We fertilize the garden and the garden - right. How to get a good harvest without manure: alternative types of fertilizers for spring top dressing How to feed the beds before planting

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If we want long time enjoy the works of your garden, you should take care of feeding it in time right time, and for this you need to know how to fertilize the garden in the spring, as well as at other times of the year. As long as the garden has fresh soil, it will be able to do without fertilizers, but after several crops and harvests, you already have to think about how to feed both the plants and the soil.

Purchased fertilizers

The first thing you should know about top dressing before you buy fertilizer for the garden in the spring is to pick it up. correct composition. On almost every package with additives, the composition of the minerals and other useful substances included in it is written. Firstly, for dense foliage, all plants need nitrogen, phosphorus - for the development of the root system, potassium is indispensable for fruit plants and trees. The level of these substances can vary widely in various fertilizers sold in gardening stores. The most common products include superphosphate, Crystal, Nitroammophoska, etc. Many mixtures are able to nourish plants for up to twelve months, it is enough to add them to the soil only once, so you don’t have to worry too much about how to fertilize the garden in the spring before planting.

AT winter time Not so much nitrogen gets into the soil, so when thinking about how to fertilize the garden in spring, you should take care of this particular element. Fertilizers are both liquid and granular, in the form of powders and mixtures, here everyone is guided by personal preferences. Liquid equivalents are convenient in that they can be mixed with water in certain proportions and sprayed onto plants. At the same time, they can be used much more often, every two weeks, so that the garden can flourish all summer and delight with good harvests.

natural fertilizers

Many are wondering if there is a more natural fertilizer for the garden in the spring? If you prefer organic, you can use animal by-products, as well as vegetable waste. To date, there are unique mixtures with the addition chicken manure, seaweed and other organic matter. Despite quite bad smell, such fertilizers are considered one of the most useful and environmentally friendly both for the plants themselves and for our health.

If you have pets, especially cats, it is recommended to bury organic fertilizers well, as they are especially sensitive to odors and some components may be of great interest to them.

If you are interested good fertilizer for the garden in spring, can be made on their own. If you know a farmer, ask him for a bag horse manure, put it in a barrel of water and after a while you will have an excellent liquid fertilizer. Compost can also be made from sheep manure, fishmeal, or seaweed. If you are a fisherman, you do not need to worry about how to fertilize the garden in spring for vegetables. Just save the rest of the fish and crush it into small particles.

You can also breed worms, which help to loosen the soil, thereby contributing to better penetration moisture and providing good access to the root system of plants.

Healthy plants are better able to resist various diseases and negative influence external environment, so the question of fertilizer is vital for your plants. And despite the fact that there are many adherents to fertilize the soil in the fall, before spring planting it is equally important to pay attention to it. in the best way useful for the garden - fertilize twice a year.

For those who are interested in how to fertilize the garden in the spring, a table with a schedule and the exact amount of necessary substances for a particular soil can help.

Seed propagation in the garden strawberry familiar to us, unfortunately, leads to the appearance of less productive plants and weaker bushes. But another type of these sweet berries - alpine strawberries, can be successfully grown from seeds. Let's learn about the main advantages and disadvantages of this crop, consider the main varieties and features of agricultural technology. The information presented in this article will help you decide whether it is worth giving her a place in the berry.

Often at the sight beautiful flower we instinctively bend down to smell its fragrance. All fragrant flowers can be divided into two large groups: nocturnal (pollinated by night butterflies) and diurnal, whose pollinators are mainly bees. Both groups of plants are important for the grower and designer, because we often walk in the garden during the day and relax in our favorite corners with the onset of the evening. We are never put off by the fragrance of our favorite fragrant flowers.

Pumpkin is considered by many gardeners to be the queen of the beds. And not only because of its size, variety of shapes and colors, but also for excellent taste, useful qualities and a rich harvest. pumpkin contains a large number of carotene, iron, various vitamins and minerals. Thanks to the opportunity long-term storage this vegetable keeps us healthy all year round. If you decide to plant a pumpkin on your site, you will be interested to know how to get the largest possible harvest.

Scotch eggs are amazing! Try to cook this dish at home, there is nothing difficult to prepare. Scotch eggs are hard-boiled eggs wrapped in chopped meat breaded in flour, egg and breadcrumbs and deep fried. For frying, you need a frying pan with a high rim, and if you have a deep fryer, then it's just great - even less hassle. You will also need deep-frying oil so as not to smoke the kitchen. Choose farm eggs for this recipe.

One of the most amazing large-flowered tub cubanola Dominican fully justifies the status of a tropical miracle. Heat-loving, slow-growing, with huge and in many ways unique bells of flowers, cubanola is a fragrant star with a difficult character. She demands special conditions content in the rooms. But for those who are looking for exclusive plants for their interior, the best (and more chocolatey) candidate for the role of indoor giant cannot be found.

Chickpea Curry with Meat is a hearty hot dish for lunch or dinner inspired by Indian cuisine. This curry is quick to prepare, but requires pre-preparation. Chickpeas must first be soaked in plenty of cold water for several hours, preferably overnight, the water can be changed several times. It is also better to leave the meat in the marinade overnight so that it turns out juicy and tender. Then you should boil the chickpeas until tender and then cook the curry according to the recipe.

Rhubarb can not be found on everyone garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is not prepared from rhubarb: soups and cabbage soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied fruits and marmalade, and even wine. But that's not all! A large green or red rosette of plant leaves, resembling burdock, protrudes beautiful background for one year olds. Not surprisingly, rhubarb can also be seen in flower beds.

Today, experiments with non-banal combinations and non-standard colors in the garden are in trend. For example, plants with black inflorescences have become very fashionable. All black flowers are original and specific, and it is important for them to be able to select suitable partners and location. Therefore, this article will not only introduce you to the range of plants with slate-black inflorescences, but also teach you the intricacies of using such mystical plants in garden design.

3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage sandwich with meat - great idea for a quick bite or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and some spices. There are no onions in these sandwiches, you can add marinated in balsamic vinegar an onion in any of the sandwiches, it will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, it remains to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the variety group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground, is: for early tomatoes- 45-50 days, average maturation - 55-60 and late dates- not less than 70 days. When planting tomato seedlings in more than young age the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality crop of tomatoes also depends on the careful implementation of the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

unpretentious plants The “second plan” of sansevieria does not seem boring to those who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimum care. Stable decorative effect and extreme endurance of only one type of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very fast growth - Khan's rosette sansevieria. The squat rosettes of their stiff leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

One of the brightest months garden calendar pleasantly surprises with the balance of the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful days for working with plants according to lunar calendar. Gardening and gardening in June can be done throughout the month, while the unfavorable periods are very short and still allow you to do useful work. There will be their optimal days and for crops with plantings, and for pruning, and for a reservoir, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for a festive menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this meat is preferable for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, the most good choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - mushrooms, boletus and other goodies are best harvested for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial foliage color. I have different Japanese spireas, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry ... And there is one special shrub that I will talk about in this article - the viburnum vesicle. To make my dream of a low maintenance garden come true, it's probably the perfect fit. At the same time, it is able to diversify the picture in the garden very much, moreover, from spring to autumn.

In the spring, it's time to prepare the land for planting, and one of milestones work - fertilizing the soil. And how to fertilize the land in the spring, if there is no manure - a question that gardeners often ask at this time.

Optimal timing of fertilization in the soil in the spring

Many summer residents begin to fertilize the land in the fall, before the snow has fallen yet. Often there are questions about what fertilizers should be applied exactly in spring time When is the best time to add them?

Interestingly, many experts believe that early spring is best period when most known fertilizers can be applied. It is especially important at this time to apply nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium, ammonium nitrate) and superphosphates. In this case, the following rules must be taken into account:

You should focus not on calendar dates, but on specific signs, since in different years the spring season may be delayed or, on the contrary, come earlier than usual. First of all, half-melted snow and melt water must completely leave the garden (usually this happens in the 2nd half of April). If you start applying before this moment, then the result will be ineffective - since many fertilizers dissolve well in water, then they will leave with it, and when everything dries up in the country, the soil will lose useful material.
Great importance It also has what kind of crops are fed. So, in the case of fruit trees, fertilizers can be applied a little earlier than for other crops - their powerful root system will be able to get nutrients even at a time when the soil in the lower part of the trunk has not yet completely melted.
In the case of vegetables and flowers, fertilizers are applied to the beds right before they are planted (per day).

Advantages and rules of spring application of manure as a fertilizer

It is often believed that feeding the earth with manure better in autumn, because during the autumn and winter it will have time to decompose well and give all the useful substances to the ground. But there are some advantages to using it. in early spring.

The fact is that overripe manure (humus), decomposing in the ground, will retain heat, which is very necessary for seedlings just placed on the beds. Another important detail is that manure can lose its value from frost. For this reason, it is even required to store it in a barn and wrap it carefully.

At the same time, the introduction of manure requires compliance with several important rules:

It is better to apply manure only in a mature, rotted form - because it is in this state that it retains maximum amount valuable components.
It is necessary to fertilize with manure no more than once every 3 years.
Fertilizer should be applied to the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm, and not scattered over its surface.
Do not rely on the principle: the more, the better. Even on non-chernozem soils, manure is applied in the amount of 5-6 kg per square meter the surface of the earth.

How to fertilize trees in spring (video)

How to fertilize the land in spring if there is no manure

If spring has come, but there is no manure at hand, this is not a reason to abandon the sowing campaign. There is a mass different types fertilizers (phosphate, nitrogen, universal, etc.), which significantly increase productivity and at the same time are affordable.

We use green manure

One of interesting ways soil fertilization -. This is the name of plants that are specially grown for subsequent grinding and placement in the ground to enrich it with nitrogen, suppress the growth of weeds. These top dressings are also called green manures.

These include:

Legumes (alfalfa, soybeans, peas and many others). Special bacteria settle on their roots, which bring a significant amount of nitrogen into the soil.
Cruciferous ( various varieties mustard, rapeseed, radish, colza).
Cereals (wheat, sorghum, rye, oats, etc.).
Buckwheat, phacelia, etc.

The beneficial effect of these plants is explained by the following reasons:

During their flowering, plants attract pollinating insects, which often eat flies, aphids, etc., harmful to the garden.
Their roots often grow strongly, penetrate deep into the earth, loosen it, due to which it becomes more saturated with air.
Some of these plants suppress plant diseases (eg wilt).

Green manure can be used not only in spring, but also at the end of summer or during a break in planting for a year.

Mineral fertilizers for the garden

Mineral refers to inorganic supplements (i.e. those that do not contain organic matter). Most often they differ in the predominance of one chemical element(potash, nitrogen, etc.), but can also be complex (mixtures of fertilizers).

Each of their species has its own benefits for plants:

Nitrogen fertilizers are easily absorbed by both the earth and crops, since they dissolve very well even in cold water. They contain in their composition easily digestible forms of nitrogen, thanks to which plants quickly gain weight, grow efficiently and without delay.
Phosphate top dressings are presented in the form of phosphate rock, precipitate, superphosphates. They contain phosphorus, which is also important element and beneficial to plant growth. At the same time, they dissolve in water much worse than nitrogen ones. For example, phosphorite flour is used more often on acidic soils, because in these cases phosphorus passes into a form that is easier to assimilate.
Potassium nitrate It has chemical name potassium nitrate. It dissolves very well in water. It has a good effect on the growth of plants, as well as on the taste and juiciness of their fruits.

In general, plants on unfertilized soil not only grow worse, but also have a greater risk of suffering from infectious diseases or acquire other deviations (poor formation of the ovary and fruit, falling flowers, small fruits etc.).

What fertilizer to apply in the spring (video)

Universal top dressing

Universal fertilizers have different chemical composition and have a complex effect on plant organisms. Here are some examples of such supplements:

organomineral fertilizer "Universal" consists of half organic, half inorganic components. It contains many substances necessary for the growth of the plant and maintaining its health. At the same time, it also regulates the level of nitrates in the soil, preventing them from accumulating in excess. Accordingly, it has a positive effect on cultures.
Ammophos contains up to half the mass of phosphorus and about 10-15% nitrogen in an easily digestible form. Accordingly, provides the plant useful action both of these elements.
Ammophoska contains not only nitrogen and phosphorus, but also potassium in approximately the same ratio.

In addition, universal dressings do not have to be bought at the store. They can be found among quite affordable home remedies. Here are some examples:

Ash It has been used to fertilize the soil since ancient times. It is valuable because it contains potassium, calcium, iron and phosphorus. It is universal not only in action, but also in crop coverage - it can be used on almost any beds, as well as in garden flower garden.
Herbal infusions used on mowed weeds. They are placed in large containers, poured with boiling water and infused for several days (up to 2 weeks). Then the mixture is filtered, the solid components are discarded, and the liquid is diluted in a ratio of 1 to 10. Any crops can also be watered with this solution. It is better to do evening watering sessions.

What organic fertilizers to apply to the soil before planting

The most common besides manure include:

peat;
straw;
sapropel;
composts.

Waste is also often used Food Industry and household waste.

Unlike mineral substances, organic substances are more specific, and they must be applied taking into account the characteristics of a particular culture.

For example, perennial vegetable crops(horseradish, Jerusalem artichoke, asparagus, rhubarb) like to have organic matter applied immediately before planting.

At the same time, annual carrots, radishes, tomatoes, beets and others require very small amounts of these top dressings. Sometimes it is even better to fertilize them with inorganics.

It is especially important to apply organic fertilizers before planting. fruit trees. If the fruits are pome fruits, then more fertilizers need to be applied, if the fruits with a stone - less. In this case, you need to regularly feed the trees and during growth.

How to feed indoor plants in spring

With the advent of spring, do not forget about top dressing indoor plants. Potted soil should be fertilized more often than in the garden., since it is deprived of natural conditions and does not actually participate in the cycle of elements, which ensures the balance of the content of various useful components.

In the spring, indoor pets especially need to be fed. since the increase daylight hours stimulates their growth. Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers are mainly used; you can also use pet feces mixed with straw or sawdust as organics. In this case, you need to follow some rules:

if the plant has just been transplanted, then in 1 month it is undesirable to fertilize it;
do not fertilize cacti with organic matter;
during the dormant period it is better not to apply any fertilizers;
if the roots of the plant rot, fertilizing is not recommended.

How to fertilize strawberries (video)

The main condition in the use of any fertilizer is the exact following of the instructions. Over-fertilizing is sometimes even more dangerous than not having them. Try to play by the rules and take good care of your green friends!

Reviews and comments

(4 ratings, average: 4,00 out of 5)

Vladimir 28.09.2017

I adhere to the rule that it is necessary to feed the plants during the most active growth and immediately after fruit set. That is, in fact, in the first half of the growing season. And then I wait for the harvest. The number of top dressings depends on the plant, and what it needs - you need to be able to recognize and correct. Now it's easier - the Internet will tell you everything.

Of course, manure and humus are the best natural fertilizers. When it is not possible to use them, we introduce into the soil wood ash, water with a solution of potassium permanganate, buy biohumus.

Aglaya 08.06.2018

I have not used manure for several years, it was not possible to get it. As fertilizer, I used ash, fish waste, which, when rotting, produces a large amount of nitrogen. Another excellent fertilizer is an infusion of herbs, especially nettle.

Olya 14.04.2019

I have long abandoned the use of manure, this fertilizer causes tremendous damage to the soil, in addition, it can simply burn the seedlings. For the past few years I have been using only mineral bait.

Add a comment

What needs to be fed in the garden, and what needs to be fertilized? The question seems to be simple, but very important. To make the land truly "good" and feed your garden pets - this is the difficult task facing the gardener-farmer.

FERTILIZE IN SPRING OR AUTUMN?

Let's start with the foundation of the foundations - from the soil. That's what we have to "appease". The question is to fertilize or not to fertilize? - has long been resolved positively, it remains to be decided - how, with what and when?

The first thing to keep in mind is that soil fertilization is a strategic issue. The applied fertilizer will affect the soil for several years.

Feeding is a tactical move, designed for a momentary result.

You cannot replace one with the other. And fertilization, and top dressing - mandatory procedures. But how to combine them is the business of the gardener himself.

So, with the frequent introduction of bird droppings, nitrogen accumulates in the soil in nitrate form, so it is better to close it in the fall, evenly distributing it over the entire area.

But manure can be applied to the beds both in spring and autumn, depending on the degree of its readiness. The more humus in it, the more useful it is. The fertilizing effect of manure in any case remains in the soil for several years.

Composts used for all crops in approximately the same doses as manure (15-40 t/ha). They are brought in as a pair (this means scattered over a freshly plowed field, for example, before planting potatoes), for autumn plowing and plowing, in holes when planting seedlings. In terms of fertilizing properties, composts are not inferior to manure, and some of them (for example, peat-dung with phosphorite flour) are superior to it.

organics contribute under the main dressing in the fall, on sandy soils - in the spring. Doses depend on the condition of the soil, the availability of fertilizers and the needs of each plant species.

For any gardener, it is important not to lose sight of the main dacha work. Fertilizer and top dressing - this is by no means all that a summer resident does on his site. good help it has always been provided with special calendars. We also offer a small garden calendar.

Winter. Time to prepare inventory and seeds. There is simply nothing to fertilize during this period.

Spring. The earth is awakening to active life.

March. Cleaning the garden - pruning fruit trees (we burn diseased shoots), treating "wounds" with garden pitch.

April. Work continues with fruit trees and shrubs. After the soil dries up, the first steps in the preparation of fertilizers begin. You need to rake up fallen leaves and plant debris - they are great for making compost. If over the past year fruit trees have grown no more than 15 cm, then urea is applied under them.

May. The most active time for the activities of the gardener. Here and the fight against root weeds, and planting all kinds of seeds.

It's time to feed the berries and fruit trees. For this, bird droppings or slurry are suitable, the dosage depends on the type of plant and its age. Loosen the soil after fertilizing trunk circles and mulch it - for example, with sawdust. And save moisture, and there will be much less weeds.

The first spraying (before flowering) of the garden from pests and diseases. Spray better evening, at night, in the morning, on cloudy days.

Summer. All forces are directed to obtaining a large, healthy harvest.

June. The main concern of the month is to save plants from diseases and pests. To do this, they put trapping belts (they must be inspected every 10-15 days). Plants are treated (in the presence of diseases and pests) with decoctions, infusions of insecticidal plants.

Do not forget about the compost heap - all weeds and suitable garden debris will go to work.

July. It's time to feed the plants. Cucumbers, tomatoes 1 time in 10 days with mullein or ashes. Carrots, beets, root parsley - ash. It is necessary to remove attention from strawberries - remove diseased plants. You can prepare the soil (for 3 weeks) for planting new bushes. At the end of the month, green manure plants are planted between the beds. If there are problems, you will have to deal with pests and diseases.

August. Cutting down the fruiting shoots. Feeding trees and gardens. Pest and disease control.

Autumn. Final harvest. Preparing for winter.

September. Planting strawberries, mulching. After harvesting the fruits, it will be necessary to remove the trapping belts. Application of organic fertilizers under trees (this procedure is repeated every 4 years).

October. Final treatment for pests and diseases. Area cleaning. Mulching (peat or humus) berry crops planted in the second half of October.

November. Cleaning of all plant residues. Preparing the compost heap for winter. Protection of fruit trees for the winter.

So when is the best time to fertilize the soil: in spring or autumn? It is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to this question. The German farmer and scientist E. Wistinghausen dedicated to this great job. The conclusions of this work are as follows.

During the autumn fertilization, plant nutrients are part of the soil organo-mineral complex, and the whole next season the plant lives due to the gradual disintegration of this complex and the release of available nutrients.

For spring application organic fertilizer decomposes faster and better supplies plants with soluble nutrients. This is important for plants, since spring and early summer are the period of their active growth, requiring abundant nutrition.

Thus, autumn organic fertilizer contributes more to soil fertility, and spring - to plant nutrition. Both are important.

FERTILIZERS AND SUPPLEMENTS

FERTILIZE IN SPRING OR AUTUMN?

The first thing to keep in mind is that soil fertilization is a strategic issue. The applied fertilizer will affect the soil for several years.

Feeding is a tactical move, designed for a momentary result.

You cannot replace one with the other. Both fertilization and top dressing are mandatory procedures. But how to combine them is the business of the gardener himself.

So, with the frequent introduction of bird droppings, nitrogen in the nitrate form accumulates in the soil, so it is better to close it up in the fall, evenly distributing it over the entire area.

For any gardener, it is important not to lose sight of the main country work. Fertilizer and top dressing - this is by no means all that a summer resident does on his site. Good help in this has always been provided by special calendars. We also offer a small garden calendar.

Winter. Time to prepare inventory and seeds. There is simply nothing to fertilize during this period.

Spring. The earth is awakening to active life.

March. Cleaning the garden - pruning fruit trees (we burn diseased shoots), treating "wounds" with garden pitch.

May. The most active time for the activities of the gardener. Here and the fight against root weeds, and planting all kinds of seeds.

It's time to feed the berries and fruit trees. For this, bird droppings or slurry are suitable, the dosage depends on the type of plant and its age. After top dressing, it is good to loosen the soil of the trunk circles and mulch it - for example, with sawdust. And save moisture, and there will be much less weeds.

The first spraying (before flowering) of the garden from pests and diseases. It is better to spray in the evening, at night, in the morning, on cloudy days.

Summer. All forces are directed to obtaining a large, healthy harvest.

Do not forget about the compost heap - all weeds and suitable garden debris will go to work.

August. Cutting down the fruiting shoots. Feeding trees and gardens. Pest and disease control.

Autumn. Final harvest. Preparing for winter.

October. Final treatment for pests and diseases. Area cleaning. Mulching (with peat or humus) of berry crops planted in the second half of October.

November. Cleaning of all plant residues. Preparing the compost heap for winter. Protection of fruit trees for the winter.

So when is the best time to fertilize the soil: in spring or autumn? It is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to this question. The German farmer and scientist E. Wistinghausen devoted a lot of work to this. The conclusions of this work are as follows.

When applied in spring, organic fertilizer decomposes faster and better supplies plants with soluble nutrients. This is important for plants, since spring and early summer are the period of their active growth, requiring abundant nutrition.

Thus, autumn organic fertilizer contributes more to soil fertility, and spring - to plant nutrition. Both are important.

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