Pump for pumping water from a well. How to choose a garden pump for pumping dirty water: a comparative overview of suitable units. Screw submersible pumps

Very often during the spring flooding of the basement, people are faced with the need to purchase a pump for pumping water. Units used to pump water from a well or well will not work, they are too sensitive to sand or small impurities. The pump for pumping water from the basement should have filters to protect against dirt and debris, as well as a grinder.

It will be impractical and difficult to pump out water manually each time, so the best option would be to purchase a pump. There are two types of these devices on the market - drainage and fecal. Let's look at how they differ from each other.

The design of fecal or, in other words, sewer type differs in that it has a chopper. Thanks to him, such debris as hair or nails turn into a homogeneous mass.

Unlike fecal pumps, drainage pumps do not have a grinder. They are submersible, surface or universal. The choice depends on financial capabilities and the depth of the well or well. Let's take a closer look at the types of drainage pumps.

Submersible

The design is placed below the level of the liquid being pumped. Thanks to this, you can not only lift liquid from a greater depth, but also do not worry about engine overheating. The unit is installed in wells, wells or technological tanks. Submersible pumps are renowned for their reliability and durability. When buying this design, you should specify whether it can be used in dirty water. If the design is designed for clean water, then it is perfect for watering a vegetable garden or garden.

Pumps for dirty water they do a good job of pumping liquid from basements, contaminated wells or construction pits. Also this design has throughput openings wider than conventional pumps. Thanks to this, the “drainers” can pass particles up to 50 mm in diameter. Some stations are capable of pumping water even with fibrous particles such as hair or algae.

In order for the unit to work in a quiet mode and with good performance, it is necessary to select a pump with a powerful engine. Also, pay attention to how deep the unit is able to raise water. If we talk about the shortcomings, then it should be noted the difficulty in maintaining this design.

Surface

A feature of the surface pump is that it does not need to be immersed in water. The design is installed in any convenient location on the surface, and only the hose is lowered into the water. The maximum depth at which the structure can work is 8-10 meters. The station is capable of pumping both clean and heavily polluted liquids.

Advice! No need to buy too cheap surface stations with a small margin of power. The efficiency of the station and the height to which the pump is able to lift water directly depend on the power of the motor.

Modern surface pumps often produced in the form of full-fledged pumping stations. Thanks to the pressure switch, the motor turns on and off automatically, without human intervention. In addition, manufacturers provide an official guarantee. The service life of such pumping stations can be up to 15 years. Also, these designs are very practical and do not require much space.

If water is pumped out at a depth of more than 9 meters, ejectors can be used that can increase the suction depth.

Universal

Pumps for pumping liquid from sewage pits can be considered universal. They work in immersed mode and have a lot of advantages. For example, when buying quality products, the unit will have more power and reliability. In addition, due to the power reserve, this design has a large service life and reliability.

Thanks to the grinder, the pump can be used even in very dirty water. This unit can be used to clean almost any pit, without fear of getting small debris or sand. The disadvantages include the high cost of this product.

How to choose the right pump

When buying a pump, you should pay attention to the power of the unit. The performance, price and reliability of the pump depend on the engine power. It is also important to understand for what purposes the unit will serve. For example, for pumping clean water from a well, the pump will be inexpensive. But for pumping dirty water in a cellar, basement or construction pit, the device will cost quite a lot of money.

You should not buy a pump from an unverified company about which little is known. Pay attention to customer reviews and the company's reputation. Let's take a closer look at some of the manufacturers that are on the market and are popular.

"Jileks"

Firm "Dzhileks" offers pumping stations, water, fecal and drainage pumps at affordable prices.

Dzhileks fecal pumps are made in the form of monoblocks and are used for pumping out sewage pits. In addition, there are units for sale that operate in automatic mode. Thanks to the float switch, the motor will not run dry.

When buying this unit, you should pay attention to such points as:

the depth of the septic tank or sewage pit;
characteristics of the pumped liquid and its viscosity;
immersion depth of the pump;
volume of pumped liquid.

Submersible pumps "Dzhileks" are able to easily deliver water even from great depths. The manufacturer guarantees stable operation even during power surges. The design has good performance and protection against dry running. In addition, the unit is able to work even in the presence of sand or limestone impurities in the water.

You can also purchase drainage structures from the company "Dzhileks". They are able to pass solid particles up to 40 mm. This unit has a small mass, a body made of impact-resistant plastic and versatility.

Grundfos

The Grundfos company was founded in 1945 and has gained a good reputation for itself. These units are adapted to work 365 days a year, to ensure maximum comfort. In addition, the company is developing electric motors that will significantly reduce electricity consumption and increase the service life of products.

Grundfos offers circulation, drainage or borehole pumps excellent quality. Also, you can purchase an automatic pumping station from Grundfos, which is capable of operating in a fully automatic mode.

"Belamos"

Thanks to a wide range of models, you can choose a pump of various designs and capacities. These pumps can be divided into three groups:

"Caliber"

This company offers two types of pumps - vibration and centrifugal. The differences are that centrifugal ones, due to better performance and greater power, are used more often for water supply to a private house or cottage. Vibrating pumps are used for watering the garden or other household needs.

Advice! If a water pump too much power, it is not recommended to use it at shallow depths. Otherwise, it will quickly fail.

The advantages of this pump include built-in thermal protection, which will completely turn off the motor in case of lack of water or overheating. In addition, the unit works well in polluted waters and in water with sand or other impurities. The disadvantages include noise, low efficiency and a limitation on the depth of water intake. Also, consumers complain about corrosion on bolts and some other external elements.

Conclusion

There are many units, thanks to which you can quickly and efficiently pump out water from the basement or cellar. Pay attention to trusted manufacturers with a good reputation and do not buy pumps that are too cheap. We are confident that properly selected products will serve you for many years and will perform their work with high quality.

Security country house water, probably, is always a paramount task when creating, even if not comfortable, but simply acceptable, minimally necessary conditions even temporary residence in it. Well, if the house is considered as the main place of residence of the family throughout the year, then the presence of a constantly and stably operating source of water generally becomes a prime necessity. Ordinary water networks in suburban villages, they are far from being found everywhere, so you often have to rely on autonomous sources.

Often, the only possible source on the site becomes a traditional well, and the owners need to organize the transportation of water from it to the points of consumption. A yoke with buckets on the shoulders of a slender mistress is very beautiful in pictures and in feature films about peasant life, but it is completely divorced from the current reality. To the aid of modern homeowners comes a variety of pump equipment able to solve the problems of water supply. In this publication, the emphasis will be on how to choose the right submersible pump for a well, so that the household's need for clean water for a variety of needs is fully met.

Providing the house with water from a nearby well can be done using a surface pumping station or a submersible pump. Both options have their own advantages and disadvantages, which should definitely be taken into account when developing a housing water supply scheme. In this publication, we will “bracket” surface-type equipment, and talk only about submersible.

One of the solutions to the issue of water supply is a stationary pumping station

If a Vacation home is a permanent place of residence, if there is an isolated soundproof room, if the parameters of the well meet certain requirements, then the pumping station is able to become optimal solution water supply issue. However, it is obvious that there are too many “ifs”, and in order not to be mistaken with, read the information posted in a special publication of our portal.

Why in some cases it is the submersible pump that becomes the best choice?

almost always limited by the depth of water absorption - usually this value lies in the range of 7 ÷ 8 meters. If we add to this a horizontal section of the pipeline from the well to the station itself, then the actual depth may be even less. This often forces one to go to additional expenses for the creation and equipment of a caisson for a pumping station in the immediate vicinity of the well. With submersible pumps, this problem is not worth it.

Submersible well pumps, unlike surface ones, will not annoy the owners with noise during their work.
Submersible well pumps are always less "capricious" to the quality of the pumped water - most of them are able to cope with fine suspensions, which are very likely in a well.
With a sufficient debit of the water source, the risk of overheating the pump drive is minimal - it is constantly in a cool water environment and is additionally cooled by the pumped flow.
With submersible pumps, it is easier to organize monitoring of the water level in the well - a special float automatic system installed on many modern models will take it over.

The use of surface pumping stations imposes special requirements on the tightness of the intake pipe. The slightest leak on the joints, completely invisible to the eye, will inevitably lead to air suction. A submersible pump has nowhere to draw air from, by definition.
If there is a need to leave housing unattended for a long period, then it will be easier to remove and remove the submersible pump than, for example, to dismantle the pumping station from the caisson or the room allocated to it.

In a word, there are a lot of advantages, therefore, on the forums dedicated to the water supply of private houses, you can find numerous recommendations for owners of houses with a well to give preference to them.

Submersible pumps also have disadvantages:

For their operation, it is necessary to provide a power line from the house to the well, to monitor the impeccable condition of the cable insulation.
Automation coordination, management work the entire plumbing system at home, it will be somewhat more difficult to perform (for pumping stations, some controls and controls are already provided for in the design itself).
The submersible pump is more vulnerable in terms of ensuring its safety. In other words, it is easier to "steal" it in the absence of the owners of the house.

Of course, no matter which pump is chosen, installing it does not solve the problem at all (unless, of course, we are talking only about watering the garden) - it requires the creation of a rather complex automated system, but this is a topic for separate consideration.

Autonomous water supply from a well

In order for the water supply to be carried out without interruption, at any time of the year, when creating an autonomous water supply, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules. - read in a separate publication of the portal.

The main types of submersible well pumps

Modern submersible pumps for wells, according to the principle of their action, they are classified into four types: vibration, centrifugal, vortex and screw.

Vibratory pumps

These pumps are among the most inexpensive and simple in their design.

Despite a fairly wide range of devices of this type, they all have approximately the same design and even outwardly very similar to each other. Sometimes the parameters are completely the same, and the whole difference is only in the pump manufacturer.

The basic device and the principle of operation are best considered in the diagram:

It is always a metal case of vertical execution, consisting of approximately equal in height, on halves with different configurations (item 1). Between the two parts of the housing there is an elastic seal (pos. 2), which is guaranteed to seal the internal cavity of the device and, in addition, acts as a kind of damper that significantly reduces the level of vibration generated by the pump. The housing halves are firmly connected by fixing screws (pos. 3).

The entire "electrical part" is located in the lower half of the device. A power cable (pos. 4) is connected to it in reliable insulation. The electromechanical part is very simple. This is a coil with a ferromagnetic core, when current is passed through it, an electromagnetic field is created. Since the supply voltage is alternating, then the power lines magnetic field change their direction 50 times per second (50 Hz). To ensure complete electrical safety and increase the durability of the coil, it is completely filled with a dielectric compound (pos. 6). Even an accidental ingress of water into the lower part of the case should not cause a short circuit of the turns.

Above the coil is a massive steel anchor (pos. 7). The alternating electromagnetic field either attracts it to itself, or repels it in the opposite direction. Due to the rather high frequency of direction change, this movement is more like the vibration of the armature together with the rod connected to it (pos. 8) in a certain amplitude range, limited by the design of the pump.

An elastic diaphragm (pos. 9) and a piston are fixed to the rod at the top of the pump. When the armature moves down, a vacuum is created in the pump chamber, due to which water flows through intake holes in the upper part of the housing (pos. 11). When the anchor moves upwards, in the compression phase, the valve (pos. 12) closes the outlet for water to the outside, and it has only one way left - through the outlet pipe (pos. 13) and further, along the hose attached to it, up to the points of water intake.

In the upper part of the body there is a hole, eyelet or ring (pos. 14) for fixing the cable, by which the pump is lowered into the well and suspended at the required height in the water column.

As you can see, the device is simple, completely eliminating the presence of rotating or rubbing nodes. It predetermines and high price for these pumps.

However, such devices also have very significant drawbacks:

Despite the presence of an elastic damper between the halves of the body, during the operation of the pump, quite strong vibration waves are created that are transmitted to the surrounding water environment. Such a phenomenon can cause cloudy water in wells that are not too deep, but this is not even the worst thing. Constant vibration impact on the unprotected walls of a well or borehole can lead to their gradual destruction. Therefore, such pumps are recommended to be used only in sources with strong walls, for example, from concrete rings.
Such a pump does not like water with small impurities - solid particles will interfere with the tight fit of the valves.
The design of the vibration pump does not imply the presence of automation or water level sensors. This means that you will either have to buy such devices additionally, or make sure that the pump is always submerged.
The operation of the pump is quite noisy, and it is felt even though it is immersed in water.
Judging by the reviews in the forums, the vibration still justifies its definition of "friend and foe", and pumps of this type usually do not "live" for too long, despite the assurances of the manufacturers. Justifying the use of vibration pumps is that their low cost makes it quite possible to replace them with new ones on a regular basis.

Vibration pumps are able to create a good water pressure, but they do not differ in high performance.

From the foregoing, the conclusion suggests itself that a vibration-type pump will be an inexpensive and effective solution if it is used to provide water to a country house in the summer and for. To consider it as a serious water supply device for suburban housing with a constant mode of residence of the owners would probably be a great exaggeration.

Screw submersible pumps

Pumps of this type are not so common, but still they deserve consideration.

The principle of pumping water with pumps of this type is based on the rotation of the "Archimedean screw" - in order to imagine this, you can recall how a conventional manual meat grinder works.

Auger (pos. 1) complex geometric shape connected to electric drive shaft (pos.2).

Rotation occurs in the cavity of the stator (pos. 3), which also has a rather complex geometry and is usually made of their elastic material (based on rubber). The turns of the rotor-screw are adjacent to the stator machines. During rotation, the volume of water that is in the formed cavities is pushed forward into the outlet pipe. It is interesting that the configuration of the screw and the stator is chosen in such a way that the total volume of liquid in the progressively moving cavities always remains the same. This provides a very even, stabilized outlet head.

Advantages of screw pumps:

High rates of generated stable pressure.
Low level of noise and vibration in the course of work.
Of all the submersible well pumps, screw pumps are the most resistant to water pollution, since such a scheme was generally developed for pumping viscous technical liquids.

However, the disadvantages of such pumps make their use very limited:

The high rates of the created pressure "coexist" with a very low performance of the pumps.
Screw pumps have the lowest efficiency, apparently due to the abundance of rubbing nodes.
The same reason - the presence of friction units, reduces the wear resistance of pumps, that is, they require regular maintenance and repair, and most often - with the replacement of worn elements.

So, screw pumps are probably more suitable for production conditions, where precise control of the generated pressure and its stability come to the fore. Despite the fact that household models are produced specifically for wells or wells, it cannot be said that they have gained wide distribution.

Centrifugal pumps for wells

This type of submersible pumps is the most common and popular, as it meets most of the requirements for such equipment.

The working body in pumps of this type is a wheel with blades, placed in a special chamber, with a liquid inlet in the center and an outlet pipe on the periphery.

The rotation of the wheel with the blades, provided by the electric drive, creates powerful centrifugal force vectors - the incoming water is thrown radially from the center to the outer walls of the chamber. As a result, a rarefaction zone is created in the center, and an area is created on the periphery. high blood pressure(This is well illustrated by the change in color from blue to red). This creates a powerful flow of water.

There can be several such chambers installed in a cascade, which naturally increases the pressure created by the pump (water column).

Pumps of this type have high performance - they are able to lift water from very significant depths, without losing their performance. Their work is quiet and is not accompanied by any significant vibration.

Such pumps are especially characterized by a very large variety of models with different characteristics - the performance and the generated pressure can vary both by changing the diameter of the working chambers and their number. It is always possible to choose a model for an existing water source - from surface wells to very deep wells.

The disadvantage of such pumps can be conditionally considered the complexity of the design, which predetermines a rather high price for such equipment.

The centrifugal circuit allows many pumps to work with moderately polluted water - this should be indicated in the product data sheet.

Vortex submersible pumps

There is another category of submersible pumps - vortex type. In general, such devices are very similar in design and principle of operation to centrifugal ones. However, the special shape of the impeller and the chamber contributes not only to the creation of centrifugal forces, but also to the turbulent accelerations of the pumped liquid that add up with them. This significantly improves the performance of the equipment.

Interestingly, the design of such pumps is even somewhat simpler than standard centrifugal ones, which makes them lower in cost. This can be attributed to clear advantages. Such devices work almost silently and without vibrations. Another important point– the vortex type pump is not afraid of getting a certain amount of air together with the pumped water – in technological purposes such equipment is even used for pumping liquid dispersed compositions saturated with gases.

In addition, the widespread use of pumps of this type is also limited by their not too “outstanding” durability - according to these indicators, they are significantly inferior to centrifugal ones.

The main parameters for choosing a submersible pump for a well

Before you go shopping for a pump for a well, the future owner should clearly understand a few important points:

What are the main purposes of using the pump - will it be used only for gardening and household purposes, or will it become the main supplier of water for the entire house.
Based on the first point - what quantitative water demand should be provided by the pump, and what should be the pressure created.
It is important to have an accurate idea of the depth of the well and the thickness of the water layer in it, not only static, but also dynamic, that is, with active water intake. Ideally, you need to know the debit of the well - that is, the amount of water entering it per unit of time. Be sure to take into account the remoteness of the well from the house or the proposed points of water intake.
It is important to have information about the quality of the water in the well, the degree of its turbidity, the condition of the soil at the bottom. Perhaps, visual observations will not be enough for this, and more in-depth laboratory analysis will be required.

Don't forget about the water filtration and purification system!

The analysis carried out will help in drawing up a scheme for the necessary water treatment, in cases where the well becomes the main source of water for a permanently inhabited house. What are necessary in certain cases - read in a separate publication of our portal.

So, when choosing a submersible pump for a well, the following criteria are evaluated:

Electrical parameters of the pump. Although these values, in terms of assessing the operational capabilities of the equipment, are rather indicative, their consideration is necessary to create an appropriate power line that will be able to withstand the load. It may be necessary to provide a dedicated machine for the pump. In addition, some pumping equipment (in particular, centrifugal type) is very demanding on voltage stability, so if there are problems in the power grid, you will also have to install a stabilizer.
The most important value when choosing is the water pressure created by the pump, which is usually indicated in meters of water column. For reference, the value of 10 meters of a column is approximately equal to 1 technical atmosphere or 1 bar.

The pressure created by the pump must ensure both the rise of water from the depth and its delivery to the points of consumption, the most remote or maximum raised above ground level. In this case, horizontal pipe sections should also be taken into account - they also experience pressure losses due to hydraulic resistance. In addition, the diameter and even the material of the pipes are important - in metal, the resistance is always higher.

Naturally, at the end point of consumption, the pressure must be such that comfortable use of water is ensured, that is, at least 1.5 ÷ 2 atmospheres. Some appliances and devices may require and large values- all this is taken into account in the preliminary calculation of the required indicator. This is usually solved by installing a hydraulic accumulator.

The next most important value is the performance of the device, that is, its ability to pump the required amount of water per unit time (liters per second, cubic meters per hour, etc.)

Here the calculation is based on the number of points of water consumption and their average consumption. Moreover, they usually calculate so that the pump can cope even with short-term peak consumption, in that unlikely, but still possible situation when all points are involved.

If the pump will be used only for watering the garden, then here the calculation is completely different - they proceed from the area of \u200b\u200bthe site, required amount water and duration of irrigation.

Calculators for calculating the required performance are also given in the appendix to the article.

An important selection parameter is the size of the pump. If for a well the diameter of the device does not play so important role, as for , then the height, on the contrary, becomes of paramount importance - here everything depends on the height of the water layer. The pump must be suspended so as to remain submerged in the water, but at the same time not be located closer to the bottom than the manufacturer recommends, so as not to cause the concept of turbidity.
Be sure to take into account the permissible contamination of water with solid inclusions - usually this parameter is indicated in the technical documentation. For wells with a shallow depth and a silty bottom, it would be more appropriate to purchase a pump with an upper water intake. If the prior is demanding on the purity of the pumped water, then it is better to purchase a model equipped with an intake pair, which is always maintained at a certain depth using a float device. Typically, such nozzles are equipped with additional filtering devices.

Of course, the operation of the pump will become much calmer if it is equipped with a float water level sensor - this prevents air from being sucked in in cases where, for some reason, the water flow exceeded the debit of the well.
The pump housing must be made of high quality material, which is not subject to corrosion and does not reduce nutritional qualities water. Different pumps can use cast iron or stainless steel(which, of course, affects the cost of the product). Recently, more and more high-strength plastic has been used.
The indicator of the mass of the device is important for organizing a reliable suspension of the pump in the water column. Many models are immediately equipped with cables or cords of the required level of tensile strength.

Pumping equipment is an indispensable part in equipping a summer house or a country house with water supply and sewerage.

The pump for pumping water is useful for various jobs - for pumping water from the pool, from the basement after the flood and for mining drinking water from a well or well.

1 Types of pumping equipment

All devices are divided mainly into two types: pumps for pumping drinking water and for pumping waste water (technical water).

1.2 Devices for technical fluid

The sewage bilge pump works with heavily contaminated liquid. Such equipment includes devices for storage tanks, for watering beds from a river or lake, for pumping water from a pool. Such equipment is less responsive to small contaminants, as it is equipped with reliable filters that do not let large particles of debris into the device.

2 Types of pumps by purpose

When choosing pumping device its purpose and the pumped material are necessarily taken into account, because the efficiency and ease of use depend on it. For almost every individual case and working conditions, there is a special type of pumping equipment, these are pumps:

for a well;
for a well;
for the pool;
for tanks;
drainage pump.

To supply water from a well, most often, several types of pumping equipment are used: submersible, surface devices and . The submersible apparatus allows you to extract water from the well all year round. But it is advisable to dismantle the surface equipment during the onset of frost. AT winter time year you can use pumping station if it is installed inside the house.

The most suitable option for a well is a submersible device that is installed directly into the source pipe and supplies water from a depth. Sometimes a surface water pump is used, for the installation of which casing pipe equipped with a special flange. A manual apparatus may be used to extract fluid from a well. Its main advantage is energy independence. For this reason, such devices are used as a backup option if a power outage occurs.

For the pool, manufacturers, as a rule, make compact equipment so that it is easy to move from place to place (this is for pools small size). For stationary pools, stationary devices are used, which are installed under the bottom or on the side.

Devices for tanks are practically no different from well ones - it is possible to use all types of pumps, except for borehole ones. The best option are submersibles.
Drainage equipment is designed for pumping liquid from shallow and deep reservoirs. The sewer apparatus has a different purpose - one type is used for transporting wastewater through pipes, the other type is used for pumping out drain well, and the third - for draining water bodies or flooded premises.
A household mechanical pump is recommended to be installed if a small load is planned for it. This manual apparatus is a cyclic pump. The liquid is supplied by a piston, which has two modes - suction and discharge. This is very practical option for suburban area or country house without electricity.
3 Universal pump
Universal models include devices that are intended for pumping sewage. Such devices operate when completely immersed in liquid.
The main advantages of this device are as follows:
reliability and structural strength;
pumping power;
durability;
inside the case there is a grinder for particulate matter;
Can be used with dirty water

Of the shortcomings, it is important to note the very high cost. But such a reliable device can not only clean any drain, but also water the garden with water from a dirty pond.
4 Dirty water pump
The main task of the pump is to organize water supply and drainage of dirty water. The pump has more complex structure, how pump unit, therefore, performs tasks that a conventional pump cannot handle.
Pumps for pumping contaminated water are used to perform the following work:
drainage of swampy areas;
pumping out domestic wastewater;
pumping water from basements, cellars;
pumping dirty water from a well;
drainage of pools and artificial ponds.

4.1 Design features
This type of equipment not only pumps out dirty liquid, but also removes debris of various sizes. That is why manufacturers have provided such design features in pumps:
openings for the inlet and outlet of the working medium have a very wide diameter;
built-in powerful motor;
in the designs of most units, a chopper is provided, which, pumping out liquid, crushes debris for better output.

5 Classification
Pump pumps are divided into two types: submersible and surface.
The surface pump is installed directly near the water source. Such a device supplies liquid from a shallow depth and cannot pump over long distances. Basically, pumps are used to pump water from a pool, basement, and when extinguishing a fire.
The submersible pump must be installed on the bottom of the reservoir. Submersible models are produced in a single housing, for the purpose of tightness, and are used to supply liquid from a well or reservoir. There are three types of submersible pumps: fecal, drainage and well.
5.1 PEDROLLO MCM water pump (video)

Happy owners of suburban areas know from their own experience that it is rather problematic to solve the problem of pumping dirty water without using a garden pump. This device, which is necessary in the household, will help to empty the decorative reservoir in the garden in no time, and, if necessary, to pump out the basement flooded with flood waters.

What types of equipment does modern market and how to choose a pump for dirty water, we will consider in the article.

The main purpose of pumps designed for pumping out is to drain storage tanks and remove accumulated moisture during floods. And in case of occurrence emergencies and empty flooded cellars and cellars.

Modern models of pumps for pumping dirty water can be used to solve many problems:

clean the well shaft from silt and sand deposits;
remove "flowered" water from an open reservoir in the garden;
apply in the arrangement of the drainage system.

Unlike downhole devices such pumps are capable of passing fibres, solids and small stones. Thanks to this, they are indispensable universal assistants in the performance of economic tasks.

With the help of these devices it is very convenient to water the garden beds on the site by throwing the suction hose into a nearby reservoir

The design of any garden pump for dirty water has a similar package. The device consists of a metal or plastic case, inside which an electric motor and a pump unit are placed.

When the motor is turned on, a vacuum is created inside the case. Under the influence low pressure the liquid is sucked into the chamber, passing through which it moves to the outlet hose and is pushed out with force.

The operation of any pump is based on the principle of water retraction: liquid seeps through the inlet and, after passing through the chamber, is ejected into the outlet

Depending on the method of creating a vacuum inside the chamber of the device, the pumps are divided into three groups:

Centrifugal- work due to the fact that under the action of rotation of the blades of the wheels and the working part, the liquid is drawn into the body. Under the pressure of centrifugal force, it is pressed against the wall and then pushed out into the outlet.
Vibrating– based on the effect created by the coil electromagnetic field. The metal core, equipped with a flexible diaphragm, being drawn into the coil, creates a low pressure, under the action of which fluid is sucked into the hydraulic chamber. When the curved diaphragm returns to its original position, the pressure inside the chamber increases, and the water is pushed out into the outlet.
Vortex- work by rotating a metal disk with blades, referred to as a vortex wheel. Under its action, the water is twisted into a vortex spiral, creating a powerful pressure at the outlet.

For pumping contaminated liquid at the household level, site owners mainly choose vibration and centrifugal type devices.

Garden pumps for dirty water are able to pass liquid through themselves, without harm to mechanisms and assemblies, particles of dirt "caliber" up to 5 mm

Vortex-type models are extremely rarely used in pumping water with impurities and inclusions, since they are very sensitive to suspended particles in water. We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with our other material, in which we described in detail drainage pumps and posted tips on choosing them.

Varieties of pumps for dirty water

Depending on the method of water intake and the location of the unit body relative to the tank, garden pumps for dirty water are divided into two types: surface and submersible.

Surface Models

This range of units are systems that are not immersed in water. They are placed near a reservoir, and the water is taken by immersing a strain-resistant suction hose or pipe.

Surface-mounted units are designed more to work with slightly contaminated water; most models can pass particles whose diameter does not exceed 10 mm

The body of surface type pumps can be made of plastic or metal. Units with a plastic case work quietly, and are inexpensive. But plastic is a rather fragile material that can withstand only minor mechanical loads.

Pumps with a metal casing, although they buzz quite loudly during the pumping process, are not so afraid of blows. And therefore they are more famous long term operation. To slightly reduce the level of "growling" that occurs during the vibration process when pumping water, the masters recommend placing the body of the device on a special platform equipped with a rubberized mat.

When installing the unit in non-hermetically closed pits, it is recommended to cover the bottom of the substrate with crushed stone or gravel. Bulk materials will simultaneously perform two functions: reduce the vibration of the body and absorb excess moisture.

Among the main advantages of surface aggregates, it is worth highlighting:

Ease of operation. Due to their compact dimensions and low weight, it is convenient to move them around the territory, installing them in the right place. In case of bad weather, it can always be removed indoors.
Versatility of application. To start the device, it is enough to install it on a flat area, place the end of the suction hose in a filled tank, and at the final stage, connect it to the mains.
Democratic price. A wide price range of surface-mounted pumps for sale allows you to choose a model that will satisfy the wishes and financial capabilities of any consumer.

The only "minus" of surface aggregates is the limited depth. Most models can work without overloads only at a depth of five to seven meters.

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Single-phase low-power devices are more suitable for occasional use. With frequent use, there is a high probability of their rapid incapacitation. Because in winter period when pumping water using surface pumps, there is a high risk of freezing of the system; it is better to transfer them indoors or wrap them up at this time of the year.

When pumping dirty water, the surface pump can be installed on adjoining territory, and only stretch the hose outside the site

Submersible devices

Submersible models differ in that the water intake in these devices is carried out directly through the pump without using hoses. The units are completely immersed in water and lowered to the bottom of the water intake.

Submersible type devices are used when it is necessary to pump out dirty water from a depth reaching a mark of 8 meters or more.

Submersible models are characterized by relatively silent operation. During the operation of the device, you only need to monitor the water level so that it does not fall below the critical one, and the pump does not suck in air, that is, it does not work “dry”. To avoid this, preference should be given to models equipped with.

When working at great depths, installation in the ejector housing helps to ensure suction stability. Thanks to this, the device will function normally even if there are air jams in the system.

The indisputable advantage of submersible pumps is all-weather capability - the equipment is able to work all year round until the water surface is covered with ice

Submersible pumps are famous for their good resistance to temperature extremes and the effects of aggressive agents, which is especially valuable when they are used to equip drainage systems. After all, dirty water can be saturated in various ways. chemical compounds, as well as numerous alkaline and salt impurities.

Powerful three-phase devices are capable of pumping contaminated water, in which the diameter of solid particles reaches 50 mm. These units are equipped mesh filters with wide chambers. Through them, polluted water, along with debris and fibers, is freely pumped without clogging the system.

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Criteria for a competent choice

picking up suitable model for domestic needs, you should focus primarily on what functions it is designed to perform, what characteristics it has.

Scope of the unit

When planning to use the unit only for garden beds from a nearby reservoir or for draining a flooded cellar, you can get by with a device with a capacity of 120 l / min.

You intend to use the pump when arranging the drainage system - give preference when choosing more powerful units

The size of solid elements that the unit is able to "digest" is indicated in the instructions for a particular model. On sale you can find models designed only for slightly polluted water, in the structure of which only a few a large number of sand. A wide range also includes units that successfully cope even with small stones.

Units for pumping highly contaminated liquids are equipped with grinders capable of grinding solids into small fractions

In addition, units of this type are made from materials with increased strength, and are not afraid of exposure to an aggressive environment. Therefore, they have a longer service life than conventional garden pumps for dirty water.

performance and pressure

When purchasing a pump for dirty water, pay special attention to its technical characteristics:

Performance- the amount of liquid pumped per minute.
pressure- the ability to push water to a certain height.

When calculating the required power of the device, it should be taken into account that the ratio of the length vertically and horizontally will be 1:4. This means that one meter of vertical pipeline will correspond to four meters of horizontal.

Taking into account this ratio, it will not be difficult to calculate the maximum suction depth of the pump for specific conditions.

If you have any doubts when performing calculations for choosing a device, additionally consult a specialist.

Suction valve location

Suction holes can be located in the bottom of the device or its upper part above the engine compartment. Devices whose suction valves are located in the bottom of the housing demonstrate much greater efficiency. They are able to pump water out of the tank almost without residue.

When installing such a device at the bottom of a polluted pool or natural reservoir, you should be prepared for the fact that at the time of pumping out, in addition to water, it will also “grab” settled silt deposits

For drainage of reservoirs and filled tanks, it is worth choosing units whose suction valves are located on the body in the upper part. "Upper" pumps are more durable due to the fact that the placement of the suction pipe above the engine compartment minimizes the risk of damage to the working chamber when large particles enter.

When working with pumps whose suction holes are located in the bottom of the device, experienced owners recommend placing the units on special stands.

Float automatic shutdown

Automation, although it increases the cost of equipment, but it allows you to prevent overheating of the motor.

The float is a device in the form of a plastic floating box. Inside it is placed electrical cable and steel ball. It reacts to changes in the water level and closes/opens the switch contacts.

The presence of such a float automates the process and protects the internal mechanisms of the device from overheating when running "dry"

The main advantage of the device is that it simultaneously performs two functions: it acts as a water level sensor and serves as an actuator for controlling the pump.

Having spent a little more money on a device equipped with an automation system, you can not worry that after pumping out the water it will work “dry”. The only thing is that it is recommended to wash the float switch every few months with a jet of water under pressure from contamination. Preventive cleaning will prevent the float from sticking to the outlet pipe.

Comparative review of the best manufacturers

The company is considered to be the market leader Grundfos». The Danish company is the oldest manufacturer of pumping equipment. The developments introduced by the technologists of the leading company were subsequently adopted by other manufacturers.

The equipment of this manufacturer is famous for its ability to easily cope without harm to itself with water of any degree of contamination, as well as high reliability.

The range of manufactured products is represented by pumps of all varieties and types. And they all have one thing in common - highest quality backed by a valid manufacturer's warranty.

Another imported brand that has earned a positive reputation among buyers from different parts of the world is the brand Pedpollo.

The Italian company over 40 years of activity has grown into a powerful "heavyweight" in the market of pumping equipment, becoming a worthy competitor to the world's leading manufacturer

“Pedrollo pumps work everywhere” is the main slogan of the world famous brand. And if you study the characteristics of the equipment it produces, then it is worth highlighting the versatility of its application. Pumps are capable of operating in contaminated water, aggressive environments and at high temperatures.

Among the pumping equipment of domestic production, the products manufactured under the following trademarks have proven themselves the most well:

"Jileks"- pumping equipment of a domestic manufacturer is focused on the conditions of the Russian outback with its abundance of "difficult" soils and wetlands, as well as possible power outages.
"Vortex"- pumps of this manufacturer are famous for their high power and low noise. The certified equipment manufactured by the company undergoes numerous tests for performance and endurance.
"Foreman"– powerful and low-maintenance pumps of this brand are produced on the basis of advanced technologies. This allows the company to keep the quality bar at a high level.

Among trademarks pumps for dirty water well-proven brands DAB, Karcher and "Belamos". The equipment manufactured under these brands is famous for its optimal price-quality ratio.

When purchasing the right model, you have to prioritize: pay more and choose an unquestioned European brand, or purchase an inexpensive domestic product, but at the risk of receiving low-quality warranty support.

In order not to doubt your choice, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

What is the difference between dirty water pump and drainage equipment:

If there is no electricity in your area, the only solution to the problem is to purchase a manual pump pump. The pumping of liquid through such units is carried out due to the movement of the piston, which increases the pressure in one chamber and lowers it in the other.

The price of products fluctuates within 150 USD. But, as in the choice of similar electrical models, key attention should be paid to what size solids they are designed for.

Looking for a dirty water pump? Or you already have experience in using such equipment and you can give useful advice to our readers? Please write comments in the block below.

Owners of private houses often have to solve the problem of pumping dirty water on their own. For example, in the spring, when the flood floods the basements, few people call the utilities, because the cost of pumping out is not cheap. But you can’t apply it with buckets either, because in the first days the water arrives faster than it is scooped out. The only rescue option is pumps for dirty water, which are able to pump out not only the basement, but also water in their own pond, pool. They can even water the garden by throwing a hose into a nearby river. Well or borehole units are not suitable for these purposes, because they work only with clean water. Therefore, it is necessary to stock up in advance with pumps designed specifically for pumping dirty liquids.

Units that are pumped clean water are not designed to contain solid particles. From this, the system becomes clogged and quickly becomes unusable. In pumps for pumping dirty liquids, this moment is taken into account, and solid particles ranging in size from 2 to 5 cm easily pass through the system, being thrown out with water into the hoses. These pumps are called drainage pumps.

The instructions for a specific model indicate what size of solid particles they are designed for. So, there are pumps that pump out only slightly polluted water containing a small amount of sand. There are those who successfully cope with small pebbles. A separate type of units was created for pumping water with feces and long fibers, such as hair, threads, etc. Although they are classified as drainage systems, they are distinguished into a special group - fecal.

All garden pumps for dirty water are divided into 2 groups depending on the method of water intake: surface and submersible.

Features of working with a surface unit

The surface pump for pumping out dirty water is designed for slightly contaminated liquids with solid particles no more than 1 cm. It is placed near the intake site on some solid platform, lowering only the sleeve (inlet pipe) to the bottom of the reservoir or flooded room. These units are characterized by low power, so it is profitable to buy them for periodic use. For example, pump out water from the basement a couple of times a season or water the garden once a week. Daily use quickly disables systems.

Surface pumps in plastic cases are much quieter than metal ones, but they are afraid of falls and last a shorter time.

Of the advantages, it is worth noting the ease of installation and operation. These systems can be installed almost anywhere where there is a power supply nearby. But keep in mind that surface pumps are not designed for great depths. Optimal depth, on which they are able to work without overloads - about 5 meters. Models in plastic cases are cheaper, but inferior in reliability to metal systems. True, the latter buzz more strongly during operation.

A slight inconvenience of surface pumps is that they are placed on the street, and if you have to pump out water when sub-zero temperatures, i.e. the risk of freezing of the device. To avoid this, they try to install pumps in nearby buildings - a garage, a barn, etc.

When used in winter, surface pumps should be covered or hidden indoors to avoid freezing of the system.

Submersible pumps: we select by power

Submersible pumps operate on a different principle than surface pumps. They are completely lowered to the bottom of the water intake source. These units are capable of pumping heavily polluted waters containing a large number of large particles (up to 5 cm). Due to the wide working chamber of the mechanism, all debris passes freely along with the water to the outside, without causing clogging of the unit.

The suction hole located at the bottom of the drainage pump allows you to pump out water from the basement almost completely, because the device is placed directly on the bottom

Submersible pumps for dirty water are divided into domestic and industrial. Naturally, for country needs industrial options not worth taking. They have high capacities and productivity, which will not be in demand within one section. But the energy consumption is much higher than in household systems.

When choosing this type of pump, pay attention to the following:

The location of the suction hole.

If it is located at the bottom of the pump, then you can almost completely pump out the water from the basement. But in reservoirs, the unit is not immersed to the very bottom, otherwise it will capture a large amount of silt. Therefore, the pump is placed on a special stand or models are found where the suction hole is located at the top of the system.

The presence of a float for automatic shutdown

Automation increases the cost of the pump, but it is needed in order to prevent the motor from overheating if the unit pumps out all the water and starts running dry. Thus, the owners do not have to stand near a running pump until it pumps out the room completely. The float itself will react to the changed water level and will give the command to the motor to turn off.

Scope of use of the pump

It is important to decide in advance what you plan to do with this pump. If you only water the garden and drain the flooded premises, then a model that pumps out about 120 liters per minute is enough. But if you plan to use the unit in drainage system, then a more powerful model is needed.

Fecal pumps: for especially polluted water

If you need a universal water pump that can be used for both dirty water and domestic wastewater, with feces, paper, hair and other miscellaneous debris, then you should look among fecal models. They work on the same principle as submersible systems, but have a very important adaptation. This is a grinder that crushes all solid particles into small fractions and only then passes them into the mechanism. You can safely lower the system to the bottom of a muddy pond, from where not only water will flow into your garden, but also fertilizer in the form of silt and crushed water bugs.

Fecal pumps are made from high-strength materials that are not afraid of chemical reactions decomposition and aggressive environment, so they last almost forever

In addition, such units are made of materials increased strength, which are not afraid of an aggressive environment, which means that their service life is higher than that of conventional submersible pumps.

If there is no electricity in the country, then the manual pump option may be the only option for a pump for dirty water. They are sold ready-made, they cost no more than $ 150, but you need to pay attention to what size of solid particles they are designed for.

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