Top dressing of red currants in spring. How to fertilize currants in spring. Excellent folk ways to feed currants

In order for the bushes to be healthy, and the berries to be large, juicy, to please the harvest, currants need watering and top dressing. It is also useful to loosen the plants, treat them from pests and mulch the soil. In a word, as always, the mouth is full of worries. We read about the main points of caring for currants - how to feed - today.

When is the liquid feeding of currants

the first time - when the buds open, growth and flowering begin;
the second dressing is carried out immediately after flowering. At this time, there is increased growth, and the plant "needs to be supported." The amount of growth depends on this, and consequently, the amount of yield;
it is good to carry out the third dressing during the period of pouring berries (June - early July). At this time, the need for a fruiting bush for phosphorus and potassium increases. Any complex fertilizers are suitable for top dressing;
after harvesting, before laying flower buds (end of July - August), it is very important to carry out one more top dressing - this will be the key to successful fruiting in next year. But during this period, nitrogen fertilizers are recommended to be excluded (they delay the ripening of shoots).

Depending on the composition of the soil in your area, the frequency of application and the amount of fertilizer will, of course, vary. The poorer the soil, the more it is required to enrich them.

The first dressing of currants in spring

Performed immediately before flowering. If you notice that shoots of one and a half to two centimeters have formed on the bushes, it's time to start feeding the soil! It should be mentioned that currants are fertilized 4 times a year. If you fertilized with phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fall, then it makes sense to use nitrogen fertilizers in spring top dressing: 15 g of urea, 37 g of calcium and 15 g of ammonium nitrate. This is an approximate volume of feeding the root zone of one currant bush.

If you did not fertilize currants in the fall, then the best option spring top dressing will be organic. It is recommended to dilute the manure in a bucket of water, add 2 teaspoons of urea and then mix well. We add 2 liters of the resulting mixture under each bush and pour abundantly with water.

The second dressing of currants in the spring

It is carried out exactly 14 days after the first. During this period, the berries are already beginning to set, and it's time to sprinkle the currant bushes with manure humus with the addition of 2 teaspoons of potassium sulfate. In addition, fertilizing currants is no less effective by another method: a solution of 10 liters of water and 4 teaspoons of Berry fertilizer. One bush takes 3 liters of fertilizer.

Fertilizing currants in the spring with folk remedies

Currant loves starch, so potato peels or leftover bread are often used as top dressing. How?

In the spring, the peel of potatoes (1 liter) dried over the winter is poured with boiling water and kept for 2 hours under the lid. Fertilizer consumption: 3 liters per bush.
Another recipe: the peel and bread scraps are mixed with grass and left to ferment. Released during fermentation carbon dioxide beneficial effect on the development of bushes.
Banana peel is valuable as a source of potassium for plants. To prepare top dressing, the peel of 5 bananas is dipped in a 10-liter bucket of water and insisted for 2 days, after which they are watered.
Or you can not bother preparing solutions, but simply chop fresh banana or potato peels a little and dig under the bushes.

How to carry out foliar fertilizing of currants with nitrogen and micronutrient fertilizers

Currant responds positively to foliar fertilizing with nitrogen and micronutrient fertilizers. Thus, zinc promotes plant resistance to fungal diseases, boron affects the nature of flowering and fertilization, manganese - on growth, yield, sugar and vitamin content in berries, increases immunity, and improves photosynthesis. Copper is part of plant enzymes, increases the intensity of respiration.

Foliar top dressing can be done twice a season. The first time they are fed in the flowering phase: 30 g of urea is taken per 10 liters of water, 8 - boric acid, 1 - zinc chloride, 0.5 - copper sulfate, 0.25 - magnesium sulfate and 0.25 g of potassium permanganate. The second top dressing is carried out in the green ovary phase. In 10 liters of water, dissolve 50 g of urea, 5 - boric acid, 1.5 each - copper sulfate, zinc chloride and magnesium sulfate, as well as 0.5 g of potassium permanganate. Foliar top dressing is best done in the evening or in the morning on dry leaves. In any case, you must first do a test spraying on individual branches. If there are no leaf burns, then after a few days you can spray all the plants.

Dosage of spring fertilizers for currants

When applying top dressing for currants in the spring, it should be taken into account whether this procedure was carried out in the fall. If the soil has not been fertilized, then in the spring two such procedures are performed:

a mixture of mullein, ammonium nitrate and water (one tablespoon of ammonium nitrate is added to one bucket of liquid with mullein);
phosphorus-potassium (for 10 g of potassium sulfate take 20 g of superphosphate).

If the soil received additional nutrition in the form of phosphorus and potassium in the fall, then you should use ammonium nitrate(dose for one bush - 50-70 g).

A few recipes for spring seasonal dressing for currants:

10 liters of water add potassium sulfate (one tablespoon) and complex fertilizer(50 ml), 20 liters of such a mixture is enough for one bush;
a mixture of ammonium nitrate (60-80 g), superphosphate (80 g), potassium chloride (40-50 g) - ideal for sulfur soils;
superphosphate (30-40 g) is added to the slurry and diluted with water (this can be done several times).

Experienced gardeners warn that manure (mullein) should not be used to fertilize currants in a pure, undiluted form, as this may not help, but harm currants.

What to do if spring feeding did not help

With weak growth and slow development, currant bushes are additionally fed with solutions of organic fertilizers after flowering and harvesting. Organic fertilizers can be replaced with mineral ones: 15 grams of urea or 20 grams of ammonium nitrate should be diluted in 10 liters of liquid. You can also use superphosphate, potassium sulfate or ash. Furrows of 10 cm depth are made around the bushes and fertilizers are applied to them, after which everything is covered with earth.

One of milestones growing any desired crops is the timely introduction of nutrients into the soil. Fertilizers for currants are applied in the spring for the sole purpose of increasing the yield of berries. But the correct application of top dressing can not only increase the fruiting of the shrub, but also make it stronger and more resistant to diseases and pests.

From this article you will learn how to fertilize currants in the spring and what organic and mineral supplements better to use for this. Properly fertilizing in the spring with mineral and organic fertilizers will help expert advice, photos and videos in this article.

How to fertilize currants in the spring to increase the yield

In the spring, when the bushes begin to wake up after a period of vegetative dormancy, it is necessary to carry out the first top dressing, which will help increase the yield of plants.

Fertilizers are applied when leaves begin to bloom on the branches. Nitrogen preparations, such as urea, are considered the best option, which stimulates the growth of young shoots and buds.

Conditions

When fertilizing the soil, it is important to take into account that the bushes are harmed not only by the lack of useful components, but also by their overabundance. Therefore, it is better to apply nitrogen products in the spring, when stimulation of shoot growth and the formation of fruit buds is necessary.

Note: It is impossible to feed plants with nitrogen fertilizing in the fall. The formation of new branches will weaken the shrub, and it may not tolerate wintering well.

For a young shrub, it will be enough to add 50 grams of urea, but if the plant is an adult, a single dose is increased to 100 grams. After applying the product, the soil around it is loosened shallowly and watered to nutrients get to the roots faster.

It is important to consider that if the bush is older than five years of age, it is impossible to be zealous with nitrogen preparations. Starting from this age, the amount of nitrogen preparations is gradually reduced.

Ways

There are several ways to add nutrients. by the most effective method basal irrigation and direct application of preparations to the soil are considered (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Methods for applying organic and mineral top dressings

In the first case, urea or another nitrogen fertilizer dissolved in water and carried out abundant watering followed by loosening. If substances are applied to the soil in a dry form, they are simply scattered over the surface of the soil and watered so that they dissolve faster.

Options

Novice gardeners are often interested in how to fertilize currants in the spring and which option to feed the bushes is better to choose. in a universal way liquid preparations are considered to provide plants with nutrients.

Note: Experienced gardeners recommend using this particular method, and it is recommended to apply nutritional preparations four times per season, depending on the vegetative period.

In order to properly fertilize the crop, it is necessary to take into account what vitamins and trace elements are required for plants in a certain period of growth. The following options are considered traditional:

In early spring, during bud break, nitrogen agents are introduced into the soil.
Second carried out immediately after flowering. For this, complex mineral fertilizers capable of increasing growth current year, form more fruit-bearing branches and, accordingly, increase productivity.
Third fertilizer carried out during the ripening of berries. During this period, preference should be given to organic matter, but potassium and phosphorus preparations can be used.
After harvest carry out the last top dressing, the main purpose of which is to prepare the plants for a new period of fruiting next spring. In autumn, they also prefer complex mineral products and organics.

Figure 2. Types of liquid top dressing for berry crops

The average amount of liquid top dressing per bush is 10 liters (Figure 2). But, if the soil in your area is not fertile enough, the amount of nutrient fluid can be increased.

Currant is unpretentious garden plants, as it successfully grows and bears fruit on any soil. But at the same time, plants should not be left unattended.

You can determine that the bushes need to be fed by their appearance (picture 3):

Phosphorus deficiency causes a decrease in the number and size of berries;
A lack of potassium leads to the formation of a yellow edging along the edges of the leaves;
The lack of nitrogen components leads to the fact that the fruit buds slowly bloom, and the bush practically does not give an annual increase.

Figure 3. Shortage useful substances: phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen (from left to right)

When planning to plant bushes on the site, you need to know how to fertilize them in the spring to increase the yield. In order for the plants to receive all the necessary nutrients immediately after planting, nutrients are applied even at the stage of planting seedlings. To do this, you need to carefully dig the soil and add organic and mineral substances to the holes. Subject to this rule, the bushes will not need additional feeding during the first two years of growth.

The author of the video will tell you more tips on fertilizing the crop.

Fertilizing currants in spring with mineral fertilizers

Not all owners summer cottages It is possible to feed the plants with organic matter. But on modern market presented wide selection mineral dressings that will help provide the bushes with the necessary nutrients at all stages of development.

Let us consider in more detail the rules and the most popular methods of making mineral preparations.

Peculiarities

In order to properly use mineral top dressing, you need to focus not only on the age of the shrub, but also on other factors: development period, season, climatic and soil conditions.

For full growth and abundant fruiting, currants need nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the need for nutrients varies depending on the growing season (Figure 4). In early spring, before bud break, nitrogen preparations (for example, urea) are introduced into the soil, which stimulate the growth of young shoots and accelerate the ripening of fruit buds.

Note: For young shrubs, you need about 50 grams of urea per plant. As the shrub matures, the dosage is gradually reduced.

During the period of flowering and the formation of ovaries, the bushes also need to be fed. For this purpose it is better to use organic matter- for example, a solution of bird droppings or mullein. To do this, one part of the product is diluted in 10 liters of water, allowed to brew, and then watering is carried out. It is better to fertilize using the root method: dig a shallow groove around the bush, pour the resulting one into it and sprinkle thin layer soil.

Figure 4. Types of mineral dressings for berry bushes

After the formation of fruits, the need of plants for phosphorus and potassium increases. For this purpose, special complex mineral supplements are used, which are also diluted in water and used for irrigation.

When the crop is already harvested, the bushes are carefully examined and, if signs of disease or pests are found, they are sprayed with a solution of karbofos. After that, they begin to prepare the plant for winter. In this case, you can use organic matter: spread rotted manure around the bushes and sprinkle it with ash. Additionally, about 100 grams of superphosphate is added under each bush, after which the soil is carefully dug up and mulched.

Ways

There are many ways to feed the culture. To save time, you can simply sprinkle dry matter on the soil around the bush and carry out abundant watering.

However, liquid root preparations are considered more effective, since when diluted they get to the roots faster, which means that the plants themselves gain access to nutrients faster.

You can simply dilute the drug in water (if mineral products are used), or you can irrigate along the furrows (this method is most often used with organic matter).

Ordinary potato peelings can be a valuable fertilizer for currants. But when using, you need to know how to prepare raw materials and properly feed with potato peels (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Fertilizing currants with potato peels

The value of this tool is that the currant reacts positively to glucose and starch, which are contained in the cleanings. They are able not only to provide plants with the necessary nutrients, but also to improve the yield of shrubs. After this procedure, the berries become larger and sweeter.

Ways

There are several ways to fertilize with potato peels. The easiest is to dig in a few dry cleanings during the autumn loosening of the soil and repeat the procedure in early spring. Decomposing, the potato peel will saturate the soil with nutrients and increase crop yields.

More complex, but also more effective method- water the bushes with a decoction of cleanings. The potato peel must be dried, and then boiled in water, and the resulting liquid should be used for watering shrubs.

Methods

For areas with infertile soil, it is recommended to constantly dry and bury the cleaning right under the bushes. But, if the soil in your dacha is fertile, it is better to prepare raw materials for future use and water only when necessary: for example, to strengthen plants during flowering, the formation of ovaries or the ripening of fruits.

From the video you will learn how to prepare fertilizer from potato peelings with your own hands.

It is possible to provide the plant with optimal growth and development rates, as well as increase the degree of yield with the help of correct and timely feeding. Nowadays, there are many tools that can be used. Feeding currants is a simple matter, but it requires a competent approach.

This extremely vitamin-rich berry can be found in almost every area. However, only experienced gardeners know why and how to feed currant bushes. The plant is quite unpretentious and bears fruit, being content with minimal care. But lack of fertilizer improper watering other agrotechnical measures greatly affect the degree of yield and its quality.

At first, the plant has enough top dressing made at planting, especially for the red and white varieties. But over time, the number of berries decreases, and the fruits themselves lose their presentation, become smaller and become less tasty. Then the bush gradually ceases to develop and start up new young shoots. As a result, he is transplanted.

All this can be avoided by regularly making seasonal top dressing. With a simple scheme, you can achieve an increase in yield and improve taste characteristics. In addition, a plant that receives all the necessary nutrients becomes more resistant to adverse conditions. weather conditions and diseases.

Application rules

Few people know that currant varieties differ not only general characteristics bushes and fruits, but also the specifics of top dressing. Next, you will learn about the rules for fertilizing red and black currants.

For red and white

Top dressing of red currant is greatly facilitated by the fact that it is undemanding to soil fertility. Light soils with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction are best suited. An important point is that it is sensitive to chlorine, so it is recommended to replace it with potassium sulfate or wood ash. Spring top dressing is very important, thanks to it it is possible to achieve an increase in the degree of yield so much that it exceeds the performance of blackcurrant.

Since this variety loves moisture, it is better to feed the bush with liquid fertilizers or apply along with watering. In April, the plant is watered abundantly and urea is applied. In early summer, diluted manure or bird droppings are perfect. Also in the summer, special fertilizers enriched with microelements are applied: boric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and zinc sulfate, diluted in small doses in a large amount of water. Leaves are treated with this solution.

The last time the bush is fed in early October with a mixture of organic and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. You can also use a fruit and vegetable mix. Winter feeding is not required at all. The nutrients introduced during the warm period are enough until spring. Similarly, you can feed white currants. With the exception of summer processing with microelements, which is carried out if necessary.

For black

The blackcurrant feeding scheme variably includes several more stages - earlier and later. There are five main stages in total:

in the spring, during the swelling of the kidneys. Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied. Periodically (once every couple of years), potassium and phosphorus can be added;
after the end of flowering. Similar types of top dressing are used, as in the first stage. However, it should be taken into account that it is not worth abusing nitrogen products, an excess can affect productivity and significantly weaken immunity. It is best to use mineral and organic fertilizers in equal amounts;
the period of ovary and fruiting. It is recommended to give preference to organic and potassium-phosphorus complexes;
end of summer, after harvest. Best suited complex top dressing, including not a large number of nitrogen;
late fall. Potassium and phosphorus, which increase the immunity of the plant and are responsible for strengthening the rhizome.

How to feed blackcurrant at each stage can be determined by the appearance of the bush and its fruiting.

How to fertilize

A wide variety of different top dressings can be a problem for an inexperienced gardener who can puzzle over how to fertilize currants so as not to harm her. The easiest way is to use the scheme and focus on complex specialized mixtures.

Without any problems, you can buy a liquid or granular mixture for a certain stage and fertilize the bush, following the instructions. You can use folk recipes and gardening experience. So, a large amount of nitrogen contains manure, compost and bird droppings. Bird droppings and manure are diluted with water and applied in liquid form, compost and humus can be used to mulch the soil.

Complex fertilizers can be replaced with available products: wood ash, starch and grain fertilizers. These products are diluted or infused in water and brought under the bush. Since starch is slowly and not completely absorbed, it is better to replace it with tincture if possible. potato peelings. Such currant fertilizers are available to everyone.

Special dressing

There are also specific fertilizers that make it much easier to feed currants than self-cooked ones. They are sold in ready-made, powder or granular form with instructions for use.

Top dressing with phosphate fertilizers

This type is usually introduced after harvest or in the fall, since the main element requires long time for assimilation. In a few months, the subcortex turns into a soil-retaining complex and by the summer begins to fully work. A certain kind of phosphorus complexes - fats that contain fast-acting compounds - are also applied in the spring. There are several popular varieties of fertilizer.

At different stages, the plant requires the introduction of potash top dressing. For currants, this is spring and autumn. The best option the introduction of potassium fertilizers is considered: potassium nitrate, nitrophoska, ammophosphate. However, it is impossible to feed the bush “by eye”, a certain dose and application scheme is needed.

It should be recalled that for currants, chlorine-containing preparations should be replaced with ash. It should also be taken into account that potassium increases the acidity of the soil, so calcium and lime must be added in parallel. For chernozems, potassium can be applied without fear negative consequences due to the alkaline reaction.

Liquid top dressing

Berry crops, including currants, better absorb nutrients in liquid form. Therefore, almost any fertilizer should be dissolved in water, otherwise it will not be absorbed. Both organic and mineral fertilizers are dissolved in water. The norm is the introduction of top dressing per 10 liters of water.

For any type of fertilizer, not only the time of top dressing is important, but also its quantity. Otherwise, you can lose the crop or "burn" the plant. Therefore, you should not engage in amateur activities, it is better to use the recommendations and instructions.

Video "Feeding currants after flowering"

From this video you will learn how to properly fertilize currants after flowering.

Currant happens different varieties and varieties. The colors are: black, white and red. Care and fertilizer for different varieties has no differences. In addition to the usual pruning of bushes after harvesting, currants also need to be fed with fertilizers throughout the year. This procedure is carried out four times for the entire season.

The first dressing of currants

Even before the currants have released their leaves and are about to begin to bloom, the very first top dressing for the whole year is made. As soon as new young green shoots begin to form on the bushes, you should immediately start fertilizing. The first top dressing of currants in the spring is carried out using nitrogenous fertilizers - this is a mixture of 15 g of urea, 35 g and also 10 - 15 g of ammonia. This calculation is given for making under one bush. This is a great way to fertilize if it was not fertilized at all in the fall.

If in the fall they were introduced, then organic fertilizers will be an excellent option for the first top dressing. To do this, dilute the manure in a bucket of water by adding 2 teaspoons of urea to it. This mixture is applied in the amount of two liters per currant bush. After completion of such top dressing, it is thoroughly watered.

Second top dressing

Two weeks after the first feeding, it is necessary to proceed to the second. By this time, flowering is already ending on the bushes, and the first berries are beginning to set. During this period, use non-aggressive fertilizers, such as humus, with the addition of rotted manure and one tablespoon of potassium sulfate.

As a full-fledged top dressing of currant bushes in the spring, another method can be used - this is a Berry fertilizer solution, which is diluted in the proportion: 2 tablespoons per bucket of water. For one plant, the consumption of 3 liters of such fertilizers is required.

Third top dressing

After another two weeks, when green berries form on the bushes, they can be sprayed with a solution of urea diluted in a ratio of 2 teaspoons per 10 liters of water. This will be the last feeding of black currants in the spring.

Fourth dressing

Only after the end of the harvest, in autumn, the bushes are pruned and fed for the fourth time this season. For this purpose, the following solution is used: 3 buckets of water, 3 tablespoons and the same amount of superphosphate. After watering the bushes with this mixture, it is recommended to additionally sprinkle under them wood ash and humus. After that, one or more waterings are usually performed. On this, the care and feeding of currants in the spring and for the whole year with fertilizers will be considered finished. And it will only happen next season.

Foliar top dressing

Currants have proven themselves well in the spring with microelements. For this method, it is necessary to prepare a solution of 5 grams of potassium permanganate, 3 grams of boric acid and 40 grams blue vitriol diluted in 10 liters of water. Spraying with such a solution not only supplies the plants with the necessary trace elements for healthy growth and fruiting, but also is the prevention of many diseases characteristic of this culture.

Alternative Methods

If there is no time or desire to breed special solutions, and top dressing of black currant is necessary in spring, then you can use more versatile and low-cost methods, such as planting lupins, peas, and wikis in the aisle. These crops are sederial and after they have grown but not yet flowered, they must be mowed and mixed with the soil surrounding the currant bushes. Thus, during overheating, they will supply all the necessary nutrients, which will not take much time and financial costs.

Another in a good way is the application of long-term fertilizers. Top dressing of currants and gooseberries in the spring can be carried out with special briquettes. There are so-called long-term fertilizers on sale for gardeners, which are available in the form of tablets or sticks that need to be stuck near the base of the bush and they will slowly dissolve and feed the plants for a long period.

Fertilizing currants in the spring with organic fertilizers in the form of dissolved bird droppings will support and strengthen the plants without harming either them or the health of the person who eats the berries.

Spring care for currants, raspberries and gooseberries

At the first onset of heat berry bushes it is necessary to spray with nitrofen, as well as karbofos. Top dressing of currants and gooseberries in the spring is required when the first leaves appear, and also two or three times, with an interval of one week, it is necessary to spray them with a solution soda ash and laundry soap, which are taken in equal quantities, 50 grams each, based on 10 liters of water. This spraying helps to avoid powdery mildew.

Top dressing of raspberries and currants in the spring is carried out by watering with organic fertilizers, such as diluted mullein or bird droppings.

Ever since time immemorial experienced gardeners advised to water the bushes until the buds swell, hot water. This helps to get rid of the mites, which later settle in swollen buds, spreading the infection to healthy bushes, which is very difficult to prevent.

Currant, spring care, top dressing

Spring is an excellent period for the propagation of currants. Usually two methods are used - cutting cuttings or dividing the bush into several shoots with roots and their further jigging. This is the easiest way, and for its implementation you need to prepare the ground in advance. To do this, you need to dig up the site, remove weeds from it, flavor the hole with humus, with the expectation: for one hole for planting one currant bush, add 5-6 kg, it will be enough to add ammonium nitrate there, mix it all with the ground and plant a new plant to this place.

Plant it so that the root is deepened by about 10 centimeters. The distance between adjacent bushes should be one to one and a half meters. Newly planted young seedlings are plentifully watered.

They also use the second method - cuttings or diverting branches for rooting, a good way would be to fertilize the land surrounding mother plant. That will allow not only to support and feed the main bush, but also to give a good start for young plant. It is formed much faster when cutting the shoot, if the earth is saturated with fertilizers and fertile.

Productive and tasty varietal currants, care in the spring, top dressing with special fertilizers - these are all the necessary components for a good harvest.

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