Polymer paints. SNiP. polymer cement paint polymer cement paint

Usage: for decorative and protective finishing of exterior and internal surfaces building structures. The essence of the invention: polymer paint contains, wt.%: white Portland cement 28.4 - 30.0, polyvinyl acetate emulsion 4.0 - 6.0; polymethylsiloxane, alkali-resistant pigment 1.0 - 3.0; quartz sand fraction 0.15 - 0.32 mm 27.6 - 32.0; quartz sand fraction less than 0.15 mm 13.0 - 16.0; water the rest. Frost resistance of the coating - 200 cycles, water resistance coefficient - 0.95, weather resistance coefficient - 0.92. 2 tab.

The invention relates to building materials for decorative and protective finishing of external and internal surfaces of concrete, reinforced concrete and stone structures industrial, civil and residential buildings. Known polymer mortar for finishing building concrete products and structures, consisting, wt. synthetic binder 30-40; cement 14-18; quartz sand 18-25; aerated concrete dust 25-35; organosilicon liquid 0.3-0.7; potassium liquid glass 0.5-0.7; carboxymethylcellulose 0.5-0.8; surfactant 1.1-1.8. The polymer cement coating has high physical and mechanical properties(strength, water resistance, adhesion, etc.). However, this polymer-cement mortar coating 2-4 mm thick has low water resistance, which does not effectively protect the outer facades of building walls. At a constant hydrostatic head of water of 100 mm on a mortar coating 3 mm thick, after 15 minutes, moisture penetrates through the coating (appears water spot on the reverse side coatings. In addition, this polymer cement mortar has significant water absorption. The prototype of the proposed polymer paint is a composition comprising, wt. Portland cement 20-60; PVA dispersion 1-6; organosilicon additive 0.5-12.0; filler 20-60; pigment 2-6; water the rest. He possesses the following properties: viscosity at 20 ° C according to VZ-4-24.3-37s; covering power 234-247 g/m 3 ; ultimate bending strength 5.5-12 G, MPa; compressive strength 10.0-26.2 MPa; frost resistance coefficient after 35 freeze-thaw cycles 1.0; water resistance coefficient 0.84-0.94; linear shrinkage 0.4-0.91 mm/m; water absorption in cold water 24 h 6.8% The disadvantages of the known polymer mixture are significant water absorption and water permeability of mortar coatings with a thickness of 2-4 mm. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the polymer-cement paint, including white Portland cement, a polyvinyl acetate emulsion, an organosilicon additive, an alkali-resistant pigment, a filler and water, additionally contains polymethylsiloxane as an organosilicon additive, and fractionated sand with a particle size of 0.15-0.32 mm as a filler and less than 0.15 mm in the following ratio, wt. White Portland cement 28.4-30.0 Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 4.0-6.0 Quartz sand with a fraction of 0.15-0.32 mm 27.6-32.0 Quartz sand with a fraction of less than 0.15 mm 13.0-16, 0 Polymethylsiloxane 0.4-0.6 Water 18.0-20.0 Alkali-resistant pigment 1.0-3.0 Polymer paint of the proposed composition has increased water resistance in thin-layer protective coatings and reduced water absorption. The developed polymer-cement paint is intended for application to the finished (protected) wall surface. mechanized way using the SO-154 painting unit (with screw pump). For the preparation of polymer cement paint, the following were used: white Portland cement M-300 (GOST 965-78); plasticized polyvinyl acetate emulsion DF-48/5S (GOST 18992-80; polymethylsiloxane PMS-200 (GOST 13032-77); quartz sand (GOST 8736-77);
pigments: minium iron AK (GOST 8135-74); natural dry ocher (TU 8292-85); technical chromium oxide (TU 2972-79);
tap water (GOST 2874-82). Polymer-cement paint is prepared as follows: dry paint components are mixed in a mixer (cement + sand + pigment for 2-3 minutes at a speed of 150-200 rpm, then the liquid paint component is loaded into the mixer (water + PVA emulsion + PMS-200 ) and mix again for 4-5 minutes until a homogeneous mass.The proposed polymer paint has high physical and mechanical and operational properties(Table 1 shows the compositions, and Table 2 shows the properties of polymer cement paint). Polymer cement paint has high performance properties:
water resistant (water resistance coefficient 0.95);
alkali-resistant (alkali resistance coefficient in 10% sodium hydroxide solution for 6 months is 0.89);
acid-resistant in weak acidic environments (pH up to 6);
weatherproof (weather resistance coefficient for 6 months 0.92);
oil-resistant and oil-tight (machine industrial oil); the coating of the proposed polymer paint with a thickness of 3 mm is able to withstand the impact of a column of oil 100 mm high for 15-20 days;
frost-resistant (the coating of the proposed paint is able to withstand more than 200 freeze-thaw cycles without significant loss of strength).

Claim

POLYMERCEMENT PAINT, including white Portland cement, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, organosilicon additive, alkali-resistant pigment, filler and water, characterized in that it contains polymethylsiloxane as an organosilicon additive, and quartz sand as a filler fraction 0.15 0.32 mm and fractions less than 0 ,15 mm in the following ratio, wt. Portland cement white 28.4 30.0
Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 4.0 6.0
Polymethylsiloxane 0.4 0.6
Alkali-resistant pigment 1.0 3.0
Sand quartz fraction 0.15 0.32 mm 27.6 32.0
Sand quartz fraction less than 0.15 mm 13.0 16.0
Water Rest

All documents presented in the catalog are not their official publication and are for informational purposes only. Electronic copies of these documents can be distributed without any restrictions. You can post information from this site on any other site.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE USSR

POLYMER CEMENT PAINTS

GOST 19279-73

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR CONSTRUCTION

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

POLYMER CEMENT PAINTS

Polymer-cement paints

GOST 19279-73

By the Decree of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction of December 12, 1973 No. 231, the deadline for the introduction was established

from 01.01.75

Paints are intended for outdoor and interior decoration buildings on concrete, aerated concrete, brick, asbestos-cement and plastered surfaces and fiberboards, as well as for finishing reinforced concrete panels in factory conditions.

Paints are applied at a temperature not lower than plus 2°C.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. The dry pigment part of polymer cement paints must contain white Portland cement grade 400 according to GOST 965-78, building ground lime according to GOST 9179-74, filler - mineral powder according to GOST 9.302-79.

To obtain colored paints, mineral pigments or organic dyes are added that meet the requirements of current standards or specifications.

1.2. The dry pigment part of the paints must meet the requirements specified in Table. one.

Table 1

1.3. As an aqueous polymer dispersion, a polyvinyl acetate emulsion according to GOST 18992-80 or synthetic latexes resistant to cement and meeting the requirements of standards or specifications for these latexes are used.

1.4. The aqueous dispersion of the polymer must be stable and, when mixed with the dry pigment part, resistant to coagulation.

1.5. Paints must be manufactured according to the recipe and technology approved in the prescribed manner.

1.6. Ready-to-use paint is obtained on site by mixing the dry pigment part with an aqueous polymer dispersion diluted to 15% concentration.

1.7. Paints are produced in white, light yellow, yellow, beige-pink, terracotta, light green, light blue and light gray.

By agreement with the consumer, the release of paints of other colors is allowed.

1.8. Paint, ready for use, must meet the requirements specified in table. 2.

table 2

2. ACCEPTANCE RULES

2.1. Polymer cement paints must be accepted by the department technical control batch manufacturer.

2.2. A batch is taken as the amount of dry pigment part of the same color, complete with an aqueous polymer dispersion, that does not exceed the daily output of the enterprise.

The batch includes a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion in a ratio of 1: 0.3 by weight.

The paints are supplied as a set in a two-pack (separately the dry pigment part and the water dispersion of the polymer).

The samples taken from the batch are thoroughly mixed, lodged and divided into two equal parts.

One of these parts is subjected to tests according to the indicators provided in Sec. 1, the other is stored for one month, in a dry room, in a dry, tightly closed container in case of retesting.

2.4. A paint sample in an amount of 1% from each batch is taken using a glass tube, a special sampler or a wooden paddle from the top, middle and bottom of the container. Before taking a sample, the paint is thoroughly mixed and subjected to a test according to the indicators provided for in Sec. one.

2.5. The quality of the dry pigment part, the stability of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer and the ready-to-use paint of the same color are checked once per shift.

If the results of the re-inspection do not meet the requirements of the standard, then the entire lot is not subject to acceptance.

3. TEST METHODS

3.1. The manufacturer and consumer produce control check quality of the dry pigmented part and paint to meet the requirements of this standard, using the following test methods.

3.2. Determination of the moisture content of the dry pigment part

3.2.1. Equipment, utensils

Analytical scales and weight. Drying cabinet. Bux.

3.2.2. Conducting a test

About 1 g of the dry pigment portion is placed in a preliminarily dried and weighed bottle and dried at a temperature of 105°C in drying cabinet to constant weight.

Humidity (W) of the dry part in percent is calculated by the formula

W= *100,

where m 1 - weight of the dry pigment part in g;

m 2 - weighing of the dry pigment part of the after-drying in the city of

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the results of three determinations.

3.3. Determination of fineness of grinding dry pigment part

3.3.1. Equipment, utensils

Sieve No. 020.

Sieve No. 0071.

Scales technical accuracy up to 0.01 g with weight.

Drying cabinet.

Porcelain cup.

Watch glass.

Drinking water according to GOST 2874-82.

3.3.2. Conducting a test

About 10 g of the dry pigment portion is mixed in a porcelain cup with 250 ml of water. The residue is triturated on the bottom of the cup with light finger pressure to crush the lumps, and at the same time the suspension is decanted several times through a sieve (No. 020 or 0071), previously moistened with water using a soft brush. The water is changed several times, repeating this operation until there are absolutely no traces of the dry pigment part in the cup.

The residue on the sieve is kept at room temperature for 30 min, after which it is dried in an oven at a temperature of 100-105°C.

After drying, the rest of the dry pigment part is transferred to a watch glass with a soft brush and weighed.

The sieve residue (Z) as a percentage is determined by the formula

Z = *100,

where g 1 - weight of the dry pigment part in g;

g 2 - the rest of the dry pigment part in g that did not pass through the sieve.

The arithmetic mean of the three determinations is taken as the test result.

3.4. Determination of the stability of an aqueous polymer dispersion

The essence of the method is to determine the stability of an aqueous dispersion from coagulation when mixed with a dry pigment part.

3.4.1. Equipment, utensils

Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.

Glass plate size 10´ 10 cm

The test tube is glass.

Glass stick.

3.4.2. Conducting a test

About 10 g of the dry pigment part is weighed on a technical scale and transferred to a porcelain mortar.

Then, 10 g diluted (with water) aqueous polymer dispersion (polyvinyl acetate emulsion 2.7 times, cement-resistant synthetic latexes 1.7 times by volume) is added to the mortar with constant stirring, after which stirring is continued for 2 minutes.

The test result is considered positive if, when the dry pigment part is mixed with an aqueous dispersion of the polymer and the sample is transferred to a glass plate, there will be no lumps or grains in it.

3.5. The determination of the conformity of the paint color to the approved standard is carried out according to GOST 16873-78.

3.6. Paint pot life determination

The essence of the method is to determine the change in paint mobility over a given time

3.6.1. Equipment, utensils, materials

Scales technical with weight.

Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.

Mortar with pestle according to GOST 9147-80.

Glass stick.

Beaker according to GOST 1770-74.

Glass plate size 30´ 25cm

Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

3.6.2. Conducting a test

The composition of the paint paint consistency (21 with VZ-4) in the amount of 10 g is obtained by mixing the dry pigment part with an aqueous dispersion of the polymer. The mixture is ground in a porcelain mortar until the powder is completely wetted, after which stirring is continued for another 5 minutes.

A drop of the resulting colorful composition is transferred with a glass rod to horizontal surface glass plate. The plate is then placed in vertical position and fix.

After that, using a metal ruler, measure the length of the drip L.1 cm. The mortar with the paint composition is placed in an uncharged desiccator and stored for 6 hours. After the specified time, the sample is taken from the desiccator, mixed, and the flow length l 1 of the paint composition is re-measured. The test result is considered positive if l 1 = l 2.

3.7. The determination of the hiding power of the paint is carried out according to GOST8784-75; the calculation of the spreading rate is performed by pop. 15g.

3.8. Determination of chalking strength

Tests are carried out in accordance with GOST 16976-71 after 24 hours from the moment the paint is applied to wet writing paper with the following change: instead of developed and fixed photographic paper, when determining the chalking strength, black carbon paper is used for light tones of paint, red for dark ones.

3.9. The determination of the viscosity of the paint is carried out according to GOST 8420-74.

4. PACKAGING, LABELING, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

4.1. Polymer-cement paint is supplied as a set in a two-pack package: a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion separately.

4.2. The dry pigment part is packed into paper bags according to GOST 2226-75.

4.3. The aqueous polymer dispersion is packed in steel barrels according to GOST 5044-79 or flasks according to GOST 5799-78.

4.4. A set of polymer cement paint is accompanied by instructions for the preparation and use of paint and a passport, which indicates:

name and address of the manufacturer;

product name and color;

batch weight;

lot number;

date of manufacture;

designation of this standard.

4.5. Paper bags, steel barrels, cans or flasks are marked in accordance with clause 4.4.

Designations are applied to steel barrels using a stencil with indelible paint.

A tag is attached to paper bags, flasks, cans, a stencil is applied or a label is applied.

The inscriptions on labels and tags must be made with indelible ink.

4.6. The paint set is stored in dry closed premises at a temperature not lower than +5°С and not higher than +40°С at relative humidity air no more than 70%.

5. SUPPLIER WARRANTY

5.1. The supplier shall ensure that polymer-cement paints comply with the requirements of this standard.

5.2. If the aqueous dispersion of the polymer separates, but remains homogeneous during mixing, the dispersion is considered suitable.

5.3. Warranty period storage of the dry pigment part and aqueous polymer dispersion is 6 months from the date of their manufacture.

After the specified shelf life, the components of the paint and the paint itself are tested for compliance with the requirements of Sec. 1 and subject to these requirements, the paint can be used for its intended purpose.

GOST 19279-73

UDC 667.633(083.74) Group L18

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Polymer paints

Introduction date 1975-01-01

APPROVED AND INTRODUCED Decree State Committee Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction of December 12, 1973 No. 231

RE-ISSUE. September 1988

Paints are intended for exterior and interior decoration of buildings on concrete, aerated concrete, brick, asbestos-cement and plastered surfaces and fiberboards, as well as for finishing reinforced concrete panels in the factory.

Paints are applied at a temperature not lower than plus 2°C.

1. Technical requirements

To obtain colored paints, mineral pigments or organic dyes are added that meet the requirements of current standards or specifications.

1.2. The dry pigment part of the paints must meet the requirements specified in Table 1.

Table 1

Name of indicator

Humidity, %, no more

Grinding fineness - the rest of the particles on the sieve after wet sieving,%, on the grid:

No. 02, no more

No. 0071, not less than

1.4. The aqueous dispersion of the polymer must be stable and, when mixed with the dry pigment part, resistant to coagulation.

1.5. Paints must be manufactured according to the recipe and technology approved in the prescribed manner.

1.6. Ready-to-use paint is obtained on site by mixing the dry pigment part with an aqueous polymer dispersion diluted to 15% concentration.

1.7. Paints are produced in white, light yellow yellow, beige-pink, terracotta, light green, light blue and light gray.

By agreement with the consumer, the release of paints of other colors is allowed.

1.8. Paint ready for use must meet the requirements specified in Table 2.

table 2

Name of indicator

Must conform to an approved reference within the color fork

Viability, h, not less

Covering capacity, g/m2, no more

Chalk resistance

No chalking

VZ-4 funnel viscosity, s

2. Acceptance rules

2.1. Polymer-cement paints must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control department in batches.

2.2. The amount of dry pigment part of the same color, completed with an aqueous dispersion of the polymer, is taken as a batch, not exceeding the daily output of the enterprise.

The batch includes a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion in a ratio of 1:0.3 by weight.

The paints are supplied as a set in a two-pack (separately the dry pigment part and the water dispersion of the polymer).

The samples taken from the batch are thoroughly mixed, quartered and divided into two equal parts.

One of these parts is subjected to tests according to the indicators provided in Sec. 1, the other is stored for one month, in a dry room, in a dry, tightly closed container in case of retesting.

2.4. A paint sample in an amount of 1% from each batch is taken using a glass tube, a special sampler or a wooden paddle from the top, middle and bottom of the container. Before taking a sample, the paint is thoroughly mixed and tested according to the indicators provided for in Section 1.

2.5. The quality of the dry pigment part, the stability of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer and the ready-to-use paint of the same color are checked once per shift.

If the results of the re-inspection do not meet the requirements of the standard, then the entire lot is not subject to acceptance.

3. Test methods

3.1. The manufacturer and the user conduct a quality control check of the dry pigment part and paint for compliance with the requirements of this standard, using the test methods indicated below.

3.2. Determination of the moisture content of the dry pigment part

3.2.1. Equipment, utensils

Analytical balance and weight.

Drying cabinet.

3.2.2. Conducting a test

A portion of the dry pigment part, about 1 g, is placed in a pre-dried and weighed bottle and dried at a temperature of 105°C in an oven to constant weight.

Humidity (W) of the dry part in percent is calculated by the formula

where m1 is the weight of the dry pigment part in g;

m2 weight of the dry pigment part after drying in the city of

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the results of three determinations.

3.3. Determination of fineness of grinding dry pigment part

3.3.1. Equipment, utensils

Sieve No. 020.

Sieve No. 0071.

Scales technical with an accuracy of 0.01 g with weight.

Drying cabinet.

Porcelain cup.

Watch glass.

Drinking water according to GOST 2874-82.

3.3.2. Conducting a test

About 10 g of the dry pigment portion is mixed in a porcelain cup with 250 ml of water. The residue is triturated on the bottom of the dish with light finger pressure to crush lumps, and at the same time the suspension is decanted several times through a sieve (no. 020 or 0071), previously moistened with water, using a soft brush. The water is changed several times, repeating this operation until there are no traces of the dry pigment part in the cup.

The residue on the sieve is kept at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which it is dried in an oven at a temperature of 100-105 °C.

After drying, the rest of the dry pigment part is transferred to a watch glass with a soft brush and weighed.

The sieve residue (Z) as a percentage is determined by the formula

where g1 is the weight of the dry pigment part in g;

g2 - the rest of the dry pigment part in g that did not pass through the sieve.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the three determinations.

3.4. Determination of the stability of an aqueous polymer dispersion

The essence of the method is to determine the stability of an aqueous dispersion against coagulation when mixed with a dry pigment part.

3.4.1. Equipment, utensils

Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.

A glass plate measuring 10x10 cm.

The test tube is glass.

Glass stick.

3.4.2. Conducting a test

About 10 g of the dry pigment part is weighed on a technical scale and transferred to a porcelain mortar.

The test result is considered positive if, when the dry pigment part is mixed with an aqueous polymer dispersion and the sample is transferred to a glass plate, there are no lumps or grains in it.

3.5. The determination of the conformity of the paint color to the approved standard is carried out according to GOST 16873-78.

3.6. Paint pot life determination

The essence of the method is to determine the change in the mobility of the paint during a given time.

3.6.1. Equipment, utensils, materials

Scales technical with weight.

Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.

Mortar with pestle according to GOST 9147-80.

Glass stick.

Beaker according to GOST 1770-74.

Glass plate 30x25 cm.

Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

3.6.2. Conducting a test

A drop of the resulting ink composition is transferred with a glass rod to the horizontal surface of a glass plate. Then the plate is placed in a vertical position and fixed.

After that, using a metal ruler, measure the length of the drip l1 in cm. The mortar with the paint composition is placed in an uncharged desiccator and stored for 6 hours.

The test result is considered positive if l1=l2.

3.7. The determination of the hiding power of the paint is carried out according to GOST 8784-75; the calculation of the spreading rate is carried out according to clause 15d.

3.8. Determination of chalking strength

Tests are carried out according to GOST 16976-71 after 24 hours from the moment the paint is applied to wet writing paper with the following change: instead of developed and fixed photographic paper, when determining the chalking strength, black carbon paper is used for light tones of paint, red for dark ones.

3.9. The determination of the viscosity of the paint is carried out according to GOST 8420-74.

4. Packing, marking, transportation and storage

4.1. Polymer-cement paint is supplied as a set in a two-pack package: a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion separately.

The dry pigment part is packed into paper bags according to GOST 2226-75.

4.3. The aqueous polymer dispersion is packed in steel drums according to GOST 5044-79 or flasks according to GOST 5799-78.

4.4. A set of polymer cement paint is accompanied by instructions for the preparation and use of paint and a passport, which indicates:

name and address of the manufacturer;

product name and color;

batch weight;

lot number;

date of manufacture;

designation of this standard.

4.5. Paper bags, steel barrels, cans or flasks are marked according to clause 4.4.

Designations are applied to steel barrels using a stencil with indelible paint.

A tag is attached to paper bags, flasks, cans, a stencil is applied or a label is applied.

The inscriptions on labels and tags must be made with indelible ink.

4.6. The paint set is stored in dry closed premises at a temperature not lower than +5°С and not higher than +40°С at a relative air humidity of not more than 70%.

5. Supplier warranties

5.1. The supplier shall ensure that polymer cement paints comply with the requirements of this standard.

5.2. If the aqueous dispersion of the polymer separates, but remains homogeneous during mixing, the dispersion is considered suitable.

5.3. The guaranteed shelf life of the dry pigment part and aqueous polymer dispersion is 6 months from the date of their manufacture.

After the specified storage period, the components of the paint and the paint itself are tested for compliance with the requirements of Section 1, and if these requirements are met, the paint can be used for its intended purpose.

Paints and enamels - basic top coats paints and varnishes. They are designed to obtain the top layer of the coating, which, on the one hand, gives the product a decorative effect, and, on the other hand, resistance to external factors.
It should be borne in mind that the terms "paint" and "enamel" are quite close, but not identical.

Dye

Paint is a suspension of pigments or their mixtures with fillers in drying oil, oil, emulsion, latex or other binder, which forms an opaque colored uniform film after drying.
The properties of paints, given the variety of film formers included in their composition, are very different. They are used to protect surfaces and products operated in the most different conditions, however, unlike enamels, they form coatings with less decorative effect.
In everyday life, water-borne (lime, glue, cement, polymer cement, water-dispersion, etc.), oil and alkyd paints are used for painting.

Lime paints are prepared before starting work from slaked or quicklime with the addition of alum or table salt, drying oil and alkali-resistant pigments. Bring to paint density with water.
Used for interior and exterior painting on brick, plaster, stone, concrete. Do not use these compositions for painting on metal.

For the preparation of lime paints, only alkali-resistant pigments should be used. So that the lime does not "shovel", table salt is introduced; while the surface remains wet during the curing of the paint layer.
It is also recommended to moisten the surface before painting.

Lime for the painting composition is used in the form of a dough. Prepare it as follows. Boiled lime (lump lime) or fluff lime (powdered lime) is poured with water (quenched) at the rate of 3-4 kg of water per 1 kg of boiled lime or 2 kg of water per 1 kg of fluff lime. The solution should stand for 20-30 minutes. Slaked lime is filtered through a sieve and diluted with water to the desired consistency. This results in a composition white color - milk of lime. For complete extinction, it is kept for a certain time.
After evaporation of part of the water during storage slaked lime turns into lime paste. For the preparation of lime paint compositions, it must be kept for at least a month.

Paint is prepared like this. The lime dough is diluted in 1.5-2 liters of water, the pigment paste dissolved in water is added to it and, adding water, the composition is adjusted to the desired density.
It is not recommended to add dry pigments to the composition, since they do not always mix well, and the remaining small grains, rubbing under the brush, leave colored stripes on the surface. Therefore, the pigments should first be diluted with water to the consistency of sour cream, stand for a day, then mix thoroughly and strain through a fine sieve. You will get a pigment paste that can be added to paint formulations.

To choose the right color, apply pigment pastes of two or three colors.
The color of the color is determined by painting on the glass. A composition is applied to it with a brush and dried over an electric or gas stove. The color is determined after the composition dries.
When diluted, lime is added, when adjusting the color, a diluted pigment paste is added.

The density of the lime compositions is determined by the staining of the planed stick. If the composition loosely covers the surface of the stick, and gaps form in some places, chalk or chalk paste should be added to it, and if it is too thick, water.

Lime paint compositions for outdoor work, prepared from boiled lime, make it possible to obtain durable coatings. In some cases, instead of table salt, they introduce into the composition natural drying oil or vegetable oil (5 - 10% by weight of boiled lime), which significantly increases the hiding power of the paint.
For coloring, it is better to choose a cloudy calm day. It is not recommended to work with lime paints in hot weather, they should be applied during rain and when negative temperatures air.

When preparing lime paints, pigments should not be abused, since compositions with great content pigments give fragile coatings. For lime painting, it is recommended to use compositions of less saturated tones.
Priming is recommended to be carried out with brushes in order to better rub the paint into the pores of the surfaces. When priming, the brush is carried in a horizontal direction, while painting - in a vertical direction.

Adhesive paints are also prepared immediately before staining.
They are used for interior decoration.
Prepare the coloring composition as follows. Sifted chalk is poured into a vessel and filled with water (40% by weight of dry chalk) so that it only covers the chalk. Then the pigment pre-soaked in water is added and mixed. The pigment is introduced gradually.
Having picked up the desired color, add a 20% glue solution to the desired consistency. The thickness of the paint is considered sufficient if it completely covers the planed stick lowered into it and flows off it in an even stream. If gaps form on the stick, chalk and pigments must be added to the paint.

When dyed in bright hues instead of wood glue, it is recommended to use flour paste.
Glue paint is first applied warm: at the same time, it comes off the brush better. The second layer is applied at a lower temperature.

The formulation of the compositions for glue coloring(in kg):

cement paints- mixtures of white Portland cement with alkali-resistant pigments and additives of lime, calcium chloride, which improve the setting of the paint, its elasticity, adhesion and water repellency(calcium stearate is added for this).
Cement paints are weatherproof, they are used for exterior painting of stone, brick, concrete, plaster and other porous surfaces. With a large surface porosity, 1% carboxymethylcellulose must be added to the composition.

In addition to water-borne paint compositions prepared on site, they are also used for surface finishing. ready-made forms paints produced by the industry: water-borne silicate, polymer cement, water-dispersion paints.

Silicate paints of grades A and B are a suspension of alkali-resistant pigments and fillers (chalk, talc), silicate agents - dry zinc white (A) and calcium borate (B) - in an aqueous solution liquid glass density not less than 1.3 g/cm3.
They give a strong, weather-resistant film with good adhesion.
Designed for painting brick, concrete, plastered, as a rule, external and less often internal surfaces.
Well protect wood from fire.

Polymer paints is a suspension of pigments and fillers (white Portland cement, ground lime, pigments) in an aqueous polymer dispersion (PVA or latex) of 15% concentration.
They give a quick-drying, waterproof film with good adhesion. They are used for painting concrete, brick, asbestos-cement and plastered exterior surfaces, reinforced concrete panels and wood fiber boards.

Water dispersion (water emulsion) paints occupy one of the leading places among paints and varnishes and confidently compete with oil paints.
The basis of water-dispersion paints are dispersions of polyvinyl acetate (PVA), a copolymer of butadiene (or acrylates) with styrene.
It should be borne in mind that earlier these paints were called "emulsion" and their marking began with the letter E (paints E-VA-17, E-VA-27, etc.). More than correct name- "water-dispersion". Naturally, instead of the letter E on the label, there is VD: VD-VA-129, VD-VA-17, VD-KCh-183, VD-AK-111, etc.

Water-dispersion paints are produced for exterior and internal works and for all surfaces. They dry quickly, give a pleasant matte film with good performance properties; when working with them, water is released into the air, sometimes a small amount of solvents, that is, they pollute less environment and are not harmful to health.
Accidental drops of paint are easily removed with a damp cloth, the tool is washed with warm water.

Water-based paints can be applied to wet surface, while oil - only dry. During operation, the coating with water-dispersion paints is vapor-permeable, that is, it “breathes”. An important property of these paints is their incombustibility. However, water-dispersion paints are characterized by low frost resistance, and in everyday life you should not stock them up in the fall and store them in an unheated room.
The second disadvantage is the reduced water and weather resistance compared to other paints, so they are not recommended for rooms with high humidity.

Before painting, the surfaces are cleaned of dust and other contaminants, if necessary putty, primed.
Paint with a brush, roller or spray gun. Stir the paint thoroughly before application. Dilute with water.
For highlighting paints, you can use only special color pastes or gouache. The introduction of dry pigments and fillers or mixing with paints on a different basis is not allowed.

Surfaces treated with glue, vitriol or alum primers cannot be painted with water-dispersion paints, since such a coating will lag behind the glue primer after 2-3 hours, and when applied over a vitriol or alum primer, it will become spotty. Adhesive deposits must be carefully cleaned with scrapers, rinse the surface with 40% soda solution and after the usual preparation to paint.
Painting with water-dispersion paints can be carried out at a temperature not lower than 5°C.
On average, the consumption of water-dispersion paints per 1 m2 of the painted surface (in 2 layers) is 200 - 300 g. The paints dry within an hour, after which the next layer can be applied.

Oil and alkyd paints- These are frayed mixtures of pigments, fillers and drying oils. Produced thick and ready to use.
Thickened paints differ from ready-to-use paints in consistency and are pastes. Before dyeing, they are diluted to working viscosity with natural or semi-natural drying oil.
Thick oil and alkyd paints are made on both natural and alkyd (glyph-tal or pentaphthalic) drying oils. Paints ground on alkyd drying oils are called alkyd.
Ready-to-use oil and alkyd paints are obtained by diluting thickly grated paints with drying oil with the introduction of a desiccant and additives (or without them). Use ready-made paints for finishing works, as well as for painting metal and wooden surfaces.

The industry produces ready-to-use oil and alkyd paints of various grades. Let's name some of them.

White zinc for work:
external MA-15(15N), GF-13(13N), PF-14Ch14N);
internal MA-22 (22N). They are a paste consisting of dry zinc white with filler, rubbed on drying oil or vegetable oil with or without additives. They are used for painting on metal, wood and plaster outside and inside the room.

Lithoponic whitewash for interior work MA-21(21N), MA-25(25N), MA-22(22N). They are a paste consisting of dry lithoponic white or their mixture with filler, rubbed on drying oil with or without additives. Designed for painting various internal surfaces operated in normal temperature conditions and in non-aggressive environments.

Colored paints for work:
outdoor MA-11, MA-16. GF-13;
internal MA-21 (22.15), KS-29 (29K).

Minium iron, mummy, ocher for outdoor use MA-11 (15), GF-13, PF-14.

If necessary, oil and alkyd paints are diluted with drying oil, turpentine, white spirit - up to 3%. Introduction a large number solvent reduces gloss, increases porosity and impairs the protective properties of the coating.

Enamel

Enamels are suspensions of pigments or their mixtures with fillers in varnishes, which form, after drying, an opaque solid film with various textures (glossy, matte, moiré, etc.) and decorative effect.
By physical and mechanical characteristics films (hardness, elasticity) and protective properties enamels are superior to oil and water-based paints.
Enamels are made on the basis of perchlorovinyl, polyvinyl chloride, nitrocellulose and other resins. Enamels dry (harden) quickly, as the solvent evaporates, therefore they are called volatile resins.

In addition to enamels (volatile resin paints), enamel paints are produced, consisting of pigments ground with synthetic or oil varnishes. They are alkyd, epoxy, urea-formaldehyde, etc.
Dry relatively slowly (24 hours or more). They are released, like enamels, ready for use.

Enamels and enamel paints are used for exterior and interior work on metal, wood and plaster. They are light fast, unaffected by the environment, give a smooth, smooth, durable glossy or matte film.
Since films of enamels and enamel paints appearance are the same (similar to fused), they are called enamels for short.

Enamels are applied with a brush, roller or paint sprayer on a dry surface thoroughly cleaned of dust, old peeling paint and grease. With new color wooden surfaces it is recommended to prime and apply enamel in 2 layers. When re-painting, depending on the condition of the surface, 1 or 2 layers are applied.
All enamels for interior work dry within a day. If necessary, the enamels are diluted with the solvent indicated on the label. To speed up drying, you can add 2-3% desiccant.

Mainly used for interior work. alkyd enamels PF-223, PF-1217 VE, GF-230, etc.
Dilute them with white spirit or PC-2 solvent. These enamels go on sale most often in white.
If necessary, you can prepare enamel desired color by adding a small amount of tinting paste, oil paint or other enamel based on condensation resins of the corresponding color.

Almost all enamels can be used to paint surfaces previously covered with oil paints and enamels. The exception is NTs-25 and NTs-132 nitroenamels. They can be used for painting wooden surfaces.
It is not allowed to apply nitro enamels on surfaces previously painted with oil paints and enamels.
When working with enamels, one should be aware of their high toxicity and fire hazard.

Concluding the chapter on paints and enamels, we recall that it is unacceptable to mix paints and varnishes of different nature, otherwise they may irreversibly deteriorate, "curl". If this is still necessary for some reason, then materials that are used indoors, belonging to the same type (for example, alkyd), in exceptional cases, can be mixed by fulfilling the following requirement.
First you need to conduct an experiment with small amounts of materials: after making test paints, check their compatibility and the quality of the resulting coating.
It is also important to monitor the state of the mixed material over time: after all, coagulation may not occur immediately, but after several hours or days.

GOST 19279-73
Group L18

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

POLYMER CEMENT PAINTS
Polymer-cement paints

Introduction date 1975-01-01

APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on Construction Affairs dated December 12, 1973 No. 231
REPUBLICATION. September 1988

This standard applies to polymer cement paints, which are a suspension of the dry pigment part, consisting of white Portland cement, building ground lime, light-resistant, alkali-resistant pigments and fillers in an aqueous polymer dispersion - a plasticized polyvinyl acetate emulsion or cement-resistant synthetic latexes.
Paints are intended for exterior and interior decoration of buildings on concrete, aerated concrete, brick, asbestos-cement and plastered surfaces and fiberboards, as well as for finishing reinforced concrete panels in the factory.
Paints are applied at a temperature not lower than plus 2°C.

1. Technical requirements

To obtain colored paints, mineral pigments or organic dyes are added that meet the requirements of current standards or specifications.

1.2. The dry pigment part of the paints must meet the requirements specified in Table 1.

Table 1

1.4. The aqueous dispersion of the polymer must be stable and, when mixed with the dry pigment part, resistant to coagulation.

1.5. Paints must be manufactured according to the recipe and technology approved in the prescribed manner.

1.6. Ready-to-use paint is obtained on site by mixing the dry pigment part with an aqueous polymer dispersion diluted to 15% concentration.

1.7. Paints are produced in white, light yellow yellow, beige-pink, terracotta, light green, light blue and light gray.
By agreement with the consumer, the release of paints of other colors is allowed.

1.8. Paint ready for use must meet the requirements specified in Table 2.

table 2

2. Acceptance rules

2.1. Polymer-cement paints must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control department in batches.

2.2. The amount of dry pigment part of the same color, completed with an aqueous dispersion of the polymer, is taken as a batch, not exceeding the daily output of the enterprise.
The batch includes a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion in a ratio of 1:0.3 by weight.
The paints are supplied as a set in a two-pack (separately the dry pigment part and the water dispersion of the polymer).

2.3. A sample of the dry pigment part in the amount of 1% from each batch is taken with a metal probe from the top, from the middle and from the bottom of the bag, each time removing the lower layer 10-15 cm high from the probe.
The samples taken from the batch are thoroughly mixed, quartered and divided into two equal parts.
One of these parts is subjected to tests according to the indicators provided in Sec. 1, the other is stored for one month, in a dry room, in a dry, tightly closed container in case of retesting.

2.4. A paint sample in an amount of 1% from each batch is taken using a glass tube, a special sampler or a wooden paddle from the top, middle and bottom of the container. Before taking a sample, the paint is thoroughly mixed and tested according to the indicators provided for in Section 1.

2.5. The quality of the dry pigment part, the stability of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer and the ready-to-use paint of the same color are checked once per shift.

2.6. If unsatisfactory test results are obtained for at least one of the indicators, a second test is carried out for this indicator, for which a double amount of the dry pigment part or paint is taken.
If the results of the re-inspection do not meet the requirements of the standard, then the entire lot is not subject to acceptance.

3. Test methods

3.1. The manufacturer and the user conduct a quality control check of the dry pigment part and paint for compliance with the requirements of this standard, using the test methods indicated below.

3.2. Determination of the moisture content of the dry pigment part

3.2.1. Equipment, utensils
Analytical balance and weight.
Drying cabinet.
Bux.

3.2.2. Conducting a test
A portion of the dry pigment part, about 1 g, is placed in a pre-dried and weighed bottle and dried at a temperature of 105°C in an oven to constant weight.
Humidity () of the dry part as a percentage is calculated by the formula

A weight of the dry pigment part after drying in the city of

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the results of three determinations.

3.3. Determination of fineness of grinding dry pigment part

3.3.1. Equipment, utensils
Sieve No. 020.
Sieve No. 0071.
Scales technical with an accuracy of 0.01 g with weight.
Drying cabinet.
Porcelain cup.
Watch glass.
Drinking water according to GOST 2874-82.

3.3.2. Conducting a test
About 10 g of the dry pigment portion is mixed in a porcelain cup with 250 ml of water. The residue is triturated on the bottom of the dish with light finger pressure to crush lumps, and at the same time the suspension is decanted several times through a sieve (no. 020 or 0071), previously moistened with water, using a soft brush. The water is changed several times, repeating this operation until there are no traces of the dry pigment part in the cup.
The residue on the sieve is kept at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which it is dried in an oven at a temperature of 100-105 °C.
After drying, the rest of the dry pigment part is transferred to a watch glass with a soft brush and weighed.
The residue on the sieve () in percent is determined by the formula

where is the weight of the dry pigment part in g;

The rest of the dry pigment part in g that did not pass through the sieve.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the three determinations.

3.4. Determination of the stability of an aqueous polymer dispersion
The essence of the method is to determine the stability of an aqueous dispersion against coagulation when mixed with a dry pigment part.

3.4.1. Equipment, utensils

Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.

A glass plate measuring 10x10 cm.
The test tube is glass.
Glass stick.

3.4.2. Conducting a test
About 10 g of the dry pigment part is weighed on a technical scale and transferred to a porcelain mortar.
Then, 10 g diluted (with water) aqueous polymer dispersion (polyvinyl acetate emulsion 2.7 times, cement-resistant synthetic latexes 1.7 times by volume) is added to the mortar with constant stirring, after which stirring is continued for 2 minutes.
The test result is considered positive if, when the dry pigment part is mixed with an aqueous polymer dispersion and the sample is transferred to a glass plate, there are no lumps or grains in it.

3.5. The determination of the conformity of the paint color to the approved standard is carried out according to GOST 16873-78.

3.6. Paint pot life determination
The essence of the method is to determine the change in the mobility of the paint during a given time.

3.6.1. Equipment, utensils, materials
Scales technical with weight.
Stopwatch according to GOST 5072-79.
Mortar with pestle according to GOST 9147-80.
Glass stick.
Beaker according to GOST 1770-74.
Glass plate 30x25 cm.
Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.
Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.
Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

3.6.2. Conducting a test
The composition of the paint paint consistency (21 with VZ-4) in the amount of 10 g is obtained by mixing the dry pigment part with an aqueous dispersion of the polymer. The mixture is ground in a porcelain mortar until the powder is completely wetted, after which stirring is continued for another 5 minutes.
A drop of the resulting ink composition is transferred with a glass rod to the horizontal surface of a glass plate. Then the plate is placed in a vertical position and fixed.
After that, using a metal ruler, measure the length of the drip in cm. The mortar with the paint composition is placed in an uncharged desiccator and stored for 6 hours. After the specified time, the sample is taken from the desiccator, mixed, and the length of the paint drip is measured again.
The test result is considered positive if =.

3.7. The determination of the hiding power of the paint is carried out according to GOST 8784-75; the calculation of the spreading rate is carried out according to clause 15d.

3.8. Determination of chalking strength
Tests are carried out according to GOST 16976-71 after 24 hours from the moment the paint is applied to wet writing paper with the following change: instead of developed and fixed photographic paper, when determining the chalking strength, black carbon paper is used for light tones of paint, red for dark ones.

3.9. The determination of the viscosity of the paint is carried out according to GOST 8420-74.

4. Packing, marking, transportation and storage

4.1. Polymer-cement paint is supplied as a set in a two-pack package: a dry pigment part and an aqueous polymer dispersion separately.
The dry pigment part is packed into paper bags according to GOST 2226-75.

4.3. The aqueous polymer dispersion is packed in steel drums according to GOST 5044-79 or flasks according to GOST 5799-78.

4.4. A set of polymer cement paint is accompanied by instructions for the preparation and use of paint and a passport, which indicates:
name and address of the manufacturer;
product name and color;
batch weight;
lot number;
date of manufacture;
designation of this standard.

4.5. Paper bags, steel barrels, cans or flasks are marked according to clause 4.4.
Designations are applied to steel barrels using a stencil with indelible paint.
A tag is attached to paper bags, flasks, cans, a stencil is applied or a label is applied.
The inscriptions on labels and tags must be made with indelible ink.

4.6. The paint set is stored in dry closed premises at a temperature not lower than +5°С and not higher than +40°С at a relative air humidity of not more than 70%.

5. Supplier warranties

5.1. The supplier shall ensure that polymer cement paints comply with the requirements of this standard.

5.2. If the aqueous dispersion of the polymer separates, but remains homogeneous during mixing, the dispersion is considered suitable.

5.3. The guaranteed shelf life of the dry pigment part and aqueous polymer dispersion is 6 months from the date of their manufacture.
After the specified storage period, the components of the paint and the paint itself are tested for compliance with the requirements of Section 1, and if these requirements are met, the paint can be used for its intended purpose.

ROSSTANDARD FA for technical regulation and metrology
NEW NATIONAL STANDARDS: www.protect.gost.ru
FSUE STANDARTINFORM provision of information from the database "Products of Russia": www.gostinfo.ru
FA FOR TECHNICAL REGULATION"Dangerous goods" system: www.sinatra-gost.ru

Categories

Popular