Basic work in the garden in winter. Garden work, winter. Winter work in the garden, in the garden and in the country. Garden work in February
Although winter has come, and there are fewer worries in summer cottages, nevertheless, even in winter, a carefree life is not expected. Worries do not recede to the full extent, and therefore take care of your own suburban area needed even in winter. Today we will talk about what kind of winter work in the garden is needed to maintain it in proper condition, and about all the work that is needed at this time. When planning a work plan for yourself, you should rely on the climatic conditions of your region.
Often, the second half of December for many passes under the sign of preparation for new year holidays, but the first half of the month can be safely devoted to work in the country.
Completion of cleaning
AT southern regions cleaning is completed in december winter views vegetables: parsnips, lettuce, spinach, green and Brussels sprouts, broccoli, leeks.
Snow retention
Usually the first snow falls in December, and from that moment work begins to arrest it. To do this, in the garden in necessary places build fences from improvised materials.
Frost protection
If there is no snow or there is little of it, then you should cover perennial and winter crops with leaves, sawdust or needles.
As mentioned above, all work must be carried out in accordance with local climatic conditions.
Planting seedlings
So, for example, in the south of Russia in December, you can plant seedlings of trees and shrubs, prepare the soil for a vegetable garden, engage in various winter plantings, and much more.
Podzimny sowing
In December, if the weather permits, you can start planting winter garlic and onions, winter sowing of carrots, celery, parsnips, parsley, dill, as well as sowing flower plants.
bird protection
All these plantings and crops need protection from birds that find food on these beds when there is no snow.
Rodent control
perennial vegetable crops in winter, they are attacked by rodents, so in December (while there is no snow), poisoned baits can be spread in holes and around them.
Fighting bears
December good time for . They love to spend the winter in warm manure, so in the garden you should arrange traps for them. Traps are small but deep holes. They are filled with manure, and when good frosts come, it is scattered around the garden. thin layer along with the bears that have accumulated there. Frost will destroy them.
Preparation of soil mixtures
In December, you can stock up on various components of soil mixtures (peat, sand, sawdust, compost, soil, and others). This is beneficial, since at this time the price of them is low.
seedlings
In addition, in December, you can start purchasing seedlings, cuttings (if there are conditions for their storage).
Disinfection
December is a great time to repair the disinfection of greenhouses and greenhouses, which are used for growing greens and early vegetables in the middle of winter.
Repair
In addition to greenhouses, greenhouse frames are in need of repair. All garden equipment needs a routine inspection, and if necessary, repairs.
Seed harvesting
At this time, you can calmly, without haste, purchase the necessary seeds for the garden and garden.
Checking vegetables
In December, they begin to check the stored potatoes and other vegetables.
Warming
If necessary, measures should be taken to insulate the storage.
pruning
Winter work in the garden require mandatory pruning of fruit ornamental trees and shrubs, as spring pruning adversely affects their flowering, because many plants bloom on last year's shoots.
Therefore, if you did not prune immediately after flowering, then do it at least in December. In addition, in December you can dream and draw up on next year plan for placing vegetables in the garden and flowers in the garden.
January
Repair
In January, you can continue repairing greenhouse frames and garden tools, as well as knitting straw mats.
Manure harvesting
You can do the harvesting of manure, garbage for the construction of warm greenhouses, for insulated and open ground.
Checking vegetables
In January, as well as in December, they continue to check the safety of stored vegetables, vegetable seeds, and seed potatoes. If rotten tubers or root crops are found, they should be removed immediately.
If there is a lack of seed potatoes, then you need to prepare the tops of the potato tubers.
Checking perennials
In addition to vegetables, tubers and rhizomes of such perennials as gladioli, dahlias, cannes, begonias, chrysanthemums, non-hardy roses and hydrangeas need to be looked after. It is necessary to monitor the humidity and temperature in the room where they are stored (so that they do not rot and dry out).
Sowing annuals
January is a good time for sowing seeds of annuals (petunias, carnations, lobelia, etc.). By May, you can get well-developed and flowering plants, which are ready for landing immediately in open ground.
Ash preparation
Winter time is convenient for harvesting ash, bird droppings and other fertilizers of local origin.
seeds
At the same time, you can purchase seeds of flowers and vegetables without haste, and clean those that you have grown in your dacha from garbage. And, of course, you can safely check the germination of seeds.
We grow greens
In January, you can start growing onions for feathers in your windows, as well as beetroot and parsley.
Vernalization
If you live in the south, then it's time to start vernalizing early cabbage and cauliflower seeds.
February
Chemistry and fertilizers
In February, you can already take care of mineral fertilizers and pesticides that allow you to fight diseases and various pests of vegetable and horticultural crops. In parallel with this, the repair of greenhouses and greenhouses continues.
We save the testes
Throughout the winter, great attention should be paid to the seed plants of carrots, beets, cabbage and other vegetable crops. It is necessary to monitor their safety and remove spoiled copies in time.
Biofuel heating
In February, it is already possible to start work on heating the biofuel and removing organic fertilizers to the garden.
Making pots
It will not be superfluous to make peat and humus manure pots and nutrient cubes.
Vernalization
In the south of Russia, in February, potato tubers begin to vernalize (to grow early potatoes), carrot seeds, and onions.
Sowing seedlings
It is already possible to sow seeds of early and cauliflower, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants for seedlings in a greenhouse or in sowing boxes, sow radishes and plant onions on a feather. And of course, to continue everything that was started and not done at the dacha and in the garden in previous months.
In general, February makes everyone live in anticipation of the arrival of spring and new pleasant spring chores in their summer cottage. He makes you shake off the winter numbness and actively engage in the usual and pleasant garden chores.
Winter work in the garden is mandatory, despite the fact that fruit trees and shrubs are in a state of absolute dormancy. The owners of the plots cannot relax in any way, because the quality and timely work carried out in the winter in the garden will depend future harvest.
The effectiveness of whitewashing tree trunks depends on weather conditions, all work must be carried out at a temperature above 0 deg. Need to bleach lime mortar with increased viscosity. There is nothing complicated in cooking. In 10 liters of water we dilute 2.5 (maximum 3) kg of chalk or fresh slaked lime, add 100 grams of PVA glue and with a pound blue vitriol. The vitriol itself is diluted in hot water. Ready mix should look like thick sour cream, should not contain lumps.
In special stores, ready-made bleaching solution is sold, you can buy it and not think about whether it will be possible to prepare it yourself correctly. You can also whitewash the trunks with acrylic paint, which adheres well to the bark, reflects Sun rays and doesn't wash off.
Points to be considered in this work
1. Trees need to be whitewashed only after pre-training trunk. It is necessary to remove the moss, clean the trunk from lichens and dry bark. The best way to do this is with a scraper. If you use a metal brush, you need to be careful and carry out all work carefully so as not to harm the bark of trees.
2. Cannot be used for whitewashing young trees with smooth bark acrylic paint, it is better to use lime mortar.
3. After cleaning, it is necessary to cover all the cracks in the trees with garden pitch.
Preparation of garden pitch
At home, the putty is prepared in two ways, moreover, the self-prepared var is absolutely identical to the one that can be purchased in the store.
1. You need to take unsalted fat or sunflower oil, rosin and wax, in a ratio of 4: 1: 1, combine, put on low heat and heat. Ready putty, prepared in this way, can be stored in a closed container for about 10 years.
2. For 6 parts of pre-melted paraffin, add 3 parts of crushed rosin and continue to heat over low heat until the mixture boils. Then add vegetable oil(2 parts) and boil for 10 minutes over low heat. Now the var must be allowed to cool, after which it should be transferred to suitable capacity and seal tightly.
Rules for whitewashing trees and shrubs
To form good layer, you need to whitewash the trunks 2 times. It is recommended to apply the solution on tree trunks up to a height of 1.5 m from the surface, and skeletal young branches should also be whitewashed with the solution.
Attention!
In winter, shrubs and trees need warm "clothes"
January is a difficult month for trees. Night frosts can damage the root system of plants, leading to their death. Therefore, the main task of the gardener at this time is warming fruit bushes and trees.
The most reliable insulation is snow. It will provide the tree not only protection, but also provide enough moisture after thawing. Ideally, the layer of snow near the tree should not be less than 40 cm. The gardener is obliged to "spud" trees and shrubs with snow after each snowfall. This is the only way to avoid the freezing of plants. Moreover, snow should be collected away from plants so as not to expose their delicate root system.
Hilling with snow is good to carry out in snowy winters. And in mild winters, you need to collect snow: make ramparts, place shields and lay out branches. If there was a snowless winter, the trees can be insulated with old rags, straw, spruce branches, reeds, and burlap can be tied over a rope.
Note!
Pears and apple trees on vegetative rootstocks, young plums, cherries and cherries need a snow coat. Them root system more vulnerable than old trees, so they primarily need protection from rodents.
A snow coat will not help peach and apricot. Here you need to do it differently. At a distance of 40 centimeters from the trunk, we put boards to make a square, pour straw inside, cover everything with pieces of plywood, and only then pour snow.
Bushes of gooseberries, black and red currants, yellow and red raspberries (article), as well as strawberries, need to be warmed. Landings need to be sprinkled with snow. And you should not constantly stomp near the plantings, while ramming the snow, since it is easier for frost to get to the root system of trees through compacted snow. But heavy snowfalls can also harm the garden. Tree branches can break under the weight of falling snow, so in snowy winters you need to regularly shake the snow off the branches.
Rodent protection in winter
The snow bank can become reliable protection from rodents and pests, if the snow around the tree is poured cold water. As a result, a crust is formed that will not allow hares and mice to damage the bark of the tree. If it is not possible to pour water under each tree and shrub, you can simply trample the snow with your feet in the near-stem circle. This technique will not allow mice to get to the trunk and gnaw on the bark.
Tar, creolin or mint will help scare away small rodents. The selected agent must be scattered over the surface trunk circle. Grapes bent to the ground in winter will be protected by sawdust. We protect the garden from hares with a solution of slaked lime and mullein. You can cook it like this: in a bucket of mullein, you should dilute 1 kg of lime and coat the trunks.
Pruning garden trees
AT winter time need to cut fruit plants, during which it is necessary to remove all weak branches affected by insects and diseases. After pruning, you need to cover the cut points with garden pitch.
The gypsy moth lays its eggs on twigs. To remove egg clutches, you need to take a pruner and cut their nests right with the branches. You can not leave mummified fruits on the trees, because they are sources of infectious diseases.
Gooseberries and currants are susceptible to such a disease as powdery mildew and glassware. To remove these spores and pests, it is required to pour over the plants hot water, almost boiling water.
Redecoration of furniture and arrangement of an ornamental garden in winter
Winter is the right time for housekeeping in the garden. During this period, you can repair arches, pergolas, wicker furniture, a fence and touch up flower beds. In your free time, it is recommended to make props that will be needed to support the branches of apple and pear trees.
Need to equip garden paths, build a rockery or rock garden. dry warm weather you can equip a dry stream or a decorative pond.
In winter, you need to take care of the birds and make feeders for them. It is necessary to help them to spend the winter, because birds rarely manage to find food for themselves under a layer of snow. Feathered friends will destroy pests in the garden as a token of gratitude.
And, most importantly, that winter is free time, it is possible to build work plans (put them on paper) on new season so that with the first drop and on sunny days one could take up bringing them to life.
With the advent of spring, when and, you will feel satisfaction from the fact that it was not in vain that efforts were made to care for the garden in the winter and a lot of personal time was given. In response to concern orchard will reward the owners with a generous harvest, and in ornamental garden will be able to enjoy bright colors flowering plants.
What to do in the garden in winter. What garden work needs to be done in December, January, February.
garden work in december
Although all plants personal plot sleep, gardeners cannot leave them unattended, and therefore all their actions should be aimed at preparing for the growing season.
You can start harvesting cuttings from healthy mother trees and flowering shrubs for vaccination. Suitable well-ripened shoots (15-40 cm long) from the top of the crown. It is necessary to harvest from the south or west side. It is better to store the cuttings in the snow, and before the snow falls - in the refrigerator, wrapped in a film or several layers of damp newspaper.
Check hedges out deciduous trees and shrubs, trim old, neglected and bare from below. To stimulate the growth of new shoots in the spring, it is necessary to cut them to half their height.
Before the permanent snow cover falls, carry out the last work on the lawn: rake all the fallen leaves with a fan rake and store it in a special compost bin.
Leave fallen leaves under the trees as a protective layer and humus supplier.
Collection and destruction of wintering pests in the garden (carry out throughout winter season every time you visit the garden).
gardening in january
All household concerns should be switched to repair and proper storage garden tools and inventory, if possible, it is necessary to purchase means of small-scale mechanization.
Think over the layout of flower beds, rabatok, rock garden, rockery and other parts of the garden. AT last years it is customary to create flower beds in a certain color scheme. Winter is the time to make your choice and think about what types and varieties of annuals, biennials and perennials should be purchased or grown seedlings so that in the spring without special trouble plant it in the garden.
Regularly check the safety of dahlia tubers left for the winter in the basement ornamental crops and another planting material. In order not to create a center of decay, discard rotten and wet ones.
Check seeds (not sown in previous years) for germination. Buy the right seeds flower crops subject to their cultivation through seedlings at home.
Prepare soil for growing flower seedling at home.
Carry out in the first half - the end of January preparatory treatment and sowing seedlings of anti-tyrrinum seeds ( Snapdragon), verbena, gazania, heliotrope and carnations (Chinese, garden and Shabo), as well as calceolaria, lobelia and multi-grate. Early sowing will allow plants to bloom in May.
Winter planting of large trees with a lump.
Stratify (pre-freeze) seeds of crops such as adonis, aconite (wrestler), gentian and lavender. Sow seeds in shallow containers in wet sand, peat or moss and keep under snow (or in a refrigerator at a temperature of 1-5 ° C) to accelerate their germination.
Put the forcing bulbs in a warm place to create conditions for flowering in February - early March.
Take care of plants winter garden and on the windowsill, carry out loosening of dry land, watering and fertilizing.
Garden work in February
Hold in warm days(during thaws) pruning of ornamental deciduous trees and shrubs, except for blooming in spring. It is better to do this when the threat of severe frosts has passed. Remove all old branches so that inside the crown comes more light and air. This technique will allow the plants to bloom more abundantly in the summer.
Select flower annuals with a long growing season necessary for the garden and sow for seedlings. These include ageratum, aster (annual), Waller's balsam, begonia, heliotrope, kobeya, coleus, cochia, craspedia, salvia (sage), pelargonium, petunia, statice, thunbergia, and cineraria. Viola can be sown from biennials, aquilegia and delphinium from perennials.
Postpone mother plants chrysanthemums from cellars and greenhouses to heated rooms to obtain green cuttings.
When visiting the garden, control the flower garden, if necessary, protect it from mice raids (especially those areas where bulbs are planted).
Despite the cold and frost, winter work in the garden and vegetable garden can be carried out in December and January. Only the most inexperienced summer residents and gardeners believe that with the onset of winter, snowfall and a steady decrease in air temperature to negative values you can completely forget about your site until next spring. In fact, next year's harvest to a large extent depends on how the plot (garden) was cared for throughout the winter. Consider therefore the most important works in the winter in the garden, which must be carried out so that the future harvest will pleasantly surprise the owner of a summer cottage or personal plot.
From the moment the first snow falls, it is necessary to start regularly carrying out snow retention work on the site, installing fences from improvised materials in the right places. In the absence or insufficient amount of snow, it is necessary to take care of perennial and, covering them with a layer of sawdust, leaves or needles and constantly monitoring the condition of the plants in case of increased frost.
Obviously, the relevance of certain dacha works winter will depend on geographic location. for example, here, in Georgia, in some regions it is still possible to plant trees and shrubs before winter, to prepare the soil for a vegetable garden, since there is no snow yet, and there has not yet been frost.
Winter, winter crops of flower plants must also be protected from birds, especially crows, who are very fond of ruining such beds in snowless winters. Perennial vegetable crops (especially root crops) are also subject to attacks by rodents, which must be dealt with by laying poisonous baits in and around holes.
Early winter - good time to fight the bears, who most of all like to spend the winter in warm manure. It is necessary to arrange traps in the garden in the form of small but deep enough pits filled with manure, and then, after waiting for a steady frost, scatter the manure in a thin layer over the area along with the insects that have gathered there so that they freeze.
In December and January, it is most convenient and profitable to stock up on components for soil mixtures (soil, sand, compost, peat, sawdust, etc.), since the price for them is usually minimal at this time. The same applies to seeds, cuttings and seedlings (if there is a place to store them in winter), root crops for winter distillation greenery.
Many summer residents plant a winter garden on the windowsill. So I have a few containers with leafy lettuce. Buying lettuce leaves is not a problem, but these are your own! Accordingly, to get to the New Year, Christmas and other winter holidays fresh vitamin greens of onions, parsley, beets or lettuce, it's time to start forcing it in December, especially since the quality of root crops offered for sale in December is the highest, because they still cannot be spoiled by improper storage, severe frosts etc.
Finally, in December-January, it is necessary to repair and disinfect greenhouses and greenhouses, which are planned to be used again for growing early vegetables and herbs from the second half of winter.
The summer resident's winter worries about the future harvest also consist in collecting more onion peel It is an excellent pest repellant. And here eggshell, will go to feed plants, everyone knows that it contains calcium. this will be especially useful in areas with acidic soil. If you have a real stove or fireplace, then do not neglect such wealth. as furnace ash, it can both fertilize the land and use it in the fight against spider mite, slugs, aphids, cruciferous fleas, caterpillars and weevils. Just do not need to scatter ashes around the garden in winter, so part of it is lost useful properties. It is better, after it has cooled down, to put it in boxes or bags, and apply it in spring or summer. But scattering the ashes on the snow in early spring. you can achieve early snowmelt in certain areas, which means that the ground will warm up faster there and it will be possible to start planting plants earlier.
Here comes the winter. Our gardens and kitchen gardens were covered with snow, but this does not mean at all that the summer resident has no more business. Let's remember what awaits us, and how an avid gardener can use this time to his advantage.
So, let's highlight the main groups:
- Work in the garden in winter
So that our plants survive the vagaries harsh winter you need to take care of the insulation in advance. Trunks fruit trees painted with lime to protect against cracks that can occur as a result of sudden changes in day and night temperatures. This can be done in winter, but it is important to choose the moment of thaw, when it will be above +3 ° C outside. Young trees are insulated with straw and burlap.
Snow will be our assistant in caring for perennials, protecting them from freezing. To do this, you can install shields and barriers in such a way that the snow mass accumulates over the beds, forming a thermal cushion. Such a “cold” blanket will provide a stable temperature for successful wintering of strawberries and perennial flowers.
But for coniferous plants and crowns of trees heavy snowfalls can be a dangerous enemy. Under the accumulation of snow - ice mass, branches and branches may not withstand and break off. Therefore, it is advisable to periodically clean the crown, shaking off the snow mass. So, taking the treacherous winter as an assistant, our garden will wake up in the spring safe and sound.
Continuing the theme winter gardening, let's remember our feathered friends. It is they who will take care of the extermination harmful insects in the summer, being the most ecological means in pest control. Engage in attracting them to your yard by hanging feeders and remembering to replenish treats.
- Harvest storage and planting materials
Having harvested, it is also important to store it correctly so that our stocks do not deteriorate in the first month of our long winter. To do this, it is important to maintain a constant temperature of about 3-4 ° C and humidity in basements and storage facilities.
Protect yourself from rodent visits by placing baits and traps. One of better ways storage of carrots and beets in boxes with wet sand. So the vegetables will be juicy until spring and will not dry out. It is only important that the sand is exactly wet, and not wet, periodically pay attention to this. We check the potatoes for rotten fruits, which can quickly infect all tubers that are in contact.
You can sort the tubers perennials- begonias, dahlias, gladioli, cannes according to the time of planting in the ground and monitor the degree of humidity to avoid excessive drying.
- WORK PLANNING
Term summer period in many areas it is very short and some plants do not have time to mature, so plan which varieties we will plant at what time, that is, determine the most productive planting time for this crop. You can eat all summer delicious tomatoes from the garden, if you choose 3 varieties for sowing: early, medium and late, depending on climatic conditions your region.
Those who prefer to grow their own seedlings can start sowing seeds from January or February. Usually the terms are indicated on the packaging.
Now you can find a lot of information on horticultural work. Therefore, winter is ideal for mastering the theory. You can sign up for courses and forums, read literature, watch video lessons, and we also recommend replenishing your knowledge in our official group ==>>