How to properly care for and propagate ficus lyre at home. Plant for large rooms - ficus lyre

Ficus lyre or violin (Ficuslyrata) in natural conditions - low evergreen tree reaching a height of 10-12 meters. When grown indoors, lyre-shaped ficus reaches a size of 1-1.5 m. This ficus is well suited for a bright, spacious room where it will grow well. Ficus is very beautiful and elegant indoor plant preferably placed alone, as a soloist, should not be placed close to other plants.

Due to its solid size, ficus is suitable for landscaping offices, lobbies, spacious winter gardens. Growing ficus lyre is more difficult than other species. The conditions of its maintenance must be similar to natural, otherwise it sheds leaves.

It is believed that the ficus in the house has a calming effect on its inhabitants, gives them peace. Ficus is an excellent air purifier; its leaves not only collect dust, but also absorb harmful substances is formaldehyde.

The leaves of the lyre-shaped ficus resemble a violin in shape, with a blunt end, often even with a notch, 20-60 cm long, up to 40 cm wide, leathery, dark green. In homes, the Bambino variety is often grown in a smaller size, with leaves 15-20 cm long and 15 cm wide. Variety Phyllis Craig with a compact crown and large leaves up to 35 cm in length. Homeland - West Africa.

Place ficus in the room it is better near the window, in winter it is better to install additional illumination, although this plant is quite shade-tolerant, it develops better with good diffused lighting.

AT summer time air temperature for ficus can vary from + 18 ... + 28 0 С. winter time preferably a cooler content of +15 ... +20 0 С, but not lower than +10 0 С. Ficus is sensitive to sudden changes in temperature, which can cause it to drop leaves, so try to set a constant mode.

Ficuses are watered moderately (a cool shower is useful), not allowing the earth to dry out (otherwise leaf fall is inevitable), but not flooding, which is especially dangerous in cold cloudy weather. Waterlogging leads to the appearance of brown necrotic spots on the leaves.

Lyre-shaped ficus does not tolerate dry air, therefore it is more suitable for winter gardens, in rooms it is a rather “difficult” plant. Therefore, despite its unconditional attractiveness, a novice grower should think about it before buying - success is not guaranteed. Likes frequent spraying, rubbing the leaves with a damp sponge, warm shower. Do your best to ensure high humidity for this plant - place a tray with wet pebbles next to it, turn on the humidifier.

Ficus lyre-shaped is propagated by cuttings. The cuttings are rooted in water or sand, making a small greenhouse out of a bag and maintaining high humidity in it.

transplant young plant carried out annually in the spring, gradually increasing the size of the pot by 2 cm in diameter. Ficuses are transplanted by transshipment, without destroying the earthen clod. Move the plant to larger pot, having previously poured drainage to the bottom, and simply pour the prepared earth in a circle. Adult large ficuses are rarely transplanted, but they are changed annually upper layer earth in a pot. The earth mixture is prepared from soddy land, peat, humus and sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1. Ficuses are sensitive to cold roots, so always place the pot on a stand or heat-insulating material.

Due to unfavorable conditions or violation of the rules of care, brown spots or specks often appear on the leaves, and the leaves may also turn yellow and soon fall off. Spray the plant with a solution with a fungicide - "Fundazol" or "Oxyhom", diluting 1g per 0.5 liters of water. You should also eliminate the causes of stains - this may be an excess of watering, low temperature, excess fertilizer, change in light, pests of indoor plants.

Ficus lyre - ornamental plant, which can often be found in offices, schools, greenhouses. Caring for this flower is quite simple if you follow a few tips. Many flower growers prefer to grow lyre-shaped ficus at home, because it fits perfectly into any interior and is undemanding to the conditions of detention.

Description

Ficus lyre belongs to the mulberry family. The birthplace of the flower is considered rainforests Africa, in wild nature The plant can reach up to 12 meters in height. At home, lyre-shaped ficus grows up to 2 meters. He's got a pretty strong stem. Brown. The leaves of a large plant are 50 cm long and 25 cm wide, dark green in color. In the center of the leaves there are veins of a green-yellow hue.

Content Rules

Location

Ficus loves well-lit places, but at the same time it is very whimsical to the direct rays of the sun. Western or eastern windows are best suited for the plant. If the plant is located on the southern windowsill, then it should be slightly moved away from the window.

Temperature

In summer, the temperature regime for ficus should be from 20 to 25 ° C, in winter season about 15-18 degrees. The flower is very sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and drafts. From drafts, brown spots may form on the leaves of the flower.

Professionals advise from time to time to ventilate the room where the plant pot is located, but at the same time avoid drafts.

Humidity

Ficus care at home must be carried out competently so that the plant grows and develops excellently. Humidity for a flower plays big role, since its homeland is the tropics. A room specimen should be periodically sprayed, constantly showered with it, and wipe the leaves with a damp cloth. For additional moisture, you can put a water tank next to the ficus.

Watering mode

Water for irrigation should be used settled and soft, otherwise white spots may appear on the leaves. Watering the flower is required as needed when the earthen ball dries. AT hot weather The plant should be watered regularly. In the cold season, the frequency of watering should be reduced to a minimum so as not to flood the handsome home.

pruning

Proper care includes not only humidity, temperature, location, but also pruning.
It is necessary to periodically prune, in this case the flower will grow very quickly. Crown formation is also important condition in the cultivation of ficus. In order for crown formation to be successful, it is necessary to prune the aerial part of the plant, while the cuts must be made above the internode. trim plays important role to form an excellent crown.

With the development of a good crown, the ficus will look very beautiful and elegant. Pruning should be done carefully, as the plant secretes white juice. If this liquid comes into contact with the skin, it may cause irritation. If juice gets on the leaves, wipe them with a damp cloth and remove the liquid.

Transfer

A young flower must be transplanted every year, it is desirable to carry out the procedure in early spring. An adult specimen that is 4 years old or more can be transplanted once every 2 years.

It is necessary to transplant the ficus lyre-shaped by the transshipment method. The procedure must be performed carefully so as not to damage the root system.

For a flower, a ready-made soil mixture is used, which can be purchased at flower shops, or the substrate is prepared independently at home. To do this, use the following components:

• sheet soil;
• peat;
• sand;
• sod land;
• humus.

All components must be taken in the same proportion.

Before you start transplanting, you need to take care of the drainage layer, which is laid out on the bottom of the pot. For drainage, a crumb of brick or expanded clay is perfect. Plant care should be carried out correctly, then the ficus will have a chic appearance.

top dressing

During the active period of growth (from spring to autumn), ficus must be fertilized mineral supplements for indoor flowers. It is worth feeding the plant 1 time in 15 days, while the dose should be taken half as much as it is written on the package.

reproduction

Reproduction of ficuses is carried out using cuttings, both stem and leaf. Cuttings need to be cut at an angle, for this you need to use sharp knife. Each cutting must be at least 10 cm long. After the cuttings have been cut, they must be washed under running water and then dry.
After drying, the cuttings should be placed in a vessel with water, having previously added Activated carbon(1 tablet). The lower leaves of the process should not touch the water, otherwise it may rot.

After about a month, roots will begin to sprout on the cuttings, in order to speed up the process, it is recommended to create greenhouse conditions. For this, the processes need to be covered plastic wrap and provide heating. Care of the cuttings must be timely so that they are well rooted. After rooting, the cuttings need to be transplanted into small containers that are pre-filled with a suitable soil mixture. Ficus reproduction can be carried out at any time of the year, but it is best to do this in the spring.

You can also propagate using seeds. Such a process can be quite long from 1 to 3 months. For good seed germination, bright light is needed. Therefore, do not deepen them too deep into the ground. Lighting should be bright and diffused, and the temperature should be 26 degrees. Seeds need to be properly cared for in order for them to take root well.

Diseases and pests

If home care for ficus is wrong, then it can be affected by insects and diseases.

1. Yellow leaves may indicate that the soil was too waterlogged, a fairly low temperature in the room, a sharp change in lighting.
2. Black and brown spots on leaves, are formed from fungal infections. Diseases can be eliminated with the help of fungicides. For prevention, you only need to maintain optimal temperature and humidity.
3. Quite often, ficus can or mealybug. If a tick is planted, then the leaves turn yellow and specks form on them. You can get rid of the insect with special chemicals acaricides, as well as maintain optimal humidity in the apartment.
4. can be eliminated with a cotton swab, which must be moistened with alcohol. Even if necessary, the flower is treated with anti-coccidial agents.

Ficus care should be carried out competently, and then diseases and pests will not be able to damage the plant, and it will have a beautiful appearance for a long time.

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Used for furnishing premises. Now with great attention and popularity in indoor floriculture one of the representatives of this genus, ficus lyre, is used due to its foliage (its peculiar shape makes the flower very interesting).

Description

Lyre-shaped ficus is named so because of the shape of the leaves, which resemble a lyre or a violin, which is why it is popularly called violin ficus. This feature of the plant has made it popular for growing at home, in offices and public spaces.

pruning

Due to the rapid growth to form a lush and beautiful bush ficus must be cut. The shoots are cut 1 centimeter above the leaves, which contributes to the germination of new shoots and, accordingly, the formation of a beautiful crown of the plant.

ficus from behind strong growth needs periodic transplants to larger containers. The first few years, this procedure must be carried out annually, in the spring.
After 4 years, you can transplant after a few years, and you can determine the need for this by the roots that begin to crawl through the holes in the bottom of the pot that serve to drain excess moisture. The new flowerpot should be several fingers wider and taller than the old one.

Transplantation is carried out carefully without damage earthy coma, for this, the plant must first be watered. The voids are filled with new.

At the bottom of the flowerpot when planting, you must put drainage layer 1/3 of the volume, and fill the soil with a layer of river sand on top.

Did you know? So that the leaves shine well and have saturated color they need to be wiped with water with the addition of ordinary mayonnaise. For half a glass of liquid - a teaspoon of the product.

reproduction

Ficus lyre can be propagated in several ways:

Most flower growers at the word "" imagine a tree with small leaves. However, among them there are also such varieties, the size of which can only be envied. For example, among the "indoor giants" it is worth noting the lyre-shaped ficus - one of the most tall plants of this kind.

What does ficus look like in nature and at home?

The homeland of the lyre-shaped ficus is the tropics of Africa. There it reaches simply huge sizes - there are specimens about 30 m high. However, in an enclosed space, the total height of the bush rarely exceeds 3 m. Agree, for an apartment this is already a lot.

Basically, the plant has an upright shape, but if it lacks light, it turns into an epiphyte (lays down and braids neighboring crops, stretching out in search of light).

What else is special about this ficus? In addition to the gigantic size of the tree, it has no less large leaves. The length of the leaf plate reaches 50 cm, and the width is 25 cm. They are painted dark green and have a glossy sheen. The edges of the leaf plates are slightly wavy due to the fact that they are, as it were, tightened along the central vein. Throughout the sheet, lateral veins diverge to the sides - they are more light color so the picture looks good. The main trunk of an adult plant has a rough surface and is covered with brown bark with a gray tint. The leaves are attached to small petioles up to 7 cm in length.

Since the shape of the leaf resembles a violin, the plant is often also called violin ficus.

Ficus varieties

Thanks to the work of breeders, several types of lyre-shaped ficus have been bred. To date, even dwarf varieties most adapted to home growing, but at the same time retaining other species characteristics.

So, most often there are such varieties:

• Little Fiddle - medium-sized bush, maximum height does not exceed 1.5 m, and the length of the leaves - no more than 25 cm;
• Bambino is the most small ficus only 15 cm high, but with characteristic twisted leaves and a pattern on them, bushes well.

For lovers of tall and slender plants fit ficus lyre-shaped Columnarius - it is different rapid growth and columnar shape.

Features of home growing

So that the leaves do not lose their rich color, this type of ficus needs strict adherence. temperature regime and irrigation rules. In summer, you need to clean the flower in a cool room, where the air temperature does not rise more than 25 degrees Celsius. In winter, the plant also needs coolness - the maximum values ​​\u200b\u200bon the thermometer should be no more than 20, but not less than 13 degrees Celsius.

Lyre-shaped ficus loves moisture very much, but this does not mean that it needs to be poured all the time. It is best to spray the leaves frequently and wash them regularly.

To stimulate branching, in March it is necessary to cut off the tops of the shoots (above the internode).

It is better to determine the place of residence for a flower pot once and for all - the flower does not tolerate rearrangement well. It is necessary to choose a bright room (preferably the eastern one), otherwise the ficus will grow and stretch poorly, and the leaves will fall off.

Lyre-shaped ficus: growing and cuttings - video