron pipes were previously connected with sulfur, then the task is not an easy one. But even here there is advice on how to disassemble cast-iron pipes. Like any other substance, sulfur must be destroyed under the influence of something. And this "something" is open fire. If sulfur is heated with a blowtorch, it becomes viscous. So disassembling the pipes is very easy.

Open flames must be used carefully so as not to start a fire. In addition, when the pipes are heated, sulfur dioxide will be released from the joints. Therefore, protective measures must be taken own health. You can heat the connection for several hours. In order not to suffocate during this time, you need to wear a gas mask. Not bad if there is a bucket of water nearby in case something catches fire.

Dismantling instructions

It is best to start work on the dismantling of pipes that are located remotely from the riser. Here, a hammer and chisel will help to get the job done very quickly, since cast iron is a material that is brittle and cannot withstand blows.

It is important to use a rubber hammer or with a polymer nozzle. The steel hammer will crush the cast iron into small pieces that can fall into the riser. Further, a congestion will begin to form there, which will be very difficult to eliminate.

Work with a hammer and chisel continues until it comes to the tee, which leads to the riser. Then you can try to loosen the cross by hand. But you can completely leave the section of the cross. However, experts recommend removing cast iron from the house to the maximum.

Work on heating pipes is carried out quickly by two people. One person can heat the pipes with a lamp, and the other can remove the softened sulfur with a knife. When a large amount of sulfur is removed from the pipes, the cross will easily separate from the riser. If it is not possible to completely pull out the tee, it can be cut off with a grinder. The main thing is not to damage the riser.

Problems

It is most difficult to remove many cast-iron pipes at once. It must be remembered that after removing the old pipes, you need to connect the cast iron and plastic. A pipe made of cast iron is cut off by a grinder.

*VChShG - ductile iron with nodular graphite

But how to cut the pipe if there is no grinder? A simple hacksaw is taken for metal and the pipe is cut off. Note that such work will take a lot of time and you need to be prepared for this.

If it was not possible to cut off the pipe, then do not be upset. Today at construction stores you can find an adapter from plastic to cast iron. Before connecting the plastic adapter and the cast iron pipe, you need to clean the surface for connection. Sulfur is removed by heating. The job can take over an hour just to anneal the sulfur. That's why it pays to be patient. When the surfaces are ready, you can begin to connect.

In extreme cases, a special cutter is used to cut the cast-iron pipe. This is oxy-fuel cutting. But it is worth noting that only a professional can perform such work. It is not recommended to use the cutter on your own just because carelessness can damage not only the riser, but also other plumbing elements that should still last a long time. When working with a cutter, gas will be released, which is harmful to the body.

The technology of using the cutter is quite complicated. The pipe is affected by a flame (thin). A tube of hardened steel is taken. One end of it is heated to a temperature of 1400 degrees. This can be done welding machine or soldering torch. Further, oxygen is let through the tube, which, when ignited, at the outlet is 2000 degrees. This is enough to melt the iron.

Obviously, such work can not be carried out at home without special equipment and experience. Besides, it's dangerous. However, this way of cutting cast iron is considered more "exotic" than practical. Where to get faster an ordinary grinder with an abrasive disc and cut off the cast iron sewer pipe. The main thing is that a minimum of time will be spent on the procedure, and the seam will turn out to be perfectly even.

When working with a hammer, chisel, hand-held electrical appliances, you need to be extremely careful. Fragments of cast iron, when broken, can bounce into different sides. It is recommended to protect open areas body, especially the face and eyes.

When working with a hacksaw, there is practically no danger, but you will have to work for a very long time. Therefore, this method of dismantling the old cast-iron pipe is considered ineffective.

Once again, it should be noted that it is advisable to entrust the work to professionals who have right tool and experience. This is the only way to protect yourself from extra costs and headaches associated with the repair and replacement of sewers. The only thing that can be done is to pay tribute to the past, namely the reliability and quality of cast iron.

For dismantling old sewer you will need the following tools:

• Gas burner or blowtorch;
• Chisel;
• Bulgarian;
• Mask.

First of all, before dismantling the cast-iron sewer, you need to make sure that the pipes are "planted" on sulfur. To do this, you should peel off a piece of sealant and set it on fire, if it is sulfur, then it will burn with an even, blue flame. There will also be a characteristic smell that cannot be confused with anything. Next, the pipes are broken with a chisel, leaving only the node that is connected to the riser. If possible, it is advisable to cut the cast iron to the maximum in order to clear the path to the connection.

The pipes are heated so that the sulfur passes into liquid state. This is done with open fire. blowtorch or burners. Depending on the particular sewer, the whole process can take more than three hours. Note! For greater convenience, it is better to do the work together: one person warms up the pipes, and the second removes them.

After cleaning all the connections from sulfur, we loosen the cast iron sewer tee. If all the sulfur has flowed out, then it will be easy to do. Next, all sulfur residues are removed, and the tee is left to cool. This will take about an hour, after which it will be possible to begin the installation of new pipes.

Sewer repair

Repair of cast-iron sewers is often performed in "old-fashioned" ways. However modern methods repairs are much more efficient. If a small crack or chip appears on the pipes, then it will be enough to use a bandage, a jar liquid glass and cement. To begin with, the surface is prepared by standard procedure(cleaning and degreasing). Next, liquid glass and cement are mixed until a thick mass is obtained. Ready mix it is smeared on the pipe and wrapped in a bandage, while each turn is processed with a mixture.

Note! The mixture dries quickly, so all work must be done quickly too.

If the crack on the pipe went from above, then you can apply a rubber bandage in the longitudinal direction. The overlap is bent and pulled together with two clamps. If there is a financial opportunity, then you can fill the entire surface with silicone. Silicone will be effective for a while, but since it is not intended to be applied to large areas and has a weak adhesion to cast iron, the benefits of it will not be for a long time.

Repair work on the street

If there is a need to repair cast iron pipe which is placed on the street, then you can use the same methods as described above. However, it is desirable to make additional fixation of the joined cast-iron pipes so that deformations in the soil do not open cracks. If the pipe is adjacent to the septic tank, then the above methods may not work. The design of the septic tank is subject to seasonal fluctuations, and this can destroy the integrity of the repaired connection.

In this case, first of all, liquid glass is used, which is on top in in large numbers filled with mastic, which is used for gluing joints in panel houses. In principle, the mastic on its own perfectly seals the cracks, therefore, if liquid glass is not available, then you can do without it. However, it is still better to seal with it, it is more reliable.

Note! For large cracks, such repair methods are not suitable, you will have to replace the entire pipe section.