Viscosity of water-based paint. Water-based paint - technical characteristics and secrets of the formula! How coatings are formed based on aqueous dispersions

Now water-based paints are gaining popularity. This is due to their practicality and low cost. In addition, it is easily applied to the cleaned surface, so even a beginner can use it. The material does not have bad smell, like others, so it can be used quite calmly for holding internal works. Its use will not cause any discomfort. From this article you can find out what types of water-based paint are, and what are the characteristics of each.

Advantages and technical characteristics of water-based paints

The composition of the water emulsion includes components such as latex, antiseptic, fillers and thickeners. Material consumption is not too large and is 250 grams per 1 square meter. Sometimes it may be necessary to apply several layers. Their number depends on how the surface has a predisposition to absorption.

Viscosity varies depending on the way the product is applied to the surface. If water-based paint is applied to the surface with a brush, then its viscosity is 40-45, but if a spray gun is used for work, then this indicator varies between 20 and 25.

The coating dries within 20 hours, but sometimes this figure may be less. Keep a jar of water emulsion away from sunlight in a cool place.

Water-based paint has become highly demanded due to the following qualities:

• No unpleasant chemical smell when painting;
• Quick and easy application;
• Low price;
• Long period of operation without the formation of cracks and flaking;
• The ability to create any color with the help of color.

But all these qualities are available only for the material that meets the requirements of GOST.

The main types of water-based paints

Since they contain a variety of polymers, it is possible to divide all water-based paints into several types:

• polyvinyl acetate;
• silicate;
• acrylic;
• Silicone.

Consumers, in view of such a huge variety, have a fair question about the choice. Further, all these types will be considered in terms of application and the presence of shortcomings.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is perfect for all interior work, whether painting walls or ceilings. The basis for it is PVA.

The main advantages of this type are:

1. The absence of components harmful to human health, complete explosion and fire safety.
2. Used for painting porous surfaces.
3. Relatively low cost.
4. Fast drying.
5. When adding special substances gives a glossy or matte effect.
6. This type is the best water-based paint for wood.

Along with a lot of advantages, there are disadvantages that can be identified if used incorrectly:

• Weak resistance, so the possibility of painting it is considered only in dry rooms.
• Susceptibility to moisture, as a result of which, finishing with such paint is possible only inside the house.

Important! It is impossible to decorate metal surfaces with PVA paint.

Its consumption depends on the shade: light will need 250 grams per 1 sq. m, and dark 150 grams for the same area.

Produced this species finishing material according to GOST, but it is also possible to voluntarily certify the material, but only in accordance with the existing GOST. In any case, the manufacturer must have a certificate for water-based paint of this type.

Silicate water-based paint

This type is a solution of liquid glass with all kinds of additives. It is suitable for both indoor and outdoor work. The silicate water emulsion is resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, has a long operational life without constant updates.

This species is mainly used for coloring wet rooms inside the house, as well as the facades of buildings that are affected ground water. The coating is breathable with high vapor and air permeability.

Acrylic water-based paint

This type of water emulsion occupies a leading position in the construction market, since its constituent acrylic resins have a number of advantages. But acrylic paint is noticeably more expensive than all other types.

Features of water-based acrylic paint:

1. It is used for painting walls and ceilings and all related interior work.
2. Indispensable for painting the facades of buildings made of concrete and brick.
3. Suitable for plastered walls. But such work must be carried out a month after finishing work with plaster, so that the surface has time to harden.
4. Protects reinforced concrete against corrosion due to low gas permeability.
5. Not suitable for painting wet surfaces premises.

Now they also produce similar in quality, but noticeably cheap analogues: styrene-acrylic, vinyl-acrylic and acryl-silicon solutions. A small visual preview of the material can be viewed at the link:

Washable paint based on latex or silicone

This type is perfect for any wet room or where constant wet cleaning using sponges and brushes. This coating is resistant to regular brushing, which is possible due to the use of latex in the production.

Latex water-based paint is the most expensive among water-based paints due to its water-repellent properties, but at the same time good vapor permeability. In addition, such compositions are able to bridge small cracks on the surface, which can preclude preliminary alignment.

Silicone also has similar properties to latex, due to the presence of silicone in the composition. Such paints are actively fighting the fungus, which often appears in wet rooms, and prevent its reappearance.

Separately, one can single out another type of water-based paint, which is gradually becoming less and less popular - these are mineral ones. They include cement or slaked lime. The main purpose of such compositions is the painting of concrete and brick surfaces. Main disadvantage this type of water-based paints - relatively short term services.

Criteria for choosing water-based paints

Since in the manufacture of water-based paints it is not necessary to use complex mechanisms and rare substances, many manufacturers appear who, taking advantage of the ease of production, produce not quality products. The main rule when choosing this product is the manufacturer, who is already engaged in the production long time. Tex water-based paint is very popular, it has received a lot positive feedback from repair masters and just those who are engaged in finishing repairs on their own. Such products have a certificate of conformity with GOST.

Be sure to have a mark on the bank that the material complies with GOST. This is an indication that this finishing material is not a fake and its production was carried out under strict control.

The choice of material for a certain type of work occurs according to the marking on the container. First, the can is abbreviated as water-dispersed (VD), after these letters comes the designation of the polymer that is in the composition, and the number after it just indicates the purpose of the product:

1. External works;
2. Internal work.

Among the variety of finishing materials in the construction market, you can get confused. But, if you have chosen water-based paint, then after reading this article, you can learn about its types and scope of work for which this or that type is intended. Water based paint- this is a great solution for both outdoor and indoor work. It is only necessary to choose its type correctly, having carefully studied the composition and the information that is indicated on the package.

Water-based paint for outdoor use is not so often used, but when interior decoration premises, it is used most often. Water-based paint GOST 19214 80 guarantees the quality of the material. Today we will talk about her. There are options when it is not replaceable, but there are cases where it should not be used.

The characteristics of this dye should be chosen not only by color, but also pay attention to the methods of application, since there are different types water based paints.

Also, your attention will be presented with photos and videos, where you can get additional and necessary information.

This material has a number of advantages:

• Can be applied by hand. It is available in different packaging, for example, water-based paint in cans can make it easier to paint small surfaces.
• Acceptable price also attracts the consumer.
• Excellent the ability to hide dark areas on the wall surface we pass with one roller or one spray gun jet;
• The coloring composition of the material has properties that allow quite dry quickly after application;
• Simultaneously, water emulsion is not too liquid and easy to apply to the surface;
• Walls painted with water-based paint in any way are completely covered with a coloring composition, without smudges and traces of brushes and rollers;
• The paint has no particular odor. which distinguishes it from oil formulations, the smell of which lasts for two weeks;
• When painting with a water-based emulsion does not cause harm to health, does not require respiratory protection. Therefore, after completing the work, there is no need to urgently leave the premises;
• With special colors you can get any color of paint by adding them to a colorless composition (see). There is a diverse palette of colors for water emulsion, which allows you to independently create the desired color and shade. Each manufacturer provides its own table displaying shade options;
• Water-based paint for outdoor use is very easy and simple to use, and at the end of work, coloring accessories (brushes (see) and rollers) can be easily washed in plain water.

Attention: If you have problems removing this dye, then in retail there is even a wash for water-based paint, which will help to wash everything off quickly enough.

Disadvantages of water-based dyes

The water emulsion has practically no drawbacks.

But they are still there:

• The paint has a fairly high water content. Therefore, it should not be used for painting metal and glossy objects;
• It is also quite simple to make it yourself and therefore a lot of fakes have appeared. Such a dye is smeared after drying and exfoliates. Therefore, it is better to give preference to trusted brands.

During repair work indoors, walls and ceilings often need to be painted (see). In addition, facade painting works are in demand today.

So:

• The composition of the coloring composition includes an aqueous suspension of pigments, polymeric substances and various fillers. Due to the polymers present in the paint, water evaporates quickly and a thin shell is created on the surface. Water-based dyes are distinguished by their use, properties and cost.
• The main types of water-based dye include polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, latex, silicate and silicone. To answer the question of which type of water emulsion is better to use, it is necessary to consider the main types of this coloring matter and its corresponding characteristics.

Properties of polyvinyl acetate water emulsion

Water-based polyvinyl acetate coloring composition is considered one of the cheapest and highest quality. At its core, it contains PVA glue and is used for indoor and outdoor ceilings. The great popularity of paint is caused by its rather low cost.

Advantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based dye:

• It can be used when painting cardboard, wooden, plastered surfaces and other porous materials;
• It is used when painting surfaces in rooms that must comply with high fire safety standards;
• in the composition there are no harmful components, fire and explosion-proof; when using a variety of additives, you can independently create any color and shade, as well as make the coating shiny or matte;
• The cost is much lower than other water-based emulsions;
• Excellent coverage for smooth surfaces walls lined with drywall;
• It has fast time drying.

The disadvantages of polyvinyl acetate water emulsion include:

• Not suitable for coating metal surfaces;
• Afraid of high humidity, therefore not suitable for outdoor work;
• It has rather weak resistant properties, as a result of which it is possible to work with it only in dry rooms.
• Consumption when using a coloring solution is 250 grams of light and 150 grams of dark composition per square meter.

The main properties of water-based acrylic dye

Coloring acrylic composition, containing acrylic resins, is a leader among other water-based emulsions, due to its strength and elasticity. But it is far from cheap.

There are also analogues on sale with a lower price, in their composition the main component is vinyl-acrylic, styrene-acrylic and acryl-silicon acrylic copolymers, but their quality is not inferior to acrylic water-based emulsion with acrylic resins.

The features of acrylic water-based paint include:

• The possibility of using it when covering surfaces indoors; use when painting surfaces on the street, for example, a brick or concrete facade;
• The paint can be applied to a surface treated with an alkali-containing compound (plaster), but only one month after the end of the work, since the plaster hardens for quite a long time;
• The main properties include low gas permeability, good protection concrete mortar from corrosion;
• This type of paint is widespread, and you can buy it at any construction market or in a store;
• it is not recommended to paint structures that have poor waterproofing of the base and damp walls. In this case, a silicone or silicate coloring solution is used.

Washable latex-based emulsion

To create a surface that is not exposed to moisture, it is coated with a composition in which latex is added.

• Such a water-based floor paint fit best way. It is also good to use for finishing the kitchen.
• Such a surface allows you to withstand 5000 brushing cycles, while when painting with conventional paints, wiping should be done infrequently and carefully. Thanks to these properties, it is most beneficial to paint walls in the kitchen and bathroom.
• In addition, having water repellency, the surface covered with paint has good vapor permeability. A water-based emulsion in two layers is able to cover cracks one millimeter wide, and there is no need to pre-putty it. The type of such a water emulsion has the highest cost.
• The main companies producing washing paints are: Expert, Eco House, DALI, Premiere, Alpalux (ALPA).
• silicate water emulsion
• Represents the mix from liquid glass containing additives of color pigments. It can paint any surface. The paint has an excellent degree of adhesion, is not afraid of moisture, sudden changes in temperature and other atmospheric phenomena.

The main features of the silicate coloring composition include:

• Possibility of use when painting the walls of old buildings, as well as when high humidity in room;
• Walls coated with water-based paint have good air and vapor permeability;
• The paint keeps on the surface of the wall for up to twenty years;

Popular manufacturers of water-based paints

A certificate for water-based paint is issued to each manufacturer separately, although there is only one GOST for water-based paint. Currently, a fairly large number of companies are engaged in the production of various dyes.

From the whole variety of manufacturers, several companies can be distinguished, the demand for their products is quite large. And water-based paint GOST 28196 89 defines specifications this coverage.

Attention: How much this dye costs depends on its type and manufacturer. When buying, give preference to trusted brands and this will be a guarantee of quality and durability of the coating.

Self-preparation of water-based paint

In terms of composition, all water emulsions do not have any special differences. They have a viscous base (glue, etc.), fillers, dye and various elements in the form of additives. The type of binder base depends on the area of ​​​​application of the dye.

Oil paints are made on an oil basis, and water-based paints are made on a water basis. Making your own water emulsion is pretty easy.

This will require:

• PVA glue (the main component for viscosity) - from 0.5 to 1 kilogram per ten liters of water;
• Chalk powder (as a filler) - 6 kilograms;
• Plasticizer - 50 grams;
• Dye, to obtain the desired color and shade;
• Non-toxic pigment powder or color for water-based coloring solution.

The cooking process is as follows:

• First you need to dissolve PVA in water, then add a plasticizer and chalk powder to it, and mix to get a homogeneous composition. white color. Then we add dyes.
• The consistency and viscosity are determined by eye. The resulting mixture should evenly cover the surface and not be very thick.
• To obtain plasticity, you can add large quantity glue and plasticizer. Before staining, the solution must be filtered.

Textured water-based paint or non-combustible water-based paint, all of them must be applied according to the technology. And on this occasion, each of them has instructions on our website, so be sure to read it before work.

The well-known decorative water-based paint for interior work (this is the common name for all water-based paints) combines many subspecies, ranging from universal and practical silicone to super-resistant acrylic.

Being the progenitor of unique water-dispersion suspensions, water-based formulations, it would seem, should lose their former popularity. However, even now they are considered one of the most resistant and durable, while having a very affordable price.

Properties, technical characteristics of water-based paint

Water emulsion is a mixture of insoluble polymers, plasticizers and modifiers, fillers, pigment part in an aqueous medium.

Polymers, endowed with the property of not being dissolved in water, move freely in it, and when applied to a plane, they begin to approach each other, which contributes to the formation of a moisture-resistant film.

Types of water-based paint:

1. Silicone, with the main active ingredient in the form of a dispersion of silicone resins;
2. Acrylic, produced using acrylic resins;
3. Silicate, characterized by the presence of liquid glass in an aqueous solution;
4. Mineral, it contains cement or slaked lime.

In addition, the gradation of water-based paints is carried out depending on the scope of application for interior and facade.

Also, emulsions are distinguished:

• glossy;
• matte;
• semi-gloss;
• semi-matte.

Specifications

• density - 1.30–1.68 kg / dm 3;
• hiding power (according to DIN EN 13300) - 2-3 classes;
• wet abrasion resistance (DIN EN 13300) - class 4-class 5;
• water absorption coefficient ≤ 0.5 kg/(m²∙h 0.5);
• degree of grinding - ≤ 30–70 microns;
• pH - 6.8–8.5;
• consumption for 1 layer - 150–300 ml / m 2;
• application temperature - +5/+30 ° С;
• complete drying time - 6 hours.

Decorative water-based paint for interior work: advantages and disadvantages

All emulsion paints, including water-based ones, have water as the main structural component. Accordingly, the compositions are environmentally friendly. They do not emit any toxic substances both during application / drying and during operation, do not contain harmful chemical additives.

Water-based paint

Consider the characteristics of water-based paint. Renovation of premises at all times is difficult to imagine without such material as paint, which must be taken very seriously, since painting is a kind of result of all your construction or repair. We will not delve into antiquity, but only note that relatively recently, material based on acetone, solvents (for enamel paint), drying oil (for oil paints) was used for these purposes. Now more and more often, especially for interior work, they began to use water-based paint: water-dispersion and water-based.

The composition of water-based paint

The composition of water-based paints

The composition of the paint includes small particles of various polymers, water, coloring pigments and various plasticizers, and all solid components do not dissolve in water, but are in suspension. The additives themselves do not contain harmful chemical elements, like solvents, therefore they do not emit unpleasant odors and are not toxic. During the painting process, water evaporates from the treated surface, leaving tiny particles other fractions in the form of a polymer film. The film formers are acrylate, styrene acrylate, styrene butadiene and polyvinyl acetate, which divide the paint into several types:

• acrylic paint containing acrylic resins, which, after drying, create a plastic film resistant to fading, abrasion and cracking.
• Part silicate paint included liquid glass which is dissolved in water. The coating treated with this paint, although it has good air permeability, is poorly protected from moisture.
• silicone paint is a product of acrylic and silicate species by adding to silicate paint silicone resin. In addition to strength, the colored layer well protects the processed material from fungi.
• The presence of latex in the paint makes it possible to frequently wash the surface even with detergents. Such paint is called latex.

The use of water-based paint

The method of painting the ceiling with water-based paint

Before applying the paint, it is necessary to carefully prepare the surface by wiping it from dust, dirt and residues. old paint. If there are irregularities in the form of bumps and depressions on the surface, you need to level it with putty, and then clean it sandpaper. If the paint container has been in the cold, it must be kept in a warm room for a day. In practice, paint consumption is usually 10 - 15% more than indicated in the instructions, so in order not to run to the store again later, you need to take this into account and buy paint with a margin.

Water-based paint interacts well with materials such as fiberboard, chipboard, concrete, and, in addition, it can be applied over an old layer of oil paint. In turn, it is allowed to paint on a layer of water-based paint with any other paint.

Pros and cons of water-based paint

• all types of water-based paints are diluted with water, and therefore there is no toxic component when working with them;
• the coating layer withstands frequent wet cleaning;
• the surface painted with paint allows air to pass through, which allows the walls and ceiling to “breathe”;
• the quality of the paint can be significantly improved by adding chalk or turpentine to it;
• it is allowed to apply water-based paint on a surface previously painted with other types of paint;
• relatively low cost;
• easy to work with paint, quick drying, tools after work are easily washed with water.

• a significant drawback of water-based paint is that it cannot be allowed to freeze, because then it loses all its qualities;
• painting works can be carried out at a temperature not lower than + 5 ºС.

AT modern world the environmental safety of building materials, their durability, ease of use and the minimum time spent to implement all design ideas are highly valued. Therefore, along with high quality oil paints water-based formulations are also widely used. Since the types of this finishing material also differ in the way they are used for different rooms and surfaces, before using them in repairs, you need to find out what kind of such coating is suitable just for you.

Peculiarities

The composition based on water includes various polymers or mineral particles, additives, tinting pigments. When painting any surface of walls or ceilings, the water component dries up, leaving on the surface polymer film or a film of mineral particles.

Emulsion paint does not have a strong chemical smell when dry. Such magical property allows the use of this emulsion for work indoors and for people who are allergic to this type of building materials.

Advantages and disadvantages

To positive aspects use this material stains include:

• It is very easy to apply on any pre-plastered surface - concrete, wood, gypsum concrete. Brushes and rollers are easily washed with water after use.
• This paint is easy to dilute, as the main solvent is water. Thanks to this dilution, it becomes safe and non-toxic, so it is recommended for interior work even in rooms with closed windows.
• It differs from all other types of paint in that it dries faster than all other types.
• After painting, there is no unpleasant smell in the room for many weeks, as after using other types of finishing materials.
• Water-based paints are distinguished by the fact that they are not subject to peeling, subject to all the rules of storage, application and preparation of the surface for painting.

• An important feature is environmental safety for humans. This coating is non-toxic, not harmful to humans, without a strong chemical odor.
• Dirt from surfaces painted with certain types of aqueous emulsion is easily washed off with water and any detergent.
• Also important features are incombustibility and increased resistance to various alkalis.
• Certain types of water emulsion are recommended for rooms with high humidity- for a bath or kitchen, but not only because they have an increased water-repellent ability, but also because they are breathable, as they easily pass air and steam through their layers.
• This type of paint has antibacterial characteristics.

• The service life depends on the specific type of paint. Currently, you can pick up one that will not lose its presentation for 20 years.
• Some types of water emulsion have such a density when stained that they easily mask cracks up to 2 mm.
• An aqueous emulsion is suitable for any interior solution, as it can be easily tinted even independently, and the variety of colors and the possibility of their use in various percentages with paint gives such a range of colors and shades that allows you to embody all dreams and fantasies in repairs professional designers and lovers.
• low price and great quality allow VE paints to compete with many types of wall and ceiling finishes in any type of repair work.

This type of paint also has disadvantages:

• The use of water emulsion is not possible with sub-zero temperatures, so the minimum temperature limit is up to +5 degrees Celsius. Already at 0 degrees it freezes and loses all its properties.
• Some types of paints have a short service life, but these types of emulsions are becoming rare and are being forced out of the market by more durable paints.
• Not always suitable for metal or glossy surfaces due to a large number water in their composition.

Specifications

By familiarizing yourself with the technical characteristics of a particular type of VE-paint, you can choose desired view for this particular surface.

When choosing, pay attention to the following factors:

• Compound. Depending on the fillers, thickeners, antiseptics contained in the aqueous solution, this paint may or may not be suitable for interior or external works, for wet or dry areas.
• Application. What materials is this finishing material suitable for covering? Is it possible to paint wood, concrete, metal, enamel.
• Viscosity. How much and how to dilute VE paint.
• Consumption. Depends on the base material, its characteristics of absorption. Usually the consumption of the coloring emulsion is 200-400 ml per m2.

• Specific gravity. By the weight of the can, you can determine the quality of the paint. A good water emulsion has a density of about 1.5 kg per 1 liter. From this we can conclude that high-quality paint in a ten-liter jar will have a weight of about 15 kg.
• Temperature during staining and drying. What is optimum temperature when using this type of emulsion.
• Humidity allowed during painting and operation.

• Storage conditions. Maximum allowable high and low temperatures at which the paint does not lose its properties. You need to store it in a place where the direct rays of the sun do not fall, in which it is cool and dark.
• The expiration date of the paint in the bank.
• The service life of this type of paint on painted surfaces.

In order to choose the paint that is right for your case, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with existing species and their technical specifications.

Kinds

Water-based paints are of several types.

Polyvinyl acetate

These paints are the cheapest. From positive properties it can be noted that they are resistant to sunlight and the effects of fats. Also, these types of coatings can be painted even indoors, they are non-toxic and safe due to their components. They include polyvinyl acetate, or, in a simple way, PVA glue.

But they are afraid of water, so surfaces painted with this type of paint cannot be washed. They are suitable only for rooms where it is dry and which are infrequently used.

After some time, this paint may turn yellow like old glue. Currently, this type is almost never used for repairs.

mineral

Also relatively inexpensive paints. They include calcium hydroxide, slaked lime or cement. This type can be painted on any surface, but they are best suited for concrete or brick surfaces. These water emulsions are characterized by high vapor permeability and do not suffer with a significant temperature drop.

The main negative characteristics - quickly lose original color, as they burn out and are damaged upon contact - they are erased, they have short term operation, so they are less and less used in interior work, more for facade decoration.

silicate

They include sodium silicate - liquid glass. These are relatively inexpensive paints. They are durable, strong, but only suitable for concrete and plaster walls. Tolerate temperature differences, vapor and breathable. But they are afraid of water, precipitation, as they are not waterproof, which means they are only useful for painting inside the house and only for dry rooms.

For rooms with high humidity, such as kitchens and bathrooms, this type of staining is not suitable. And this material does not fit well on metal, stone, glass and ceramics.

Acrylic

And although they are more expensive than mineral VE paints, the difference in price between different types of paint and different manufacturers allows you to choose the right finish for any wallet.

The main advantages of this type are water resistance, strength and resistance to mechanical abrasion, resistance to ultraviolet radiation, dirt-repellent characteristics. They are elastic, that is, they are applied easily and without smudges and have high density when painting, so that cracks up to 1 mm can be repaired. They have the lowest consumption of coloring emulsion when painting even in one layer. Suitable for any type of premises, as they are mostly washable.

latex

These are latex-based or acrylate-based acrylic paints. Here, the composition of the acrylic emulsion includes latex. And because of this, they are relatively expensive. latex attached acrylic paint increased water resistance. Surfaces painted with this type can be washed even with the use of detergents. They withstand 5 thousand wash cycles without losing color, brightness and water resistance.

This paint can be used on wood, concrete, brick, metal, plaster, drywall and structured wallpaper. Its composition is more elastic and covers any surface well. The double layer allows to repair cracks up to 1 mm. The paint dries quickly and is odorless, which means it is environmentally friendly and harmless to health. This type of coating can be used in swimming pools and bathrooms.

The only negative is that it is not vapor-permeable and condensation can appear on it. Also this species is afraid low temperatures– in cool rooms, surfaces painted with latex paint may crack. It has poor resistance to the effects of the sun, fungi and bacteria.

Silicone

These coatings contain silicone silicone resins. They are suitable for ceilings. Available special types silicone paints for ceilings, which have increased adhesion to the surface, which means that they roll more easily on the ceiling and do not flow.

Due to the increased density, this type can mask cracks up to 2 mm. This type is considered antiseptic, as it has vapor and gas permeability, which prevents the formation of fungus and mold. Therefore, they are suitable for painting rooms with high humidity, especially for bathrooms and kitchens. The painted surface washes well.

Silicone paint can cover previously painted surfaces with other types of paints such as mineral, acrylic and silicone paints, except for oils. Even a black interior surface is effortlessly covered with two layers of paint, since the silicone water-based emulsion has a high hiding power.

The only surface that may not look very aesthetically pleasing over time is reinforced concrete. Rust spots may appear on the paint, as the reinforcement will begin to rust, so it is recommended that this surface be protected or used before painting. the new kind paints with anti-corrosion additives.

Which is better?

To choose a paint for coloring, you need to know its characteristics and take into account both price features and technical ones. You need to know what surface is at the base for painting, whether you will pre-prime it, what are the technical characteristics of this surface, whether it is outdoors or indoors, in which room, how long you need to paint and completely dry this surface.

Depending on all these parameters, you need to choose suitable paint. You may not need the most expensive silicone water emulsion.

For coloring external surfaces mineral and acrylic dyes are more suitable. But surfaces painted with a mineral coating quickly lose their original color, although this coating is much cheaper than acrylic.

For painting indoors, you need to consider what needs to be painted - walls or ceiling or some wooden, metal, glass surfaces. The microclimate in this room is also important. For dry rooms, all types of water-based emulsions are suitable, you just need to keep in mind that polyvinyl acetate, although the cheapest, can turn yellow over time, mineral ones are easily erased when in contact, and acrylic, latex and silicone differ quite a bit. high price. Silicate water emulsion is best for painting concrete or plastered surfaces. But for wallpaper for painting, it is not very suitable, here it is better to use latex.

For wet rooms, acrylic, latex and silicone paint. The only disadvantages of latex - it is afraid of low temperatures and is not vapor-permeable, does not protect against the appearance of condensate, as well as mold and mildew. All of these types are expensive.

All types of paint are also suitable for ceilings. Just keep in mind that for rooms with high humidity it is better to use mineral, acrylic, latex or silicone. At the same time, acrylic and silicone do not flow when stained and are more durable, although more expensive.

There are special silicone dyes for painting ceilings. Their composition is characterized by increased hiding power and drying speed, which means that it allows you to more accurately and easily paint the ceiling.

Application technology

Before applying water-based paint, the following points should be considered:

• How was the surface treated? If it has been primed, especially if the solution has been rubbed well over the surface of the base, then one applied layer of paint will be enough. It should be borne in mind that with each subsequent layer, the color of the painted surface becomes more intense.
• When dry, the color of the paint is slightly different from the color in the jar.
• Apply the second and subsequent layers only after the previous one dries. Usually the drying time is about 8 hours.
• Water-based paint should dry naturally, without drafts.

For staining, you can use any tool - and a brush, and a sponge, and a roller with long pile. Short pile rollers are not used because they do not grip the right amount paint, and from the foam rollers, the water-based emulsion may bubble on the surface, as the foam rubber absorbs an excessive amount of paint. And after painting, the surface may look uneven and rough to the touch.

Mineral paints can be applied with a spray gun, spraying the paint over the surface. Also, this method is suitable for painting ceilings, wallpaper, radiators and any hard-to-reach surfaces and objects.

Choice painting tool also depends on the expected effect. Even when working with a roller, the layer of paint that can be applied to the surface, that is, the intensity of the color, depends on the length of its pile. And also when working with a roller, you may need to use a paint brush - this will help when painting in corners and in hard-to-reach places.

A sponge is used when it is necessary to cover some objects or textured surfaces with paint, or to add texture using a thicker paint composition.

Usually start by painting the perimeter with a brush, and then use a roller. Any object is advised to start painting from top to bottom, this creates a surface without streaks and drips.

Before painting, it is desirable to protect untreated surfaces and glue on skirting boards, platbands and window sills along the border of staining masking tape. If the floors are already prepared for painting with varnish, then adhesive tape should also be glued on them so as not to complicate subsequent work, because not completely wiped water emulsion can be seen through the varnish at the points where the walls come into contact with the floor, but in order to prepare perfect surface for painting with varnish, it will take precious time. Also, in places of transition of one color to another, you can stick adhesive tape.

Please note that adhesive tape, even masking tape, must be removed immediately after painting this area. If the paint dries, then it will become impossible to remove it without damaging the painted surface.

If you paint ceilings, then you must first clean them of the old coating, then level the surface with putty and prime it. A primer is required, as it reduces the penetration of the paint into the base and increases the degree of hiding power. It is better to choose a primer from the same manufacturer as the paint, or one recommended by the paint manufacturer.