There is a lot of humidity in the basement. If the cellar is crying. Effective methods of struggle

To get rid of dampness, you need to carry out a number of preparatory measures. Understand why it appeared, where moisture oozes from and how you can fix it. You will learn about all this from our article.

Dampness is a very unpleasant phenomenon that can destroy the crop stored for storage. If moisture "settles" in the room, this can lead to the destruction of the structure and the deterioration of the health of everyone who regularly descends into the cellar or basement. About why dampness "comes to visit" and how to get rid of it as soon as possible - read in our material.

Dampness in the house - causes

Condensation forms on ceilings, floors and walls for a number of reasons. The most common causes of dampness are the following factors:

ventilation problems. Errors at the design or construction stage lead to the fact that ventilation is disturbed in the room. Most often found next error- Poorly laid floor slabs and construction debris block the ventilation ducts;

With a temperature difference between inside and outside the room, condensation forms on the windows and walls, and this is the first sign that mold will soon appear.

groundwater level rise. In spring and autumn, when basements and cellars begin to flood due to heavy rains, dampness also becomes more active. Poor drainage leads to the fact that water accumulates in underground storages, the level of humidity rises sharply, and the room turns into an eternally damp closed system;

capillary penetration of moisture from the soil or through cracks. If the foundation was erected in violation of technology, then after some time, due to temperature changes, droplets of moisture will appear on its inner walls. Over time, this can lead to partial damage to the walls and even their collapse.

Mold spores can cause many dangerous diseases including cancerous tumors

Why is dampness dangerous?

The appearance of condensate and a characteristic unpleasant odor are only the first signs of impending trouble. Condensation causes the following effects:

mold and fungus appear; temperature regime and the level of humidity in the room; microorganisms harmful to humans multiply; walls, ceilings and ceilings are constantly waterlogged.

Because of what the finish suffers; the destruction of the foundation, walls and ceilings begins.

Concrete surfaces and tiles are most often attacked by molds.

How to get rid of moisture

First of all, all summer residents are concerned about the question of how to remove dampness. There are several reliable ways to eliminate dampness in the cellar and basement, but first you need to find out what caused the appearance excess moisture. To do this, carefully inspect the room:

if water droplets appeared on the walls and ceiling, the reason is in violation of ventilation;
puddles on the floor indicate an increase in the level of groundwater;
drops only on the walls hint at the lack of basement waterproofing.

Now let's take a closer look at ways to eliminate each of the causes.

How to improve ventilation

If the air exchange in the room is disturbed, the easiest way is to improve it by organizing additional ventilation. Basement ventilation there are two types:

natural - involves the use of the so-called. "vents" - holes around the perimeter of the building. Their total area should be about 1/400 total area building; forced - implies the use of special equipment that forcibly pumps Fresh air. Usually used in large rooms.

Installing forced ventilation is an expensive pleasure

To get rid of condensation on the ceiling and walls, you can carry out the following procedures:

thermal insulation engineering networks

Organization of the hood

load-bearing elements

different height

Lowering of the groundwater level

If they enter the premises ground water- this is serious problem, which over time can lead to a partial collapse of the building. In this case, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional measures aimed at strengthening the foundation and pumping out groundwater.

In particular, you will need to do the following:

dig the foundation
organize drainage around the perimeter of the building;
strengthen the foundation; arrange external and internal waterproofing;
make a blind area around the perimeter of the building;
dry the room.

Only qualified specialists can carry out the entire complex of works on the diversion of groundwater.

How to get rid of capillary moisture

If moisture forms on the walls of a building, it means that it penetrates from external environment namely, from soil. To prevent its access to the premises, you can use some of the most popular measures:

usage waterproofing materials - primarily roofing material, linocrom and hydroisol. They are all made from pieces. dense material impregnated with bitumen. The cellar or basement is pasted over as with outside, and from the inside;

protective compounds, which clog pores in concrete, are also considered an excellent "cure" for capillary moisture;

Thanks to these compositions, it is possible to organize both a point effect on the holes through which moisture oozes, and application to all problem areas.

bituminous mastic and polymer resins use for additional protection walls and floors from condensation. These compounds can be applied independently, but they do not always provide required level protection and it is better to supplement them with waterproofing materials;

shielding it is used in especially difficult cases, when groundwater appears in the room simultaneously with capillary action. Protective shields are made of geotextile, concrete or clay.

With capillary penetration, moisture from the floor evaporates and settles on the walls

Basement or cellar exterior waterproofing

Inspect the structure and check the condition of the slopes, downpipes, drainage system and blind areas. If you, in principle, do not have a drainage system, then first start by installing downpipes and slopes. Next, proceed to the protection of the outer walls:

remove the old blind area;
dig a hole about 50 cm wide from outer wall basement;
dry the outer wall;
apply an antifungal composition to it;
paint the wall bituminous mastic, clay or concrete with liquid glass additives;
make a blind area from a sheet of roofing material - fix it 0.5 m above the ground level and take it out of the edges outer wall basement;
fill in the hole.

External insulation can be supplemented with a drainage system

Internal basement waterproofing

After performing outdoor work, it is also possible to insulate the basement or cellar with inside. It is done like this:

dry the room;
remove all loose coatings and whitewash;
find and clear all cracks;
soak the walls with an antifungal drug;
apply a waterproofing compound;
if desired, plaster the walls at a height of 0.5-1 m from the floor.

Instead of applying plaster, you can treat the walls with a waterproofing compound

Floor work to eliminate dampness

If moisture penetrates the walls, hits the floor and evaporates, you should also deal with flooring. The floor and walls should be concreted using liquid glass and only.

You can also follow simple algorithm(in the event that you have a clay floor):

remove a layer of clay about 5 cm thick;
level the floor surface and cover it with two layers of waterproofing film;
sprinkle it on top with clay or fill it with concrete and level the surface.

Use only putty on cement base, since their gypsum counterparts actively absorb moisture

When seasonal flooding of the site use another method:

lay a layer of sand or gravel about 10 cm thick on the floor to protect against groundwater flooding. Add more gravel if necessary if groundwater seeps through the drainage layer;
apply a special waterproofing plaster to the walls;
arrange in the corners of the cellar glass jars with calcium chloride (it will absorb excess moisture). For one cellar, no more than 0.5-1 kg of powder is required;
sprinkle the floor quicklime 1 cm layer - it will absorb excess moisture and dry the room. To combat fungus and mold, you can slake lime right in the basement. Pour some lime into an empty container and fill it with water. The vapors released will destroy germs and mold.

During the release of lime vapor, it is better to leave the room. Go back there in an hour and immediately organize airing for several hours.

Folk methods of dealing with dampness

You can normalize the level of humidity in the cellar using folk remedies:

dry the walls of the cellar with clay bricks. Place 2-3 bricks heated on a fire in different corners of the basement. As they cool, they begin to absorb moisture. To achieve maximum effect, they can be reused; to get rid of mold, treat the walls of the cellar with vinegar or boric acid(dilute 20 ml of acid in 1 liter of water), you can use citric acid(dissolve 100 g of powder in 1 liter of water); take out all the products stored there from the basement or cellar and treat the damp walls with diesel fuel, and then whitewash them.

Elimination of dampness and mold is a rather laborious process. Therefore, you need to take care of the organization of drainage and waterproofing in advance, then you won’t have to deal with high humidity. What are some ways to deal with dampness?

How to get rid of condensation in the cellar? In this article, we will try to find out the reasons for its appearance and find appropriate countermeasures. We have to touch upon solutions applicable at the construction stage and during operation.

A familiar picture? Then this article is for you.

Where does the condensate come from?

The answer to this question contains school course physics.

Along with the concept of absolute humidity (the so-called content of water vapor in a cubic meter of air expressed in grams), there is relative humidity. It is measured as a percentage and allows you to evaluate the ratio of the current amount of water vapor to the maximum theoretically possible.

Why such difficulties? The fact is that the ability of air to hold the hearth in the form of steam changes with changes in temperature. Exactly relative humidity influences a person's perception of the atmosphere as dry or humid: with absolutely the same amount of water per cubic meter of air at +10, the air will be perceived as damp, and at +50 - as overdried.

It is curious: humidity in the range of 60-80 percent is perceived by a person as comfortable.
At the same time, the absolute value of humidity at zero degrees will be several times lower than in the Sahara desert at +45 - 50 (about 3 g / m3 versus 10-15).

What happens to water vapor when the air is suddenly cooled? Anything that exceeds 100% absolute humidity at a given temperature will fall out as dew—fine droplets. It is this process that we observe in the cellar or basement: water begins to condense on the surface, which is much colder than the surrounding air.

So, for moisture condensation, two factors must be present:

A surface whose temperature is significantly lower than that of the bulk of the air in the room.
Enough high humidity this same mass of air.

Why there is condensation in the cellar - we seem to have figured it out. In outline.

However, the study of thematic forums will bring us an unexpected discovery: moisture condensation in cellars and cellars occurs in very different ways.

On the different surfaces. Damp either or the ceiling.
AT different time of the year. If in the off-season the cellar is usually dry for everyone, then there is confusion with summer and winter: for some, condensation appears at the peak of the summer heat, for others, on the contrary, in severe frosts.

Not at all. Simple logic will help resolve the contradiction.

Moisture condenses on the colder surface, remember?

Below the freezing level, the soil temperature is constant and stays at + 8-12 C. That is why, in fact, the crop can be stored in the cellar longer than in the house or barn: the walls and floor in it will have the temperature of the soil.

Now imagine that air is supplied to the room with a temperature of + 25-30 degrees. Ventilation from the street. Guess what happens to the moisture as the airflow cools?

Of course. She will settle on the cold floor and walls.

Why can the ceiling be damp?

Yes, because in the cellar, above which there is no heated room, in winter the ceiling will be significantly colder than air inside. Excess moisture will condense already on it.

The good news is that the humidity of outdoor air is significantly lower than in the cellar due to the lower temperature.
will not cause condensation, but its disappearance.

motives

Do you even need to think about how to reduce the humidity in the cellar?

Why is she dangerous?

The appearance of mold. The fungus (or rather, its spores) are destructive to the respiratory system. In addition, the products stored indoors, devoid of hermetic packaging, will also grow moldy.
Destruction of the floor, walls and ceiling above the cellar or basement. Mold gradually devours even the inorganic components of concrete; decay wooden beams and flooring will not keep you waiting long.

Looks like we still have to get on the warpath.

Solutions

So, how to remove moisture in the cellar?

Ventilation

The air in any room must be renewed. If the cellar is separated from the dwelling wooden deck, it happens naturally, through the cracks in it; concrete floor requires the organization of ventilation.

The total price of all necessary materials will not exceed 600-700 rubles.

The simplest implementation includes:

Two plastic sewer pipes. The diameter is determined by the size of the cellar: with an area of \u200b\u200b5-6 square meters, you can get by with 50 mm, with 20-25 squares it is better to use a pipe with a diameter of 110 mm. The length depends on the height of the ceiling and the thickness of the ceiling above it; usually a 3-meter pipe is enough with a margin.
Two deflectors(these are often sold under the name "mushroom" or "umbrella").

Through the overlappings made by the perforator, the pipes are passed from the street to the room; deflectors are installed after installation is completed. Their function is to protect the ventilation ducts from rainwater.

In addition: the shape of the deflector provides increased traction in windy conditions.

The channels are mounted at different levels: one of them reaches almost to the cellar floor, the second ends under the ceiling. Deflectors, respectively, after installation are also at different heights.

The instruction is related to the need to create a constant draft in the ventilation ducts:

through the higher of the pipes, the air will be removed from the ventilated room;
through the one below - to act.

An important point: it is worth considering the possibility of restricting the air flow. The simplest way to do this is to buy a pair of couplings and plastic plugs for sewers of the appropriate diameter and drill several small holes in each of them. Why is this needed?

Remember: if in winter air comes from the street with a lower humidity than in the cellar, then in summer the picture is reversed. Excess moisture will fall out in the form of the very condensate that we are trying to get rid of. By restricting ventilation, we will drastically reduce its amount; however, it is not worth completely jamming the channels: gases emitted by the soil in high concentrations can be dangerous to health and even life.

What to do if the volume of the cellar is too large for ventilation pipe reasonable diameter?

Install several pairs of pipes in different corners of the room.
Increase air flow through one pair of ventilation ducts by installing in the exhaust pipe duct fan. It is in the exhaust - to avoid its hypothermia or moisture condensation on the motor winding in the winter cold.

Thermal insulation of the floor

Recall: a typical picture in the cellar, the room above which is not heated - cold ceiling with drops of condensation on it. But what if you equalize the temperature of the ceiling with the temperature of the walls and floor?

How to do it? Reliably isolating the ceiling from the cold of the street. Several solutions are possible here.

Internal insulation

Structurally, such insulation is completely identical to the foam coat, which usually covers the walls of residential buildings. For insulation, dense (C-25 and higher) foam plastic, plastic dish-shaped dowels at the rate of 5 pieces per sheet, fiberglass mesh with a 2-mm mesh and cement-based tile adhesive are required. The ceiling is pre-primed with antiseptic primer.

The order of work is usually as follows:

Glue is applied to each foam sheet at several points, after which the sheet is pressed against the ceiling and additionally fixed with dowels. The holes for them are drilled with a puncher directly through the foam.

On the surface of the finished foam insulation wide spatula applied thin layer glue, into which the fiberglass mesh is immediately pressed. It performs a reinforcing function.
The dried surface is completely plastered with the same glue; if necessary, it is painted with any water-based paint or covered with structural plaster.

Insulation in a wooden floor

If over the cellar wooden floor, thermal insulation can be laid between its beams. Mineral wool usually acts as a heater. Doing this work with your own hands is more than easy; the only subtlety is that mineral wool is laid on top and bottom with layers of vapor barrier material.

Insulated screed

In the case of a cellar without any structure above it, insulation is laid at the construction stage.

The same method can be applied if there is an unheated garage upstairs with a sufficient ceiling height, which can be reduced by 12-15 centimeters.

A heater is laid out on the surface of the ceiling - foam plastic with a density of C-35 or extruded polystyrene foam.
It is covered with waterproofing material. Usually dense polyethylene is used.
On supports 3-5 centimeters high (depending on the expected thickness of the screed), a reinforcing steel mesh. As a rule, reinforcement made of wire 5-6 mm thick has a mesh size of 10 centimeters.
Finally, the screed itself is laid out. used ready solution or cement-sand mixture in a ratio of 1:3.

Tip: for greater mobility of the solution, a little is often added to it. liquid soap or washing powder.

dehumidification

What to do if there is condensate in the cellar, while for some reason all the methods listed above are not applicable or have shown their inefficiency?

Let's go back to logic. Moisture condenses on the coldest surface in the room. So let's introduce new factor– a heat exchanger with a temperature lower than that of the ceiling or walls!

How to do it in practical terms? The obvious solution is to use special device- Air Dryer. This is the simplest heat pump that pumps thermal energy from one radiator to another; at the same time, on a colder surface, of course, moisture immediately condenses, which flows into a storage tank or into a drainage tube.

However, a conventional window air conditioner can also be used as a dehumidifier. The old BK-1500 is quite capable of collecting up to 15-20 liters of water per day. Water is drained into a canister or, if possible, into a sewer or drain.

Questions and answers

Let's answer a few typical questions cellar owners ask.

What humidity should be in the cellar?

If it contains canned food, the answer is simple: less is more. But when storing vegetables, the optimal range is 80-95%: they should not only not get moldy, but also dry.

What temperature should be in the cellar in summer?

Not higher than 12 degrees. If on hot days the thermometer creeps up from this mark, it makes sense to take care of the thermal insulation of the upper part of the room.

What should be the temperature in the cellar in winter?

consistently above zero. The reason is obvious: jars of home canning can break with ice, and the crystallization of water in fresh vegetables will not improve their taste, to put it mildly.

How deep should the cellar be?

Ideally, its ceiling should be below the freezing level. With proper thermal insulation of the entrance, the temperature in it will always be equal to the temperature of the ground, and the problem of condensate simply will not arise.

Conclusion

We hope that the material of this article will help the reader. The video in this article, as always, will offer Additional information on the topic we are discussing. Good luck!

Humidity in the basement causes many problems for the owner of the house: from an unfavorable microclimate to cracks in the foundation. According to SNIP, the humidity in the basement should not exceed 65-75%. Only then can we talk about a healthy atmosphere, favorable for people and safe for building materials. If on the walls of the basement appear dark spots, condensation accumulates on the floor and walls, and there is a smell of dampness in the air, it is safe to say that you are faced with high humidity in the basement.
The main reasons for the violation of humidity indicators in the basement:

Poor foundation waterproofing.

The lack of high-quality waterproofing leads to capillary seepage of soil and melt water through concrete base at home. Detecting problems with waterproofing is simple: all basement walls are equally damp, wet spots always form in different places.

Cracks in the walls.

Sometimes the humidity in the basement rises due to a violation of the integrity of the base of the house. Cracks appear in the foundation through which water seeps into the house. In this case, dampness always accumulates in the same places. In some cases, cracks are visible to the naked eye.

Lack of effective room ventilation.

One of the most common causes causing high humidity in the basement. Due to the deep position of the plinth, the absence of slots and air ducts in it, natural ventilation does not provide adequate ventilation. Accumulating in the basement carbon dioxide, the air stagnates, the humidity rises, and condensation occurs due to temperature changes.

Leaking systems of engineering communications.

If sewerage, hot and cold water supply pipes are located in the basement, it is recommended to check their integrity before removing moisture in the basement. Often a leaking pipeline causes high humidity.

The consequences of dampness in the basement

Why, when the owner of the house is faced with dampness in the basement, he starts to sound the alarm? What are the consequences of increased humidity basement floors And how dangerous are they?
If the humidity value in the basement rises above that specified in the SNIP, the following occurs:

Condensation forms on the walls, floor, ceiling.
Wooden structures, finishes based on paper, chalk, clay begin to absorb excess water from the air, swells, changes its structure, after some time, the processes of decay begin, wooden poles lose their strength, turn into dust.
Gets wet thermal insulation material- the thermal efficiency of the object decreases sharply, the basement begins to freeze and ice in the cold season.
Are being created favorable conditions for mold growth and pathogen development.
If agricultural products are stored in the basement, rot and other fruit diseases develop.
Condensation accumulating on metal surfaces causes their corrosion, penetrating rust can completely destroy a metal structure in less than a year.
Water destroys the insulation of the wiring and causes a short circuit, breaking the rules fire safety there is always a risk of fire.
Due to constant dampness, accelerated destruction of the foundation begins, concrete crumbles, loses its strength and ability to withstand high loads, the house begins to sag, walls bend, cracks can “crawl”.

Increased humidity in the basement leads to a significant reduction in the life of the entire house, creates a microclimate that is dangerous for human health. How to deal with it?

How to remove condensation and moisture in the basement?

To cope with moisture in the basement, you should eliminate the cause of its occurrence. Find and repair cracks in the foundation (if water seeps through them), check the internal and external waterproofing, update engineering communications.

The second step is to drain the basement and install effective ventilation. This will protect against rising humidity in the basement in the future. used miscellaneous equipment powered by electricity or liquid fuel eg IR dehumidifiers, heat guns. They quickly cope with the task, but without a good forced ventilation device, the humidity in the cellar will rise again in a day.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a supply and exhaust ventilation equipment. Usually, the fight against moisture in the basement is carried out after completion construction works when it is not possible to create a high-quality centralized ventilation system that captures all the premises in the house, including the basement. And to reduce costs and simplify installation work, it is recommended to choose a "local" solution: equipment that works only in the basement.

At the same time, air ventilation systems dry the air and ensure its healthy circulation. They work in a specific room, do not require complex connections. The principle of operation of the devices is as follows: the device takes in fresh outdoor air, filters and heats it, then with the help of a fan it delivers it to the basement. Exhaust gases are discharged through a specially provided outlet.

With all the advantages of such ventilation, it has a drawback - it consumes a large number of electricity. And if the equipment runs on diesel, then it also forms harmful to humans and environment exhaust. An environmentally friendly and cheap alternative is the use of solar-powered appliances.

Fighting high humidity in the basement: effective and inexpensive

Air solar collectors belong to forced ventilation devices and work according to the principle described above. But at the same time they:

autonomous: do not require connection to the mains,
environmentally friendly: do not produce harmful emissions,
economical: in the process of work they do not consume any paid energy resources.

The appliances automatically turn on every time the sun hits the panel and begin to “blow through” the basement, simultaneously draining it. Humidity in the basement is normalized without any additional financial costs on the part of the owner of the house.

If dampness appeared in the cellar, not everyone knows how to get rid of it. First of all, it is necessary to find out the causes of this phenomenon, because you can deal with the consequences, but soon moisture will still appear on the surface, which will lead to an increase in its concentration in the air. Because of this, the stocks of vegetables and fruits gradually deteriorate, the materials from which the cellar walls are made are destroyed. Having received an answer to the question of why it is damp in the room, you can get rid of the unpleasant consequences of this phenomenon forever. At the same time, stocks of products will remain for a long time.

Causes of dampness in the cellar

Such a nuisance can happen as a result of an increase in the level of air humidity, the formation of condensate on the surface, a leak at the joint finishing materials or structural elements. All these factors are the result of larger problems. Common reasons for increased humidity in the cellar:

Violation of the circulation of air flows. The main symptoms: stale air, the room becomes stuffy. Underground, and even more so at a significant depth, the natural circulation of air flows worsens, which leads to the accumulation of steam in the cellar. This is due to installation errors. ventilation system. Even if at first nothing interfered natural circulation, over time, during the operation of the cellar, communications are clogged with debris, foliage. Because of this, the intensity of air exchange is reduced.
Answering the question why the air in the cellar is highly humidified, the probability of capillary penetration of liquid through the partitions of the structure that are in contact with the soil is also taken into account. main reason This is in violation of the tightness of the walls. It happens that all surfaces are covered with droplets, water drops appear in these places due to errors during the installation of the cellar foundation. As a result, the structure may collapse, which occurs due to the gradual deterioration of the quality of concrete.
Incorrect waterproofing or its absence.
Rising groundwater levels. The liquid rises in spring and autumn, which is due to frequent rains. If the drainage does not cope with the task of outflowing water, it will accumulate and stagnate on the cellar floor. This will give rise to bad smell, the products will spoil. The materials from which structural elements are made are exposed to negative impacts.

What is the danger of high humidity in the cellar

The first sign of a violation of the normal microclimate is condensation, followed by a musty, unpleasant smell in the room. Based on these signs, it can be assumed that such an indicator as the humidity in the basement has changed. Negative consequences this phenomenon:

in humid conditions, mold and fungus intensively develop;
the temperature regime in the room changes;
in conditions of high humidity, an increase in the number of harmful microorganisms is noted;
regular contact with water can lead to the destruction of the structure;
if a fine finish is made in the cellar, the materials lose their properties under the influence of moisture;
if the wall, floor or space under the floor often becomes damp, food can also become damp, as a result, it will be much more difficult to preserve vegetables;
the appearance of rust on metal communications.

The fight against dampness in the basement should be carried out by complex methods. If you eliminate the obvious cause of condensation, but ignore the accompanying factors (inefficient ventilation, flooding during the rainy period), soon the negative phenomena will appear again.

Fighting mold fungus

The two conditions under which mold develops are: the access of oxygen is blocked, high level humidity. It is important to eliminate these factors, for which they improve or repair the existing ventilation system. Dehumidifiers will help get rid of moisture in the cellar (building dryer, heat gun). An antifungal agent has a negative effect on mold. With its help, wood, brick, concrete surfaces. If, for various reasons, a high level of humidity could not be lowered, substances based on sulfur, chlorine or acid are periodically used.

How to remove dampness and humidity in the basement

An integrated method of struggle involves the need for the simultaneous use of waterproofing materials, air dryers, and also requires the installation of a ventilation system. Measures are being taken to divert groundwater. However, any work begins with the removal of the effects of moisture. Surfaces must be dried properly. There are several ways to eliminate dampness and water

the use of a building hair dryer;
drying surfaces with a heat gun;
arrangement of drainage for the removal of accumulated water: clay, crushed stone, sand;
pumping fluid through pumping equipment, for which a pit with a waterproof cylindrical sleeve is preliminarily equipped.

If the question is how to dry the cellar, it is not always necessary to consider all methods at the same time. The most suitable one is selected, taking into account the intensity of leakage or the volume of water. If there is little liquid, dry special equipment. In case of severe flooding, the last two methods are considered. Only in this case it is not enough just to remove excess water. After performing these works, it is necessary to use dehumidifiers.

When the level of humidity in the basement is lowered, they proceed to the next stage, which is to eliminate the cause of the change in the microclimate in the room. To this end, work is underway to restore protective coatings: internal and external waterproofing. The load-bearing structures are inspected. All defects are eliminated. Only after that you can proceed to the installation of a moisture-proof coating.

Along with this measure, one should consider the possibility of increasing the flow of air and normalizing the process of outflow of the spent medium from the cellar. For this, special equipment is used. However, first of all, the option of enhancing natural air circulation should be considered. So that in the future you do not have to face the problem of moistening the cellar again, it is recommended to take up the diversion of groundwater. For this purpose, drainage and strengthening / waterproofing of the foundation are used.

Use of dehumidifiers

Moisture must be removed, we remove all products and objects from the cellar, especially those that are flammable. Then choose a method of drying air and surfaces:

Based on the ventilation system. Even if the air circulates naturally in the cellar, it is permissible to choose this method. This group includes electrical appliances: industrial dryer, heat gun, specialized equipment (air dryer). More dangerous methods: gas burner, potbelly stove and kyrogaz.
The use of hygroscopic (absorbent) materials, they absorb moisture, but only up to a certain point. Any hygroscopic material can absorb and release liquid, which occurs when the pores in the structure are completely filled and under the influence of external loads.

If the first group of funds is considered, special attention is paid to the air dryer. Such devices pass the air flow through themselves. Inside, it passes through a chamber with cold air. As a result, condensate is formed, which settles on the walls of the tray specially provided for this task. If you are considering a heat gun or an industrial hair dryer, you should pay attention to models that are characterized by a power in the range of 2-3 kW. Less powerful devices will run slower.

The use of a potbelly stove, gas burner or kyrogaz in the basement is complicated by the risk to health and life. This is due to the fact that during the operation of such devices, carbon monoxide. It is impossible to be in the cellar until the device has finished working, and harmful substances won't fade. In addition, when burning open fire intensely heats surfaces and air. Sometimes average temperature in the process of drying the cellar reaches +70°C.

If methods of moisture removal without ventilation are being studied, bulk materials that absorb water well are considered. You can fill the floor in the cellar with salt, sawdust, newspapers, cardboard, corks, slaked lime. These are absorbent materials that absorb excess moisture. They should be changed periodically. To remove condensate, any of the materials or substances with such properties are left in the cellar for a while. This method will not completely solve the problem, but it will help to get rid of moisture for a short time.

Organization of the correct inflow and outflow of air

If the ventilation works effectively, the room will be dried out, there are two ways to dry the cellar after flooding or deformation of the supporting structure:

natural;
forced.

The inflow and outflow of air are enhanced by installing pipes in the upper and lower parts of the room. It is recommended to place them at opposite points. The top pipe must face the street. To prevent condensation from forming on communications, they are insulated. Forced ventilation suggests the need to install a fan, while the dampness in the basement will go away faster.

Internal waterproofing

If cracks appear in the foundation, they can be the cause of capillary moisture. To eliminate such a defect, sealing of leaks is carried out. Sequence of work:

the cellar must be dried using any of the above methods;
from the wall and floor, sections of the rough coating are removed, which are crumbling;
dirt, dust are removed from the cracks;
major defects are eliminated cement mortar if the leaks are small, they are filled woven fabric, then covered with silicone sealant;
given that dampness in the cellar may appear from time to time, it is recommended to treat all surfaces with an antifungal compound;
from above, the structure is covered with a material for waterproofing.

As a moisture barrier, use any of the following options:

Roll waterproofing of the floor and walls: roofing material, hydroisol. From above, the coating is protected by a moisture-resistant finishing material.
Injection waterproofing. It consists of introducing special composition into concrete. The material fills the pores and prevents the penetration of water into the structure of the walls and floor.
Mastic, polymer resins. Such compositions can only be used as auxiliary insulation, since they do not provide 100% protection against leaks.

Outdoor waterproofing

It is necessary to maintain a microclimate in the cellar, in which the concentration of moisture in the air is lowered, it is possible to lower the humidity by organizing a drainage system from the supporting structures:

Remove the blind area.
It is recommended to dig a trench 50 cm wide along the perimeter of the outer walls of the basement / cellar.
The walls are dried, plastered, antifungal composition is applied.
Bearing structures are covered with mastic or concrete mortar with glass additives.
Build a blind area using roofing material.
Produce backfilling with soil.

Groundwater diversion

Constantly damp basement / cellar and accumulation of water on the floor can cause the structure to collapse. To avoid such troubles, it is recommended to divert groundwater (stormwater, drainage are being arranged). Sequencing:

Excavation is carried out along the perimeter of the foundation.
Arrange drainage.
Strengthen the foundation, then it is isolated from moisture outside and inside.
A blind area is made around the perimeter of the base.

Additionally, sand and gravel are poured onto the cellar floor. Thanks to this, groundwater will not rise to floor level.

Conclusion

To reduce the humidity in the cellar, it is recommended to find the cause of this phenomenon. If all is removed negative factors, you can save bearing structures intact, because excess liquid adversely affects materials. It is recommended to use a complex method of moisture control. If it was possible to normalize the microclimate in the underground, in the future it is necessary to control the parameters of the air environment in this room.

If the cellar is too damp, condensate on the ceiling or moldy walls - you need to neutralize and destroy all this negativity as soon as possible. Otherwise, under great doubt will be the preservation in proper condition and type of stocks on winter time of the year. How to remove dampness in the basement? Enough for this important question right now it is worth finding an adequate answer.

A dry cellar is a great place to store vegetables, fruits and other supplies for the winter.

If there is condensation in the basement, it is damp and damp, it is necessary to put an end to this, and as soon as possible. In order to ensure maximum preservation of fresh food and preservation, it is important to maintain temperatures at optimal level: +2-4 degrees. Such air temperature should remain in this place all year round. AT summer season temperature indicators in a normal cellar should not be more than + 5-7 degrees. In order to ensure such a temperature, it is necessary to create the proper conditions, to do everything possible in a timely manner in order to properly equip such important place like a cellar.

Getting rid of dampness

First you need to identify the reason why we have a damp basement.

With an increase in moisture in the cellar in the spring-summer season due to precipitation, it is necessary to cover the floor surface with a layer of gravel.

You can also use sand instead - the thickness indicator is ten centimeters. The walls are cleaned of mold damage. The same goes for the fungus - it must be eradicated. To do this, the surface of the walls is covered with plaster - special, waterproofing. It is appropriate to dilute it - this will require dry ordinary plaster.

With an increase in the level of water, which are groundwater, a damp cellar will be brought back to normal by ensuring good waterproofing of the floor. To do this, cover the basement floor with several layers of bitumen. Then it warms up building hair dryer, a couple of layers of roofing material are laid - their thickness should be from 15 centimeters.

We get rid of moisture - the cellar must be dry

Concrete walls are more resistant to moisture

In order to get rid of moisture, concreting the floor and walls will help perfectly. In addition, you can successfully take glass as an assistant - only liquid. And also - only. If clay predominates on the floor in the house, it is necessary to remove the top layer - the thickness should be five centimeters here. Then a polyethylene film is laid - it must be folded in half. After that, the clay is compacted from above, concrete is poured from above. Often, another layer of sand is poured over the clay layer. After that, concrete is poured. If the reason why humidity is observed in the cellar is poor ventilation, then to get rid of it, it is necessary to install exhaust vents with fans.

Folk ways - victory over moisture

On the floor, as well as shelves, containers with white moss powder are installed.
Ordinary salt will help - it should be filled with sulfuric acid.
Great for wall drying slaked lime- it should be poured into a plastic barrel and left in a corner in the cellar.

Say "No" to cellar condensation

Condensation in the cellar is a natural consequence of dampness and increased moisture. The cellar can become damp against the background of a variety of factors:

Waterproofing quality leaves much to be desired.
There are too many vegetables and fruits in the cellar.
There is no proper ventilation.

Wine cellar - the dream of every owner of a country house

In order to prevent condensation in the cellar, it is important to destroy food unsuitable for food. Besides, perfect solution- whiten the surface, dry it to the maximum. As a result, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of condensate both on the walls and on the ceiling.

In summer, processing is carried out using hot water. Soap is added, elements made of wood, which are in the cellar, are dried. Antiseptic impregnation is also appropriate to combat condensation and as a preventive measure for its occurrence - impregnation is applied to a tree. Thus, it is possible to provide protection against the fungus.

In order to get rid of and prevent condensation on the ceiling, an excellent solution is insulation. For this, it is best to use foam.

In case of formation of condensate in the cellar, drying is necessary - for this they use iron stove. You can also use a brazier for drying.

Before this, the room is dried in a natural way - it will take several days.

Drying is effective, for which conventional candles are used. They are placed under exhaust pipe. As a result, natural air draft is improved. Long such drying is about four days. This is a very simple but quite effective method. You can also dry it using special dryers.

What to do if the house has a damp basement

How to get rid of dampness in the cellar? This question worries many people, because this is a rather unpleasant phenomenon that can appear even where, it would seem, all conditions have been created in order to avoid this.

Dampness in the basement

Dampness is quite dangerous. Because of it, fungi and mold appear in the basement. In addition, the temperature and humidity regime is disturbed in the room.
Condensation leads to the appearance of microorganisms that pose a health hazard - they cause serious illnesses.
As a result of dampness, walls, ceilings get wet, the finish deteriorates. It is very important to get rid of dampness in the basement.

How to deal with dampness in the basement

The basement also requires proper care, otherwise its floor and walls will be covered with fungus and mold.

First you need to determine the cause of the wetting of the surface. Further, all actions will be aimed at getting rid of excessive moisture, depending on the source. The cause can be determined by where exactly the moisture is located. So, if droplets appeared on the ceiling or walls, then insufficient ventilation is to blame. If drops of liquid formed exclusively on the walls, then this indicates that there is no vertical waterproofing cellar walls. If there are puddles on the floor, this indicates groundwater flooding.

It is quite appropriate to solve the problem with insufficient air exchange by creating additional ventilation. This applies to dampness in the attic or basement.

Basement - how to remove moisture?

In order to prevent moisture from penetrating into the basement from the soil, everything possible should be done during construction to prevent this. To do this, it is appropriate to create a bypass drainage sewerage- it is carried out around the perimeter of the house. In addition, thorough waterproofing of the foundation will also be an appropriate measure in this case. The list should include floor waterproofing in the subfield and a blind area around the basement in the house. In addition, it is necessary to drain the rainwater runoff into the drainage sewer.

When necessary work already completed, you need to fill the trench with rammed clay - this is done around the perimeter of the house. Thus, it is possible to create a water seal around the foundation. Clay is almost impervious to water. As a result, the backfilled trench will work as additional insulation.

Why is there condensation in the cellar

Natural ventilation is a sure way to protect the cellar from condensation.

contacting warm air and cold surfaces - the main, one might even say the only reason why condensation forms. When the air exchange is sufficient, then the air, heated from interior spaces, cools down. In this case, no condensation will form. To perform ventilation in the basement or attic, a couple of effective methods are used - natural ventilation, as well as forced ventilation. In the first case, ventilation includes air ducts, as well as ventilation ducts. What to do if dampness appears in the basement or attic, drops of moisture on the ceiling or walls? Installation of ventilation ducts or pipes is required. Since after the construction of the house it is no longer possible to place ventilation ducts in the walls, they must be attached to vertical structures.

Basement - causes of condensation

Dampness in the basement, a damp cellar is a health hazard. If you keep food in such a place for the purpose of storage, they will quickly deteriorate. The reasons why it is possible and most likely that condensation will appear in the cellar are similar to those faced by the owners of apartments in which plastic windows. When the house is warm, and it is cold outside, the room is not ventilated - droplets of moisture appear on the windows. Condensation on the ceiling is possible for two main reasons: ventilation and temperature differences. Eliminate these causes - and everything will be in perfect order. Therefore, it is important not only to insulate the room, but ventilation is also necessary.

Condensation in the cellar - how to get rid of it

Properly equipping the cellar, you can enjoy the taste of stored fruits almost until spring!

In this case, ventilation will come to the rescue - natural or forced. The same applies to ceiling insulation. In order to insulate the ceiling, use foam. Above the cellar, most often the floor is made of concrete. He quickly freezes. Therefore, in this case, to exclude temperature drops becomes possible way ceiling insulation. Almost everyone can cope with such a task on their own. There is nothing complicated here. You will need extruded polystyrene foam or foam, which are denser. With their help, you can simply perfectly insulate the room.

Mold in the cellar - how to get rid of it

If negative changes have occurred in the cellar - mold is observed, everything possible must be done to clean it as quickly as possible.

In order to defeat the mold, get rid of its presence, you need to go through several stages. At first, on preparatory stage, all tools should be taken out of the basement. The same goes for boxes. Shelving should also be added to the list. Everything is taken out, dried well. Next, cleaning is carried out - all the garbage that has accumulated during this time must be destroyed. With the help of brushes, scrapers, mold is removed from the walls. It is also appropriate to fumigate the cellar with a smoke bomb. Must be tightly closed ventilation holes, then carefully close the hatch or doors. Walls are being disinfected.

Creating a proper, suitable microclimate in the cellar is not an easy task. It all depends on what the environmental indicators are. This must be remembered when the laying of a building under construction is just beginning. Dense soil, like clay, is an excellent conductor of heat. This leads to the fact that the air in the cellar dug in clay is too warm in summer and freezes in winter season. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to apply effective materials having thermal insulation properties in order to properly equip the cellar.

In order to maintain the optimum temperature in the cellar with sandy or sub-sandy soil, nothing needs to be done. After all, it is perfectly preserved here optimum temperature all year round. The thing is that the soil is characterized by poor thermal conductivity.

For those who have problems with the basement in the house, there is condensation, dampness in the cellar, everything possible must be done to solve the problem as quickly as possible. Otherwise, all products will be spoiled. This means that it is necessary to adhere useful advice that were given above.

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