Do I need to water tomatoes at the end of August. How to feed tomatoes in the open field. How to organize water balance for tomatoes

Today, in almost every garden you can see a greenhouse. The greenhouse is a great tool for getting big harvest vegetables. A lot of people grow tomatoes in greenhouses. The tomato crop in greenhouses is very high, much higher than when grown in open field. However, to get high yields, tomatoes need to be properly looked after. Right greenhouse tomato care consists in watering, fertilizing, organizing necessary conditions(humidity, air temperature, etc.). Features of care in different months are also different. In this article, we will try to cover all this in detail.

Modern greenhouses from polycarbonate create a certain favorable microclimate for tomatoes, which has a very good effect on growth and yield.

To grow tomatoes, the greenhouse must be prepared in advance. Since autumn, they begin to prepare a special soil for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse. Ground requirements are as follows:

• Relative looseness.
• Rich in organic nutrients.

For one square meter it is advisable to add 1 bucket of peat, 1 bucket of rotted manure or compost and 1 glass of wood ash. This is done during the autumn digging. During spring digging, superphosphate and urea can also be added, but this is not necessary.

Caring for tomatoes in a greenhouse in June

June is a very hot month for tomatoes. They have an active growth phase of green mass and the appearance of the first ovaries. In June, it is very important to ensure that the plants do not have a lack of nutrients and that they develop normally. Be sure to loosen the soil more often after watering. For these purposes, a tool such as a Fokine flat cutter is best suited. Loosen the soil should be shallow so as not to damage the upper roots of the tomato. When loosening, be sure to remove all weeds.
It is very important to properly water and feed tomatoes.

Watering tomatoes

Tomatoes are moisture-loving plants, but they do not tolerate too high humidity air and soil. Therefore, they should be watered in a timely manner, but not overdone. In June, tomatoes are watered quite abundantly. At this time of the year, as a rule, it is hot, there is little rain, and plants need a lot of nutrients that enter the roots only in dissolved form, and this requires water. In June, water the tomatoes as the soil dries out. Once upper layer dry, water immediately.

Top dressing of tomatoes

We must not forget in June about such a measure of care as top dressing. During this period, tomatoes are very actively increasing their green mass, and at the end of the month they are already beginning to bloom and form ovaries.

In the first half of the month emphasis should be placed on nitrogenous fertilizers. As a fertilizer, it is best to use urea. For top dressing, add a tablespoon of urea to 10 liters of water, mix thoroughly and water all plants.

In the second half of June, active flowering already begins. Tomatoes, in addition to nitrogen, still need a large number of potassium for the formation of good ovaries.

Potash fertilizers contribute to faster and better education and fruit growth. By introducing potassium into the soil in time, you will greatly increase the yield of your plants. As potash fertilizer It is best to use ordinary wood ash. It should be entered as follows. Small grooves are dug right along the roots of the tomato and ash is poured into them, then the grooves are buried and watered.

Caring for tomatoes in a greenhouse in July

Flowering of tomatoes. A photo.

In July, the growth of the green mass of the tomato slows down, all the strength of the plant is directed to the growth and ripening of fruits and to the growth of stepchildren. And if fruit growth is good, then the appearance of stepchildren is bad. Therefore, stepchildren must be disposed of. The flowering of tomatoes is always accompanied abundant growth stepsons. In July, also continue to actively fight weeds.

July is usually very hot. Therefore, do not forget to ventilate your greenhouse.

Caring for tomatoes in the greenhouse. Leaf clipping.

It is highly desirable to prune excess leaves on plants. This care measure will prevent shading and prevent the development of many infectious and fungal diseases.

Watering tomatoes

In July, watering tomatoes can be much less frequent than in June. The roots of plants by this time already germinate deep enough into the soil. Tomatoes become less demanding for watering. However, severe drought still cannot be tolerated.

Top dressing of tomatoes

Feed your tomatoes in July with potassium guamate. For top dressing, mix 1 tablespoon in 10 liters of water and water the plants 5 liters per 1 square meter of bed. Such top dressing will have a very positive effect on fruit set and increase the yield. Potassium guamate is sold in any store for vegetable growers and summer residents.

Caring for tomatoes in a greenhouse in August

August is the peak of tomato fruiting. Care in the greenhouse for them during this period is practically reduced to zero. Basically, all work will be reduced to the collection and sale of the crop.

However, in August there is a very high risk of infection of a tomato with a terrible disease - late blight.

Watering tomatoes

It should be watered only when it can be seen with the naked eye that everything is dry. By this time, the tomatoes are very well rooted, their roots grow several meters into the soil, they have where to get moisture from.

Top dressing of tomatoes

Feeding tomatoes in August is also not necessary, but desirable. Can do foliar top dressing:

This top dressing is done in order to speed up the process of fruit ripening. The fruits and the plant are simply sprayed with a solution of superphosphate. For its preparation, 2 tablespoons of the drug are taken and mixed in 2 liters of water. The resulting mixture is put for a day, and then stirred with 9 liters of water. This type of top dressing is called foliar.

Also in August, you can feed the tomatoes with yeast.

Caring for tomatoes in a greenhouse Much easier than outdoors. Modern polycarbonate greenhouses themselves create the necessary microclimate for favorable growth tomato. All you have to do is to perform minimal maintenance procedures.

In a greenhouse, you can grow a crop of tomatoes when temperature drops or frosts are already starting on the street. But the greenhouse has one minus, which has a bad effect on the condition of the bushes - this is humidity. Warm air inside, under the influence of cold masses outside, it condenses and dew forms on the leaves. For tomatoes, this is harmful, because when high humidity bushes get sick with a fungus.

Top dressing of tomatoes in August should be carried out in combination with strictly metered watering. In addition, in autumn the bushes are already quite large and the air does not penetrate well between the greens. Whether it is necessary to feed greenhouse tomatoes in August depends on the variety. If there are enough nutrients, and the last ripening fruits remain on the bushes, fertilizers may not be needed.

Fertilizers for greenhouse tomatoes

Top dressing of tomatoes in August in open ground, as well as in a greenhouse, is carried out with liquid fertilizers. Mineral mixtures take time to dissolve, especially potassium and phosphorus. But fewer fruits remain on the bushes, so minerals can only be added with the expectation of the next season.

The fastest acting urea is nitric acid. natural fertilizer, but such nutrition in the fall is not so important, since it affects the state of the green mass. With an excess of nitrogen in greenhouse plants, the tip begins to rot - this is vertex rot - a fungal disease.

To support the remaining ovaries with unripe tomatoes, you can make an extract from the ashes and pour under the root of the plant. This substance is rich in potassium, which is responsible for the taste of vegetables, and phosphorus, which affects plant immunity. AT liquid form nutrients get to the roots faster and get into the tissues faster.

If planted late variety and a large number of fruits remained on the branches in August-September, you need to help them ripen. By this time, the green mass is already beginning to turn yellow. To support the plant, urea is sprayed at the rate of a tablespoon per bucket of water. When new flowers appear, they are pinched, since such fruits will not have time to start and ripen, but they will take away the last nutrients and will not allow larger tomatoes to ripen.

Activities for the care of tomatoes in the greenhouse in autumn

In order to collect the entire planned crop, it is necessary to cut off all non-fruitful shoots, lower drying leaves, stepson shoots, spoiled fruits from the bushes.

Tomatoes ripen a couple of weeks faster if they are sprayed blue vitriol in dilute concentration. This approach not only encourages autumn harvest, but also protects the bushes from phytophthora.

Carefully! After treatment with copper sulphate, you need to wait 2 to 3 weeks to chemical elements neutralized and only then collect tomatoes for eating

In order not to use chemistry against the fungus, you can grate the garlic heads and insist on water for a day, and then spray the bushes and the soil under them. The solution of potassium permanganate, which is also applied foliarly, delays the development of the fungus.

Video: Tomatoes in a greenhouse in August

Garter of tomato brushes in August contributes to better lighting. In the sun, the fruits turn red faster. Brushes should be turned towards the light so that most of the day they are under the rays of the sun.

conclusions

The owner of the greenhouse always has a choice of fertilizers with which to feed the tomatoes in the month of August, but the main thing is that the mixture of nutrients is balanced and does not provoke diseases in the plants. This can lead to an outbreak of infection in next year and crop loss.

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The birthplace of tomatoes is South America, where wild and semi-cultivated types of vegetables are still found, which is essentially a perennial. Gardeners have long been accustomed to consider the plant an annual, and send plants that have served their work at the end of August to a compost heap.

After all, even if the owner himself does not vomit them, the tomatoes will die from the invasion of pathogens. However, you can try to extend their life and harvest tomatoes both in the greenhouse and in the open field even in the middle of autumn.

Ways to prolong fruiting in a greenhouse

In the presence of heated greenhouses, tomatoes can be grown in one place for 10-12 months. In order to obtain an extension of the harvest, one should choose to cultivate in closed ground, as well as create the necessary conditions in greenhouses.

The use of an inhibitor drug

The use of an inhibitor in greenhouses at the end of the tomato growing season will reduce active growth tops, will contribute to the development of a more powerful root system, will affect the growth rate of fruits. The effect of the drug will last for a month. During this time, the bushes will stop reaching up, become powerful, and fully prepare for the ripening of a new wave of fruits. To apply this method, you must:

• at the end of August, in a specialized store, purchase the drug "Athlete";
• in heated greenhouses and greenhouses, collect all red and brown tomatoes, since after treatment with an inhibitor, the fruits will not be eaten for two weeks;
• dilute "Athlete" according to the instructions, spray tomato bushes in the evening;
• after treatment with the preparation, cover the tomatoes with a layer of mulch 25-30 cm, which will protect the plants from moisture evaporation and cooling;
• 10 days after spraying with "Athlete", treat the bushes with Zircon or Epin. Growth stimulants will affect the active ripening of fruits;
• from mid-September, having provided lighting in greenhouses at 15-17 hours a day, continue to care for tomatoes.
• when the air temperature drops outside, provide the plants with heating so that the temperature parameters correspond to 18-24 degrees during the day, at least 16 degrees at night;
• using an inhibitor, carrying out all agricultural practices in the greenhouse, tomatoes can bear fruit until February.

Important!

Growing tomatoes in film and polycarbonate shelters, the gardener saves plants from being affected by many diseases. However, in order to stretch fruiting up to 10 months, preventive treatments with fungicides and insecticides should be carried out in greenhouses. After all, plants affected at the end of the season are difficult to force to bear fruit for a long time.

Withdrawal of stepchildren

Using the method of removing stepchildren on tomatoes at the end of August, you can not only prolong fruiting, but also grow a new tomato plantation in greenhouses. To use this method, you should:

• in mid-August, on each plant in the greenhouse, leave two lower stepchildren;
• bend overgrown tomato branches tightly to the soil, fixing them with pieces of wire;
• mulch the soil under the allotted stepchildren with a layer of 20 cm;
• for the fastest growth of layering, carry out two top dressings with an interval of seven days with urea at the rate of: for 8 liters of water, 1 tablespoon of fertilizer;
• when caring for layering babies, pinch growth points on old tomato bushes;
• at the end of September, fruits begin to pour on grown and strong young plants, and instead of one old tomato, two young ones are obtained;
• in order for the layering to have enough nutrition, carry out foliar feeding every week complex fertilizer high in phosphorus and potassium;
• from the second decade of September, provide additional lighting and heating in greenhouses;
• prolonging the fruiting of tomatoes with the help of removal of stepchildren, applying all the agricultural practices necessary for growing, tomatoes will bear fruit in greenhouses until next spring.

Ways to prolong fruiting in the open field

Starting from the last ten days of July, the air temperature at night begins to gradually drop. During this period, late blight and macrosporiosis spread their spores very quickly, preventing tomatoes from bearing fruit until autumn. In order for the tomatoes to ripen before the onset of the first frost, the gardener needs to make an effort.

Complete protection against fungal diseases

Pathogens destroy tomatoes even before fruiting, therefore, without systematic treatments, get good harvest will not work. And the extension of fruiting is out of the question. To get in the open field decent harvest tomatoes and stretch ripening until autumn, you should:

• planting tomato seedlings permanent place in open ground, add to each planting hole: 10 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium, half a glass of wood ash, 3 g of copper sulfate;
• after full survival of seedlings, carry out the first preventive treatment plants with copper sulphate;
• the second spraying of tomatoes against diseases should be carried out after the mass release of flower brushes with the Tattu preparation;
• the last treatment with a fungicide is carried out at the time of pouring the fruits with the Quadris preparation;
• after the beginning of the ripening of tomatoes, process the plants chemicals it is impossible, therefore, only safe folk remedies should be used;
• every five days, spray with harmless means: whey with sugar, infusion onion peel with hot pepper, milk with iodine, decoctions of herbs;
• at the end of August, night temperatures begin to fall, so to save the heat of the root system, mulch the tomatoes with straw with a layer of 25 cm;
• By alternating treatments against pathogens with top dressing with a complex fertilizer high in phosphorus and potassium, it is possible to extend the fruiting of tomatoes in the open field until the onset of the first frost.

Important!

To prolong the fruiting of ultra-low tomatoes, they can be transplanted into a bulk container, brought into the room, provided with additional lighting and top dressing. Babies will bear fruit on the windowsills until the summer.

Shelter with polyethylene

In many regions, already at the end of August, the temperature on the soil surface drops below zero degrees. Frozen tops of tomatoes stop growing and fruiting. To stretch the ripening of tomatoes, preventing them from dying from frost and attack by pathogens, you should cover the plantations with polyethylene. For this you need:

• in early August, drive stakes along the perimeter of the plot with tomatoes;
• stretch polyethylene on the sticks so that it does not touch the plants;
• after sunset, cover the tomatoes with polyethylene, and remove the device early in the morning;
• cover the soil under the tomatoes with a 30 cm layer of mulch to keep the root system warm;
• from mid-August, carry out spraying against pathogens safe means: tincture of garlic and hot pepper, decoction of horsetail;
• covering tomato plantations at night, treating plants with tinctures and decoctions against disease damage, you can stretch the ripening of tomatoes until late autumn.

1. In the fight against pathogens, live bacteria "Baikal-M1" have proven themselves well. By introducing them into the soil from mid-summer, you can not only get rid of spores that are detrimental to the crop. But also get organic tomatoes with a high sugar content.
2. When covering tomato plantations with polyethylene, you should know that the film can withstand only short-term frosts. When the temperature drops below -6 degrees, old clothes, mattresses, reeds should be thrown on top of the device.
3. To grow tomatoes in greenhouses with an extension of the period, you should select hybrids that are resistant to temperature extremes and short daylight hours.

Do you think just pouring 5 or 7 liters of water on a tomato bush is enough for them normal growth and development? Systematicity, knowledge of the intricacies of gardening and irrigation rules are important here if you plan to end up with a quality crop of tomatoes. That is why it is so important to be aware of the questions that often arise when caring for tomatoes, for example, whether it is necessary to water tomatoes in August. After all, the answers on this matter are very ambiguous.

The subtleties of watering tomatoes

Water is so important to the culture because of its homeland - the South, where tomatoes come from. Plants are thermophilic, susceptible to solar influence, the need for moisture. Therefore, it is rarely possible to get a high-quality crop of tomatoes without systematic proper watering. The matter requires maximum attention, since tomatoes do not tolerate drought, and since August is a hot month, the answer to the question of whether it is necessary to water tomatoes in August is brewing itself.

Features of watering tomatoes in beds

This method is popular with gardeners, because it is simple and effective.

On a bed with planted tomato bushes in 2 rows, 3 ditches are made (along and between the rows). The irrigation hose is placed in the groove, turn on the water and wait until the entire bed is completely filled with water. The framed area turns into a small lake after watering. This technique allows you to well saturate the earth with moisture and provide the plant with comfortable growing conditions.

If you are wondering if tomatoes need to be watered in August, then low-growing varieties are irrigated less from the moment the fruits ripen, and closer to the middle of the month, watering stops altogether. This approach to irrigation makes it possible to achieve uniform ripening of tomatoes, to prevent cracking of fruits, damage to the crop by late blight and violent spotting.

How to properly water tomatoes

The correct watering system is determined by a number of simple but effective rules for growing tomatoes:

1. When irrigating, a stream of water is directed under the root so that the water does not erode the soil.
2. When watering, it is advisable to avoid getting moisture on the leaves and the formed fruits of the plants. Formed dew drops in active sunlight turn into lenses, where it is focused sunlight. As a result, tomatoes get burned, become less resistant to the manifestations of late blight.
3. Tap water for watering the garden is not very good (too hard). It is either defended by adding a complex of fertilizers, or they take water from a well.
4. Watering is organized in the morning at high temperature water room temperature, at low - slightly heated warm liquid. In the evening, irrigation is carried out a few hours before sunset, when the heat subsides. At night, the water is well absorbed and nourishes the roots.

Now you understand whether it is necessary to water the tomatoes in August and how to do it correctly. If you follow the above recommendations, tomatoes will grow quickly and actively.

When and how to water tomatoes

Drying of the soil around the stem of the bush is the first sign of the need for watering. Providing plants with water is a delicate matter. In the case of tomatoes, it is important to allow time between waterings and allow the soil to dry completely. Roast summer time tomatoes are watered abundantly, but rarely - 1-2 times for 7 days, provided that precipitation does not fall. Under one bush pour no less than 5 liters of water.

A fertile harvest is ensured if the irrigation system is organized correctly, and the bush receives a sufficient amount of water resources from the moment the ovaries are formed until the end of the filling.

How to organize water balance for tomatoes

Tips for watering tomatoes in August:

1. In the hot season, the method of drip or underground irrigation will be more susceptible to plants.
2. The crusted earth around the stem of the bush is immediately loosened after rain or watering to provide air access.
3. The frequency of watering should be regulated.
4. Plants in open ground are watered rarely, but plentifully.

Important! Pay special attention to this rule after planting seedlings in the garden and during the formation of fruit ovaries. Remember that frequent irrigation in small volumes adversely affects the development and growth of plants.

For watering tomatoes open area can be used natural resource. Rainwater is a great alternative.

How do you know if a plant is getting enough nutrition?

Having figured out how to water tomatoes in August, you will probably want to understand whether the volume of water allocated to one bush is enough for a tomato. pay attention to appearance plants. Well-groomed tomatoes look great, and those that are hurt in some way begin to wither.

For plants with already formed fruits and those that are already ripe, there is separate circuit glaze. In this case, irrigation is not stopped, but they are organized at intervals of 1 time for four days with a daily volume of water up to 10 liters per bush. it optimal rate for a large harvest.

Thus, we figured out whether to water the tomatoes in August. Now you know how to provide garden plants comfortable conditions for growth and why watering is so important not only in August, but also at other times.

When growing tomatoes, consider the above recommendations and take them into account when deciding how to properly organize the care of tomatoes in the open field.

In August, as in any other month, you will have to try hard to get a good harvest. To begin with, it is worth noting that tomatoes in middle lane Russia is recommended to grow in a greenhouse. Of course, there are a number of areas in which to get delicious vegetables it is possible in the open field - Tambov, Rostov, Voronezh; however, it is better not to risk it. If you live in the Leningrad or Pskov regions, one option is growing in a greenhouse. But this is not enough! In order for the tomatoes to ripen, fertilizers should be correctly applied and various agrotechnical methods should be used to accelerate the appearance of fruits.



A number of problems in tomatoes grown in a greenhouse are due to the fact that plants do not have enough balanced nutrition. Most gardeners act like this: they simply scatter fertilizer on the ground and rake through. But you should not do this - the nutrients will not be absorbed by the vegetables. It is better to feed with liquid means in previously made furrows, and before fertilizing, you must not forget to irrigate.

In the greenhouse at the end of summer, tomatoes have an increased need for potassium. In view of this, it is necessary to fertilize the bushes wood ash or potassium.

If you see that the leaves of the plants have brightened, this signals a lack of nitrogen. Irrigation with a solution of urea will help correct the situation. The lack of phosphorus is manifested in the form of crushing of the leaves and their acquisition of a purple hue. In this case, the introduction of bird droppings will help correct the situation.


Care also consists in ensuring proper watering - it should be carried out only under the root. Moisture can be applied in a standard or drip way. Sprinkling should not be used - it has Negative influence for flowering and fruit set. Among other things, the humidity of the air becomes higher, which leads to the spread of fungal infections.

FORMING A BUSH
Tomatoes require the formation of a bush. If this procedure is not followed, high yield will not. How to conduct a stepchild correctly? Remove any extra shoots that appear in the axils of each leaf. If you do not remove them, a huge mass of leaves and stems will form on the plant, which means that more shoots will appear, and so on ad infinitum. As a result, overgrown vegetables in the greenhouse acquire many flowers and ovaries, but fruits do not form from them. Maybe they are formed, but they do not ripen, which is also bad.


Stepchildren are subject to timely removal - they should not grow longer than 5 centimeters.
After the tomatoes have formed 5 brushes, it is necessary to pinch the tops and limit the growth of the culture in height. As a result, nutrients will go to the formation of fruits. The pinching procedure is quite simple.

The apical buds should be pinched so that 2 leaves remain above each of the brushes.

The leaves are not removed, it is worth getting rid of only the lower yellowed leaves, which make hilling difficult.

You may also be interested in an article in which we talk in detail about why and how to properly stepson tomatoes.

DISEASE PREVENTION
In August, tomatoes suffer from different kind diseases. To prevent their occurrence, you should take some measures.

Prevention of late blight
Caring for tomatoes involves processing the fruits with Acrobat, Oxyhom and Azofos. At the same time, you should not wait until the fruits ripen. As soon as the vegetables begin to turn brown, it is better to switch to the Bordeaux mixture. The last treatment is carried out 20 days before the start of the harvest. In the process of flowering, tomatoes are sprayed with a solution of boric acid.

To protect plants from phytophthora, you should follow 2 simple rules:

When the fruits have gained the required weight, but have not yet turned red, remove them if the temperature outside has dropped below +10 degrees. This is necessary in order to avoid the occurrence of the disease.
Do not plant crops next to potatoes. The disease quickly passes from one plant to another.

Fusarium prevention
It is necessary to protect tomatoes from fusarium. The following sign will help to notice the infection - the plant begins to significantly lag behind in growth.


You can defeat Fusarium in a greenhouse as follows - treat the culture with infusion of celandine and stinging nettle.

It is prepared like this: take a 50-liter container;
put 4.5 kilograms of herbs in it;
fill with 4 buckets of water;
wait a day.
The infusion is mixed with water in a ratio of 1 to 5, and each plant is treated once a week. The tomato should account for a liter of solution.

(To be continued)