Dangerous plants: Veh poisonous. Aquatic plants and fish What does a poisonous milestone look like

Milestone has poisonous great amount names: hemlock, omeg, gorigolova, mutnik, as well as omezhnik and vyakha. He also has "aquatic" (water rabies, water hemlock) and funny "animal" names (pork louse, cat parsley and dog angelica). This is one of the most poisonous plants. It is poisonous as a whole, and rhizomes - especially. The danger of a poisonous milestone also lies in the fact that the taste of its rhizomes slightly resembles a radish or swede, and the plant itself has a rather pleasant carrot smell.

Getting to know the plant

Poison milestone represents a notorious family called Umbelliferae. The height of this herbaceous perennial is in the range from 1 to 1.2 m. It is endowed with fleshy white vertical and powerful rhizomes, from which numerous thin and small roots extend. If you cut such rhizomes along, you will see transverse cavities filled with liquid of yellowish hues.

The stems of the poisonous milestone are hollow, very branched and rather smooth. Fancy doubly pinnate large leaves of this plant are equipped with sharp-toothed edges. And the lower, funny thrice pinnately dissected leaves are usually sharply serrated, although they can also be pointed or linear-lanceolate.

Tiny white flowers of the poisonous milestone are collected in double complex umbrellas, from which ten to fifteen main rays depart (sometimes up to twenty-five). The diameter of the umbrellas is in the range from 5 to 12 cm. This plant differs from the spotted hemlock by the complete absence of wrappers, although each umbrella still has small wrappers containing 8 to 12 leaves. Flowering of this perennial is observed in the second half of summer, mainly in July-August.

The fruits of this dangerous representative of the flora are rather small and consist of two brownish hemispherical seeds. Outside of each of them, you can see five longitudinal and wide ribs. BUT inner sides These bizarre achenes are lighter in color, flatter and facing each other, and are also equipped with a dark wide stripe in the middle.

100 - 200 g of poisonous milestone rhizomes will be more than enough to take the life of a cow, and rhizomes in an amount of 50 to 100 g can easily kill a sheep. The powerful rhizomes of this moisture-loving killer are considered especially poisonous. late autumn, as well as in early spring.

Poisonous milestones are most widespread in Eastern Europe, as well as in the northern regions of Asia, North America and Western Europe. As for the territory of Russia, here it grows literally everywhere. It grows in well-moistened grooves, along the banks of ponds, streams and rivers, as well as in low swampy meadows.

Using milestone poisonous

Despite its venom, it amazing plant found application in traditional medicine. And homeopaths use it to treat dizziness and tetanus cramps. It helps milestone poisonous in homeopathy and from various ailments, annoying migraines and epilepsy. AT medicinal purposes the herb of this natural healer is harvested mainly.

An infusion of a poisonous milestone is used in the treatment of convulsions and psychosis, hysteria and epilepsy, as well as paralysis, stuttering and respiratory diseases - bronchial asthma and whooping cough. Moreover, it has an expectorant, pronounced anticonvulsant, as well as a powerful sedative and diaphoretic effect. In addition to the infusion, the tincture of this plant is also used - it is famous for its analgesic effect, and can also be used to get rid of dizziness, regular migraine, rheumatism and gout.

Moreover, the poisonous infusion is also used externally - it is good in the form of compresses for hardening of the mammary glands, as well as to relieve inflammation of the lymph nodes. Also based on roots and leaves this plant miraculous ointments are made against lumbar pain and arthritis. It is noted that milestone poisonous helps to cope with some types of cancer.

It is noteworthy that such interesting plant It is also a good insecticide against sawfly larvae and a number of leaf-eating caterpillars.

Dangerous plants capable of causing a slow and painful death are not the prerogative of the jungle and rainforest. On the territory of Russia there are also very dangerous bushes, which with the ease of a careless prepper. And one of them - Veh Poisonous or Cicuta.

This is perennial family Umbelliferae, grows in middle lane Russia, mainly on moist soil: along the banks of rivers and lakes, in ravines, along deep ditches. Since the umbrella - flowers and seeds can not be distinguished from those of carrots or dill. Also, the smell is quite edible, reminiscent of celery. Yes, and the root is quite large, resembling some kind of edible root crops. It tastes like turnip or turnip. But you don’t need to try it, because even 100 grams Poison milestone enough to kill a man.

By the way, plants have known about these properties for a long time. Already in Ancient Greece hemlock juice was used to forcibly send political opponents to the next world. This is how Socrates was executed. And not just him. Although now some sources believe that they poisoned him with Spotted Hemlock.

We have about properties Poison milestone were also well aware of what his numerous folk names- water rabies, water hemlock, mutnik, dog angelica, gorigola and the like. Not bad names for a poisonous plant, right?

The clinical picture of hemlock poisoning is as follows. Within a few minutes after use, pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting, dizziness begins. Then paralysis of the tongue and muscles of the larynx, difficulty in breathing and, in the most unfavorable case, death from damage to the respiratory center, join. In laboratory animals, the picture is similar.

Most often, poisoning occurs by accident. Veh poisonous grows much faster than other plants, therefore, it gains green mass very early and stands out in the meadow. Large (and not so) cattle notice him, eat and poison him. Hemlock is especially dangerous in early spring and late autumn, and poisonous properties persist even when dried. As for people, their attention is attracted by large "root crops" with pleasant smell. Actually, the description of the taste was given by the surviving "volunteers" who were lucky.

Distinguish hemlock from similar plants pretty simple. First and foremost is the place of growth. If somewhere near the river you see flowers resembling carrots or dill, this is not what it seems. If at the same time the plant has long and jagged leaves on petioles, this is most likely Veh poisonous. And if this is not enough for you, pull the plant out of the ground (it's easy), find the root and cut it. If there are transverse cavities filled with a yellowish liquid, this is definitely it. Fortunately, the juice is not dangerous during normal contact, so you don’t even need to wear gloves. But in no case do not let it get on the mucous membranes.

There is no need to take any specific precautions and pull out the entire Veh poisonous within sight is also not necessary. It does not spread uncontrollably, like, and it occupies its own ecological niche. But if cows are grazed somewhere nearby, then it is better to destroy the plant. Cows, unfortunately, do not read our articles, so they can accidentally spit this plant. And 100 grams (and not only the root with liquid, but also the green parts) is enough to send the cow to the next world.

If the poisoning Poison milestone Whatever happened, then you have to act like this. It is necessary to wash the stomach as soon as possible large quantity warm water and give the victim 10 tablets of activated charcoal (or similar sorbents). Some recommend giving tannin, which significantly reduces the rate of absorption of toxic substances by the mucous membrane. After that, and preferably at the same time as the start of the procedures, you should immediately call a doctor, since damage to the respiratory center can be fatal. In this regard, systematic artificial respiration may be necessary.

In short, with hemlock or Poison milestone It's better not to get involved at all. It doesn't do any good and doesn't happen very often. Just remember - do not eat dumb roots with transverse cavities and chambers, no matter how nice they smell.

Milestone poisonous (another name - spotted hemlock) - herbaceous plant, widely distributed in Europe, Asia and North America. In the people, it is also called hemlock. This plant is one of the most poisonous in nature. But, despite the fact that hemlock is toxic both fresh and dried, it is widely used in folk medicine. What is a poisonous milestone? Description of it useful properties and medicinal recipes read in this article.

Appearance and habitat

Cicuta is a tall plant, the length of which can reach 1.2 m. The rhizome is round with partitions inside, quite fleshy. The stem is branched, it can reach 60-120 cm in length. The flowers are white, small size, combined into a complex umbrella. The flowering period occurs in June - August. The poisonous milestone plant bears fruit in August-September.

Hemlock grows in swampy areas, along the banks of lakes and rivers. The plant is widely distributed in central Russia, throughout the Siberian forest zone and partly in the polar arctic. Also, hemlock is sometimes found in the Caucasus, in Central Asia and North America.

Compound

The rhizomes and roots of hemlock contain cicutotoxin and cicutol - nitrogen-free toxic substances. Also found in their composition essential oils based on p-cymene and cumaldehyde. The leaves of the milestone are saturated with alkaloids, flavonoids and polyacetylene elements. In all parts of the plant there is a poisonous element - cicutin. This substance is found in large quantities in the rhizome, which becomes especially toxic in early spring and late autumn. It is important to remember that the poison is not destroyed by the action of high temperatures and is preserved even in the dried plant.

Action of the poison

Cicuta - very poisonous plant. Frequent cases of poisoning cattle milestone. For humans, cicutin also poses a danger. After ingestion of any part of the plant, in most cases, death occurs within a few hours. The first signs of intoxication of the body appear in the interval from several minutes to 2 hours.

Symptoms of cicutin poisoning:

• convulsions;
• strong salivation;
• dizziness;
• burning in the abdomen;
• vomit;
• pupil dilation;
• slow heart rate;
• convulsions;
• paralysis of the muscles of the tongue.

First aid for poisoning

The poison of hemlock can be neutralized with alkalis and concentrated acids. As an antidote, drugs that cause a gag reflex, sour drinks, strong black coffee are used, mustard plasters are placed on the back and shoulders.

When the first symptoms of poisoning appear, you must:

• rinse the stomach with a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate (this will help stop the absorption of the poison into the blood);
• drink 10 activated charcoal tablets;
• make a high cleansing enema;
• it is possible to use saline laxatives (sodium sulfate and magnesium at a dosage of 30 g per 2 cups of boiled water);
• drink an acidic drink (for example, jelly);
• if necessary, artificial respiration is given to the victim.

Pharmacological properties

The pharmacological properties of this plant determines its chemical composition. Cicutin in small doses has a calming effect. At the same time, the poisonous elements of the milestone depress the central nervous system, reduce blood pressure and physical activity. Cicutin also acts on the genitourinary system, reducing urine output.

The use of hemlock in medicine

In folk medicine, all parts of the plant are used. Poison milestone herb is a part of medicines and is used in the treatment of:

• nervous disorders;
• epilepsy;
• mental disorders;
• headaches;
• convulsions of the postpartum period;
• migraines;
• gout;
• angina.

Poison milestone tinctures are used to treat bronchial asthma, stuttering, and whooping cough. This remedy also has an expectorant, sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic, diaphoretic and narcotic effect.

Compresses from hemlock are used for inflammation of the lymph nodes.

The leaves and root are used to make ointments that help relieve back pain and arthritis symptoms.

Use of milestone poisonous in cancer treatment

Cicutin is a potent poison that can slow down the process of cell division (mitosis). This is why toxic milestone poisonous substances are used to treat cancer. The poison of the hemlock retards the growth of the tumor, eliminates malignant formations and cells. Drugs containing cicutin block the process of cell reproduction on initial stage- during metaphase, when the nucleus is just beginning to divide. That is why the use of poisonous milestone is effective at any stage of the development of the disease. In addition, cicutin is able to eliminate metastases (secondary cancer cells). It is important to note that hemlock-based drugs have a more gentle effect on the body than any form of polychemotherapy. This is due to the fact that cicutin only affects malignant cells and does not affect healthy tissues. Treatment with milestone-based drugs helps to avoid recurrence of the disease.

Recipes for Cancer Treatment

Attention! Before taking the tincture of milestone and other drugs based on it, you should consult your doctor.

An infusion of hemlock for the treatment of cancer is prepared as follows: take 10 g of powder from the rhizome of the milestone and pour 500 ml of vodka into it. Then the mixture should be infused for 14 days.

There are several schemes for taking such an infusion in the treatment of malignant tumors.

1. Preventive. Reception of the infusion begins with 1 drop, increasing the dose every day. For 20 days, use 20 drops. After that, the dose is reduced, and on day 40, 1 drop should be taken.

2. Medical. Treatment begins with 2 drops, which must be drunk in the morning and evening. Every day the dose is increased by 1 drop. On the morning of the 11th day of taking the drug, 22 drops are consumed. After that, their number is reduced. In the evening, on the 20th day, the course of treatment ends.

Collection and preparation

In folk medicine, hemlock grass is most often used. It is saturated with poison (as well as roots and rhizomes), so when harvesting all parts of the plant, maximum care must be taken. Grass is harvested during the flowering period. Roots and rhizomes are harvested in autumn, since in spring the plant contains the most a large number of poison. It is necessary to dry the hemlock in the shade, in cool, well-ventilated areas.

Poisonous milestones should be collected only with gloves, avoiding contact with the juice on the skin and eyes.

medicinal prescriptions

Attention! Cicuta is a very poisonous plant, so its use is allowed only after consulting a doctor.

Poison milestone tincture is prepared simply:

• Grind the hemlock rhizome into powder and pour (1 tsp) 250 ml of boiling water over it, leave it under the lid for 4 hours, and then strain. You need to drink this infusion for 1 tsp. 4 times a day in the treatment of any form of hysteria and other nervous disorders.
• Take 1 tsp. crushed roots and hemlock herb, pour 250 ml of alcohol and leave for 17 days in a dark and well-ventilated area. Compresses with this infusion are effective in the treatment of rheumatism, gout and skin rashes.

Ointment from hemlock

• Grind the rhizome and hemlock grass into powder, mix it (1 tsp) with melted pork fat (300 g) and place in a well-ventilated place for 10 days. This ointment is recommended for the treatment of gout, rheumatism, skin rashes.

There are many names: hemlock, vyakha, cat's parsley, omezhnik, omega, water rabies, water hemlock, dog angelica, mutnik, gorigola and pork louse.

This article will present a plant better known as hemlock. Photos, descriptions, poisonous properties, places of growth - you can read about all this here.

There have been cases when people who do not know about poisonous properties ah this plant, poisoned them. By mistake, this plant can be mistaken for an edible wild plant that can eat roots. You should stay away from him. Hemlock can also be confused with angelica.

Just 200 grams of hemlock rhizome is enough to poison a cow to death, and 50 to 100 grams of this plant can kill a sheep.

According to one legend, Socrates was poisoned by the poison of this particular plant. But it is now believed that the more likely version is the death of the philosopher after drinking a drink based on spotted hemlock.

general description

Milestone poisonous - very plant.

Hemlock smells like celery or carrots (and the smell is deceiving), and has a thick root. It usually blooms in July-August.

Poison milestone is easy to distinguish from plants similar to it by a thick rhizome. Its root is divided into separate chambers by partitions. It is quite easily pulled out of the ground. The taste of the root, which is the most poisonous part of the plant, is sweetish. It resembles a radish or swede. The highest concentration of poison in hemlock is observed in the spring.

Botanical description

Cicuta (see photo below) is a herbaceous perennial plant growing up to 1-1.2 meters in height with its characteristic vertical fleshy rhizome white color with numerous thin roots. A longitudinal section in the rhizome reveals a number of transverse cavities filled with a yellowish liquid. The latter is characteristic hallmark milestone.

The smooth and branched stem is hollow inside.

Sharp-toothed upper large leaves twice, and the lower ones are thrice pinnate and dissected, with pointed leaves.

White small flowers collected in double (complex) umbrellas with about 10-15 rays. An important difference from it is the absence of wrappers, but they are available with 8-12 leaves for each umbrella.

Cicuta is a plant with small fruits. They consist of 2 hemispherical brown achenes. Each of them with outer side has 5 longitudinal wide ribs, and their inner sides face each other. They have a lighter color, with a dark wide strip in the middle. Plant propagation occurs by seeds.

Distribution, habitats

Cicuta is a plant that loves waterlogged wet places. It can be located right in the reservoir (near the shore), it is also found in swamps. Poisonous milestones do not grow in dry meadows.

Geographically, the distribution area is wide: Eastern Europe, northern parts of Asia, Western Europe and North America. In Russia, it is distributed almost everywhere.

This plant develops faster than others in spring, therefore it stands out for its size against the general background, attracting large-horned animals.

The chemical composition of the plant, application

Cicuta is a plant containing the following substances: cicutotoxin (the most poisonous element in the root resin), which can paralyze breathing; cicutin; essential oils, etc.

All parts of the plant are very dangerous, but its rhizome is especially poisonous.

In Russia, in folk medicine, the rhizomes and roots of hemlock were used externally in the form of ointments and tinctures. They were used for rheumatism, skin diseases, gout. Also, the plant was important in homeopathy.

The seeds and root of hemlock contain cycut oil, or tsikutol. Cicutoxin and other toxic plant substances are not destroyed either by high temperatures or by long-term storage. Even dried hemlock contains a dangerous poison.

The plant is still used in medicine. Quite effective milestones are made from leaves, stems, roots and flowers. medications used in the treatment various diseases. In small doses, substances from the rhizome and roots have a calming effect, depressing the nervous system and motor activity. They lower blood pressure and have a diuretic effect.

Symptoms of poisoning

Cicuta is a terrible plant. Literally a couple of minutes after the poison enters the body, nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramps appear, followed by dizziness, gait becomes unsteady and even appears. At the same time, the pupils dilate, convulsions and epileptiform seizures occur, which can result in paralysis and death.

To prevent the worst, you need to quickly and correctly provide first aid to the victim.

In conclusion about actions in case of poisoning

The most important thing is the speedy washing of the victim's stomach with a solution of activated charcoal and tannin.

Then it should be urgently transported to medical institution where they should carry out infusion therapy, hemosorption (blood purification). It is worth noting that therapeutic measures are difficult due to the fact that the victim's teeth are strongly compressed.

Everyone should definitely remember that hemlock is a very dangerous plant! And in order to avoid poisoning, you must remember the following:

• Do not eat the roots and leaves of suspicious inedible plants.
• Wash hands after contact with suspicious flora.
• If there is no knowledge and experience, stay away from plants

Be sure to remember that it is not recommended to use drugs from the milestone poison on your own, without sufficient knowledge and experience!

Veh (veh) poisonous is another extremely dangerous representative of the Umbelliferae family.

There are also names:

• cicuta;
• vyakha;
• cicuta;
• dog angelica.

Description

This is an insidious plant: it does not scare away with its smell or appearance. All parts are toxic. The thick root smells like carrots, and tastes like rutabaga, while 100-200 grams of rhizome is enough for the death of a cow that ate it. You can meet poisonous milestones throughout the Russian Federation, except for tundra zones. It grows near water bodies, usually in silty soil, and therefore it is easy to uproot it. Visually similar to another poisonous umbrella - hemlock, so it is sometimes called water hemlock.

Veh poisonous grows from 0.5 to 1.2 meters in height. Its stem is empty inside, cut with furrows. The upper leaves of the plant are double-pinnate, the lower ones are thrice-pinnate. The edges of the leaves are serrated. White flowers are collected in inflorescences-umbrellas with 20-25 rays. Hemlock blooms from the second decade of July to the end of August. The seeds are small, about 1.5 mm. The thick rhizome is the larger, the more years the plant and more favorable conditions its growth.

The average size is 6-7 cm, but there are rhizomes up to 20 cm in length. Inside it is hollow, the cavities are filled with a translucent yellowish liquid, darkening when oxidized in air. The rhizome is extremely poisonous, the maximum concentration of poison occurs in the spring when the first shoots appear, and in the fall, when the aerial part dies off. Interestingly, the plant does not lose its poisonous properties even when heat treatment, nor with long-term storage of raw materials.

Compound

The poisonous component of hemlock is cicutoxin. In small quantities, this substance inhibits the activity of the central nervous system, lowers blood pressure. In addition to it, the plant contains:

• ether, which includes phellandrene and pinene, tsikutol;
• coumarins;
• aliphatic alcohols;
• the herb contains flavonoids, barium, strontium, nickel.

Medicinal properties

In Russia, everything is poisonous official medicine not recognized, while French, Danish and Swedish pharmacists recognize medicinal properties plants, but only as an external remedy (for rheumatism and gout, inflammation sciatic nerve). Preparations of a milestone poisonous in folk medicine have been used both externally and internally, since the time of Ancient Greece and Rome. The plant is also used in homeopathy as part of remedies for epilepsy, migraine, and dizziness.

There is information about the effectiveness of a poisonous milestone in the fight against cancer, including metastases. It is believed that the active substances in the composition of hemlock inhibit cell division, thus stopping the growth of neoplasms. This plant is used for any location of a malignant tumor, at any stage of the disease. Plant preparations are also recommended as a prevention of cancer. Treatment and prevention can be carried out only under the supervision of a phytotherapist, using microdoses of the drug.

Medicinal use

If you still decide to try healing properties of this poisonous perennial, it is advisable to use gloves to collect: the poison penetrates the skin well. A lethal outcome with such a hit of a toxic substance is unlikely, but a feeling of trembling in the arms and legs, sweating, lethargy is possible. Dig up the rhizome in spring or autumn. For the manufacture of tinctures, raw materials are used. If necessary, dry the rhizome by cutting it into small pieces (you can use a dryer at 50 ° C).

Recipes

For most of the ailments against which hemlock-based drugs have been used, there are safer drugs.

Tincture of milestone poisonous against cancerous tumors and metastasis. All manipulations are carried out in a room with good ventilation, since volatiles plants are toxic. Such a tincture was patented at the beginning of the 21st century by V. Yakovlev under the name "Cicutin". 5 g of fresh hemlock root or 10 g of dried rhizome is poured into 100 ml of medical alcohol 70%. Insist 10 days. Strain through a coffee filter or a special paper filter. Pour into the resulting product Activated carbon 1 to 10 (10 g per 100 ml). Within 2 days, the tincture must be shaken regularly (as often as possible). The absorbent will absorb the poison. After 48 hours, the tincture is filtered again, after which it is ready for use. The regimen of administration is different depending on the stage of the disease and the nature of the neoplasm. Apply the tool in the same way as "Cicutin".

Contraindications

The plant is highly poisonous! Signs of poisoning with poisonous stems: nausea and vomiting, pain in

stomach, incoordination, unsteady gait, foam at the mouth. The pupils dilate, a seizure begins, similar to an epileptic one. A fatal outcome from paralysis of the respiratory centers is very likely. If plant poisoning is suspected, call ambulance, before her arrival, it is recommended to induce vomiting, rinse the stomach with an absorbent, and tannins are also indicated.