Necessary tools for construction work. Jack of all trades: what tools are needed at home
Homeowners often face renovation problems. This can be cosmetic finishing work and serious general redevelopment with the replacement of the floor and other structures. And sometimes there is a need to repair or replace the outlet, hang a new shelf, put together the purchased furniture. There is a lot of housework, and therefore, in order to be able to do it, you should have tools, without which it is impossible to cope with repairs and other important matters.
A real man should be the owner of a whole arsenal, consisting of a hammer, a hacksaw, a screwdriver and other special equipment.
The most necessary tools
Every home should always have:
1. A hammer is an essential item in repair work. In addition to a locksmith's hammer, it's nice to have an ordinary wooden one.
2. It is advisable to purchase ordinary screwdrivers in a set so that the necessary nozzles are always at hand.
3. Pliers and pliers in the house are also essential tools. Pliers with handles made of insulating material will help you safely repair, for example, an electrical outlet. 
4. Roulette is a fairly versatile device. Without it, one cannot find out the parameters of structures or the distance from one point of the room to another when planning the purchase of furniture. It will be difficult to cope with such calculations with an ordinary school ruler.
5. A set of different wrenches can replace a pair or three adjustable wrenches.
6. A hacksaw is not often used, but its presence is mandatory. A hacksaw is also worth having in the house.
7. Let the ax be small in the apartment, but in a private house or in the country it is obligatory to have one that can chop wood.
8. The building level will help to complete many works without distortions.
Electric tools in the house
The presence of a home master electric tools greatly simplifies many tasks. In addition, power tools allow you to do things not only faster, but also better.
Using a drill, it will be easy to make a hole in any surface, even in a wall using special nozzles.
A screwdriver will help reduce the time to assemble furniture or repair something without effort.
The perforator is used for serious work during overhaul in the apartment and for making holes in concrete, stone or brick with victorious tips.
The grinder will replace the hacksaw and will reduce the work time quite significantly. Special removable discs can cut tiles, metal and many other materials.
The presence of a real home master of all the listed tools and appliances will contribute to quick repair and various ongoing work in a dwelling. The presence of all sorts of other tools in the house is usually accompanied by one or another male hobby.
Probably, everyone wondered what tool is needed in the house, what is the most necessary? Perhaps it was during the first renovation of the apartment, or when buying a new one. Some of the tool should always be at hand, because it is difficult to predict when this or that thing may come in handy.
Home set
In the article, we will consider what every home master needs first of all, without which it is difficult to do without Everyday life, be with you a private house or an apartment.
I will make a short list of the tool that I consider the most important in my opinion, which I use most often.
Although tool kits are often sold in ready-made, but often there are unnecessary items, or not quite suitable, so I consider it appropriate to take everything separately.
Electric drill
One of the most commonly used power tools in repairs. With its help, you can perform many tasks: drill a hole if you need to hang a cabinet, shelf, curtain rod, drill metal, wood, plastic. Of course, it is worth noting that it is not very efficient to drill concrete (slowly), but still it is possible, brick is no problem.
It can also replace a screwdriver, you can turn self-tapping screws. Only a little skill is needed, because there is no friction clutch, the cartridge will not stop in time, you can turn the head of the self-tapping screw. But at low speeds, slowly, it is quite possible to work like a screwdriver.
It will be possible to use a drill to knead a screed mortar or tile adhesive, of course not in large volumes and not industrial scale, since this task requires powerful engine, but just for home use it will cope without problems (you will need a mixer nozzle).
For a drill, you will immediately need to take drills, you can use metal, they will easily take both plastic and wood. The most popular sizes are 3, 4, 6, 8, 10mm. they are inexpensive. If the house is brick or concrete, then the appropriate concrete drills. The most needed are 6mm, 8mm.
Well, for a complete set of plastic dowels, also for 6 and 8mm.
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Building
Without it, it is difficult to evenly hang the same shelf, cabinet, or set it level washing machine, put tiles, so without it anywhere. For ordinary household tasks, a small level, 60cm or 80cm, is enough.
3. wrench or adjustable wrench.
Needed for tightening nuts and bolts. You can take a small set of the most popular sizes (from 8mm to 17mm). But since we are talking about the most necessary, it is quite possible to get by with one adjustable wrench. There are many types and sizes. I think that a wrench up to 30 mm is the most versatile, since it will fit both small nuts and large ones that are used in plumbing, and you can also replace the tap.
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Main types
The piece is simply irreplaceable. Any screw, screw, self-tapping screw - without a screwdriver anywhere. So let's add them to the list.
Most right size cross No. 2 (marking PH No. 2). Suitable for most self-tapping screws used both in everyday life and in production. Suitable for black on wood, metal, with a press washer, for yellow.
You also need to take PH No. 1 (first cross). It is needed for thin self-tapping screws, such are used in small details. Often they come with thresholds that connect the joints of linoleum.
You should not forget about the slotted one either, although it is used much less frequently than a cross, but still it is needed, you can take it 5 mm wide (the tip of a screwdriver is measured).
A probe screwdriver, you can check the socket or cable for voltage, you can also turn the screws. Since it is small, it is suitable for a terminal block. When repairing sockets, installing a chandelier, this is a very necessary thing. Even if the machine was turned off at the entrance, it is still worth checking the phase on the wire, there may be residual voltage. Such a screwdriver costs a penny.
5. Pipe wrench.
Zero number (small)
Unlike a wrench, it is convenient to clamp round objects, especially if its jaws are S-shaped. When repairing plumbing, sometimes it helps a lot. It is convenient to clamp something like this, the compression force is very good, the harder you press on the handles, the stronger the squeeze. Well suited in a situation where the object is not fixed, for example, a piece of pipe and there is a nut on it, hold the pipe with one hand, turn the nut with the other.
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6. Wood saw.
Wood saw
It's difficult to run a business without it. It will be optimal to take it with a middle tooth, and the cut will turn out to be quite clean and it will not cut slowly. You can take a red-hot one, you don’t have to sharpen it.
5 meters
Any measurements in the house will make you pick up this tool, whether it's laying a laminate, installing a ceiling cornice, or anything.
I think that it is optimal to take a 5m tape measure, enough for most standard apartments.
Medium at 160mm
Clamp, press, hold, bite off a small nail, wire, cable, pull something out. On trifles, this tool performs a bunch of tasks, without it it is difficult to imagine a full-fledged set of tools for the house.
There are both mini pliers, as well as large and medium. Probably, it is optimal to buy medium ones, 160 mm long, they are most convenient to use, and they are suitable for both large and medium palms.
Convenient headband with 3 batteries
Useful thing. For example, you are installing a chandelier, or repairing a socket, the machine is turned off in the entrance, in this case it is difficult without a lantern. Yes, and it will fit in the car, or in the vegetable pit.
There are ordinary hand lanterns, there is also a headlamp. I consider the second option the most versatile, since both hands are free and the beam shines exactly in the place where you are looking at the moment.
10. A hammer.
Hammer average weight
Without nails in construction, nowhere, as well as without a hammer. They come in different weights. It will be optimal to have 400-500g on the farm, no more. You can hammer a small nail, and you can handle a big one. Naturally, it is better to hammer small ones, 200g with a hammer, and large 800g, but with infrequent use, one is enough.
Clerical
You can buy regular stationery. Suitable for stripping cables, such as antenna. You can cut linoleum, cardboard, leather.
12. Small set of self-tapping screws won't hurt the house.
Self-tapping screws different
Let's take the most popular ones. These are black wood for 20mm, 50mm, maybe 75mm. With a press washer for 13mm, 25mm (also suitable for metal). Enough for a small handful, pieces of 100.
You can also take dowels to them immediately if you have to mount them in a concrete or brick wall.
13. Well, where is it all stored? This will require tool box. There are both big ones and small ones. But it’s better to have more, say, 24 inches, although it will take up space, but everything will fit, except for the level, although if it’s 40 cm, it will fit. The box has a main compartment - for large items, there are also small things, such as self-tapping screws, dowels, bits, drills, screwdrivers.
That's basically it. I think this set should be in every home. Of course, this is only the basis, here you can add a number of things at your discretion, such as side cutters, thin-nosed pliers, hacksaws. Also a good set would be for a gift.
Price. Probably an important factor when buying. I took the tool not the most expensive, but not the cheapest, so that it was not very expensive, but it also served decently. Manufacturers may be different, not necessarily those in the photo.
Here is the approximate price for the end of 2012
Everyday clothes, home "first aid kit", and without home instrument.
Often, the "collection" of a tool for the home begins spontaneously, it is not planned, and no special goals and objectives are set for this.
It was after repeatedly tightening the bolts with pliers and painting window frames the first brush that came across. You have the idea that you need special functional tools.
By reviewing what you already have and deciding which home tool you will need next. And which one - later, you can gradually acquire new things, replenishing the set of your workshop.
When choosing hand tools, be guided by the main criterion - quality.
Properties and reliability of professional hand tool differ from the characteristics of an amateur, ordinary. quality tool well-known manufacturers it is expensive, but it is convenient, practical, durable.
What instrument should be at home?
Hammers
The hammer, perhaps, can be attributed to one of the most ancient man-made tools. It has been performing its functions for hundreds of years, and during this time its purpose has not completely changed, meanwhile, this tool has also undergone an invasion of modern technology.
- The first place, in terms of prevalence, is occupied by locksmith hammers (which differ square section with one-sided bevel of the striker).
- The next position is occupied by nail hammers.
- This is followed by wooden mallets, sledgehammers, as well as rubber-faced models and hammers used by masons and tilers.
For the manufacture of imported and domestic products High Quality use hardened steel, their heads and handles are of high quality workmanship, convenient form handles and excellent balance (the latter factors are of particular importance for a professional tool).
Some models have a notch on the striker to prevent the tool from slipping during impact.
Video about the types of hammers:
Screwdrivers
When working with threaded connections, all kinds of screws and screws, it is simply impossible to do without screwdrivers, which have become a household tool of special importance.
The tool must be selected in accordance with the shape and size of the slot of the hardware:
- The simplest slot is considered a straight, simple slot.
- The most common is cruciform (PH type).
- The slot can also be a reinforced cruciform, similar to a cross with a star superimposed on it and rotated by 45 degrees (PZ type).
To check the fit of the screwdriver to the slot, just insert the tip of the screwdriver into it. A screwdriver is suitable if the plasticine is squeezed out completely.
The practice of an experienced home craftsman has shown that it will be enough to have three screwdrivers with a straight “sting” and two Phillips screwdrivers in the collection.
When turning a screwdriver, it often skews relative to the axis of the screw being screwed in, so it is preferable to choose long tools: it is convenient to hold them strictly along the axis of the screw, ensuring reliable contact with the hardware.
It is better to choose screwdrivers whose tips and shafts are made of chrome vanadium steel (corresponding heat treatment ensures the hardness and strength of the tool). In branded screwdrivers, as a rule, the tip is processed in a special way to improve grip with fasteners. This tool may have wooden or plastic handles.
The practice of an experienced home master showed: the best option when working with electrical plastic handles covered with rubber. The polypropylene handles with resilient pads are characterized by a rounded triangular shape that perfectly matches the shape of the palm.
At electrical work it is best to use an indispensable small probe screwdriver, which allows you to detect wire and parts under electrical voltage.
Video about a set of screwdrivers for a home workshop:
Marking and measuring tools
In any home workshop, the essentials are steel rulers, whose length is 300 - 600 mm, and, of course, pocket tape measures, their length is 2 - 8 m. And not very convenient folding rules are now a relic of the past.
A versatile household tool is a caliper that can measure the diameter of a hole in a wall or drill, the depth of a groove, the thickness of a board or steel sheet. For carpentry and locksmith work, squares are often used to measure angles.
But, since for modern finishes exact dimensions are required, during home repairs you will need a level. A flexible water level is leveled at small distances between measuring points. It includes a flexible hose, at the same time, light graduated tubes are inserted into its ends, clogged with stoppers.
Rake-level is a durable and accurate metallic profile with a measuring flask built into it, having a liquid and an air bubble.
The length of this most popular measuring tool is 40 - 100 cm. For 1 meter of length, the error professional levels is, as a rule, 0.5 mm, household - two times lower.
Marking on wood is usually done with a chalk or pencil, on metal - with a hardened scriber made of tool steel, as well as with a center punch.
In addition, at finishing work beating is done using such a specific tool as a paint cord, which is also useful to have in your own home workshop.
Video review of the marking tool:
Pincers, pliers
Any household work is not complete without ticks. Home repairs, plumbing, electrical, carpentry and joinery, metalworking - all these works cannot be done without irreplaceable pliers.
The most versatile pliers are considered to be pliers that perform the functions of both pliers and wire cutters - notches with teeth allow you to wrap thin rods, couplings and small ones, the handles are insulated with plastic, which ensures safety during electrical work.
Pliers are pliers with "sponges" having a pyramidal shape, a rectangular section and notches on internal surfaces. They are convenient and reliable to capture and bend wire, sheet metal.
Carpenter's tongs (nippers) pull nails out of wood. Round-nose pliers are needed for making contact loops on electrical wires and etc.
An interesting video, how wire cutters, pliers, pliers and tongs differ:
Spanners
The most common type of wrenches are adjustable wrenches with a smooth mouth, which are designed to capture nuts and bolts, the diameter of which, in millimeters, is 25 - 30, no more.
In this case, the regulation of the distance between the "sponges" of the key is carried out using the built-in worm-and-rack gear.
The versatility of this home tool hides its weakness - if you try to turn the nuts too tight, the key may be damaged.
Another common variety wrench considered pipe (gas) lever.
The support of his movable "sponge" falls on a trapezoidal thread with a nut. Due to the pincer design of the wrench and the ability to apply the effect of wedging the part, this tool is convenient to use when working with very tight threaded connections.
When doing homework, use keys designed to clamp pipes with a diameter of 36 - 50 mm, no more.
Video about all types of keys:
P.S. We have considered the most necessary tools that should be in every home.
But this list is not complete. Each House master can complement the workshop with its repair tools and hobbies.
An overview of ten useful tools that will be useful to the master of the house. Unusual tools in this Chinese shop.
China Nai channel video
According to reviews, it works faster than GOI paste. Needed for polishing steel alloys, precious metals, ceramics, glass and even plastics. Designed to remove scratches and bring to a mirror finish almost any surface. knives, decoration, glasses, polish plexiglass, mirror, Cell Phones, car headlights. He does not take only sapphire crystals of watches. The paste can be of different grain sizes. Green need for group polishing deep scratches, and white - for fine polishing and bringing to a mirror finish. Paste cannot be applied to the part itself. It should be applied to a polishing wheel or a soft cloth. For best effect you need to use a special nozzle for polishing on a drill.
2.Water leakage alarm
Complete set for emergency shutdown water in the event of a leak. The set includes a controller, 2 motorized shut-off ball valves, for cold and hot water. 8 sensors for water detection. Cranes are mounted at the entrance to the house. And sensors are installed under all cranes. Under the bath, sink, toilet. Wherever there is water. There are half an inch by 3 quarters. Choose the size you need. With such a signaling, it will become almost impossible to flood the neighbors.
3. Set of cutters
5 quality tools from high speed steel. Clamped in the chuck of a drill or dremmel. Made in the form of rasps. With coarse and large notches. Which cutters are useful for processing wood and sawing recesses and channels in it.
4. Wire stripping tool
High quality wire stripper. The blade is made of thick steel and will last a very long time. Stripping allows you to remove insulation from wires, cores, make longitudinal cuts. The tool is professional, so the price for it is appropriate.
5. Voltage indicator in a screwdriver
Inexpensive, useful screwdriver with a voltage indicator. The probe allows you to find the phase in the outlet, determine the presence of voltage in the wire, ring the cable for integrity. He has a flashlight to illuminate working area. Works with direct and alternating voltage.
6.Automatic multimeter
This is the cheapest model with automatic voltage measurement range change. Very compact. Runs on two 3A batteries. In addition to the main additional functions. This is a dialer with a squeaker, a diode test or a water flashlight and non-contact indicator voltage. There are also disadvantages. These are non-removable probes and a small current measurement range. Up to 200 milliamps in total. Excellent pocket multimeter model, indispensable at home and at work.
7. Angle vise
Useful fixer for setting right angles at 90 degrees. The lips open up to 65 mm. With the help of such discs, you can quickly fix sheets of plywood, chipboard and slats. At the right right angle. And do not ask a friend to keep the alignment. You can handle it yourself.
8. Non-contact induction heater
Allows you to make an induction furnace for melting non-ferrous metals. Operates on DC voltage 12-48 volts. We need currents under 20 amperes. Therefore, ideal car batteries. Be sure to make the heater water-cooled. And then he melts himself. The furnace is used to melt a small amount of metal. Or for heating metal products for the purpose of their hardening and tempering.
9. Table circular saw
Small tool, powered by direct current 12-24 volts. The depth of the saw is small, only 11 mm. Due to the presence of a guide, it is possible to cut duralumin evenly. Wood, printed circuit boards. Useful for the manufacture of rails or cutting sheet material.
10. Soldering iron with automatic solder supply
Pistol greatly simplifies the soldering process. Frees the other hand. With it, you don’t have to hold solder or constantly chase a sting after it. It will be useful for those who often and a lot of soldering. Soldering irons of this type are often used in factories and significantly reduce the assembly time of electronics. Power 60 watts.
To work in the country and the garden always requires a mass various tools. The quality of the cultivated land, the amount of the future harvest and the expended effort depend on the right tool.
Tools used in tillage
To use the tool for working in the country correctly, you need to know what it is intended for, because it will be difficult to dig up the ground, for example, with a shovel.
shovels
The most necessary tool in the country, of course, is a shovel.
Most often they use sapper, shovel and bayonet, and the latter can be with a rounded and rectangular bayonet.
Scoops are usually used when you need to collect something (for example, garbage or snow), load, mix or transfer. They look exactly the same as the scoop, only larger and with a long handle.
Dig up with a rounded bayonet shovel solid ground, dig up the crop, and it can also cut small roots, due to the sharply ground end.
A rectangular bayonet shovel is used in the country for digging loose soil.
All types of bayonet shovel are flat and completely vertical, only on the upper part of the bayonet there are edges bent to one side - to stop the leg during digging.
Shovels are usually made of steel, of stainless steel and titan. The latter are the best in quality, have a light weight and dirt practically does not stick to the surface, but they are not cheap.
Advice ! Do not purchase shovels made of aluminum, as they are fragile and will not last very long.
The handle of a shovel is most often made of wood. A handle can be added at the end Y-shape so that you can better make efforts to dig up solid soil. The main thing is that the stalk is processed with high quality, without protruding knots and splinters. It is not recommended to buy spades with handles painted with varnish or paint, as they will slip in your hands.
Another type of shovel is a drainage one. Already from the name it becomes clear that it is used to create trenches and clear debris. Her bayonet has an elongated shape with rounded edges and a rounded end.
Important ! When choosing a shovel, try it on yourself, it should be 10 cm lower than your shoulder.
A sapper shovel is used for digging holes or transplanting small plants.
Forks, choppers, flat cutters
Pitchfork - another one of the most essential tool for giving. Straight tine forks can be used to dig up hard ground, with long and curved forks to stack hay, and with short and curved tines to work with compost.
Pitchforks are often used to dig up vegetables, as there is less chance of cutting them, and they also remove loose debris.
Attention ! Buy solid metal villas and preferably carbon steel. The distance between the teeth should be the same, just like their length.
Among the important tools for giving and gardening is a chopper (hoe). It is used for removing weeds, hilling plants, loosening, breaking up lumps and creating furrows. The design of the chopper consists of a handle on which the tip is mounted at a right angle.
When buying a chopper, pay attention to the blade, it should be at least 2-3 mm thick.
A flat cutter is an amateur tool, someone other than him doesn’t use any other tool for giving, but someone didn’t like it at all, especially the owners really solid ground. It looks like a metal bracket attached to the handle.
It is very important to buy the original of this instrument, and not a fake, which absolutely nothing can be done.
Rake
Rakes in the country house and garden level the ground after digging, break up earthen clods, collect garbage.
Metal rakes are produced with straight and twisted teeth, as well as various grip widths. It will be more convenient to collect garbage with a rake with straight teeth, and loosen the ground with twisted teeth.
Fan rakes are used only for cleaning, for example, grass and foliage.
Secateurs, loppers, garden shears
What these tools for home and garden have in common is sharp blade. All of them should leave behind a neat cut that does not harm the plant.
Loppers - a tool for cutting thick branches. It has both blades sharpened.
Secateurs are bypass and persistent. In the bypass one blade is notched, and the second is convex. This secateurs cut young branches. The persistent pruner has one blade, and the lower part is made in the form of a stop. It is used for cutting dry branches.
Pruning shears are a tool for trimming shrubs. They create masterpieces from bushes in the form of various balls, pyramids or other figures.
When choosing secateurs, pay attention to the manufacturer, as it is better to buy Finnish, Swedish or German tools.
Advice ! Try on the scissors on your hand to feel the handles, if they are pressed into the palm of your hand.
Saws, hacksaws, knives
Garden saw and hacksaw to help clean old bush or a tree. For any saw, the main requirement is a smooth cut. After cutting, there should not be a sticking out in different sides bark or chips.
The saw cut is strongly influenced by the size of the teeth, the smaller they are, the smoother the cut will be.
The garden saw and hacksaw have a rounded end so as not to damage the tree while cutting a branch, and also tapers towards the end.
Important ! Constantly monitor and sharpen the saw teeth in time, otherwise you can damage the plant.
You should always keep a knife in your country house and be sure to be very sharp. They can, for example, harvest or clean a wound on a tree before treatment.
Cultivators
You can loosen the earth not only with a shovel, but also with a cultivator.
A manual cultivator consists of several rotating discs (usually made in the form of stars) attached to the handle, and a special knife for cutting the roots. Happen with different width capture.
You can buy petrol or electric cultivator. They are issued different sizes and power. Lighter ones are used for small areas with soft soil, and heavy ones can be used on hard soils, and many different nozzles are attached to them.
Small and other tools
Be sure to have a set of small tools in the country. They will always be needed for working with seedlings and transplanting small plants.
You will also need the following tools:
Non-standard tools
Unusual tools for cultivating the land in the country include a light digger and a potato digger "Farmer".
The light cop is called a miracle tool for giving, as they can dig up the ground several times faster, while spending much less effort and without straining your back.
Outwardly, it looks like a wide pitchfork, but with a curved handle in order to lean with two hands at once. The handle is made from a hollow tube to lighten the weight of the tool.
There is also a special step (pressure bar) on which you will need to lean with your foot.
The light cop is 60 cm wide and 135 cm high.
The entire structure is covered powder paint for corrosion protection.
The tool for the garden and summer cottage "Farmer" replaces several types of equipment at once (fork, shovel, rake), and also facilitates the work, since you can dig without using your hands.
There are special adjustments on the instrument to change the destination.
Storage of garden tools
Any garden tool for home and garden must be properly stored, then it can last for many years.
Preparing an instrument for storage consists of several steps:
- cleaning from dirt, grass or other debris;
- drying (each part of the tool must be thoroughly dried, so the wooden parts will not rot, and the metal ones will not corrode);
- lubricant metal tools oil.
Hacksaws, secateurs, saws are best stored in cases. If there are petrol saws or cultivators, it is recommended to drain the fuel.
An important role is played by the way the tool is stored. It is desirable that each tool be suspended.
The storage area must be completely dry and dark.
garden organizers
To avoid wasting time searching the right tool, you need to make or buy special organizers and shelves for storage.
The organizer board has long been used in the kitchen, office and for storage. garden tools it also fits perfectly. It has a lot of cells in which you can put a small tool. Thanks to its small design, it can be hung anywhere.
Wall garden organizers can have not only cells, but also shelves. There are also box organizers with large quantity boxes.
In principle, most organizers can be made by hand.
So, for example, wooden pallets can be used to store large and long tool(shovels, forks). In order for the pallet not to fall, it is better to fix it to the wall.