What green manure is suitable for potatoes? We increase the yield of potatoes - the best siderates for crops Potato siderates

It is no secret to anyone that gardeners use all the means available to them to increase productivity, taste, and growth of potatoes. Some use growth stimulants, some heavily fertilize the soil. However, the most simple solution is planting , in particular, .

The gardener is armed not only with mustard

Many use clover, the seeds of which you can collect yourself.

It is also worth noting that other plants can be used as green manure herbs:

• rye;
• peas;

All of these types are great for fertilizing the site, enriching useful substances.

About green manure

It's time to mow the mustard.

The plant is a widely used spice that is known to most as culinary seasoning . However, culture has many other virtues and uses.

In the conditions of the middle lane, the plant has long been used as a fertilizer. The spice perfectly nourishes the soil, cleanses from infections, pests.

It is worth noting that there are several types of seasoning, however, in latitudes Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova the white subspecies is mainly grown.

white mustard

Sinaris alba - white mustard has the ability to remove phosphates from the soil, which are difficult to dissolve, and also accumulate these phosphates.

Mustard quickly gains plant mass and displaces weeds.

At the same time, the entire green part of the plant contains a significant part of the nitrogen, which implies the relationship of the culture to the green manure class. Culture is maximally adapted not only to the southern climate - grows and develops well middle lane temperate climate. It is worth noting that the lack of control over its reproduction can create problems, since the seasoning is able to develop on its own, turns into a weed.

blooming mustard

The content of nitrogen and phosphorus, useful properties

Gardeners and gardeners, as a rule, use spice for soil enrichment with nitrogenous and phosphorus substances.

After digging, all accumulated in the tops useful elements pass into the soil.

The green part placed in the soil contributes to the nutrition of garden and horticultural crops during the most vulnerable period of development. It is possible to identify the main plant properties :

• preventing the growth of weeds;
• improvement of soil structure;
• leaching obstruction;
• use as mulch;
• honey plant;
• growth stimulator for horticultural and horticultural crops.

The best would be a mixture of green manure: oats, mustard and more.

Due to the excessive development and growth of green manure prevents the growth of weeds, improves soil structure , prevents leaching due to the fact that it can retain nitrogen. And also dry stems can serve as a mulching shelter and protect plantings from frost.

Among other things, flower stalks attract bees, and this contributes to pollination.. During the active phase, the spice acts as a protection against insects and fungal spores, and stimulates the growth phase.

Cultivation of green manure

It is quite easy to breed a culture, so even the most inexperienced gardener can grow a plant.

Siderat grows equally well on any type of soil, tolerates any climatic conditions as well as possible.

Significantly, contrary to popular belief, the plant is being planted and not sown. To do this, break the rows, the seeds are placed deep, keeping a distance of about fifteen centimeters. Between rows, the distance should be twenty centimeters.

Planting features

Mustard seeds are about half the price of phacelia.

It should be noted that after planting, you can ignore the beds for about 20 days, since the germination rate is very high.

You can not worry about late frosts due to high frost resistance- five degrees below zero, while the green mass is minimally damaged. If created for landings comfortable conditions, then over time, spreading bushes appear.

At the same time, grains should not be placed very deep, this can slow down seedlings.. Seed material is placed at a depth of one and a half centimeters on sandstones and one centimeter on clay. The first sprouts can be expected after a week.

Mustard planting dates

If mustard is subsequently used as a fertilizer, then it should be planted in the spring - in April.

Spring planting mustard.

It is necessary to wait for the period when the average temperature regime air will be set within ten degrees and land. Raw materials for fertilizer will be ready in 7 weeks. It is worth remembering that the neighborhood with cabbage, radish, radish, lettuce and other cruciferous species, therefore, such crops should not be planted in place of mustard.

Autumn landing

In autumn, green manure is planted after harvesting potatoes or cereals. Thus, the site is updated.

At autumn planting shoots will appear in the spring, as soon as the earth warms up.

In addition, planting can be carried out in the fall and left for the winter, so that the bushes come up in the spring. The main danger is timing error. Seeds are introduced into cold, loose soil and left dormant until spring. It is important not to provoke freezing of the material, so it is recommended to increase the planting depth.

Among other things, the depth is increased for another reason. By spring melt water erode the upper soil layers and can wash out the seeds.

Proper planting of green manure after potatoes and fertilizer

1. As soon as the potatoes have been harvested, you need to clear the garden of weeds, the remaining dry tops and other debris.

   At the site of planting mustard, you need to dig up the soil and select the roots of the weeds.

2. By means of a rake, you need to level the soil. If the area is large, you can use harrows or other equipment.

   After harrowing with a rake, we make shallow grooves.

3. After that, you can sow the seeds. Long funnels are made with a chopper or special equipment. Grains are placed deep into the funnels, keeping a distance
   

   spraying

   But it is also worth remembering that green manure is constantly need hydration, since dry stems impede the decomposition process and do not contribute to the rapid nutrition of the soil. If the site has not been cultivated for a long time, land tends to be poor , therefore, together with mustard, it is advisable to introduce compost with earthworms that multiply rapidly. It must be remembered that one mustard is not able to solve all problems, so an integrated approach should be applied.

Potatoes are popular vegetable crop, which loves nutritious land that is not littered with pesticides. It is grown in most regions of the country both on small household plots and large agricultural enterprises.

In order for the potato to grow successfully and bear fruit, it should be fed correctly and in a timely manner.

Siderates are plants that are sown in a fertile upper layer land in order to improve its quality characteristics. Such crops close up in spring or autumn during plowing. When the plant mass rots, a lot of nutrients useful for those vegetables that will grow in this area in the future.

The benefits of green manure for potatoes

Green manure is an environmentally friendly fertilizer, actively used in agriculture and horticulture. Their use allows:

• enrich the earth with mineral components (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus);
• ensure reliable protection crop from fungus, infections and pests;
• resist the emergence of weeds;
• restore the normal acidity of the earth.

Green manure plants include crops of the following families:

1. cruciferous;
2. cereals;
3. legumes;
4. aster;
5. buckwheat.

Annuals are actively involved in the fertilization of potatoes:

• rape;
• colza;
• phacelia;
• lentils;
• alfalfa;
• rye;
• wheat;
• mustard.

Sowing of top dressing plants is of the following types:

1. Self-sufficient: the auxiliary crop grows separately from others throughout the season.
2. Mixed: green manure is planted simultaneously with the main crop.
3. Intermediate: sowing "helpers" is carried out in the off-season.
4. Rocker: alternate vegetable rows with green manure.

Thanks to green manure, the quality of the soil improves, the fruits of potatoes on the renewed and enriched with useful substances soil are better formed and ripen, the yield of potatoes increases several times.

Yield boost

Plant siderates of the legume, cruciferous, and cereal families help to increase productivity. Their decay products in terms of nutritional value can replace almost any organic top dressing.

Often sown on the territory for potatoes:

• vetch;
• field peas;
• buckwheat;
• mustard;
• alfalfa.

When rotting, such crops form nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. They are sown in autumn after harvest.

Protection against pests and weeds

In order to protect the future crop from harmful insects and weeds are planted:

1. lupins, phacelia: they protect fruits from damage by nematodes;
2. flax: saves potatoes from the Colorado potato beetle;
3. mustard: relieves attacks of slugs;
4. peas, buckwheat: fight weeds;
5. oilseed radish, rapeseed: help get rid of fungal diseases of tubers.

Green manure suitable for potatoes

All families of green manure are well suited for potatoes, except for nightshade. When choosing a fertilizer, be sure to take into account the purpose of its use. Experienced agronomists advise making a mixture of plant seeds and sowing the entire territory with it at the same time.

Legumes

Plants of this family are better suited for potatoes than others. Effective top dressing are:

• Vika: restores the structure of the soil, prevents its destruction, performs a protective function.
• Sweet clover: improves the condition of the earth, enriches it with nutrients, protects potatoes from nematodes and wireworms.

Green manure should be used depending on the presence or absence of good nutrition for seedlings. Fertilizers can be combined with each other to achieve the most best result.

cruciferous

Representatives of this family have a beneficial effect on the composition of the soil, and also relieve potatoes from viral diseases, prevent the appearance of pests in tubers and tops, and contribute to an increase in green mass.

From cruciferous for potatoes are suitable:

1. white mustard: helps to increase the volume of dry matter in the tops, loosens the soil, prevents the growth of weeds.
2. Oilseed radish: makes the soil looser, helps to moisten it.

cereals

Among the cereal siderates, the most popular are:

• Rye: promotes formation and accumulation in the ground organic matter, increases the content of nitrogen in the soil.
• Oats: is the source organic compounds, adversely affects weeds, eliminates nematodes, fungus, scab, rot damage to the root system.

Cereals after their cultivation form a nutrient mass, which in its nutritional value is equivalent to manure.

Phacelia has a positive effect on potatoes. It ripens quickly, gives a large amount of fertilizer. The plant is unpretentious to weather conditions, resistant to cold, serves as fodder for livestock.

Potato field sideration technology

Siderates for potatoes are brought in in the spring autumn period.

How to prepare the soil?

The level of preparation of the fertile layer depends on the season in which the fertilizer is sown. In the spring, the soil should be dug up well, let it warm up. In autumn, this manipulation should not be carried out.

How to choose siderat?

Any of the above green manures is suitable for potatoes. When choosing a fertilizer, consider:

• soil composition;
• its saturation with organic matter and minerals;
• susceptibility to the negative effects of pests.

For clay soil and loam will be useful phacelia. On sour, it is better to plant crops of the legume family (vetch, peas, clover, sweet clover).

In the spring, green manure is sown in plowed, well-heated land. For better seed germination, beds 7 cm deep are made before sowing. In autumn planting material they simply scatter it on the territory, mixing it with manure.

Fertilization is of the following types:

1. Full: growing plantations are embedded in the soil to a depth of 10 cm.
2. Mowing: immediately before plowing, fertilizers are mowed, scattered over the entire area of ​​​​the field.
3. Otavnoe: only green manure roots are used as top dressing.

Why bring in the spring?

Siderates for potatoes planted in spring grow more actively and give more green masses, effectively protect the fields from pests. Planting potatoes is carried out after the plants rot and soak into the soil.

Can it be planted in autumn?

Siderates for potatoes in the fall, after harvesting, must be planted. Vegetable top dressing is useful in that it gives the earth the opportunity to rest and be nourished with useful substances formed after the decay of the green mass. Sowing green manure is carried out 1-1.5 months before the onset of frost.

The main mistakes when siderating potatoes

To plant nutrition has benefited and improved the quality of the soil, it is necessary to strictly observe the main rules for its planting.

When growing "green manure" for potatoes, you can not:

• To allow the height of their stems to be exceeded: a large amount of plant green mass in the ground does not decompose, but turns sour. Plants must be plowed into the ground in a timely manner.
• Use sunflower as a fertilizer.
• Use the same green manure for all types of soil.
• For several years in a row, sow only one type of fertilizer.
• Allow flowering and seed formation on green manure.

Green manure crops are sown regularly, they need to be alternated every year.

The effect of planting such crops occurs only after a few seasons.

Siderates after potatoes

In autumn, after harvesting, the land is significantly depleted. To restore its fertility and saturate the soil with useful substances, it is permissible to plant any type of green manure.

Unwanted neighborhood with other cultures

It is not recommended to plant tomatoes next to potatoes. This is due to the fact that these vegetables have common enemies: late blight, Colorado potato beetles. Many vegetable growers do not recommend using cereals as green top dressing (except for oats and rye).

The use of green manure on the site increases the yield of potatoes, affects taste qualities vegetables. Plant fertilizers are environmentally friendly, do not harm human health and can fully replace agricultural chemicals.

So, the harvest is harvested, the weeds and the remains of plant crops are removed, the land in the garden remains empty. Should it be left alone until spring? We offer a solution that will help enrich the soil on your site with useful substances and reduce weed growth for the next season.

Recently, it has become very common to sow empty plots in vegetable gardens with green manure plants. We will consider what kind of plants they are, why they are needed, and the best way to sow a garden in the fall in order to increase the yield by next year.

From the article you will learn:

• 1 A few words about what green manure is
• 2 What plants can be called green manure
• 3 When to sow green manure
• 4 Rules for the successful use of green manure
• 5 Conclusion:
• 6 Interesting video on this topic
• 7 See also:
• 8 We also recommend reading:

A few words about what siderates are

Siderates are plants that are actually living fertilizers. They help increase productivity. Experienced gardeners sow them after harvesting at the end of August,

green manure

autumn or in early spring before planting the main crops in the ground. Siderates are allowed to grow, and then plowed into the ground. This must be done before flowering, because young plants decompose faster.

In the process of decomposition, green manure enrich the soil with various micro and macro elements, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. In this case, among other things, useful soil microorganisms are activated. But it is important to keep in mind that the amount of greens should not be too large, otherwise it will not overheat, but will turn sour.

What plants can be called green manure

Green manure includes rye, white mustard, peas, buckwheat, fodder beans, alfalfa and even corn with sunflowers. Weeds such as nettles can also be called green manure: if nettles are mowed before flowering and

Phacelia is a summer resident's assistant and an excellent green manure.

introduced into the soil, it will not only become a fertilizer, it will also scare away slugs with snails from plantings.

Have you heard the opinion that rape depletes the earth? At industrial cultivation perhaps so, but if you plant it as a green manure, but mow it in time, and introduce it into the soil, then this destroyer of useful substances will turn into organic fertilizer, bringing phosphorus and potassium to the ground.

In general, many agronomists claim that each plant can be used as green manure. The main thing is to sow it in time and plant it in the soil. In this case, it is important to remember that green manure must get into the ground young. For example, if you sow corn or sunflower as green manure, then it is important not only not to bring it to flowering, but also not to let the plants harden, otherwise, when plowing, you simply cannot kill them.

When to sow green manure

Usually green manure is sown either in early spring (before planting crops) or immediately after harvest (second half of August, September, until mid-October). Planted in the spring give a little undergrowth and close up in the soil a week or two before planting. Planted in August and early autumn green manure (peas, beans, sunflower, sweet clover, corn, alfalfa, lupins) are plowed up or left before winter (rye, mustard, buckwheat, rapeseed).

By the way, if you sow buckwheat in the garden for the winter under potatoes, next year you will save planting from such

buckwheat and lupine

attack like a porsha. If you use rye, the earth will be enriched with nitrogen, rape - potassium and phosphorus. Wheat is also sown under potatoes for the winter.

These plants can be planted from early September to mid-October. Therefore, if you were unable to sow the empty plots of the garden earlier and are thinking about the best way to sow the garden in the fall before winter, choose buckwheat, rye or other cereals. They will not only serve as organic fertilizers, but also keep the snow from weathering from the garden in winter.

For landing times, check the weather. Plants need to catch more or less warm nights, otherwise they will not have time to sprout and grow.

You can generally alternate planting green manure: plant one, for example, corn, mustard or peas immediately after harvest, for example, in July or August. Mow this thing when it grows up, plant it in the soil, and then sow rye or buckwheat in this place. Thus you will spend the present complex fertilizer soil organically.

Rules for the successful use of green manure

When deciding what is the best way to sow a garden in the fall, it is important to remember the following rules for the use of green manure plants:

Conclusion:

Deciding to sow the garden in autumn with green manure plants, as a result we will get a fertilizer of organic origin, which:

• saturate the soil with useful substances no worse than manure;
• will help us fight pests of root crops;
• reduce the acidity of the soil;
• slow down the invasion of weeds;
• loosens heavy soils;
• retain moisture in sandy soils.

Potatoes are grown in more than one hundred countries around the world, located in different climatic zones. This crop is actively cultivated by farmers in Russia, because for growing good harvest potatoes, it is enough to observe unpretentious agricultural technology and take care of fertilizing the soil prepared for planting tubers in a timely manner. Vegetable growers pay special attention to the last issue, since the quality and yield of potatoes largely depend on the balance of minerals in the soil.

AT last years gained popularity for achieving healthy and fertile soil. AT organic farming green manures are used after potatoes, which are technical ground cover crops with powerful tops and a developed root system. They help protect crops from diseases and prevent pathogens from accumulating in the soil.

Having learned what siderates to sow after potatoes, farmers will be able to significantly increase crop yields and collect more than twenty tons of tubers from one hectare.

Despite the fact that soil manure is not difficult and expensive, only a few farm owners plant green manure in the ground after potatoes in August. Such vegetable growers know firsthand about the advisability of using "green fertilizers". They can on personal example see what benefits green manure bring in a potato field, subject to the agricultural practices of their cultivation.

The rest of the farmers prefer to use expensive synthetic fertilizers to enrich the land. Although this choice allows you to compensate for the lack of trace elements in the soil, it cannot be called affordable, safe and environmentally friendly. By choosing the right green manure for potatoes, the farmer can achieve the same yields as when using fertilizers produced in the shops of chemical plants. In addition to environmental friendliness and availability, green manure plants for potatoes allow you to get other positive results.

Among them:

1. protecting the land from the spread of weeds;
2. improved soil aeration;
3. saturation of the soil with elements that increase fertility - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;
4. well-chosen green manure after potatoes retain moisture in the ground and reduce the cost of irrigating the beds;
5. mechanical improvement of soil structure;
6. optimization of water and air exchange by giving the soil porosity;
7. help in controlling the spread of nightshade crop pests, to which the potato belongs.

Having planted green manure in the field after harvesting potatoes in the fall or before planting tubers in spring time, the farmer will be able to increase the amount of nutrients in the soil without spending a large number funds and time. In terms of efficiency of use, the use of green manure crops is comparable to the introduction of humus into the soil, however, the technology for using green manure is much more simple and accessible than fertilizing the land with manure.

By choosing the best green manure for potatoes, which has a rich vegetative mass, the farmer will be able to see the result of his work in the coming season. Information about what green manure to sow after potatoes and how to increase the efficiency of soil manure will be covered in the next section.

How to choose the optimal green manure crop?

The soil for planting potato tubers should be nutritious and loose. In its composition, the presence of key trace elements and organic substances is desirable. In order to competently prepare the soil for planting tubers, the farmer will have to choose the best green manure for potatoes, guided by the recommendations of leading vegetable growers and agricultural technicians when choosing.

In fact, all green fertilizers are annual plants, which have thick tops and well-developed fibrous root system. Any green manure crop can saturate the soil with minerals and improve it. physical properties. However, when growing potatoes, certain types of green manure cope with the assigned tasks much more efficiently than other crops. The farmer needs to decide which green manure is best sown in the fall before potatoes, in accordance with the specifics of his site and the type of soil present on it. You can read about what other siderates are best planted in the fall. In the literature of the agricultural direction, one can find references to which green manure is best sown for potatoes to get a good harvest.

Among them are the following cultures:

• alfalfa;
• peas;
• mustard;
• phacelium;
• clover;
• lupine, etc.

These plants enrich the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus to the maximum and make it suitable for growing potatoes and other nightshade vegetables. Cereal crops are also suitable - oats, wheat and rye as green manure for potatoes in autumn help improve soil structure and balance its acid-base balance.

From among the crops listed in this section, the farmer needs to determine which siderates to plant after potatoes in the field to achieve the optimal amount of organic matter in the soil. When the farmer finally decided how to plant the field after the potatoes, green manure bought in the store will need to be brought into the ground. The features of planting and the correct embedding of green fertilizers into the soil will be covered further.

Terms of planting green manure and methods of their incorporation into the soil

Having dealt with the problem of what green manure to plant after potatoes, farmers are wondering about the timing of planting green fertilizers. You can answer the question of when to plant green manure under potatoes - in spring or autumn, after reading the recommendations of the leading agronomists of our time. In their publications, they emphasize that when growing potatoes, soil greening can be done both in spring and in autumn. The main thing is to follow the technology of planting and embedding green manure in the future.

Planting seeds of the selected green manure can be carried out in two ways.

The first method is more suitable for spring planting- it involves sowing seeds in shallow trenches (about five centimeters deep).

Farmers use the second method in winter. It consists in spreading the seeds across the field and then covering them with compost. Both the first and second methods involve further watering the sown field to stimulate seed germination.

After the siderats give a sufficient amount of vegetative mass, they are embedded in the ground with a shovel or rake. As a rule, tops are planted 30-40 days after planting. Further, these industrial crops will decompose and release nutrients into the soil in the form of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. For the best result, it is not necessary to loosen the soil too deeply when planting green manure. It is enough to deepen the green mass with a hoe a few centimeters deep. The stems and roots of this technical plant can be left in place.

It is necessary to carry out the incorporation of green manure into the soil before flowering begins. Otherwise, the plant will give seeds and turn from a useful industrial crop into an ordinary weed. It is equally important to deal with the question of how to sow green manure in a potato field for optimal results.

Experts advise not only to correctly choose the timing of planting, but also to accurately determine the amount of green fertilizer.

If the seed rate per hectare is too low, then the farmer will not see the expected effect from the use of green manure. Excess green manure is also undesirable. Congestion of the soil with tops will lead to the fact that the vegetative mass will not decompose, but will also rot. Approximately one hundred square meters land plot it is necessary to prepare about two kilograms of green manure seeds.

Economic benefit from the use of green manure in potato fields

In addition to the obvious practical benefits, soil manure gives farmers a solid economic effect. Having decided which green manure is better to use for potatoes in a particular field, the vegetable grower will be able to reduce the cost of irrigation, the purchase of herbicides and the purchase of highly specialized agricultural machines. Green manure crops are characterized by the simplicity of agricultural technology, so soil enrichment with their use involves minimal labor intensity and maximum financial savings.

Value economic effect depends on the field area and potato yield indicators in a particular region of the country. However, every farmer, regardless of the size of land and the scale of potato production, will be able to note a decrease current investment when switching to green manure during the first year.

Getting a good potato harvest is a hot topic for discussion among modern farmers and vegetable growers. These specialists know that the observance of agricultural practices for growing potatoes is only part of the measures aimed at increasing the productivity of crops. It must be supplemented with organic fertilizers to achieve a better result and collect large and juicy tubers at the end of summer. Therefore, agronomists recommend that farmers make a choice in favor of green manure. Properly selected green manure for potato garden- This The best way get big harvest potatoes. You can find out more about which green manure for which crops to sow.

These green, environmentally friendly fertilizers will make the harvest from the beds not only tasty, but also healthy. By choosing which green manure to sow in the fall after potatoes, the farmer will be able to reduce costs and increase profits in the first year after using green fertilizers.

As you know, siderates are plants that, when certain conditions cultivation can increase the fertility of the land. Therefore, they are often sown after the main crop has been harvested to make up for the loss of soil nutrients and restore the site for the next season. Potatoes are no exception, after which it is also desirable to plant green manure in the fall.

Why sow green manure after potatoes in the fall

After harvesting potatoes, the soil becomes depleted and loses most of its useful minerals. In the fertile soil layer, the amount of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen is reduced. If nothing is done, then next year at this place big harvests not worth the wait.

Also, the bare area becomes vulnerable to the processes of wind and water erosion, the negative effects of cold weather.

All these disadvantages can be minimized if, after harvesting potatoes, green manure is sown in this place.

What green manure can be sown after potatoes

In principle, almost any green manure is suitable for this purpose. But there are some nuances that we will discuss below:

• a good choice would be legumes: lupine, vetch, alfalfa, peas, sweet clover. Their humus is rich in micro and macro elements: phosphorus, nitrogen, protein components.
• cereal plants, such as wheat, timothy, also release useful trace elements into the soil, but in addition to nitrogen. Therefore, the effectiveness of cereals is not as high as bean green manure. In addition, unlike mustard, on the contrary, they can attract such a pest as wireworm.
• cruciferous plants sown on green manure - radish, allow to reduce, enrich its upper layer with phosphorus and potassium. White mustard and phacelia also effectively repel many soil pests - wireworm, onion and carrot flies. Therefore, if you are planning for the next year here, or, then it makes sense to opt for these particular crops.

Sowing green manure and caring for them

It is possible to sow green manure after potatoes in the fall immediately after harvesting. Seedlings will have enough time before frost to gain green mass, which can either be mowed before winter or left in this form under the snow.

The earth needs to be loosened a little, scatter the seeds over the site in accordance with the consumption rates, and then close up to a depth of 2-3 cm.

If there is little rain and the autumn is dry, then it is advisable to water the crops in order to speed up the emergence of seedlings.

any further care no longer required. Let the green manure grow, and all processes will occur in the most natural way.